There are several types of open channel flows including canals, flumes, chutes, culverts, drops, and open flow tunnels. Canals are channels with gentle slopes used to transport water over long distances for irrigation. Chutes are steep channels that carry water over spillways. Culverts are covered channels that allow drainage under dams, highways, and other structures. Flumes are open channels on the surface used to distribute water for irrigation. Open flow tunnels are underground channels used when obstacles prevent surface water transfer, such as between mountains.

1. Kinds The Open Channel Flow
Prepared by
Ahmed Mansor

2. Kinds of Open Channel :
" Canal – Flume – Chute – Culvert – Drop – open flow tunnel "
:Open flow tunnel-1
It is a channel designed as a relatively long time, and we use it in case of an obstacle
prevents the transfer of water from one place to another on the ground such as
mountains and hills or any terrain.
Drop:-2
The very similar the chute in format and is the closest to him than the rest of other species,
but the difference between him and that attributed the change in the short distances, unlike
the chute .
Culvert:-3
Channel are covered, flow through the channel is often almost 75-95% of the area of channel
uses this type of channels in the same drainage through dams or highways or railways and
parts that are difficult to drain through.

3. Chute:-4
is a channel having steep slopes which carries the water passing over the crest of spillway to
the river downstream.
Flume :-5
Is a channel often be based on the Earth's surface, and this type of channels used in
agriculture and irrigation fields of large sources of water for distribution is smaller.
Canal :-6
These types of channels are of great slopes and be relatively the slopes on the sides of the
land on which channel and are often used to transport water through the distal distances and
also for the distribution of water from the main source for the purpose of agricultural
irrigation.