6. Patella
• Patella
– aids knee during extension, providing a
mechanical advantage
– Protects patellar tendon against friction
7. Assessing the Knee Joint
• Determining the mechanism of injury is
critical
• History- Current Injury
– Past history
– Mechanism- what position was your body
in?
– Did the knee collapse?
– Did you hear or feel anything?
– Could you move your knee immediately
after injury or was it locked?
– Did swelling occur?
– Where was the pain
8. • History - Recurrent or Chronic Injury
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
What is your major complaint?
When did you first notice the condition?
Is there recurrent swelling?
Does the knee lock or catch?
Is there severe pain?
Grinding or grating?
Does it ever feel like giving way?
What does it feel like when ascending and
descending stairs?
– What past treatment have you undergone?
9. • Observation
– Walking, half squatting, going up and down
stairs
– Swelling, ecchymosis,
– Leg alignment
• Genu valgum and genu varum
• Hyperextension and hyperflexion
• Patella alta and baja
12. – Knee Symmetry or Asymmetry
• Do the knees look symmetrical? Is there obvious
swelling? Atrophy?
– Leg Length Discrepancy
• Anatomical or functional
• Anatomical differences
– A true difference in bone length
• Functional differences
– caused by pelvic rotations or mal-alignment of the spine
14. • Types of, and Palpation of Swelling
– Intra vs. extracapsular swelling
• Intracapsular may be referred to as joint
effusion
• Ballotable patella - sign of joint effusion
– Extracapsular swelling tends to localize
over the injured structure
• May ultimately migrate down to foot and ankle
15. Q Angle
• Lines which bisect the patella relative to
the ASIS and the tibial tubercle
• Normal angle is 10 degrees for males
and 15 degrees for females
30. The MOI of an MCL injury is:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Valgus force
Varus force
Pivoting
Hyperextension
All of the above
All but 2
17%
1
17%
2
17%
17%
3
4
17%
5
17%
6
31. The MOI of an LCL injury is:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Valgus force
Varus force
Pivoting
Hyperextension
All of the above
All but 1
17%
1
17%
2
17%
17%
3
4
17%
5
17%
6
32. The ACL is most commonly
injured by:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Valgus force
Varus force
Hyperextension
Pivoting
All of the above
All but 2
17%
17%
17%
17%
17%
17%
1
2
3
4
5
6
33. • Function
Meniscus
– Shock Absorption
– Centering Mechanism (stability)
– Production of Synovial Fluid (joint oil)
45. Runner’s Knee
• Due to overuse
– The IT Band rubs
Over the lateral
Condyle of the femur
• Results in tendinitis of the
IT band
46. Pes Anserine Tendinitis
• Tendinitis/Bursitis of the distal insertion
of the sartorius, gracilis, and
semitendinosis
47. The difference between
runner’s knee and Pes
Anserine tendinitis is:
1. Runner’s knee is
lateral
2. Runner’s knee is
uncommon
3. There is no
difference
33%
33%
33%
1
2
3
