Community Participation in Decision Making Processes in Urban Planning: The Case of Kaunas
M.A. Laura Jankauskaitė-Jurevičienė Image result for research orcid, Dr. Aušra Mlinkauskienė Image result for research orcid
a and b Kaunas University of Technology, Civil engineering and architecture faculty, Kaunas, Lithuania
E mail 1: laura.jankauskaite-jureviciene@ktu.lt, Email 2: ausra.mlinkauskiene@ktu.lt
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 9 July 2020
Accepted 29 August 2020
Available online 18 September 2020
Keywords:
Community;
Urban planning;
Spatial planning;
Decision-making processes.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
Participation in decision-making processes foreshadows enabling citizens, communities, non-governmental organizations and other interested parties to influence the formulation of policies and laws affecting them. The purpose of this study is not only to review Lithuanian legal documents but also to analyse recent processes in Kaunas city planning. Kaunas city is undergoing various urban processes, which do not always meet the needs of the community. This study presents an analysis of the forms of community involvement in the urban planning processes and survey data on the effectiveness of community involvement. The methodology requires using a sociological survey with representatives of the city community and a comparative analysis between legal obligations and actual urbanization process.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(2), 197-208.
This document discusses how architects are increasingly focusing on issues of social justice and inclusion in their work. It argues that to adequately address climate change, architecture needs to engage both locally and globally. The document examines the concept of "insurgent citizenship" and alternative practices by marginalized groups. It suggests that to respond to climate change, architects need a reflexive approach that accounts for its complex multiscalar impacts and involves diverse actors across levels of governance. Architects should draw from both ethnographic understanding of local contexts and transformative visions that avoid the failures of past utopian plans.
Roles of Drop-in Centers in Street Children Interventions: Design Guidelines and Humanitarian Emergency Architecture Adaptations
* M.Sc. Ruba Azzam Image result for research orcid, Dr. Karim Kesseiba Image result for research orcid, Dr. Ahmed Abdelghaffar Image result for research orcid
Dr. Mennat-Allah El Husseiny Image result for research orcid
a, b, c and d Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering and Building Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
Email 1: ruba-azzam90@hotmail.com , Email 2: karimkesseiba@gmail.com , Email 3: amaghaffar@gmail.com
Email 4: mennatallahelhusseiny@gmail.com
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 9 July 2020
Accepted 3 September 2020
Available online 8 September 2020
Keywords:
Street Children;
Drop-in centers;
Child-Rehabilitation centers;
Architecture for Humanitarian Emergencies;
Child Friendly Spaces (CFS).
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
For decades, numerous countries have been witnessing the Street Children phenomenon where millions of children worldwide are subjected to risks. Despite the crucial role of intermediate non-residential interventions - using drop-in centers- in protecting and rehabilitating street children, there is a paucity of research addressing the quality of design of these centers and how architecture might influence their operational process. Those observations invite investigating drop-in centers used in practice from a design perspective and question adapting architectural applications for humanitarian emergencies, focusing on “Child-Friendly Spaces”. The study aims to provide solutions for better quality design, facilitating operational challenges. The methodology undertakes the investigation through primary and secondary axes. This involves conducting literature and international precedents review and secondarily, an Egyptian contextual first-hand documentation and qualitative analysis of selected centers.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(2), 151-168.
The document discusses the nation of "Trumptopia" and its identity, which includes a four season climate that will support nation building. Urban planning is needed from the start to ensure buildings can withstand different weather conditions. Renewable energy sources like hydropower and solar will be emphasized to power the nation in a sustainable way. Cultural diversity and identity formation will also be important to integrate in the nation's development. Architecture can symbolize political ideology through its use of form, scale, spatial organization, and other design elements.
The Role of Public Urban Spaces in Creating a Vivacious Society A Case Study ...shaham asadi
This document discusses the role of public spaces in creating a lively society, using Tabriz, Iran as a case study. It notes that social interactions take place in public spaces, but that Tabriz lacks sufficient recreational public spaces. The rise of the virtual world has disrupted social relations and decreased time spent in public. An analysis of Tabriz's existing spaces found they are inadequate for its size compared to other large cities. The conclusion is that more public spaces focused on recreation, welfare, art and community are needed to increase liveliness in Tabriz.
Re-visiting the Park: Reviving the “Cultural Park for Children” in Sayyeda Zeinab in the shadows of Social Sustainability
* 1 Dr. ZEINAB SHAFIK, 2 Dr. MENNAT-ALLAH EL-HUSSEINY
1&2 Architecture Department, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
E mail1: zeinabshafik@gmail.com E mail2: mennatallahelhusseiny@gmail.com
A B S T R A C T
This paper aims to question the level of success of one of Egypt’s contemporary architectural milestones which is the Aga-Khan Award winning project of the Child Park in Sayyeda Zeinab - designed by the Egyptian architect Abdel-Halim Ibrahim; from a community participation perspective. Stemming from the fact that the level of successful community participation in architecture and urban design projects affects the sustainability of the added value, this paper tackles the current process of operation of the Park and the adjacent pedestrian street, as complimentary aspects of a community participatory process, and evaluates the social sustainability of the project as well. The study sheds light on the operation of the park after twenty eight years of the initiation of the project, it explores its functional and social role in the district of Sayyeda, located at the center of Cairo city. However, the project has to be revised and analysed from a critical perspective to evaluate the degree of its success in affecting the local community, and the level to which it contributes to the approach of local community participation. In order to achieve this end, the paper adopts a two-fold methodology. The first is a literature review of the initial ceremonial participatory process of building the Park and the initial role intended by the architect whether related to the park itself or to the adjacent Abu-ElDahab Street. The second methodology is a qualitative analysis of the current state of the park and adjacent street, based on site investigations, behavioural mapping of the current status, analysis of the roles of the beneficiaries, interviews conducted with different stakeholders about the present challenges of the role of the park in the district. Based on those two main research approaches, the paper concludes with a framework and several guidelines to enhance the social sustenance of the place through rephrasing the park’s role in relation to the changing needs of the community.
This document summarizes Arturo Escobar's paper "Culture sits in places: reflections on globalism and subaltern strategies of localization." The paper argues that place has been marginalized in Western social theory but remains important in many cultures and social movements. It aims to articulate a defense of place by focusing on works in feminist geography, political economy, and the emerging field of anthropology of place. As an example, it briefly discusses an Afro-Colombian social movement that defines its strategy in terms of defending territory and culture. The paper suggests concepts like networks and glocality could help reconceive analyses and imagine alternative forms of organizing social life from a place-based perspective.
Community Participation in Decision Making Processes in Urban Planning: The Case of Kaunas
M.A. Laura Jankauskaitė-Jurevičienė Image result for research orcid, Dr. Aušra Mlinkauskienė Image result for research orcid
a and b Kaunas University of Technology, Civil engineering and architecture faculty, Kaunas, Lithuania
E mail 1: laura.jankauskaite-jureviciene@ktu.lt, Email 2: ausra.mlinkauskiene@ktu.lt
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 9 July 2020
Accepted 29 August 2020
Available online 18 September 2020
Keywords:
Community;
Urban planning;
Spatial planning;
Decision-making processes.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
Participation in decision-making processes foreshadows enabling citizens, communities, non-governmental organizations and other interested parties to influence the formulation of policies and laws affecting them. The purpose of this study is not only to review Lithuanian legal documents but also to analyse recent processes in Kaunas city planning. Kaunas city is undergoing various urban processes, which do not always meet the needs of the community. This study presents an analysis of the forms of community involvement in the urban planning processes and survey data on the effectiveness of community involvement. The methodology requires using a sociological survey with representatives of the city community and a comparative analysis between legal obligations and actual urbanization process.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(2), 197-208.
This document discusses how architects are increasingly focusing on issues of social justice and inclusion in their work. It argues that to adequately address climate change, architecture needs to engage both locally and globally. The document examines the concept of "insurgent citizenship" and alternative practices by marginalized groups. It suggests that to respond to climate change, architects need a reflexive approach that accounts for its complex multiscalar impacts and involves diverse actors across levels of governance. Architects should draw from both ethnographic understanding of local contexts and transformative visions that avoid the failures of past utopian plans.
Roles of Drop-in Centers in Street Children Interventions: Design Guidelines and Humanitarian Emergency Architecture Adaptations
* M.Sc. Ruba Azzam Image result for research orcid, Dr. Karim Kesseiba Image result for research orcid, Dr. Ahmed Abdelghaffar Image result for research orcid
Dr. Mennat-Allah El Husseiny Image result for research orcid
a, b, c and d Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering and Building Technologies, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
Email 1: ruba-azzam90@hotmail.com , Email 2: karimkesseiba@gmail.com , Email 3: amaghaffar@gmail.com
Email 4: mennatallahelhusseiny@gmail.com
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 9 July 2020
Accepted 3 September 2020
Available online 8 September 2020
Keywords:
Street Children;
Drop-in centers;
Child-Rehabilitation centers;
Architecture for Humanitarian Emergencies;
Child Friendly Spaces (CFS).
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
For decades, numerous countries have been witnessing the Street Children phenomenon where millions of children worldwide are subjected to risks. Despite the crucial role of intermediate non-residential interventions - using drop-in centers- in protecting and rehabilitating street children, there is a paucity of research addressing the quality of design of these centers and how architecture might influence their operational process. Those observations invite investigating drop-in centers used in practice from a design perspective and question adapting architectural applications for humanitarian emergencies, focusing on “Child-Friendly Spaces”. The study aims to provide solutions for better quality design, facilitating operational challenges. The methodology undertakes the investigation through primary and secondary axes. This involves conducting literature and international precedents review and secondarily, an Egyptian contextual first-hand documentation and qualitative analysis of selected centers.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(2), 151-168.
The document discusses the nation of "Trumptopia" and its identity, which includes a four season climate that will support nation building. Urban planning is needed from the start to ensure buildings can withstand different weather conditions. Renewable energy sources like hydropower and solar will be emphasized to power the nation in a sustainable way. Cultural diversity and identity formation will also be important to integrate in the nation's development. Architecture can symbolize political ideology through its use of form, scale, spatial organization, and other design elements.
The Role of Public Urban Spaces in Creating a Vivacious Society A Case Study ...shaham asadi
This document discusses the role of public spaces in creating a lively society, using Tabriz, Iran as a case study. It notes that social interactions take place in public spaces, but that Tabriz lacks sufficient recreational public spaces. The rise of the virtual world has disrupted social relations and decreased time spent in public. An analysis of Tabriz's existing spaces found they are inadequate for its size compared to other large cities. The conclusion is that more public spaces focused on recreation, welfare, art and community are needed to increase liveliness in Tabriz.
Re-visiting the Park: Reviving the “Cultural Park for Children” in Sayyeda Zeinab in the shadows of Social Sustainability
* 1 Dr. ZEINAB SHAFIK, 2 Dr. MENNAT-ALLAH EL-HUSSEINY
1&2 Architecture Department, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
E mail1: zeinabshafik@gmail.com E mail2: mennatallahelhusseiny@gmail.com
A B S T R A C T
This paper aims to question the level of success of one of Egypt’s contemporary architectural milestones which is the Aga-Khan Award winning project of the Child Park in Sayyeda Zeinab - designed by the Egyptian architect Abdel-Halim Ibrahim; from a community participation perspective. Stemming from the fact that the level of successful community participation in architecture and urban design projects affects the sustainability of the added value, this paper tackles the current process of operation of the Park and the adjacent pedestrian street, as complimentary aspects of a community participatory process, and evaluates the social sustainability of the project as well. The study sheds light on the operation of the park after twenty eight years of the initiation of the project, it explores its functional and social role in the district of Sayyeda, located at the center of Cairo city. However, the project has to be revised and analysed from a critical perspective to evaluate the degree of its success in affecting the local community, and the level to which it contributes to the approach of local community participation. In order to achieve this end, the paper adopts a two-fold methodology. The first is a literature review of the initial ceremonial participatory process of building the Park and the initial role intended by the architect whether related to the park itself or to the adjacent Abu-ElDahab Street. The second methodology is a qualitative analysis of the current state of the park and adjacent street, based on site investigations, behavioural mapping of the current status, analysis of the roles of the beneficiaries, interviews conducted with different stakeholders about the present challenges of the role of the park in the district. Based on those two main research approaches, the paper concludes with a framework and several guidelines to enhance the social sustenance of the place through rephrasing the park’s role in relation to the changing needs of the community.
This document summarizes Arturo Escobar's paper "Culture sits in places: reflections on globalism and subaltern strategies of localization." The paper argues that place has been marginalized in Western social theory but remains important in many cultures and social movements. It aims to articulate a defense of place by focusing on works in feminist geography, political economy, and the emerging field of anthropology of place. As an example, it briefly discusses an Afro-Colombian social movement that defines its strategy in terms of defending territory and culture. The paper suggests concepts like networks and glocality could help reconceive analyses and imagine alternative forms of organizing social life from a place-based perspective.
A B S T R A C T
The typological features of university campus areas are shaped according to their locations in the city. Campuses in city centers carry great potentials for students’ cultural, intellectual and artistic activities, especially for those from faculty of architecture and design, with close relations to the city. In big metropolitan cities, it is hard to reserve land for campuses therefore they emerge as vertical settlements. On the other hand, campuses built on the periphery mainly feature horizontal planning characteristics due to availability of land. The aim of this paper is to develop an approach for measuring architecture students’ aesthetic experience of vertical and horizontal campuses in relation to sense of place theory. Recently, emerging technologies in cognitive science, such as brain imaging techniques, activity maps, sensory maps, cognitive mapping and photo-projective method etc., have enabled advanced measurement of aesthetic experience. In this exploratory research, using ‘photo-projective method’, students will be asked to interpret and draw ‘cognitive maps’ of the places that they are happy to be (defined place) or to see (landscape) on the campus. Based on students’ impressions and experiences, it will be possible to compare aesthetic experience on vertical and horizontal campus. Thus, a comprehensive approach for improving campus design according to users’ aesthetic experiences and sense of place rather than building technology, law, development and finance driven obligations will be introduced.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2020), 4(2), 13-26.
https://doi.org/10.25034/ijcua.2020.v4n2-2
Urban spaces reflect the reality of city life, like a mirror. This research aims to examine and analyze the advanced aesthetic, functional, and environmental performance of urban public spaces by assessing the current situation and highlighting the role of creativity in developing these spaces. To clarify the research scope, Şişhane Park in İstanbul, Turkey was studied to define the requirements of creative standards, evaluate these competencies and choose the appropriate architectural style and urban furniture. In addition, to learn ways of preserving those elements for longer life. The analytical descriptive approach was the research method utilized in order to arrive at a set of results that ascertain the reality of the aesthetic, functional, and environmental performance of urban public spaces, and the reflection of the contemporary role in developing these spaces, which can contribute to addressing weaknesses and bolster the strength points in the formation of public urban spaces around the world.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2020), 4(2), 67-86.
https://doi.org/10.25034/ijcua.2020.v4n2-7
www.ijcua.com
Mobility, accessibility and vulnerabilityLuca Daconto
A brief presentation of my Phd research that I used during the course "Analysis of temporary inhabitants in public spaces" in order to show concretely how a sociological research works
Guerrilla Gardening - Geographers and Gardeners, Actors and Networks: Reconsidering Urban Public Space
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
The document discusses the concept of social ecology, which is defined as the study of the interaction between people and their environment. It provides various definitions and perspectives on social ecology from different institutions and scholars. Specifically, it examines the origins and development of social ecology at the University of Chicago in the 1920s. It also analyzes the intellectual foundations and different traditions that have influenced social ecology, such as evolutionary biology, urban sociology, and public health. The document explores how social ecologists view the environmental crisis as stemming from social hierarchies and domination within society.
This document summarizes a research study that examined residents' social interactions within three market squares in rural neighborhoods in Southwestern Nigeria and the impact of those interactions on community well-being. The study utilized a quantitative survey of 382 residents from the Yoruba, Hausa, and Ibo ethnic groups, as well as qualitative observations of activity patterns. The findings revealed that improvements to the quality of the market squares are needed to increase social interactions and well-being among residents. Specifically, the study found that enhancing the built environment and opportunities for social interaction among diverse ethnic groups can help facilitate greater community well-being through increased neighborliness, social ties, and sense of community. The researchers conclude that residents' well-being is influenced
A B S T R A C T
The "architecture without architect" in Cappadocia has always been fairy due to its volcanic stone formations and transforming silhouettes. In 1973, French architect Jack Avizou highlighted the essence of cave houses as vernacular building types and their potentials for local tourism beyond conventional notions of architectural heritage. Upon completing restoration of cave houses in Uçhisar and transforming them to boutique hotels, he was nominated for Aga Khan Award for Architecture in 2010. On the other hand,
Aga Khan Award winner Turkish architect Turgut Cansever, had also been advising for Argos Hotel project in Uçhisar since 1996. He gave importance to the concept of "protection" and preserved vernacular identity and characteristics despite the demands of tourism sector. This paper aims to explore Avizou and Cansever’s design solutions in Uçhisar’s local context. Building / interior design elements and spatial relations in interiors will be analyzed with cluster analysis and ranked according to levels of novelty. Hence, achievement of creativity through transformation, combination and variation of original designs, will be displayed. Understanding Avizou’s and Cansever’s visions on revitalization and adaptive re-use is substantial since, their creativity shall be a source of inspiration for future sustainable tourism and building practices in local and global context.
Journal Of CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2020), 4(2), 37-50.
https://doi.org/10.25034/ijcua.2020.v4n2-4
www.ijcua.com
Socio economic analysis of the interventions aimed at improvingAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the socio-economic analysis of water and sanitation interventions in rural areas of Abbottabad, Pakistan. It employed a cross-sectional study design using interviews, questionnaires and focus groups. Respondents were generally satisfied with the quality and cost of water delivery but a top-down implementation approach was still used. A cost-benefit analysis found the economic benefits of the interventions to be good. The study assessed the demographic characteristics, wealth rankings, existing water/sanitation infrastructure, and roles of stakeholders in the target communities. Overall, the interventions improved access to water but supply was still insufficient and a community-engaged approach was needed.
Urban Public Space Axis Rector of Green Infrastructure in the Current City of...IEREK Press
The current city calls for the reconsideration of a close relationship between gray infrastructure and public spaces, understanding the infrastructure as a set of items, equipment, or services required for the functioning of a country, a City. Ambato, Ecuador, is a current intermediate city, has less than 1% of the urban surface with use of public green spaces, which represents a figure below the 9m2/ hab., recommended by OMS. The aim of this paper was to identify urban public spaces that switches of green infrastructure in the city today, applying a methodology of qualitative studies. With an exploratory descriptive level analysis, in three stages, stage of theoretical foundation product of a review of the existing literature, which is the theoretical support of the relationship gray infrastructure public spaces equal to green infrastructure. Subsequent to this case study, discussed with criteria aimed at green infrastructure and in the public spaces of the study area. Finally, after processing and analysis of the results, we provide conclusions for urban public space as a definition of the green infrastructure of the current city of Latin America; in the latter, the focus is to support this article.
Urban Public Space Axis Rector of Green Infrastructure in the Current City of...IEREK Press
The current city calls for the reconsideration of a close relationship between gray infrastructure and public spaces, understanding the infrastructure as a set of items, equipment, or services required for the functioning of a country, a City. Ambato, Ecuador, is a current intermediate city, has less than 1% of the urban surface with use of public green spaces, which represents a figure below the 9m2/ hab., recommended by OMS. The aim of this paper was to identify urban public spaces that switches of green infrastructure in the city today, applying a methodology of qualitative studies. With an exploratory descriptive level analysis, in three stages, stage of theoretical foundation product of a review of the existing literature, which is the theoretical support of the relationship gray infrastructure public spaces equal to green infrastructure. Subsequent to this case study, discussed with criteria aimed at green infrastructure and in the public spaces of the study area. Finally, after processing and analysis of the results, we provide conclusions for urban public space as a definition of the green infrastructure of the current city of Latin America; in the latter, the focus is to support this article.
Regenerative Mobility: Disruption and Urban EvolutionIEREK Press
Mobility plays an important role in the cities by enabling people to carry out the most varied activities across the territory, as well as to ensure the city fully function. In addition, analogies to the human organism can be made by this urban dynamic, looking for solutions to specific issues. Moreover, this paper has been based by the premise that phenomena and urban elements could be conceptualized, explained and transformed from contemporary and innovative approaches applied in the medical field. For this reason, this paper aims to develop and present a new concept associated with urban mobility, based on the principles of regenerative medicine: the Regenerative Mobility, a concept with disruptive and evolutionary purposes. Furthermore, the structure of this paper is summarized by the introduction which contextualizes the theme, presents and characterizes the techniques used in the research. Additionally, the following chapters explore essential aspects of the city, explaining why it needs a mobility change and new concepts. Therefore, the concept of Regenerative Mobility is presented as a potential of mobility and cities improvement, followed by pragmatic cases, capable of illustrating some of its principles.
Regenerative Mobility: Disruption and Urban EvolutionIEREK Press
Mobility plays an important role in the cities by enabling people to carry out the most varied activities across the territory, as well as to ensure the city fully function. In addition, analogies to the human organism can be made by this urban dynamic, looking for solutions to specific issues. Moreover, this paper has been based by the premise that phenomena and urban elements could be conceptualized, explained and transformed from contemporary and innovative approaches applied in the medical field. For this reason, this paper aims to develop and present a new concept associated with urban mobility, based on the principles of regenerative medicine: the Regenerative Mobility, a concept with disruptive and evolutionary purposes. Furthermore, the structure of this paper is summarized by the introduction which contextualizes the theme, presents and characterizes the techniques used in the research. Additionally, the following chapters explore essential aspects of the city, explaining why it needs a mobility change and new concepts. Therefore, the concept of Regenerative Mobility is presented as a potential of mobility and cities improvement, followed by pragmatic cases, capable of illustrating some of its principles.
A B S T R A C T
This article aims at following the traces of the transformation of public sphere in Turkey through its manifestations on urban public spaces with the case study of Taksim Square. In this attempt, the article illustrates how Taksim square, as a public space, has been shaped by struggles between different ideologies, discourses, political decisions and daily activities taking place at personal, interpersonal, local, national, supranational and global scales. Through this way this article also aims at understanding how these contestations at different scales are affecting people, individually and collectively, from daily life practices to political integration. The article also discusses that our daily life practices and preferences are political decisions and our participation in public sphere occurs through those daily actions of the personal spheres. Therefore, the article suggests that a paradigm shift is needed in the design and production of the built environments that will facilitate the coexistence of multiple counter publics.
The Study of Safavi Northern Chahar-Bagh Street of Shiraz, Iran; from the Sta...Dorna Eshrati
The historical urban landscape is a new approach towards the historical city as the product
of human interaction with micro ecosystem over the passage of time that has recently gained a special
position in urban conservation. This paper begins with raising the question that how this approach can
be used to solve the challenges of conservation and development of historical cities. Exploring the
conservation documents indicate that viewpoint to historical city has shifted from ‘the atomistic perspective
to holistic’, ‘static to dynamic’, ‘product-oriented to process-oriented’, ‘conflict with micro-ecosystem
to interact with micro-ecosystem’, and ‘the contrast of conservation and development’ to the integration
of them. The purpose of this paper is to review the northern Safavi Chahar-Bagh street of shiraz in the
city master plan to find out how the street conservation and development is based on historical urban
landscape. The data for this research were collected through observations and documents review and
were analyzed qualitatively. The survey results show that the new doctrines of urban conservation seek
to integrate conservation and development based on historical urban landscape; however, the definition
of the Historical city boundary in the master plan of shiraz is still based on static and atomistic doctrines
that consider historical cities limited to the historical wall. This is while the northern Chahar-Bagh street
of shiraz which was the main historical axis of the city during the Safavi period was located outside the
historical wall of the city. Not paying attention to this street has caused the gradual destruction of this
historical urban landscape, despite the individual protection of some of its elements. Reviewing the case
study based on the historical urban landscape approach reveals the need for a reconsideration and revision
of the developments urban plans.
CHAPTER 1- THE STREET is the fundamental “city” element, the building block of cities. The street is a delineated area for common use, framed by a collection of individual structures, whose purpose is to serve the function of circulation and exchange: social and material.
CHAPTER 2- THE FOOD & BUSINESS - Power within the food industry is concentrated to dominate the global trade of food and beverages 40% of the total global grocery market. Processed food accounts for three-quarters of global food sales. On average, people spend 20% of their income on food and the global food market.
CHAPTER 3- TRANSFORMATIONS - positive thinking of the creative fields be integrated with the critical inquiry of
RANGKUMAN JURNAL INTERNASIONAL :
Prioritas Perbaikan Perumahan di Dalam Pusat Kota Menggunakan Model Analisa Hirarki (AHP) dan Sistem Informasi Geografis (GIS) :
(Studi Kasus Kota Zanjan, Iran)
Soleiman Foroughi, Mezgeen Abdulrahman Rasol
This research paper examines housing renovation priorities in the urban fabric of Zanjan City, Iran using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and geographic information system (GIS). The researchers analyzed 1,385 residential blocks and identified housing units in need of modernization based on physical indicators of exhaustion. Their findings showed that 17.86% of blocks were highest priority for renovation, 77.24% were second priority, and the remaining blocks were third to fifth priority. The AHP and GIS methods provided an effective way to systematically prioritize housing renovation across the city based on measured criteria. The results can help urban planners and managers in Zanjan allocate resources for modernization programs that strengthen the urban fabric.
The Role of “Scale” on the Acceleration of Social Interaction in Urban Spaces
1 * Dr. Kaveh Hajialiakbari Image result for research orcid , 2 Dr. Mohammad Zare Image result for research orcid ,
3 Mitra Karimi Image result for research orcid
1 Shahid Beheshti University, Faculty of Architecture and urbanism, Tehran, Iran
2 & 3 University of Tehran, Faculty of Fine Arts, Tehran, Iran
1 E-mail: Kaveh.haa@gmail.com , 2 E-mail: zare.md@ut.ac.ir ,
3 E-mail: mitrakarimi@modares.ac.ir
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received: 8 March 2021
Revised: 25 July 2021
Accepted: 8 August 2021
Available online: 18 August 2021
Keywords:
Urban Space;
Obsolescent Neighborhoods,
Social Interaction,
Evaluation Indicators,
Functional Scale.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
Rehabilitation projects are interventions that can lead to the transformation of the socio-spatial structure of obsolescent neighborhoods. The main intention of such projects is the creation and/or improvement of social interactions after physical and functional interventions. Urban Renewal Organization of Tehran (UROT) is tasked with identification of target obsolescent neighborhoods, preparation of neighborhood development plans and implementation of rehabilitation projects to improve the quality of space and stimulate social interactions. In this paper, three urban spaces in different scales (“micro” for neighborhoods, “meso” for local and “macro” for trans-local scales), designed and implemented by UROT, were selected as a case study. By designing and filling a questionnaire and after analyzing research findings, the effect of the scale of the urban project on different activities was evaluated based on the Gehl model. Overall, in the expanded model based on the scale of space, an inverse ratio between the scale of space and both optional selective and social activities has been revealed.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2022), 6(1), 59-68.
The document discusses three public squares in Turku, Finland - Vanha Suurtori, Varvintori, and Vähätori - located along the River Aura waterfront. It analyzes the publicness of the squares using a star model with 19 indicators across 5 themes: ownership, physical configuration, animation, control, and civility. Vanha Suurtori, an historic square near the cathedral, scored a medium publicness rating of 3.47. While publicly owned with no overt control, it sees little activity. The riverfront is considered Turku's most important public space but could be further activated through initiatives like an urban beach or water taxi. More study is needed on other squares' public
Towards the Egyptian Charter for Conservation of Cultural Heritages
1 Associate Professor Dr. Corinna Rossi , 2 * Sara Rabie
1 Department of Architecture and Urban Design, Faculty of Architecture, Politecnico di Milano Cairo, Milan, Italy
2 Department of Architecture and Urban Design, Faculty of Architecture, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
1 E-mail: corinna.rossi@polimi.it , 2 E-mail: sarah.rabie@guc.edu.eg
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 5 April 2021
Accepted 15 June 2021
Available online 25 June 2021
Keywords:
Cultural Heritages;
Conservation;
History;
Value;
Authenticity;
Europe;
Egypt.
ABSTRACT
The notion of “Cultural heritage” is quite modern compared to other humanistic fields developed in the last century. Conservation as a science has emerged and took shape during international conventions and treaties in many places in Europe and developed various frameworks to recognize the heritage and its value but based on “Eurocentric bias” criteria. The fact of sharing universal values and common practices during the age of globalization had a significant impact on conservation actions in contexts utterly different from western societies and don’t share the same historical or cultural dimensions. Therefore, this study traces the history of the evolution of conservation in the west from two perspectives; the historical one and the developing methodologies, and the philosophies behind the main theories in conservation. Cultural heritage is a reflection of the identity of the society and its past; thus, this study outlines the development of conservation practices in Egypt within the international approaches in a chronological order to investigate the social response and the impact of the political and cultural influence of the cultural consciousness of the society and the conservation actions in the Egyptian context. Furthermore, to investigate the contribution of international charters in developing national policies in Egypt.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(1), 101-111.
Determining the Position of Culture-Centered Design in Complementation of Urb...Parisa Aminsobhani
Modern society, according to a single linear view of modernity, is founded upon the concept of
progress in a linear trajectory; it has “backward” on the one side and “civilized, developed society” on
the other. According to this point of view, the societies, whether want it or not, having no choice
except moving away from backwardness towards progress and development. The overall rate of
societies’ civility and urbanization is measured on the extent to which they are similar to the first
developed cities in the world. However, the criticism made are that the legacy of the communities,
mostly formed by culture, is consciously or unconsciously deleted or overlooked through this
measurement. In order to compensate for the loss caused by modernity, the roles of designers as
the critics and promoters of modern perspective, become significant with regard to the profound
attention to culture. It takes a step towards experiencing and culture-making. The present paper has
been prepared based on the results from the research on environmental design project of River
Valley of Maqsood Beyk – Jafar Abad in Tajrish Square; and it aims to provide a procedure to
increase the cultural functions in the environment. The study indicates that the aesthetic and
symbolic functions are neglected in the regional environmental design; and at lower level, the
practical functions are seen as sufficient. Due to the profound attention to culture, the design studies
suggest the image analysis method and Kansei Engineering throughout the present research. The
case study on River Valley Maqsood Beyk – Jafar Abad shows that applying this method has been
successful in experiencing the design of products and environment and systematically leads the
designers’ mind to cultural considerations.
A B S T R A C T
The typological features of university campus areas are shaped according to their locations in the city. Campuses in city centers carry great potentials for students’ cultural, intellectual and artistic activities, especially for those from faculty of architecture and design, with close relations to the city. In big metropolitan cities, it is hard to reserve land for campuses therefore they emerge as vertical settlements. On the other hand, campuses built on the periphery mainly feature horizontal planning characteristics due to availability of land. The aim of this paper is to develop an approach for measuring architecture students’ aesthetic experience of vertical and horizontal campuses in relation to sense of place theory. Recently, emerging technologies in cognitive science, such as brain imaging techniques, activity maps, sensory maps, cognitive mapping and photo-projective method etc., have enabled advanced measurement of aesthetic experience. In this exploratory research, using ‘photo-projective method’, students will be asked to interpret and draw ‘cognitive maps’ of the places that they are happy to be (defined place) or to see (landscape) on the campus. Based on students’ impressions and experiences, it will be possible to compare aesthetic experience on vertical and horizontal campus. Thus, a comprehensive approach for improving campus design according to users’ aesthetic experiences and sense of place rather than building technology, law, development and finance driven obligations will be introduced.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2020), 4(2), 13-26.
https://doi.org/10.25034/ijcua.2020.v4n2-2
Urban spaces reflect the reality of city life, like a mirror. This research aims to examine and analyze the advanced aesthetic, functional, and environmental performance of urban public spaces by assessing the current situation and highlighting the role of creativity in developing these spaces. To clarify the research scope, Şişhane Park in İstanbul, Turkey was studied to define the requirements of creative standards, evaluate these competencies and choose the appropriate architectural style and urban furniture. In addition, to learn ways of preserving those elements for longer life. The analytical descriptive approach was the research method utilized in order to arrive at a set of results that ascertain the reality of the aesthetic, functional, and environmental performance of urban public spaces, and the reflection of the contemporary role in developing these spaces, which can contribute to addressing weaknesses and bolster the strength points in the formation of public urban spaces around the world.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2020), 4(2), 67-86.
https://doi.org/10.25034/ijcua.2020.v4n2-7
www.ijcua.com
Mobility, accessibility and vulnerabilityLuca Daconto
A brief presentation of my Phd research that I used during the course "Analysis of temporary inhabitants in public spaces" in order to show concretely how a sociological research works
Guerrilla Gardening - Geographers and Gardeners, Actors and Networks: Reconsidering Urban Public Space
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
The document discusses the concept of social ecology, which is defined as the study of the interaction between people and their environment. It provides various definitions and perspectives on social ecology from different institutions and scholars. Specifically, it examines the origins and development of social ecology at the University of Chicago in the 1920s. It also analyzes the intellectual foundations and different traditions that have influenced social ecology, such as evolutionary biology, urban sociology, and public health. The document explores how social ecologists view the environmental crisis as stemming from social hierarchies and domination within society.
This document summarizes a research study that examined residents' social interactions within three market squares in rural neighborhoods in Southwestern Nigeria and the impact of those interactions on community well-being. The study utilized a quantitative survey of 382 residents from the Yoruba, Hausa, and Ibo ethnic groups, as well as qualitative observations of activity patterns. The findings revealed that improvements to the quality of the market squares are needed to increase social interactions and well-being among residents. Specifically, the study found that enhancing the built environment and opportunities for social interaction among diverse ethnic groups can help facilitate greater community well-being through increased neighborliness, social ties, and sense of community. The researchers conclude that residents' well-being is influenced
A B S T R A C T
The "architecture without architect" in Cappadocia has always been fairy due to its volcanic stone formations and transforming silhouettes. In 1973, French architect Jack Avizou highlighted the essence of cave houses as vernacular building types and their potentials for local tourism beyond conventional notions of architectural heritage. Upon completing restoration of cave houses in Uçhisar and transforming them to boutique hotels, he was nominated for Aga Khan Award for Architecture in 2010. On the other hand,
Aga Khan Award winner Turkish architect Turgut Cansever, had also been advising for Argos Hotel project in Uçhisar since 1996. He gave importance to the concept of "protection" and preserved vernacular identity and characteristics despite the demands of tourism sector. This paper aims to explore Avizou and Cansever’s design solutions in Uçhisar’s local context. Building / interior design elements and spatial relations in interiors will be analyzed with cluster analysis and ranked according to levels of novelty. Hence, achievement of creativity through transformation, combination and variation of original designs, will be displayed. Understanding Avizou’s and Cansever’s visions on revitalization and adaptive re-use is substantial since, their creativity shall be a source of inspiration for future sustainable tourism and building practices in local and global context.
Journal Of CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2020), 4(2), 37-50.
https://doi.org/10.25034/ijcua.2020.v4n2-4
www.ijcua.com
Socio economic analysis of the interventions aimed at improvingAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the socio-economic analysis of water and sanitation interventions in rural areas of Abbottabad, Pakistan. It employed a cross-sectional study design using interviews, questionnaires and focus groups. Respondents were generally satisfied with the quality and cost of water delivery but a top-down implementation approach was still used. A cost-benefit analysis found the economic benefits of the interventions to be good. The study assessed the demographic characteristics, wealth rankings, existing water/sanitation infrastructure, and roles of stakeholders in the target communities. Overall, the interventions improved access to water but supply was still insufficient and a community-engaged approach was needed.
Urban Public Space Axis Rector of Green Infrastructure in the Current City of...IEREK Press
The current city calls for the reconsideration of a close relationship between gray infrastructure and public spaces, understanding the infrastructure as a set of items, equipment, or services required for the functioning of a country, a City. Ambato, Ecuador, is a current intermediate city, has less than 1% of the urban surface with use of public green spaces, which represents a figure below the 9m2/ hab., recommended by OMS. The aim of this paper was to identify urban public spaces that switches of green infrastructure in the city today, applying a methodology of qualitative studies. With an exploratory descriptive level analysis, in three stages, stage of theoretical foundation product of a review of the existing literature, which is the theoretical support of the relationship gray infrastructure public spaces equal to green infrastructure. Subsequent to this case study, discussed with criteria aimed at green infrastructure and in the public spaces of the study area. Finally, after processing and analysis of the results, we provide conclusions for urban public space as a definition of the green infrastructure of the current city of Latin America; in the latter, the focus is to support this article.
Urban Public Space Axis Rector of Green Infrastructure in the Current City of...IEREK Press
The current city calls for the reconsideration of a close relationship between gray infrastructure and public spaces, understanding the infrastructure as a set of items, equipment, or services required for the functioning of a country, a City. Ambato, Ecuador, is a current intermediate city, has less than 1% of the urban surface with use of public green spaces, which represents a figure below the 9m2/ hab., recommended by OMS. The aim of this paper was to identify urban public spaces that switches of green infrastructure in the city today, applying a methodology of qualitative studies. With an exploratory descriptive level analysis, in three stages, stage of theoretical foundation product of a review of the existing literature, which is the theoretical support of the relationship gray infrastructure public spaces equal to green infrastructure. Subsequent to this case study, discussed with criteria aimed at green infrastructure and in the public spaces of the study area. Finally, after processing and analysis of the results, we provide conclusions for urban public space as a definition of the green infrastructure of the current city of Latin America; in the latter, the focus is to support this article.
Regenerative Mobility: Disruption and Urban EvolutionIEREK Press
Mobility plays an important role in the cities by enabling people to carry out the most varied activities across the territory, as well as to ensure the city fully function. In addition, analogies to the human organism can be made by this urban dynamic, looking for solutions to specific issues. Moreover, this paper has been based by the premise that phenomena and urban elements could be conceptualized, explained and transformed from contemporary and innovative approaches applied in the medical field. For this reason, this paper aims to develop and present a new concept associated with urban mobility, based on the principles of regenerative medicine: the Regenerative Mobility, a concept with disruptive and evolutionary purposes. Furthermore, the structure of this paper is summarized by the introduction which contextualizes the theme, presents and characterizes the techniques used in the research. Additionally, the following chapters explore essential aspects of the city, explaining why it needs a mobility change and new concepts. Therefore, the concept of Regenerative Mobility is presented as a potential of mobility and cities improvement, followed by pragmatic cases, capable of illustrating some of its principles.
Regenerative Mobility: Disruption and Urban EvolutionIEREK Press
Mobility plays an important role in the cities by enabling people to carry out the most varied activities across the territory, as well as to ensure the city fully function. In addition, analogies to the human organism can be made by this urban dynamic, looking for solutions to specific issues. Moreover, this paper has been based by the premise that phenomena and urban elements could be conceptualized, explained and transformed from contemporary and innovative approaches applied in the medical field. For this reason, this paper aims to develop and present a new concept associated with urban mobility, based on the principles of regenerative medicine: the Regenerative Mobility, a concept with disruptive and evolutionary purposes. Furthermore, the structure of this paper is summarized by the introduction which contextualizes the theme, presents and characterizes the techniques used in the research. Additionally, the following chapters explore essential aspects of the city, explaining why it needs a mobility change and new concepts. Therefore, the concept of Regenerative Mobility is presented as a potential of mobility and cities improvement, followed by pragmatic cases, capable of illustrating some of its principles.
A B S T R A C T
This article aims at following the traces of the transformation of public sphere in Turkey through its manifestations on urban public spaces with the case study of Taksim Square. In this attempt, the article illustrates how Taksim square, as a public space, has been shaped by struggles between different ideologies, discourses, political decisions and daily activities taking place at personal, interpersonal, local, national, supranational and global scales. Through this way this article also aims at understanding how these contestations at different scales are affecting people, individually and collectively, from daily life practices to political integration. The article also discusses that our daily life practices and preferences are political decisions and our participation in public sphere occurs through those daily actions of the personal spheres. Therefore, the article suggests that a paradigm shift is needed in the design and production of the built environments that will facilitate the coexistence of multiple counter publics.
The Study of Safavi Northern Chahar-Bagh Street of Shiraz, Iran; from the Sta...Dorna Eshrati
The historical urban landscape is a new approach towards the historical city as the product
of human interaction with micro ecosystem over the passage of time that has recently gained a special
position in urban conservation. This paper begins with raising the question that how this approach can
be used to solve the challenges of conservation and development of historical cities. Exploring the
conservation documents indicate that viewpoint to historical city has shifted from ‘the atomistic perspective
to holistic’, ‘static to dynamic’, ‘product-oriented to process-oriented’, ‘conflict with micro-ecosystem
to interact with micro-ecosystem’, and ‘the contrast of conservation and development’ to the integration
of them. The purpose of this paper is to review the northern Safavi Chahar-Bagh street of shiraz in the
city master plan to find out how the street conservation and development is based on historical urban
landscape. The data for this research were collected through observations and documents review and
were analyzed qualitatively. The survey results show that the new doctrines of urban conservation seek
to integrate conservation and development based on historical urban landscape; however, the definition
of the Historical city boundary in the master plan of shiraz is still based on static and atomistic doctrines
that consider historical cities limited to the historical wall. This is while the northern Chahar-Bagh street
of shiraz which was the main historical axis of the city during the Safavi period was located outside the
historical wall of the city. Not paying attention to this street has caused the gradual destruction of this
historical urban landscape, despite the individual protection of some of its elements. Reviewing the case
study based on the historical urban landscape approach reveals the need for a reconsideration and revision
of the developments urban plans.
CHAPTER 1- THE STREET is the fundamental “city” element, the building block of cities. The street is a delineated area for common use, framed by a collection of individual structures, whose purpose is to serve the function of circulation and exchange: social and material.
CHAPTER 2- THE FOOD & BUSINESS - Power within the food industry is concentrated to dominate the global trade of food and beverages 40% of the total global grocery market. Processed food accounts for three-quarters of global food sales. On average, people spend 20% of their income on food and the global food market.
CHAPTER 3- TRANSFORMATIONS - positive thinking of the creative fields be integrated with the critical inquiry of
RANGKUMAN JURNAL INTERNASIONAL :
Prioritas Perbaikan Perumahan di Dalam Pusat Kota Menggunakan Model Analisa Hirarki (AHP) dan Sistem Informasi Geografis (GIS) :
(Studi Kasus Kota Zanjan, Iran)
Soleiman Foroughi, Mezgeen Abdulrahman Rasol
This research paper examines housing renovation priorities in the urban fabric of Zanjan City, Iran using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and geographic information system (GIS). The researchers analyzed 1,385 residential blocks and identified housing units in need of modernization based on physical indicators of exhaustion. Their findings showed that 17.86% of blocks were highest priority for renovation, 77.24% were second priority, and the remaining blocks were third to fifth priority. The AHP and GIS methods provided an effective way to systematically prioritize housing renovation across the city based on measured criteria. The results can help urban planners and managers in Zanjan allocate resources for modernization programs that strengthen the urban fabric.
The Role of “Scale” on the Acceleration of Social Interaction in Urban Spaces
1 * Dr. Kaveh Hajialiakbari Image result for research orcid , 2 Dr. Mohammad Zare Image result for research orcid ,
3 Mitra Karimi Image result for research orcid
1 Shahid Beheshti University, Faculty of Architecture and urbanism, Tehran, Iran
2 & 3 University of Tehran, Faculty of Fine Arts, Tehran, Iran
1 E-mail: Kaveh.haa@gmail.com , 2 E-mail: zare.md@ut.ac.ir ,
3 E-mail: mitrakarimi@modares.ac.ir
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received: 8 March 2021
Revised: 25 July 2021
Accepted: 8 August 2021
Available online: 18 August 2021
Keywords:
Urban Space;
Obsolescent Neighborhoods,
Social Interaction,
Evaluation Indicators,
Functional Scale.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
Rehabilitation projects are interventions that can lead to the transformation of the socio-spatial structure of obsolescent neighborhoods. The main intention of such projects is the creation and/or improvement of social interactions after physical and functional interventions. Urban Renewal Organization of Tehran (UROT) is tasked with identification of target obsolescent neighborhoods, preparation of neighborhood development plans and implementation of rehabilitation projects to improve the quality of space and stimulate social interactions. In this paper, three urban spaces in different scales (“micro” for neighborhoods, “meso” for local and “macro” for trans-local scales), designed and implemented by UROT, were selected as a case study. By designing and filling a questionnaire and after analyzing research findings, the effect of the scale of the urban project on different activities was evaluated based on the Gehl model. Overall, in the expanded model based on the scale of space, an inverse ratio between the scale of space and both optional selective and social activities has been revealed.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2022), 6(1), 59-68.
The document discusses three public squares in Turku, Finland - Vanha Suurtori, Varvintori, and Vähätori - located along the River Aura waterfront. It analyzes the publicness of the squares using a star model with 19 indicators across 5 themes: ownership, physical configuration, animation, control, and civility. Vanha Suurtori, an historic square near the cathedral, scored a medium publicness rating of 3.47. While publicly owned with no overt control, it sees little activity. The riverfront is considered Turku's most important public space but could be further activated through initiatives like an urban beach or water taxi. More study is needed on other squares' public
Towards the Egyptian Charter for Conservation of Cultural Heritages
1 Associate Professor Dr. Corinna Rossi , 2 * Sara Rabie
1 Department of Architecture and Urban Design, Faculty of Architecture, Politecnico di Milano Cairo, Milan, Italy
2 Department of Architecture and Urban Design, Faculty of Architecture, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
1 E-mail: corinna.rossi@polimi.it , 2 E-mail: sarah.rabie@guc.edu.eg
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 5 April 2021
Accepted 15 June 2021
Available online 25 June 2021
Keywords:
Cultural Heritages;
Conservation;
History;
Value;
Authenticity;
Europe;
Egypt.
ABSTRACT
The notion of “Cultural heritage” is quite modern compared to other humanistic fields developed in the last century. Conservation as a science has emerged and took shape during international conventions and treaties in many places in Europe and developed various frameworks to recognize the heritage and its value but based on “Eurocentric bias” criteria. The fact of sharing universal values and common practices during the age of globalization had a significant impact on conservation actions in contexts utterly different from western societies and don’t share the same historical or cultural dimensions. Therefore, this study traces the history of the evolution of conservation in the west from two perspectives; the historical one and the developing methodologies, and the philosophies behind the main theories in conservation. Cultural heritage is a reflection of the identity of the society and its past; thus, this study outlines the development of conservation practices in Egypt within the international approaches in a chronological order to investigate the social response and the impact of the political and cultural influence of the cultural consciousness of the society and the conservation actions in the Egyptian context. Furthermore, to investigate the contribution of international charters in developing national policies in Egypt.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(1), 101-111.
Determining the Position of Culture-Centered Design in Complementation of Urb...Parisa Aminsobhani
Modern society, according to a single linear view of modernity, is founded upon the concept of
progress in a linear trajectory; it has “backward” on the one side and “civilized, developed society” on
the other. According to this point of view, the societies, whether want it or not, having no choice
except moving away from backwardness towards progress and development. The overall rate of
societies’ civility and urbanization is measured on the extent to which they are similar to the first
developed cities in the world. However, the criticism made are that the legacy of the communities,
mostly formed by culture, is consciously or unconsciously deleted or overlooked through this
measurement. In order to compensate for the loss caused by modernity, the roles of designers as
the critics and promoters of modern perspective, become significant with regard to the profound
attention to culture. It takes a step towards experiencing and culture-making. The present paper has
been prepared based on the results from the research on environmental design project of River
Valley of Maqsood Beyk – Jafar Abad in Tajrish Square; and it aims to provide a procedure to
increase the cultural functions in the environment. The study indicates that the aesthetic and
symbolic functions are neglected in the regional environmental design; and at lower level, the
practical functions are seen as sufficient. Due to the profound attention to culture, the design studies
suggest the image analysis method and Kansei Engineering throughout the present research. The
case study on River Valley Maqsood Beyk – Jafar Abad shows that applying this method has been
successful in experiencing the design of products and environment and systematically leads the
designers’ mind to cultural considerations.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
An Analysis Of Move-Strategy Structure And Functions Of Informality In Philip...Dereck Downing
The document discusses the impact of displacement phenomena on landscape identity using Janet Stephenson's Cultural Values Model. The model categorizes landscape into three components: forms (visible elements), practices (behaviors/functions), and relationships (collective meanings). Nine case studies from around the world are analyzed that experienced major displacement to one of the three components. The analysis aims to understand how the components interact over time and how displacement impacts landscape identity. Key findings show regular patterns in how displacement affects the structural and intangible systems that create or destroy a landscape's identity, beyond spatial and historical contexts.
This document discusses ecocity elements in the traditional settlement of Kirtipur in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. It finds that many elements of modern ecocities were already present in traditional settlements like Kirtipur, such as compact development that preserves surrounding agricultural land and forests. Land use and settlement patterns in Kirtipur and other traditional towns maintained a balance between development and nature. However, urbanization pressures are threatening these ecocity elements as agricultural land is lost to development. The document analyzes ecocity elements in Kirtipur's land use and water management from ecological and sociocultural perspectives.
On 13 February 2017, the Urban Transformations programme, funded by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC), brought together a range of academics and practitioners from across Europe for a knowledge exchange event on urban living labs and smart cities. The University of Oxford convened the event, working with the European Regions Research & Innovation Network (ERRIN) and the workshop took place at one of ERRIN’s members, the Delegation of the Basque Country to the EU. This was the second in a series entitled Bridging European Urban Transformations established in partnership with the VUB (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) and its Brussels Centre for Urban Studies. In this post-Brexit era, cooperation across borders and disciplines seems more important than ever before. Consequently the series, which runs from November 2016 to October 2017, emphasises the value of connections between institutions and key players in the field of urban transformations in the UK and in the rest of Europe.
Investigating Factors and Practical Solutions in the Sense of Belonging for t...QUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: over recent decades, according to historical contexts in the worldwide cities has taken many forms. This movement in Iran has been less of dating. Damaged areas have potential for better use of original residents and other people out of context. This is possible by recognition of problems and challenges. Thus intervention to improve and modernize distressed areas in order to restore the balance of life in the area essential. This study is a qualitative and applied research. Yazd province as case study was chosen to determine factors affecting the design in accordance with originality and identity of the area, according to documents and maps derived from specific detailed plan worn texture of Yazd. Area with common characteristics (in terms of intervention type, Burnout, revitalization and renovation are categorized and studied. SWOT technique was used for data analysis. Finally, with respect to existing burnout and potential, solution is presented.
A B S T R A C T
Aesthetics as a discipline was originally part of philosophy and cosmology, primarily it was used to create a holistic picture of the world. Throughout history, subject and tasks of aesthetics as a discipline have been changing in different historical, cultural, religious and artistic discourses, nature and the beauty of objects intentionally produced by man, but doubts in division of aesthetic experiences in comparison to these variants of beauty. One of the cities where started to rebuild in North Iraq after the Saddam Hussein s regime was Erbil. This fact has evidently started to come out as a problem of urban conservation that results in the loss of architectural and social values of the historical settings. New building in a historical settlement is an urban conservation problem that forms out a methodology of analyzing and evaluating the existing built fabric with a typological study, making an interpretation of it commenting on the legal regulations and introducing new principles that are based on the synthesis of the past and today for providing historical continuity and preserving urban identity despite the continuous change. The study revealed that by using local and traditional elements in modern architecture there is a possibility to protect historical building.
Similar to Keeping the Pulse of Heritage Awareness in Ankara: Two Historic Sites, Two Interventions (20)
The Impact of Transit-Oriented Development on Fast-Urbanizing Cities: Applied analytical study on Greater Cairo Region
* 1 MS.c. Mohamed Kafrawy Image result for research orcid , 2 Professor Dr. Sahar Attia Image result for research orcid , 3 Professor Dr. Heba Allah Khalil Image result for research orcid
1, 2 &3 Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Egypt
1 E-mail: en.kafrawy@gmail.com , 2 E-mail: saharattia16@eng.cu.edu.eg , 3 E-mail: hebatallah.khalil@gmail.com
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received: 16 May 2021
Revised: 25 August 2021
Accepted: 27 August 2021
Available online: 8 September 2021
Keywords:
Transit-oriented Development;
Fast-Urbanizing cities;
Sustainable transportation;
Sustainable development;
Greater Cairo region.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
Transportation has always been the backbone of development. Transit-oriented development (TOD) has been theorized, piloted and expanded increasingly in the past few decades. In this regard, this paper investigates the relationship between urban development, the transportation process, and the required implementation guidelines within fast-urbanizing cities, such as Cairo. After reviewing different related sustainable development theories, the study investigates pioneering case studies that have applied TOD and provided adequate implementation frameworks. The authors then extract and compare a set of required policies. The current Egyptian development paradigm is then discussed in relation to these enabling policies, focusing on Greater Cairo Region, Egypt. The authors debate previous development plans, progress, and newly proposed ones, focusing on the transportation process as the means for development. The study concludes with a set of required guidelines to ensure the integration of transportation with land-use planning, thus ensuring a more prosperous and inclusive urban development.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2022), 6(1), 83-95.
Developing Design Criteria for Sustainable Urban Parks
* Dr. Didem Dizdaroğlu Image result for research orcid
Department of Urban Design and Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Art, Design, and Architecture, Bilkent University, Turkey
E-mail: dizdaroglu@bilkent.edu.tr
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received: 28 February 2021
Revised: 15 August 2021
Accepted: 19 August 2021
Available online: 30 August 2021
Keywords:
Sustainable Cities;
Urban Parks;
Green Spaces;
COVID-19;
Sustainable Design.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
This study investigates how urban parks can contribute to helping cities become more sustainable through developing a set of criteria for the sustainable design of urban parks. Today, there is no example around the world where all the proposed sustainable design criteria are applied together in a specific urban park. In this context, this study aims to make a novel contribution by systematically reviewing the literature on the sustainable design of urban parks. In the light of research findings, this study contributes to the implementation of a comprehensive sustainable park design practice in our cities in the future. These design criteria may further serve as performance indicators to offer information and know-how to local authorities, practitioners, communities, and other actors in this field to help them assess their success levels and progress over time.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2022), 6(1), 69-81.
Living Space Needs of Small Housing in the Post-Pandemic Era: Malaga as a case study
* Professor Dr. Carlos Rosa-Jiménez Image result for research orcid , B. Arch. Cristina Jaime-Segura Image result for research orcid
1 and 2 Institute for Habitat, Tourism, Territory, Edificio Ada Byron, Campus de Teatinos, 29071, University of
Malaga, Malaga, Spain.
1 E-mail: cjrosa@uma.es , 2 E-mail: jscristina@uma.es
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received: 18 June 2021
Revised: 3 August 2021
Accepted: 10 August 2021
Available online: 14 August 2021
Keywords:
Architectural Design;
Lockdown;
Post-Covid City;
Remote Working;
Terraces;
Hygienism.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
The COVID-19 lockdown period has highlighted the ability of housing to accommodate a comprehensive programme typical of the city and its public space. Housing units of under 60 m2 and in blocks of flats are the more vulnerable, as they have a higher percentage of non-community open spaces. That problem was analysed using a methodology based on psychological, urban planning and architectural indicators applied to two coastal cities in the Mediterranean area of southern Spain. The results highlight three aspects in this type of dwelling: the need to consider the orientation of the housing to improve the quality of indoor and outdoor space; the need in public housing policies for a greater number of rooms to facilitate remote working; and finally, the importance of functional terraces overlooking green areas.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2022), 6(1), 51-58.
Mathematical Model Applied to Green Building Concept for Sustainable Cities Under Climate Change
1 Professor Dr. Md. Haider Ali Biswas Image result for research orcid , 2* M.Sc. Pinky Rani DeyImage result for research orcid
3 Asst. Prof. Md. Sirajul Islam Image result for research orcid , 4 M.Sc. Sajib Mandal Image result for research orcid
1 Mathematics Discipline, Science Engineering and Technology School, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh
2, 3 & 4 Department of Mathematics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj-8100, Bangladesh
E-mail 1: mhabiswas@gmail.com , E-mail 2: pinkydey.math@gmail.com
E-mail 3: sirajulku@gmail.com , E-mail 4: sajibmandal1997@gmail.com
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received: 20 May 2021
Revised: 25 July 2021
Accepted: 11 August 2021
Available online 16 August 2021
Keywords:
Green Building;
Sustainable Cities;
Climate Change;
Mathematical Model;
Numerical Simulations.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
Recently the effect of greenhouse gases (GHGs) is worldwide terrified anxiety to the public and scholars. Even this global problem is one of the great issues that continuously makes worrying the governments and environmentalists, but its solution findings are not out of the image at all. In this study, we have proposed and analysed a mathematical model for the solvable management of GHGs by sowing the seeds of green building dynamic systems. Moreover, in the model, the human community is used to enhance the production power of individuals of green buildings by absorbing the GHGs. The model is analysed by stability analysis at the equilibrium points: trivial and global equilibrium, and also by convincing the stability and instability of the system of equations. The behaviour of the propound model has been developed by numerical simulations which shows the rate of the fruitfulness of GHG components.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2022), 6(1), 36-50.
Sustainable Construction for Affordable Housing Program in Kabul
1 MSc. Mohammadullah Hakim Ebrahimi Image result for research orcid , 2* Professor Dr. Philippe Devillers Image result for research orcid
3 Professor Dr. Éric Garcia-Diaz Image result for research orcid
1 Construction Faculty, Kabul Polytechnic University, Afghanistan
2 LIFAM, École Nationale Supérieure d’Architecture de Montpellier, France
3 LMGC, IMT Mines Ales, University of Montpellier, CNRS, France
E-mail 1: M.HEbrahimi@kpu.edu.af , E-mail 2: Philippe.devillers@montpellier.archi.fr
E-mail 3: eric.garcia-diaz@mines-ales.fr
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received: 13 April 2021
Revised: 18 July 2021
Accepted: 6 August 2021
Available online 17 August 2021
Keywords:
Earth Construction;
Local Materials;
Sun-Dried Brick;
Compressive Earth Block;
Stabilization;
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
Afghanistan has suffered from four decades of war, causing a massive migration of the rural population to the cities. Kabul was originally designed for 1,5 million people, whereas there are now 5 million in the city. The importation of modern western styles housing for rapid reconstruction reveals apparent cultural conflict and a significant environmental footprint. The new drive for sustainable reconstruction should consider the use of local materials combined with modern technologies. Earthen architecture underlies the embodiment of Afghan architecture. This research aims to revisit traditional Afghan earthen construction with the tools of industrial modernity. The three soils of the Kabul region are first characterized. Sun-dried mud brick and compressive earth block, with and without stabilization have been prepared and tested in the laboratory to develop the most suitable earth construction element which is cost-effective and easily available compared to imported modern products.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2022), 6(1), 23-35.
Sustainability of Tourism Development in the city of Ain-Sukhna, Egypt
* Professor Dr. Yasser Mahgoub Image result for research orcid
Faculty of Architecture, Galala University, Egypt
E-mail: ymahgoub@gu.edu.eg
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 18 June 2021
Accepted 5 August 2021
Available online 14 August 2021
Keywords:
Coastal Tourism;
Sustainable Development;
Cultural Resource;
Ain-Sukhna;
Galala City.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
Tourism is a major economic source for Egypt, due to its significant natural and cultural attractions. Yet, rapid development and construction of touristic facilities have a negative impact on the fragile natural and cultural heritage. This paper studies the recent touristic developments of the coastal stretch of Ain-Sukhna on the Red Sea coastal region of Galala Mountain, and their impact on the surrounding natural and cultural attractions. Coral reefs and rich marine life have made this stretch among the prime fishing and scuba diving destinations in the world. The area is also famous for its year-round sunny beaches and the spectacular coastal scenic drive where Galala Mountain reaches the Red Sea. Recently, development has started on the mountains following the construction of Galala Mountain Road. Galala City started with Galala University and several residential, touristic, and commercial facilities. This paper studies the pattern of development in the area during the past 40 years and assesses its impact on natural and cultural resources.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2022), 6(1), 13-22.
This document summarizes a research paper that examines heritage interpretation practices in Colombo, Sri Lanka and argues for a more inclusive approach. It discusses how current practices in Colombo prioritize potential market values by converting colonial buildings into luxury spaces, displacing communities and failing to engage diverse groups. This has degraded the city's liveability. The document calls for heritage interpretation that facilitates constructive dialogue about the past to change attitudes, strengthen social cohesion, and foster sustainable protection and development of the urban heritage.
Heritage Preservation as Strategy for Recomposing Conflict Territories
Prof. Dr. José Manuel Pagés Madrigal Image result for research orcid
Architecture & Urban Design, German University in Cairo, Egypt
E-mail: jose.madrigal@guc.edu.eg
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 18 May 2021
Accepted 20 October 2021
Available online 29 October 2021
Keywords:
Conflict territories;
Heritage Preservation;
Cultural heritage;
Reconstruction;
Cyprus;
Kosovo.
ABSTRACT
Heritage admits diverse readings depending on different territorial spaces, contexts, and knowledge fields. The relation between Heritage and the social contexts is one of these knowledge areas. But Heritage accepts a dual perception as a cultural reflection. It may be considered either as the origins of the conflicts or the engine for recomposing disrupted territories. The paper proposes a reflection on the topics related to conflict territories and the roles currently played by Cultural Heritage. The recomposition of conflict territories is based on a continuous intercultural approach with important contributions from human rights, genders equality, intercultural dialogue perspectives and the fact of taking heritage as a territorial stabilization factor. The paper presents specific practical cases in the Eastern Mediterranean region where actions on Heritage religious elements collide with the national sovereign of the respective current countries. A comparative study among these different actions proves that the initial clashes can be progressively transformed into strategies able to become the future guideline for the resolution of heritage regional conflicts. These conflicts reflect two discourses: political (with strong links between national identity and religion) and scientific (with a clash between static concept and dynamic vision) where objects interact with the visitors.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(2), 252-264.
Investigating Built Environment Indicators to Develop a Local Walkability Index
* 1 B.Sc. Menna Tarek Image result for research orcid , 2 Prof. Dr. Ghada Farouk Hassan Image result for research orcid
3 Prof. Dr. Abeer Elshater Image result for research orcid , 4 Dr. Mohamed Elfayoumi Image result for research orcid
1, 2, 3 and 4 Ain Shams University, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo, Egypt.
E-mail 1: menna.tarek@eng.asu.edu.eg , E-mail 2: Ghadafhassan@eng.asu.edu.eg
E-mail 3: abeer.elshater@eng.asu.edu.eg , E-mail 4: m_fayoumi@eng.asu.edu.eg
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 8 June 2021
Accepted 20 August 2021
Available online 29 August 2021
Keywords:
Local Walkability Index;
Pedestrian Walking Behaviour;
Urban Design;
Mixed-use Street,
Cairo.
ABSTRACT
Many studies have been conducted over the last 20 years to determine and measure factors that affect the walkability of city streets. Walkability is an essential factor in deciding whether a city is green or sustainable. This paper creates a comprehensive walkability index by analysing built environmental indicators that affect walkability. This research was conducted on mixed land use streets in Cairo, Egypt, combining the results from an online survey and a walkability assessment model developed by multi-criteria decision analysis techniques. The results were based on a three-pillar approach starting with the theoretical background to frame the walkability indicator, numerical assessment over the Egyptian cases using a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) technique and a qualitative user perception survey. Our results confirm that determining to what extent Cairo’s streets are walkable is crucial to enhancing pedestrians’ perceptions of the walking environment. Furthermore, the results illustrated the essential factors within the built environment indicators that influence pedestrian walking behaviour.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(2), 235-251.
Liveability Dimensions in New Town Developments: An Overview of Senri New Town and Purbachal New Town
* 1 M. Eng. Tahmina Rahman Image result for research orcid , 2 Dr. Md. Nawrose Fatemi Image result for research orcid
1 Division of Global Architecture, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
2 Department of Architecture, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh
E-mail 1: ar.tahminarahman@gmail.com , E-mail 2: nawrose@uap-bd.edu
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 20 April 2021
Accepted 10 August 2021
Available online 15 August 2021
Keywords:
Dimensions of Liveability;
New Town Development;
Satellite Townships;
Osaka;
Dhaka.
ABSTRACT
Since the 1960s, new town developments within large metropolises have been widely adopted to decongest the city centres, especially in Asian cities. This paper provides a brief account of the liveability dimensions of two new townships developed in large metropolitan areas: Senri New Town in Osaka and Purbachal New Town in Dhaka. The study primarily draws on master plans of the two developments to identify how the components of the plans reflect the physical, social, functional and safety dimensions of a proposed liveability framework. The methodology combines a review of masters plans with scholarly and grey literature on the two new town developments. The findings show while the social and functional dimensions are integrated with Senri New Town; Purbachal New Town, though more recent, appears to have missed opportunities for diversifying density, social mix and mass transit. The paper concludes that the comparative case, Senri-New Town provides insights on how public-private people participation can leverage citizen-centred design for more liveable residential living environments in developing cities.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(2), 221-233.
Monitoring and Landscape Quantification of Uncontrolled Urbanisation in Oasis Regions: The Case of Adrar City in Algeria
* 1 Dr. Assoule Dechaicha Image result for research orcid , 2 Assist. Prof. Adel Daikh Image result for research orcid , 3 Prof. Dr. Djamel Alkama Image result for research orcid
1, 2 and 3 Department of Architecture, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, 8 May 1945 University, Guelma, Algeria
E-mail 2: dechaicha.assoul@univ-guelma.dz , E-mail 1: alkama.djamel@univ-guelma.dz
E-mail 3: daikh.adel@univ-guelma.dz
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 20 March 2021
Accepted 25 July 2021
Available online 12 August 2021
Keywords:
Uncontrolled Urbanisation,
Satellite Images,
Landscape Metrics,
Palm groves,
Oasis Ecosystem.
ABSTRACT
Nowadays, uncontrolled urbanisation is one of the major problems facing Algerian oasis regions. The monitoring and evaluation of its landscape transformations remain a key step for any oasis sustainability project. This study highlights the evolution of spatial growth in the city of Adrar in southern Algeria during the period 1986-2016 by establishing a Spatio-temporal mapping and landscape quantification. The methodological approach is based on a multi-temporal analysis of Landsat satellite images for 1986, 1996, 2006 and 2016, and the application of landscape metrics. The results show two opposite spatial trends: significant growth of built-up areas against an excessive loss of palm groves. The landscape metrics allowed the identification of a progressive fragmentation process characterising the palm groves. Thus, the findings of this study show the utility of satellite imagery and landscape metrics approach for monitoring urbanisation patterns and assessing their impacts on oasis ecosystems.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(2), 209-219.
The Impacts of Urban Morphology on Housing Indoor Thermal Condition in Hoi An City, Vietnam
1 * M.A. Thien Huong Luu Image result for research orcid, 2 Dr. Juan-Carlos Rojas-Arias Image result for research orcid, 3 Dr. Dominique Laffly Image result for research orcid
1and 2 Laboratory of Research in Architecture (LRA), National School of Architecture of Toulouse, France
3 University of Toulouse-Jean Jaurès, France
E-mail 1: thien-huong.luu@toulouse.archi.fr , E-mail 2: juan-carlos.rojas-arias@toulouse.archi.fr ,
E-mail 3: dominique.laffly@gmail.com
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 20 July 2020
Accepted 25 August 2020
Available online 14 September 2020
Keywords:
Urban Morphology;
Indoor Thermal Condition; Ancient Town;
Vernacular House;
Modern Terraced House.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
Assessing the impact of urban morphology on the indoor thermal condition of housing in a tourism city in central Vietnam — Hoi An City is the main objective of this study. The research process is carried out by a variety of methods including in situ surveys, measuring with temperature sensors, data analysis and map analysis. Four houses, located in two areas with different urban forms, were selected for measurement within one month to investigate the differences in housing indoor temperature. The impact of urban morphology on housing was thereafter determined. Temperature sensors were permanently installed in 4 houses; based on these empirical measurements and data collected, the paper addresses solutions to improve urban morphology and indoor thermal condition.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(2), 183-196.
E-participatory Approaches in Urban Design
* 1 Araf Öykü Türken Image result for research orcid, 2 Assoc. Prof. Dr Engin Eyüp Eyuboğlu Image result for research orcid
1 Department of City and Regional Planning, Faculty of Architecture, Yildiz Technical University, Turkey
2 Department of City and Regional Planning, Faculty of Architecture, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
Email 1: araf.turken@gmail.com, Email 2: eyuboglu@itu.edu.tr
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 9 June 2020
Accepted 20 Augustus 2020
Available online 8 September 2020
Keywords:
E-participation;
Public Participation;
Urban Design.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
The phenomenon of planning involving citizen’s participation in planning literature has been from the second half of the 20th century. Indeed, different methods and techniques have been used in the process. However, participatory practices are time-consuming and negotiations are tiresome. Accordingly, the integration of developing digital technologies into participatory processes has been seen as a potential to reach large audiences and provide time-space independence. Within the scope of this research, a detailed literature review was done regarding e-participation, and ten (10) examples representing the upper levels at the ladder of participation were examined within the context of the project, participation, and socio-technical criteria. SWOT analyzes were structured by grouping similar applications, and current trends for the use of e-participation in urban design have been revealed. The analysis showed that citizens e participation- participation tend to allow citizen design or location-based interaction, playful interfaces and game elements which can be sources for encouragement.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(2), 169-182.
This document provides a book review that summarizes the key ideas from the book "Smart City Citizenship". The review discusses 9 intertwined ideas presented in the book: 1) deconstructing extractivist data models, 2) unplugging from constant online connectivity, 3) deciphering alternative approaches to smart cities, 4) democratizing stakeholder representation, 5) moving beyond mechanistic replication of projects, 6) devolving data back to citizens, 7) commoning data and decision making, 8) protecting digital rights through data institutions, and 9) resetting approaches with citizens in control. The review analyzes case studies of different city-regions and their approaches to data governance.
Enhancing Security in Affordable Housing: The Case of Prince Fawaz Project
Professor Dr. Maged Attia Image result for research orcid
Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Planning, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA
Email: mattia@kau.edu.sa
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 9 March 2021
Accepted 15 May 2021
Available online 30 May 2021
Keywords:
Environmental crime;
Enhancing security;
Crime rates;
Prince Fawaz project;
Saudi Arabia.
ABSTRACT
The present study argues that the urban form of affordable housing projects affects safety and security. The study examines the level of safety and security in the Prince Fawaz project proposing recommendations that enhance it. Theories and approaches concerned with the environmental crime are initially reviewed. Then, urban and architectural features as well as crime rates and patterns are documented. Also, trace and behaviour observations are carried out. The observations monitored urban features and behaviours associated with crime or fear of crime. Residents’ perception for security and fear of crime is extracted through a questionnaire. A Space Syntax is processed and linked with the questionnaire and observation outputs. Observations demonstrate a semblance of fear of crime which is supported by records of car and home theft. Although the questionnaire reflects a suitable level of security, it points to peripheral spaces and areas around mosques and shops as the less secure. However, enhancing security in the Prince Fawaz project requires urban interventions including controlling access to peripheral spaces, reviving areas detected to be unsafe, repositioning elements causing visual obstacles and enhancing appearance by vegetation and sustainable maintenance. Besides, reformulating the movement network so that an appropriate integration between residents and strangers is achieved. On the conceptual level, the study proves that none of the theories of environmental crime can act as a comprehensive approach; but each can partly work.
This article is an open access
article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license
C:\Users\Hourakhsh\Desktop\CC_By_2020_licnece1.jpg
This article is published with open access at www.ijcua.com
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(1), 85-100.
Urban Land-use and Traffic Congestion: Mapping the Interaction
1 * Ph.D. Candidate James Kanyepe Image result for research orcid, 2 Prof. Dr. Marian Tukuta Image result for research orcid, 3 Prof. Dr. Innocent Chirisa Image result for research orcid
1 and 2 Department of Supply Chain Management, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Zimbabwe
3 Department of Demography Settlement & Development, University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe
E-mail 1: jameskanyepe@gmail.com, E-mail 2: paidamoyo2016@gmail.com
E-mail 3: innocent.chirisa@gmail.com
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 25 October 2020
Accepted 15 December 2020
Available online 19 December 2020
Keywords:
Land-Use;
Peak Hour;
Traffic Congestion;
Transport;
Travel Patterns;
Travel Behavior.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
The interaction between transport, land-uses and travel patterns produce diverse transportation problems in urban cities with traffic congestion as the most visible manifestation. Traffic congestion is a frequent phenomenon in most cities around the globe. This paper reviews the interaction between land-use traffic congestion through published literature. The objective of this study is to encourage and provide researchers with future research directions in land-use and traffic congestion. For this purpose, a systematic review was performed analysing 45 articles from the year 2010 to 2020 using a descriptive approach. Subsequently, the results of the study show that although the interaction between land-use and traffic congestion has gained currency in developed countries far less is known on this subject in developing parts of the world, though new evidence is steadily accumulating. Consequently, limitations of this work are presented, opportunities are identified for future lines of research. Finally, the conclusion confirms the need for further research addressing the methodological concerns.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(1), 77-84.
SIMURG_CITIES: Meta-Analysis for KPI's of Layer-Based Approach in Sustainability Assessment
1 * PhD Candidate. Burcu Ülker Image result for research orcid, 2 Prof. Dr. Alaattin Kanoğlu Image result for research orcid, 3 Prof. Dr. Özlem Özçevik Image result for research orcid
1 Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture, Kırklareli University, Turkey
2 Department of Architecture, Faculty of Art, Design and Architecture, Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Turkey
3 Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Faculty of Architecture, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
E-mail 1: burcuulker@klu.edu.tr, E-mail 2: alaattin.kanoglu@alanya.edu.tr
E-mail 3: ozceviko@itu.edu.tr
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 6 March 2020
Accepted 20 June 2020
Available online 5 July 2020
Keywords:
SIMURG_CITIES;
Performance-Based Design and Building;
Competitiveness;
Competition by Design;
Innovativeness;
Interoperability; KPIs;
Sustainability; Smart Cities;
Meta-Analysis.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
“SIMURG_CITIES” is the research and development project that is developed under the main project named SIMURG: “A performance-based and Sustainability-oriented Integration Model Using Relational database architecture to increase Global competitiveness of Turkish construction industry in industry 5.0 era”, is a relational database model that is currently being developed in a dissertation for performance-based development and assessment of sustainable and sophisticated solutions for the built environment. This study aims to analyze the key performance indicators (KPIs) at «Cities Level» for the smart city concept that is referred to as «Layers» in the master project. KPIs for the concept of a smart city are determined by using the meta-analysis technique. Hence, the three most reputable urban journals issued from 2017 through 2020 are reviewed in this study. In addition to this, models of smart city frameworks/assessment tools/KPIs are reviewed within the context of this paper; environment, economy, and governance were found to have domain themes on urban sustainability according to the literature review. Consequently, efficient and integrated urban management, environmental monitoring and management, public and social services of urban development, and sustainability are found to be the most important dimensions in urban and regional planning. SIMURG_CITIES evaluation models for urban projects can use the findings of this paper.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(1), 59-76.
Model Cities for Resilience: Climate-led Initiatives
* Dr. Didem Gunes Yilmaz Image result for research orcid
Department of Architecture, Faculty of Architecture and Design, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Yıldırım Kampüsü, 152 Evler Mah., Eğitim Cd. No:85, Turkey
Email: didem.yilmaz@btu.edu.tr
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 18 February 2020
Accepted 20 July 2020
Available online 25 July 2020
Keywords:
Climate Change;
Sustainable Cities;
Sponge Cities;
Cities and Natural Disasters;
Cities and Climate Actions.
ABSTRACT D:\My Journal\papers\Vol 4 ISSUE 1\1 senem sadri Turkey\check for updates2020ijcua.tif
Paris Agreement of December 2015 was the last official initiative led by the United Nations (UN) as the driver of climate change mitigation. Climate change was hence linked with an increase in the occurrence of natural hazards. A variety of initiatives were consequently adopted under different themes such as sustainable cities, climate-friendly development, and low-carbon cities. However, most of the initiatives targeted by global cities with urban areas being the focus in terms of taking action against global warming issues. This is due to the structural and environmental features of cities characterized by being populated, as such, they not only generate a large number of carbon emissions but also happens to be the biggest consumer of natural resources. In turn, they create a microclimate, which contributes to climate change. Masdar City, for example, was designed as the first fully sustainable urban area, which replaced fuel-based energy with electric-based energy. China, as another example, introduced the Sponge Cities action, a method of urban water management to mitigate against flooding. Consequently, architects and urban planners are urged to conform to the proposals that would mitigate global warming. This paper, as a result, examines some of the models that have been internationally adopted and thereafter provide recommendations that can be implemented in large urban areas in Turkey, primarily in Istanbul.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(1), 47-58.
This document summarizes a research article that assessed the relationship between urbanization, housing quality, and health in Nigeria. The study examined indoor air quality in homes in Bauchi, Nigeria by measuring carbon dioxide and particulate matter levels. It found that particulate matter levels exceeded World Health Organization safety standards. Certain building characteristics were also found to be associated with some illnesses. The study concluded that housing characteristics should be targeted in public health interventions to improve urban housing quality and health in Nigeria. It recommended that housing provision should focus more on quality in addition to just quantity.
Mediterranean Morphologies in Hot Summer
Conditions: Learning from France’s “Glorious
Thirty” Holiday Housing
* 1 M.Sc. Marjan Sansen , 2 Dr. Andrés Martínez , 3 Dr. Philippe Devillers 1,2 and 3 Montpellier National School of Architecture, France
1 Email: marjan.sansen@montpellier.archi.fr , 2 E mail: andres@andresmartinez.es 3 Email: philippe.devillers@montpellier.archi.fr
ARTICLE INFO:
Article History:
Received 5 May 2020 Accepted 7 June 2020 Available online 1 July 2020
Keywords:
Morphology; Mediterranean; Environmental Assessment; Additive Architecture; Holiday Housing.
ABSTRACT
Climate change and rising temperatures lead to an air-conditioning proliferation in the summertime of the Mediterranean regions. This study links urban morphology to the microclimate. It claims that a lesson can be drawn from holiday housing morphologies designed with an additive approach during the “Glorious Thirty” French coastal development (1946- 75). It is based on a morphological analysis of four case studies, with on the one hand re-drawing and site visiting, on the other hand, assessment of environmental performance through key parameters: Absolute Rugosity, Compactness Ratio, Building Density, Mineralization, Sky View Factor (SVF) and Height/Width (H/W) Ratio. Compared to literature reference values of a traditional courtyard morphology, the case studies are less compact and with a lower H/W Ratio (higher SVF), but they are less mineral than a historic medieval city centre. This research contributes to the search for semi- collective alternatives (for example additive morphologies) to individual housing in peri-urban areas, with high environmental performance in the summertime.
JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS (2021), 5(1), 19-34.
More from Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs (20)
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...Advanced-Concepts-Team
Presentation in the Science Coffee of the Advanced Concepts Team of the European Space Agency on the 07.06.2024.
Speaker: Diego Blas (IFAE/ICREA)
Title: Gravitational wave detection with orbital motion of Moon and artificial
Abstract:
In this talk I will describe some recent ideas to find gravitational waves from supermassive black holes or of primordial origin by studying their secular effect on the orbital motion of the Moon or satellites that are laser ranged.
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptxPRIYANKA PATEL
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
Or: Beyond linear.
Abstract: Equivariant neural networks are neural networks that incorporate symmetries. The nonlinear activation functions in these networks result in interesting nonlinear equivariant maps between simple representations, and motivate the key player of this talk: piecewise linear representation theory.
Disclaimer: No one is perfect, so please mind that there might be mistakes and typos.
dtubbenhauer@gmail.com
Corrected slides: dtubbenhauer.com/talks.html
The cost of acquiring information by natural selectionCarl Bergstrom
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...Leonel Morgado
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...Leonel Morgado
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skills
PPT on Direct Seeded Rice presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
2. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS, 3(2), 63-72 / 2019
Dr. Ece Kumkale Açıkgöz 64
the reasoning behind the HUL approach in
which the responsible awareness of the people
living in that specific cultural landscape. This
study explores the question why and how the
interrupted urban integrity can be dangerous
for the heritage objects in a cultural landscape
on the example of Ankara.
This study explores Ankara’s historic integrity
through the final intervention applied in the
Hergelen Square through the framework of the
HUL approach, and considers its survey
outcomes together with a previous survey on
the public perception of the heritage value of
another historic site in the same district. These
two sites have been subject to similar scales of
interventions recently that represent a greater
scale of transformation together. Given the HUL
based role of local communities on urban
preservation of a city’s historic integrity, this
study is based on the research question that
asks whether the social awareness of and
responsibility for cultural heritage preservation
in the Historic Urban Landscape (HUL) of
Ankara is affected by major transformative
interventions in its historic sites. An indicator for
this affection is the responses of the public to
these interventions.
On a search for how these interventions are
conceived by the public, it is possible to come
across with the declarations of academics or
institutions representing the experts of urban
planning and/or architecture as reactions
against the illegality of these interventions, their
effects and consequences. On the contrary, a
majority of the public press and declarations of
local authorities have a completely different
discourse about the way they comprehend the
transformed environments. Therefore, the
polarity in-between these two opposing
perceptions makes it necessary to research on
the actual comprehension of the public for the
causes and effects of these interventions. The
public has a shared memory of these sites
under transformation embracing their pasts,
ongoing transformative interventions that they
were subject to and these two opposing
perceptions on these interventions. Hence, the
current perception of the public may provide
an insight about how these interventions might
change the way HULs are conceived by the
local public.
The questions that arise from this need are
threefold. The first asks whether the residents of
Ankara valued a former intervention in
Hergelen Square as a part of their cultural
perception for the city. The second question
asks what consequences the former
disintegrated solutions have for today’s citizens.
And the third one asks whether a comparison
of the outcomes of the independent surveys on
the public perception of the historicity of two
different parts of the HUL of Ankara display a
common indication about the effects of
interventions in the public awareness for
cultural heritage. In order to achieve the
required answers, a public survey on the
Hergelen (İtfaiye) Square in Ankara was
applied based on its shared memory among
Ankara’s residents and their conceptions about
the recent transformations. The results of the
survey were considered together with a
previous study on the cult historic site of
Hacıbayram Square and the public perception
of the recent transformations applied on it.
2. The problem of interrupted urban
integrity
Problem of interrupted urban integrity is
expressed by Ripp and Rodwell (2016) as the
condition of destroyed systemic properties,
where the system is divided into isolated
objects or concepts. This isolation is a result of
leaving the responsibility of having a
perception for heritage protection to a very
limited community of experts. It also means the
dissolution of the links between heritage
objects and the contexts that renders them as
meaningful parts of an integrated whole. As
Ripp and Rodwell (2016) suggest, urban
heritage is meaningful by way of its interaction
with people and people may not assume
responsibility on individual objects of heritage
like buildings which do not have a meaningful
integration with today’s communities. Inversely,
when an object is a meaningful part of the
urban landscape, this responsibility reveals
public action. As Myolland and Grahn (2012)
put it, when the objects of a cultural landscape
are not formally listed as heritage, preservation
of cultural heritage is often handled by the
voluntary actions of the local communities. The
role of public on heritage protection is
connected with the meaningful integration of
the heritage with its community. According to
Harvey (2001) heritage is the long term
development of its society and it is a societies
relationship with its past that determines the
focus of what to research on its heritage
(Harvey, 2001, p.320). It is explained with the
value system of a community, where heritage is
the object of which. Especially for today, urban
communities are not stable, nor can their value
systems be. This has reflections with the cities
that the communities interact, and as Bandarin
and van Oers (2012) explain the natural
change in a city can be through its adaptation
3. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS, 3(2), 63-72 / 2019
Dr. Ece Kumkale Açıkgöz 65
to the evolution of social structures and needs
which also determine the limits of acceptable
change. According to them, the historic city
expresses social values that keep the
“collective identity and memory, helping to
maintain a sense of continuity” (Bandarin and
van Oers, 2012).
Van Oers (2010) asserts that the significance
attained to cultural heritage is open to change
with the diverging multiplicity of the societies,
which makes it necessary for the societies to
make progressive redefinitions of their value
systems, if what they value needs to be
protected. The urban disintegration could also
be a consequence of the challenges in the
global, regional or local scales like
demographic changes within the society
resulting from migration (Ripp and Rodwell,
2016). As Bandarin and van Oers, (2012) state,
in the 20th century, urban community was
diversified with the addition of multiple
communities, which resulted in a
reinterpretation of the values of the historic city.
Regarding the management of urban
conservation, the authors suggest that, which
values to preserve for the integrity of urban
landscape should be decided through the
collaboration of the communities of users and
experts (Bandarin and van Oers, 2012; 68).
According to Ripp and Rodwell (2016) the
share of responsibility for heritage protection
among the experts and local community
should be maintained by moderators who
follow the changes in what the community
values.
3. The HUL approach and community
engagement
This is a view shift in the understanding of urban
conservation, which also includes the
conservation of architectural heritage as part
of a complete cultural landscape,
predominantly including the active
participation of the community for explicating
and reinterpreting their transforming value
systems. It is the Historic Urban Landscape (HUL)
approach, which appears as the most recent
form of understanding that has emerged on
the perceived need for an urban
management, which is truly integrated with the
preservation issues (Turner and Tomer, 2013).
Accordign to Zeayter and Mansour (2017, 12)
the HUL approach is capable of providing
awareness of the public for taking part in the
management of urban conservation plans.
Taylor suggests (2016) that the HUL paradigm is
an approach, through which we can see cities
as the reflectors of the values and belief
systems of their communities.
The HUL approach is based on two important
achievements in the definition of the
relationship of historicity with the city, by the
international community of conservation. One
of the origins of the discussion was the
decisions adopted by the UNESCO World
Heritage Committee in 2003 and the other one
which proceeded the approach further was
the Vienna Memorandum in 2005 (Bandarin
and van Oers, 2012). According to Ripp and
Rodwell (2016) the first signs of the HUL
approach dates back to the 1975 Council of
Europe Euroean Charter which was when the
integrated conservation came into agenda
together with the recognition that architectural
heritage should be considered in urban and
regional planning. Basically, it is a change in
the way conservation is conceived not in
isolation with the “objects of the monuments”,
but together with the “subjects of the living
cities” (Turner and Tomer, 2013).
The goal of the HUL approach has been
discussed as achieving sustainable urban
environments (Bandarin and van Oers, 2012),
but according to Ripp and Rodwell (2016),
recently there is a greater emphasis on urban
resilience. The authors describe the “systems
approach” in which, problems are viewed as
parts of a single overall system and not in
isolation. As they explain, compared to the
sustainability approach, resilience is more
complex, more dynamic and requires being
flexible to change without leaving the overall
system and it can also empower communities
(Ripp and Rodwell, 2016).
The HUL identifies the community of an urban
cultural landscape as the primary stakeholder
and states that their engagement in the
management of urban heritage is crucial as
they will be affected by that management
(Bandarin and van Oers, 2012, 155). As Taylor
(2016, 474) states, in the HUL approach, the
concern is particularly based on understanding
the role of people who live in and experience
the urban places, which results in its definition
as taking part in the discussions on heritage
and participate in the planning and
management of the process. On summing up
the discussion on how urban heritage should
be managed, as one of the five goals of the
HUL approach, Bandarin and van Oers (2012,
193) express: “The reinforcement and the
empowerment of local communities in
identifying and taking part in the preservation
of heritage values within an open and
democratic process.” As (Turner and Tomer,
4. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS, 3(2), 63-72 / 2019
Dr. Ece Kumkale Açıkgöz 66
2013) express, one important aspect of the
definition for the HUL approach is the adoption
of historic cities as a layered structure of a
diversity of cultural expressions. Regarding the
problem of the multiplicity of values which may
have conflicting consequences, this diversity
may be a consequence of a divergent society
as that of Ankara, in which people from very
different backgrounds need their
representation to generate values for the
cultural landscape.
4. Disintegration in Hergelen Square
Hergelen square has a disconnected memory
resulting from different interventions taking
place in time. Currently it has a disintegrated
character interrupted by the traces and/or
effects of these interventions. Before explaining
and discussing the results of the survey carried
out in order to understand the community’s
value system and how they conceive the
integrity of the site, this section of the article
focuses on its definers and discusses the
reasons behind their failure in defining it.
Hergelen Square has a special place in the
urban memory of Ankara, which is visible in the
novels the stories of which are taking place in
Ankara like Oğuz Atay’s The Disconnected
(2017) (Tutunamayanlar), where you can read
that the name of the square was Opera Square
back then. The reason for this is that its place
was designed in the Jansen Plan of Ankara
(1935) for an opera building that has never
been built (Fig.1).
Figure 1: Partial view from the Jansen Plan (1932), taken
from Sözen, M. (1984).
The square was defined especially with the
eastern entrance of the Gençlik Park, planned
as a significant cultural spot on the Atatürk
Boulevard, the main north-south axis of the city
which is connecting the historic citadel on the
north end and presidents mansion on the south
end. On that main axis, the eastern boundary
of the huge urban park was defined with the
exhibition hall, which is currently the opera
building, facing the headquarters of the Bank
of Municipalities on the opposite side of the
boulevard, right next to the place that was
formerly called Opera Square and lately called
Hergelen Square. As Yılmaz (2006) states, the
Exhibition Hall, represented the achievements
of the new Republic, which means that the
gate of the Gençlik Park on the right side of the
exhibition hall had a specific importance. On
the East end of the square there is the
registered Gazi Highschool building designed
by Ernts Egli and completed in 1936. Since then,
the square has been subject to several
interventions and changes in terms of the social
values attained on it. For example, Atay, in his
aforementioned novel, displays the picture of
degeneration and shallowness of the square as
a “disgusting” representative of the country
(Gülsoy, 2009). Therefore before looking at the
current conceptions of the community about
the square, it is important to understand the
progress that it has been up to.
5. Former discussions about the site with
its surrounding definers:
5.1 Gençlik (Youth) Park:
As mentioned above the park was a part of
the Ankara City Plan by Jansen, and its
construction has started in 1938. At the
beginning, a noteworthy portion of the public
was not ready for the civilization level of the
Republic (Yılmaz, 2006), that was represented
with the clean and neat condition of the park.
This might have been the beginning of the
conflict between different portions of the
society, which was going to reach at its peaks
in the following times. As Yılmaz (2006) puts it,
after major changes in the economy politics of
Turkey in 1950’s, migration from rural to urban
areas accelerated. The increase of the rates of
migration to Ankara from the rural settlements
occurred simultaneously with the rest of the
World, which brought a different value system
with itself (Bandarin and van Oers, 2012). In this
period, the park has become a center of
amusement and recreation, which in the
second half of 1980’s hosted the peak point of
conflict arisen from the encounter of the old
users of Gençlik Park and those who have
migrated to Ankara before having
experienced a mid-class modernization
process (Yılmaz, 2006). Not being able deal
with the challenge brought by conflicting value
systems of the divergent society, resulted with
the abandonment on the spaces where that
conflict occurs. Bandarin and van Oers’s (2012)
express the function of city for its society: “In
the experience of the majority of modern
humans, cities represent the context of daily life
and activity.” After 1990’s until 2008 the park
5. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS, 3(2), 63-72 / 2019
Dr. Ece Kumkale Açıkgöz 67
was left as a neglected space, which also
neglected what it stood for: the importance of
daily social life (Fig.2).
Figure 2: Google Earth images of the park and Hergelen
square in 2002 (above) and (2017) below.
5.2 Bank of Municipalities:
The Bank of Municipalities founded to provide
financial support and management to
municipalities (Güler, 1996) had a significant
role on the establishment of the new modern
cities of the country. The Design principles of
the building require attention for the intention
to be an integral part of the new environment
that was going to be a long lasting
representative of the strength and values of the
new republic. It was a competition project won
by a modernist proposal by the architect Seyfi
Arkan in 1935 from out of 18 proposals (Acar, et
al., 2017), one of which belonged to Martin
Elsaesser (Aslanoğlu, 1986). According to
Aslanoğlu, with the Mendelsohn inspired
dynamism of continuous lines through semi-
cylindrical forms of entrances or corners, Arkan
designed his buildings with complete detailing
of interiors, gardens, and furniture. Given in
Acar et al.’s (2017) article on the demolition of
the Bank of Municipalities Building, Arkan’s
expressions on the reasoning behind the design
decisions for a plain and simple building was
that the focus of the environment should have
been kept on the opera building which was to
be built soon. As mentioned earlier, this site
spared to a future opera project would
become the Hergelen Square later.
Since the first rumors about the danger for its
demolition for the ongoing construction on the
Hergelen Square, until the day that it was
demolished, it’s historic, cultural, social,
heritage, and memory values were being
presented and discussed by the specialists and
experts, in the social media and other media
that these specialists and experts could reach
(eg. Cengizkan, 2015). However, these
reactions did not take much place in the
public press until the day that the building was
demolished.
5.3 Hergelen Square and Hajek’s sculpture:
In 1986 a project competition for Ulus Historical
Centre was organized and the competition
winners Raci Bademli and his team’s proposal
for the site included a public square and a
statue to be built in front of Egli’s Gazi high
school. The site that was saved for an opera
building in Jansen’s plan was used by several
low rise buildings, until the Ulus rehabilitation
plan by Bademli was accepted. Concordant
with the HUL approach that foresees an
integrated cultural landscape, in his article on
the design of the square, he expresses the
necessity of community participation in the
preparation phases of urban development
projects (Bademli, 1993). In the same article he
expresses the story of the decision and creation
phases of the sculpture by Herbert von Hajek, in
front of the Gazi High School facing the square
that extends toward the train station axis
through Gençlik Park, to function as a
connector of the ancient past of Ankara
represented by the historic citadel with that
day’s Ankara (Fig.3). Regarding the design of
Hergelen Square, the intention behind the
renovation plan was a complete axis along the
train station, Gençlik Park, Hergelen Square,
Hajek’s Sculpture, architect Ernst Egli’s High
School Building, and the citadel (Bademli,
1993).
Figure 3: The plan sketch of the Rehabilitation Plan by Raci
Bademli and his team and Hajek’s sculpture after
completion (Bademli, 1993).
The square was used as car park for decades
while the sculpture neighbored an informal
market where the second hand goods were
sold. This is why Hajek’s sculpture could not be
a part of an urban integrity. The car park and
the market interrupted what that has been
planned in the renovation plan by Bademli and
his team, and the case with the abandoned
years of the Gençlik Park is not any different.
6. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS, 3(2), 63-72 / 2019
Dr. Ece Kumkale Açıkgöz 68
6. The intervention in the Square
Today there stands a Mosque on the square,
which looks like the mosques of the 15th
century Ottoman Empire, for which Hajek’s
sculpture and the registered building of the
Bank of Municipalities, two cultural entities that
intended to build cultural integration, were
demolished (Fig.4, Fig.5, Fig.6). The construction
of the mosque started in 2013 and completed
in 2017. The buildings around the site were
demolished so that the visibility of the mosque
would not be interrupted.
Figure 4: The Bank of Municipalities building in 1970’s
(Sözen, 1984) and in June 17th of 2017 (Interpress)
Figure 5: Google Earth images of the Hergelen square
including the places of the Bank of Municipalities and
Hajek’s sculpture in 2007 (above) and in (2017) below.
Figure 6: Views of the Hergelen Square from Gençlik Park in
2013 (on the left, the marks indicate the demolished TIKA
and Bank of Municipalities Buildings) and in 2017 (on the
right, the new mosque has been built).
The changes in the view from Gençlik Park,
which is a part of the axis that expands to the
citadel, displays the scale of the intervention in
Hergelen Square (Fig.7). The following part
focuses on the aforementioned questions
regarding the Square and its interrupted
integrity.
7. Methodology and Discussion
There are three questions that constituted the
focus of this research, which are:
● Do the residents of Ankara valued a
former intervention in Hergelen Square as a
part of their cultural perception for the city?
● What consequences do the former
disintegrated solutions have for today’s
citizens?
● Does a comparison of the outcomes of
the independent surveys on the public
perception of the historicity of two different
parts of the HUL of Ankara display a common
indication about the effects of interventions in
the public awareness for cultural heritage?
The study group was people who have been
residing in Ankara in the past or in present. An
online questionnaire was prepared and
distributed through the social media tools. A
total of 138 participants completed the
questionnaire, and among the questions a
Cronbach's Alpha level of 0,794 could be
achieved through the test of the
questionnaire’s reliability statistics. Although the
homogeneity levels are in acceptable rates,
because the asymptotic significance (2-tailed)
distribution values of the rates of importance
attained on the surrounding definers of
Hergelen Square and the educational levels of
the participants in the One-Sample
Kolmogorov-Smirnov test were lower than 0,05,
non-parametric methods were used to analyze
the data gathered from the questionnaire.
One important output that was necessary for
the study is the relation between the rate of
admiration of the interventions and the
educational level of the participants. In the
previous study on Hacıbayram Square,
regarding the effect on the historic site and
disintegration, a similar intervention was the
subject of discussion and the outputs of the
same question was significantly meaningful
while there was a strong negative correlation
between the rate of admiration and
educational level of the participants. Below is
the table displaying the results of the
nonparametric (spearman) correlation test
(Table 1).
Table 1. Spearman’s Correlation between the educational
level and the rate of admiring the final interventions among
the participants.
7. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS, 3(2), 63-72 / 2019
Dr. Ece Kumkale Açıkgöz 69
The correlation coefficient value on this table,
which is -0,266, indicates that there is a
negative correlation between the rate of
admiration and educational level of the
participants, which is a similar result with the
survey carried out for the Hacıbayram Square.
This negative correlation is significant at the
0,01 level. This test does not indicate a cause
effect relationship between the two variables,
however, it is possible to interpret this result that
the less educated people are less questioning
than the educated; or the less educated do
not feel represented by the experts who
constantly object to the actions taken by the
government on reshaping the built
environment, as the experts too are well
educated people. In order to achieve a
healthier outcome, the effects of other
variables on the rate of admiring the last
intervention should be considered. When the
same test was run with the control variable of
‘age interval’, the correlation coefficient
increased to -0,236, which indicated that age
of the participants has an effect in the way
they think about the intervention. Similarly, with
a correlation coefficient value of -0,285, the
control variable ‘visiting frequency of Hergelen
Square’ proved to be effective for the rate of
admiration of the final intervention.
In Hacıbayram square the most significant
output was the admiration of the public for the
intervention on the site. The reason is that the
site has a cult character that is mostly defined
by its heritage value rather than the definition
or design motive behind the intervention. In the
case of Hergelen square however, the heritage
monuments are representing an urban integrity
that has been planned to be based on a
shared value system from scratch. Therefore
people’s appreciation of these monuments as
parts of a cultural integrity also requires a major
attention. Therefore, another required output is
for the relation between the educational level
and the average importance given to the
former definers of the square, three of which
were included in this study, namely Gençlik
Park, Bank of Municipalities’ building, and
Hajek’s sculpture. The table below displays the
results of this spearman correlation.
Table 2. Spearman’s Correlation between the educational
level and the average importance given to the definers of
Hergelen Square among the participants.
The correlation coefficient value on this table,
which is 0,183 indicates that there is a positive
correlation between the educational level of
the participants and the average importance
they give to the square’s definers. The positive
correlation is significant at the 0,05 level. Similar
to the test above, this test does not indicate a
cause effect relationship between the two
variables, however, this result could be
interpreted in a similar way with the previous
outcome that the less educated people care
less about the integrity of the cultural
landscape than the educated.
Another question that needs to be answered
was whether there is a difference in-between
the values attained for the Bank of
Municipalities Building and Hajek’s sculpture.
The answer to this question could be
interpreted to answer the first aforementioned
research question. The former intervention is the
rehabilitation plan of Bademli and his team,
and its unachieved goal for an integrated
cultural landscape.
Table 3. Paired Samples Statistics among the participants
thought on the demolitions of the Bank of Municipalities
Building and Hajek’s sculpture
The Paired Samples Statistics table indicates
that with the N value that is equal for both
questions, all the participants have evaluated
the demolitions of both The Bank of
Municipalities’ building and Hajek’s sculpture.
Table 4. Paired Samples Correlation among the
participants thought on the demolitions of the Bank of
Municipalities Building and Hajek’s sculpture.
Paired Samples Correlations
N Correl
ation
Sig.
Pair 1
thought_on_the_d
emolition_of_the
BM_building
thought_on_the_d
emolition_of_Hajek
’s_sculpture
1
3
8
,538
,00
0
In the significance column of the Paired
Samples Correlations, the value is 0,000, which
8. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS, 3(2), 63-72 / 2019
Dr. Ece Kumkale Açıkgöz 70
is smaller than 0,01. This means that the
participants’ thoughts on the demolition of the
Bank of Municipalities’ building is significantly
different than that of the demolition of the
sculpture at the p < 0,01 level.
Table 5. Paired Samples test among the participants
thought on the demolitions of the Bank of Municipalities
Building and Hajek’s sculpture.
When the t-test results and the mean values
are evaluated together, it is understood that
the demolition of the Bank of Municipalities
Building was found more negative than the
demolition of Hajek’s sculpture. This outcome
indicates that the value attained for the Bank
of Municipalities is greater than the value
attained for the sculpture. When considered
from the perspective of the HUL approach, the
Bank of Municipalities Building had a greater
rate of integration with the cultural landscape.
Indeed the descriptive outcome of the
question regarding the demolition of the
building indicates that the mean value of the
1(positive)-5(negative) scale is 4,43, which
means that there is a significant disapproval of
the demolition, and that the building was
highly valued by the public. The mean value of
the outcomes for the sculpture is 4,14, which
also indicates a disapproval for the demolition
of the sculpture as well.
8. Conclusion
Regarding the connection between the two
sites of the same HUL of Ankara, the survey on
the final intervention on Hacıbayram Square
did not present an outcome regarding the
changing value system of the communities, nor
did its discussion could fit with the HUL
approach to understand the parts of the urban
fabric primarily for their integrative role. The
reason for this is that both the heritage value
and the religious meaning of the site constitute
its dominating characteristics. However,
considering these two interventions together is
meaningful for understanding the common
between the two interventions, and their rates
of acceptance by the public. In both, the
admiration rate increased while the
educational level decreased, and the
interventions of both were applied by the same
authorities. Therefore, it is possible to say that
there is consistency among the two studies
regarding the relation between the
educational level and the rate of admiring the
interventions by the same authority.
The literature is reticent about the reasons
behind the conversion of Hergelen Square into
a parking space after the rehabilitation plan by
Bademli and his team was applied, but it is not
difficult to assume the political, economic, and
primarily migration based social reasons behind
this. One thing is for sure that the discontinuity
between the area’s past and present is a
consequence of a will that benefits from that
disconnection. That the sculpture or the square
did not last until today, which is unfortunately
ironic considering the last words of the article
of Bademli (1993), is not necessarily because of
the failure of the plan or its application on the
site. The disconnection in Ankara’s social and
physical past and present is a normalized thing
for its society.
This is not just an intervention in the physical
environment. The normalization of such
interventions by the local community is the
consequence of an existing and previously
founded problem of
disconnected/interrupted/over-intervened
past. The transformations happening due to
other subjects’ interventions have become
expectable. Disapproval of the demolitions is
clear, but the resistance remains passive.
Regarding the results of the study, it is possible
to say that for the last intervention, the rate of
appreciation is very low, but the reaction
against the intervention is limited with a very
small portion of the public.
Being registered has not been enough to
protect the Bank of Municipalities Building, and
in the 17th of June in 2017 the registration was
removed and the demolition begun irreversibly
in the same day. The explanation of the
reasoning behind the removal of its registration
was the loss of its structural durability and being
severely exposed to corrosion. It is not possible
to discuss here whether the technical reports,
which were given as the reason behind the
removal of the registration, reflected the truth
about the buildings durability. However, it is
possible to be highly skeptical about it,
especially regarding the last three years of the
life of the building. The story is well known by
those who are interested and the presupposed
reasoning behind the demolition is shared
among those who feel sorry for its ending.
From the point of the HUL approach the
demolition of the building of the Bank of
Municipalities is not only a loss of a historic
monument as a single building with historic
significance. More predominantly, it is the loss
9. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS, 3(2), 63-72 / 2019
Dr. Ece Kumkale Açıkgöz 71
of the urban integration that it provided to
determine the comprehensive system of an
urban historic area as it is expressed in the
Vienna Memorandum of 2005 (Bandarin and
van Oers, 2012). Unlike Hajek’s sculpture, that
had been blocked by the parking area and
market for decades, the Bank of Municipalities
building had not lost its role in maintaining that
integration, which is apparently concordant
with the reasoning behind Arkan’s design
decisions like modesty, continuity, relation with
the boulevard on the ground floor scale. It was
an ultimate example of consistency and
success not only as a product of architecture
but also for its 80 years’ role of place-making.
Together with Hajek’s sculpture it was sacrificed
to build a pseudo context that is completely
disintegrated with the place’s cultural value
system. Apart from that, the most important
output that can be derived at the end of this
study is that if the HUL approach was adopted,
and if the public took a responsibly participant
role in the decision making processes on
informing those who are in charge about the
acceptable limits of change, the condition
could have been much different than today.
There is no clue whether the integrating
proposal of Bademli and his team would
accompany the resilience of the community,
as well as the sustainability of the cultural
landscape. However, it is for sure for today that
the possibility of applying a similar approach
with that of Bademli for achieving the
integration of the cultural landscape of
Hergelen Square is far less than it was in the
past.
Acknowledgments
I would like to express my sincere thanks to Prof.
Dr. Adile Nuray Bayraktar for her helpful support
in reaching the required information, and to all
of the participants of the questionnaire. This
research did not receive any specific grant
from funding agencies in the public,
commercial, or non-for-profit sectors.
References
Acar, M., Koçer, Ç., & İmamoğlu, B. (2017). Urban
regeneration or degeneration? Demolishment
of İller Bankası building as a representation of
cultural heritage. Urbanistica Informazioni, 272,
334-338.
http://www.urbanisticainformazioni.it/IMG/pdf/
ui_272si_04_sessione_04.pdf
Alpan, A. & Açıkgöz, E. K. (2017) “Multi-cultural
Perception of the Cult Site of Hacı Bayram in
Historic Center of Ankara” in the proceedings
of the International Congress on “Preserving
Transcultural Heritage: Your way or my way?”
(05-08 July 2017, Lisbon, Portugal). DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30618/978-989-658-467-2_49
Aslanoğlu, İnci. 1986. “Evaluation of Architectural
Developments in Turkey within the
SocioEconomic and Cultural Framework of the
1923-38 Period”, METU Journal of the Faculty of
Architecture, 7(2), 15-41.
http://jfa.arch.metu.edu.tr/archive/0258-
5316/1986/cilt07/sayi_2/15-41.pdf
Atay, O., 1984, Tutunamayanlar [The
Disconnected ], İstanbul: İletişim.
Bademli, R. (1993). Hergelen Meydanı [Hergelen
Square], Ankara Söyleşileri. Ankara: TMMOB
Mimarlar Odası Yayınları, 7-11.
Bandarin, F., & Van Oers, R. (2012). The historic
urban landscape: managing heritage in an
urban century. John Wiley & Sons. DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2014.909618
Cengizkan, N. M., 2015, “Moderne Yönelik Yeni Bir
Yıkım Tehdidi Daha: Seyfi Arkan’ın İller Bankası
Binası [Another threat of demolition for the
Modern: Seyfi Arkan’s Building for the Bank of
Municipalities]” Mimarlık, 381.
http://www.mimarlikdergisi.com/index.cfm?say
fa=mimarlik&DergiSayi=395&RecID=3565
Gülsoy, M. (2009). 602. Gece: Kendini Fark Eden
Hikâye [The Night: The story that recognizes
itself]. İstanbul: Can. ISBN 975072271X,
9789750722714
https://www.dr.com.tr/Kitap/602-
Gece/Edebiyat/Edebiyat-
Inceleme/urunno=0000000309721
Harvey, D. C. (2001) Heritage Pasts and Heritage
Presents: Temporality, meaning and the scope
of heritage studies, International Journal of
Heritage Studies, 7(4), 319-338. DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1080/13581650120105534
Mydland, L., & Grahn, W. (2012). Identifying
heritage values in local communities.
International Journal of Heritage Studies, 18(6),
564-587. DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1080/13527258.2011.619554
Ripp, M., & Rodwell, D. (2016). The governance of
urban heritage. The Historic Environment: Policy
& Practice, 7(1), 81-108. DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1080/17567505.2016.1142699
Sözen, M. (1984). Cumhuriyet dönemi Türk
mimarlığı [Turkish Architecture of the
Republican Period], 1923-1983 (No. 246). Türkiye
İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları.
Taylor, K. (2016). The Historic Urban Landscape
paradigm and cities as cultural landscapes.
Challenging orthodoxy in urban conservation.
Landscape Research, 41(4), 471-480. DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2016.1156066
Turner, M., & Tomer, T. (2013). Community
participation and the tangible and intangible
10. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY URBAN AFFAIRS, 3(2), 63-72 / 2019
Dr. Ece Kumkale Açıkgöz 72
values of urban heritage. Heritage & Society,
6(2), 185-198. DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1179/2159032X13Z.000000000
13
Van Oers, R. (2010). Managing cities and the
historic urban landscape initiative–an
introduction. Managing Historic Cities, 7-17.
ISBN: 9230041750, 9789230041755
http://unesdoc.unesco.org/ulis/cgi-
bin/ulis.pl?catno=189607&gp=1&mode=e&lin=
1
Yılmaz, B. 2006. “Bozkırdaki Cennet: Gençlik Parkı
[Paradise in the Steppe: The Youth Park]”, Sanki
Viran Ankara, İstanbul: İletişim, 211-236. ISBN:
9789750504464
https://www.iletisim.com.tr/kitap/sanki-viran-
ankara/8017#.XAEzO-gzaUk
Zeayter, H., & Mansour, A. M. H. (2017). Heritage
conservation ideologies analysis–Historic urban
Landscape approach for a Mediterranean
historic city case study. HBRC Journal, Elsevier.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hbrcj.2017.06.001