The document provides brief biographies of 12 influential Indian mathematicians and their contributions: - Aryabhata calculated pi to four decimal places and invented place value systems. Bhramagupta established the rules for using zero without which calculus, accounting, and computers would not exist. Bhaskara II advanced algebra and calculus. - Ramanujan made substantial contributions to analysis, number theory, and infinite series. Mahalanobis established modern statistics and was a member of India's first Planning Commission. Bose established modern theoretical physics in India through his work with Einstein on quantum mechanics.

2. INTRODUCTION
Name:- Prashant Tonde
 School:-Delhi World Public
School
 Class:- 9th
 Subject:- Mathematics
 Project:- Contribution of
Indian Mathematician

3. MATHEMATICS has played a
significant role in the development
of Human Civilization. Emerged in
the Indian subcontinent around
1200 BCE. Indian Mathematicians
have contributed a Great Deal of
Theories & Measures in the
Sphere of Mathematics.

4. In the classical period of Indian
Mathematics (400 CE to 600 CE)
important contributions were made
by scholars. An the Legacy
Established has been taken forward
by others.
Here we have Complied a brief draft
on these 10 of these Legends and
their Overwhelming Contribution.

5. The first of the Major
Mathematicians-
Astronomers, Aryabhata-I
calculated the value of the
Mathematical Constant
𝜋 (pi) at 3.1416, correct to
four decimal places.
Invents of Aryabhata also
gave us the place value
systems, circumference of
Earth to 99.8% accuracy,
calculation of the length of
sidereal year.

6. BHRAMAGUPTA
[598 CE – 668 CE]
Without Zero (0) we would lack Calculus, financial
accounting, the ability to make arithmetic
computations quickly and computers. The rules
governing the use of zero were first stated in his
early work, “Bhrahmagupta Siddhanta”.
His other great works refined the Indian systems
of counting as the Universal Language and one of
the Most Intellectual Systems of all Times.

7. Born in Bijapur, Karnataka, Bhaskara II
represents the peak of mathematical
knowledge in the 12th Century.
He wrote “Bijaganita”, on algebra and reached
an impeccable Understanding of Calculus,
Number Systems and solving Equations.
“There is nothing in the three worlds that is not
explained by mathematics”
[Ganita-sara-sangraha of Mahaviracharya,
circa 850 CE]

8. “The man who knew
the infinity”,
Ramanujan made
substantial contributions
to mathematical
analysis, number theory,
infinite series and
continued fractions. One
the first problems he
posed and gave solution
to was:
𝒙 =Õ1+2Õ1+3Õ1+4Õ1+
…

9. “FATHER OF
INDIAN
STATISTICS”
Remember for the
Mahalanobis
Distance.
He is also known for
being one of the
Members of the
First Planning
Commission of Free
India.

10. Known for his
collaboration with
Albert Einstein,
Satyendra Nath Bose
established modern
theoretical physics in
India.
Bose made significant
advances in
Statistical
Mechanics &
Quantum Statistics.

11. Dattaraya
Ramacharandra
Kaprekar was an
Indian recreational
mathematician who
described several
classes of natural
numbers including
Kaprekar Harshad
and self-numbers and
discovered the
Kaprekar constant,
named after him.

12. Calyampudi
Radhakrishna Rao, is
well known statistician,
famous for his “theory
of estimation”. His
contributions to
statistical theory and
applications are well
known, and many of his
result, which bear his
name, are included in
the curriculum of
courses in Statistics at
bachelor’s and Master’s
level all over the world.

13. Harish Chandra, born in
Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh,
was an Indian American
mathematician and
Physicist Who did
Fundamental Work in
Representation theory.
Especially Harmonic
Analysis on Semi-Simple
Lie groups.
Representation theory is
useful Branch of
Mathematics that reduces
problems in Abstract
Algebra to the problems of
Linear Algebra.

14. He gave us the
Karmarkar Algorithm
for solving linear
programming problems.
It is the first reasonably
efficient algorithm
applied in solving these
problems in polynomial
time.
Karmarkar’s algorithm
determines the next
feasible directions
towards optimality and
scales back by a factor.

15. Albert Einstein, German-
born physicist who
developed the special and
general theories of relativity
and won the Nobel Prize for
Physics in 1921 for his
explanation of the
photoelectric effect. Albert
Einstein is justly famous for
devising his THEORY OF
RELATIVITY, which
revolutionized our
understanding of space,
time, gravity, and the
only one part
of Einstein's prodigious
legacy. He was equally
inventive when it came to the
physics of atoms, molecules,
and light.

16. Sir Isaac Newton PRS (25
December 1642 – 20 March
1726/27) was an English
mathematician, physicist,
astronomer, theologian, and
author (described in his time as a
"natural philosopher") who is
widely recognised as one of the
greatest mathematicians and most
influential scientists of all time.
Newton, is best known for having
invented the Calculus in the mid
to late 1660s (most of a decade
before Leibniz did so
independently, and ultimately
more influentially) and for having
formulated the theory of universal
gravity. Newton developed a new
type of mathematics called
calculus, and made breakthroughs
in the area of optics such as the
reflecting telescope.

17. was a Greek philosopher who
made important developments in mathematics,
astronomy, and the theory of music. The
theorem now knownas Pythagoras's theorem
was knownto the Babylonians 1000 years
earlier but he may have been the first to prove it.
He is mainly remembered for what has become
known as (or
the PythagoreanTheorem): that, for any right-
angled triangle, the square of the length of the
hypotenuse (the longest side, opposite the right
angle) is equal to the sum of the square of the
other two sides (or “legs”).

18. Emmy Noether, German mathematician
whose innovations in higher algebra gained
her recognition as the most creative
abstract algebraist of modern times.
was a ground breaking German
mathematician who made immense
contributions to both algebra and physics in
the face of great adversity. She is best
known for ,
which had far-reaching consequences for
theoretical physics.