Drugs are in our water, mostly from human excrement. Only a small category of Medicines are are given to patients at the levels found in the environment, mostly Chemotherapy drugs. this presentation to the EPA was given on Jan 15, 2009.
Drugs in the water are chemicals in the water and some of the most dangerous chemicals we make are medicines, drugs, and pharmaceuticals. Gene altering drugs are causing childhood diseases such as autism.
Drugs in the water are chemicals in the water and some of the most dangerous chemicals we make are medicines, drugs, and pharmaceuticals. Gene altering drugs are causing childhood diseases such as autism.
Mistakes, misconceptions, over-indulgences, minutia, and generally silly aspects of modern web accessibility. Presented by Jared Smith
at Accessing Higher Ground Conference 2009.
Biological products are unsafe than the chemical productsaccessbiologicals
A recent study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association have shed light on the fact that the safety issues with the biological product is much more than that of the chemical pharmaceutical drugs. The post marketing surveillance system must be tightened in all the countries where such products are used to treat patients that are suffering from chronic diseases.
Mistakes, misconceptions, over-indulgences, minutia, and generally silly aspects of modern web accessibility. Presented by Jared Smith
at Accessing Higher Ground Conference 2009.
Biological products are unsafe than the chemical productsaccessbiologicals
A recent study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association have shed light on the fact that the safety issues with the biological product is much more than that of the chemical pharmaceutical drugs. The post marketing surveillance system must be tightened in all the countries where such products are used to treat patients that are suffering from chronic diseases.
This is a presentation about thngs that make us sick and what we need to do to stop it. Much of the blame for illness lies with Corporate America. We can stop this if we are united for the cause.
This is my opinion about why we get sick,, stay sick so long and sprnd so much money trying to get well.. It is a plan. Call it job security if yu want but it could be different.. It could be better
Detoxification of the major organ systems of the body is ever increasingly important. Environment, genetics, nutritional status and lifestyle all play interacting roles that can influence one's quality of life. Learn how to safely detoxify using real food and basic nutrients with the Detox 360 Program. This is an introduction for informational purposes only and is not intended to diagnose or replace medical care.
Animals
in Research
The Importance of
Animals in the Science
of Toxicology
2
Research involving laboratory animals is important to people and to our quality of life. In the past century, most inhabitants
of this planet have experienced an unprecedented
rise in living standards, life expectancy and personal
opportunity, in large part due to the many ways
chemicals have been put to work for us. For example,
drugs whose effects range from curing previously
fatal bacterial infections, reducing the impact of
AIDS, minimizing heart disease, decreasing age-
related wrinkles, to reducing hair loss are widely
available today. The many benefits of the diverse
uses of our natural resources are an outcome of
careful scientific research and of using chemicals
in an appropriate and safe manner. Toxicologists,
the scientists who help determine the limits for safe
use of materials, use modern technological research
methods, including tests on animals, to protect
human and animal health and the environment.
What is toxicology?
Toxicology is the study of how chemical substances
interact with living systems and affect normal
processes, and the use of this information to predict
safe exposure levels. Toxicological research and
testing helps us to live safely and to derive benefit
from natural and synthetic substances while avoiding
harm. Toxicologists are involved in the evaluation
of household products, medicines and the effects of
incidental and occupational exposure to natural and
manufactured substances. Toxicology also helps
us develop the best treatments in the event that
accidental overexposure does occur.
What is safe?
Toxicologists know that no substance is risk-free.
One fundamental tenet of the science of toxicology
is that all chemicals can cause harm at some level of
exposure, summed up in the phrase "the dose makes
the poison." This means that exposure to a specific
small amount of any substance will have no detectable
impact on normal biological processes and is
considered safe. Some doses actually have beneficial
effects, as we all know from use of medicines. But
increasing exposure to most substances will, at
some point, cause harmful effects. Substances are
considered toxic at that level. For example, digitalis is
a plant product that has been used with great benefit
to treat heart irregularities, but too large a dose will
cause death. Oxygen provides another example of how
increasing the dose can turn a safe compound into a
toxic one. Oxygen is essential to life and part of the air
we breathe, but when given at high concentrations it
can cause lung and eye damage in infants.
Sometimes the possible negative effects of a
substance are outweighed by the positive benefits
at that dose. Dogs are treated with heartworm
medication because the risk of death from
heartworms is much greater than the risk of toxicity
of the medication. Similarly, chemotherapeutic
agents ar.
Animals in ResearchThe Importance of Animals in the Sc.docxrossskuddershamus
Animals
in Research
The Importance of
Animals in the Science
of Toxicology
2
Research involving laboratory animals is important to people and to our quality of life. In the past century, most inhabitants
of this planet have experienced an unprecedented
rise in living standards, life expectancy and personal
opportunity, in large part due to the many ways
chemicals have been put to work for us. For example,
drugs whose effects range from curing previously
fatal bacterial infections, reducing the impact of
AIDS, minimizing heart disease, decreasing age-
related wrinkles, to reducing hair loss are widely
available today. The many benefits of the diverse
uses of our natural resources are an outcome of
careful scientific research and of using chemicals
in an appropriate and safe manner. Toxicologists,
the scientists who help determine the limits for safe
use of materials, use modern technological research
methods, including tests on animals, to protect
human and animal health and the environment.
What is toxicology?
Toxicology is the study of how chemical substances
interact with living systems and affect normal
processes, and the use of this information to predict
safe exposure levels. Toxicological research and
testing helps us to live safely and to derive benefit
from natural and synthetic substances while avoiding
harm. Toxicologists are involved in the evaluation
of household products, medicines and the effects of
incidental and occupational exposure to natural and
manufactured substances. Toxicology also helps
us develop the best treatments in the event that
accidental overexposure does occur.
What is safe?
Toxicologists know that no substance is risk-free.
One fundamental tenet of the science of toxicology
is that all chemicals can cause harm at some level of
exposure, summed up in the phrase "the dose makes
the poison." This means that exposure to a specific
small amount of any substance will have no detectable
impact on normal biological processes and is
considered safe. Some doses actually have beneficial
effects, as we all know from use of medicines. But
increasing exposure to most substances will, at
some point, cause harmful effects. Substances are
considered toxic at that level. For example, digitalis is
a plant product that has been used with great benefit
to treat heart irregularities, but too large a dose will
cause death. Oxygen provides another example of how
increasing the dose can turn a safe compound into a
toxic one. Oxygen is essential to life and part of the air
we breathe, but when given at high concentrations it
can cause lung and eye damage in infants.
Sometimes the possible negative effects of a
substance are outweighed by the positive benefits
at that dose. Dogs are treated with heartworm
medication because the risk of death from
heartworms is much greater than the risk of toxicity
of the medication. Similarly, chemotherapeutic
agents ar.
A special feature on the ‘dirty chemicals’ in cosmetics
Toxic chemicals are all around us.
They're in the soaps we bathe our kids with, the creams we lather on our skin day and night, the detergent we wash our clothes with. It’s in the food that we eat!
Many have been linked to increasing risks for chronic and life-threatening diseases.
Sustainable cosmetics summit keynote by stacy malkanDawn Malkan
What Cosmetics Companies Need to Know: 3 Characteristics of the New Conscious Consumer. Full text of this talk: http://notjustaprettyface.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Sustainable-Cosmetics-Summit-keynote.pdf
Similar to Keep Pharmaceuticals out of our water (18)
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
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Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
1. Presentation by Jim Mullowney
To the EPA
January 15th
2009
Comments on Medical Waste Incinerator Regulations
Regulated medical wastes are
Blood-borne pathogens, blood,
viruses, human tissue etc.
Regulated medical waste is a blood-borne pathogen's, blood, viruses, human tissue, AIDS
virus. Regulated medical waste incinerators are very effective at destroying these
compounds; they die at about 200°F. Medical waste incinerators are very important part
of our society, and are very effective at controlling disease.
This is not regulated medical waste
They are all chemicals
What is not regulated in a medical waste, Pharmaceuticals, Drugs, and Medicine.
What do they all have in common? They are all Chemicals and some of the most
dangerous chemicals we manufacture today are Pharmaceuticals, Drugs, and Medicines.
Medical waste incinerators are not Chemical waste incinerators and are not designed to
destroy chemicals.
Does anyone know the last time the EPA regulated a Chemical as a Hazardous waste?
How about the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act in 1976. That was 32 years ago,
how many chemicals have been invented in the last 32 years, hundreds of thousands, and
it is legal to send these chemicals to a medical waste incinerator.
• Drugs
• Pharmaceuticals
• Medicine
• What do they have in
common
2. Health facility/estimated 250,000,000 pounds of drugs a year are flushed down the drain.
This is from an article in USA Today at September 14, 2008.
“Treating the toilet as a trashcan is not a good option.” That is a quote from Ben
Grumbles EPA's top water administrator. Mr. Grumbles may be one of for your bosses.
Why do you flush drugs down the toilet? The DEA says we have to flush them. Medicare
and Medicaid both mandate that we flush the unused drugs, and the reason is to keep
them away from children, That is why we have childproof caps on medicines. If a child
gets into a medicine they tell us to call the poison control center, because it is a poison,
DRUGS ARE CHEMICALS TOO. If a person gets the medicine and takes too much of
it they may die. The reason they may die is because they took too much of the chemical.
Most people think the waste water treatment plant destroys the chemicals, they don’t. The
drugs pass thru the treatment plant and into the water system, and if you are on a septic
system the chemicals go into your leaching field and in to the drinking water system.
che·mo· ther·a·py
: the use of chemical agents in the treatment of a medical condition
Chemo-therapy. The definition of Chemotherapy is the use of a Chemical agent in the
treatment of a medical condition, which means that all medicine is Chemotherapy. I can't
watch television without finding a new disease that I didn't know I had. A commercial of
a guy that's always in the bathroom is on a boat is missing out on his life because he has
to pee too much. Personally I think he was drinking too much beer. At the end of this
commercial it says side effects may include dizziness, shortness of breath and anal
leakage. Anal leakage does not sound like a fun thing to have as a side effect. Then there
is that commercial for a drug that has a side effect that causes an erection for four hours.
Why does that commercial only come on when my daughter walks into the room?
Health facilities flush estimated 250M
pounds of drugs a year.
USA Today September 14 2008
Treating the toilet as a trash
can isn't a good option,"
says Ben Grumbles the
EPA's top water
administrator
Why do we flush
DEA, Medicare
Keep away from children
3. This Medicine has some serious side effects.
Material Safety Data Sheet for Common
Chemotherapy Drug
This Drug May Cause:
• Cancer • Heritable Genetic Damage • Harm to the Unborn
Child • Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed
Cytotoxic agent
4. This is a material safety data sheet. Are all of you familiar with the Material Safety Data
sheet (MSDS)? Under a Regulation called The Right to Know, workers must be notified
of the Chemicals that they are working with and the dangers they pose if exposed. Drugs
Pharmaceuticals, and Medicines, are all Chemicals and there are material safety data
sheets for these Chemicals. This slide shows a MSDS for MUSTERGEN it’ a compound
made by Merck. I picked this out arbitrarily, not to pick on Merck.
As of any other drug this has side effects. The side effects of this drug are cancer a pretty
serious side effect. 30 % of breast cancer survivors develop a secondary cancer from the
drugs, it is well known that cytotoxic drugs cause cancer.
Hereditable genetic damage. Harm to the unborn child. It is agreed that this side
effect is worse than anal leakage. Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed.
Cytotoxic agents does anybody know what a cytotoxic agent means. It means it is toxic
to the cell. Does anyone know how they work? The mechanism by which these cytotoxic
agents work by breaking into the blood cells attacking the DNA and breaking off the
chromosomes so when the cells splits it's a different cell hence, mutated. They attack
cancerous as well as non cancerous cells and they tend to work on fast growing cells such
as hair cells, that is why patients on some of these drugs loose their hair.
What are the fastest growing cells, how about
embryonic cells, children being born. About a
year ago a study came out that Autism is a
genetic disorder that is not hereditary, how
do you have a genetic disorder that is not
hereditary? You mutate the genes. What class
of Chemicals are designed specifically to
mutate human genes? Cytotoxic
Chemotherapy drugs. Do you think this drug is
regulated by the EPA as a waste, No it is not.
I gave a longer version of this speech on
November 20th
2008 to 100 people in New
England. We had every large hospital
represented; we had Yale New Haven,
Dartmouth Hitchcock, Mass General. Brigham
and Women's, Beth Israel, the Hartford
hospitals, the Providence hospitals, and the Worcester hospitals.
I asked the audience if they knew what cytotoxic agents were and for the most part they
said yes. I asked the audience if there were any Pharmacists the room. There were a few.
I had one in the front row. I asked the Pharmacist in the front row, have you ever made
drugs in a dose of a nano-gram per liter and he said yes of course. I asked have you ever
made a drug in a pico-gram per liter and he said sure. So I asked the audience if a nano-
gram per liter was a part per trillion. And they said yes it is a part per trillion and I asked
is a pico-gram per liter smaller than a part per trillion and they said yes.
If you take a trillion one dollar bills and stack them like a deck of cards, turn them
sideways, they would reach from Boston to the middle of Ohio.
Then I asked the pharmacist if the absorption rate of a typical cytotoxic chemotherapy
drug was 100% or was it more like 1% and his answer was more like 1%. I asked the
audience if anyone knew what absorption rate was? Then I said if you take a vitamin, two
5. hours later you go to the bathroom and you look in the toilet your urine is bright yellow,
that is because only 5% of the vitamin you take the body absorbs in the cells.
The rest of it the passes through your body in your feces, urine, sweat glands, and
through your breath. Sometimes you take a vitamin and the smell stays on your breath for
hours. The same thing happens with cytotoxic drugs except your breath stinks for as long
as the drugs remain in the body.
Look up chemo breath on the Internet and you will find advertisements for special mints
because your breath smells terrible, as well as your whole body smells. Chemicals are
smells, what you're smelling are the chemotherapy drugs. Perfumes are chemicals.
We are all worried about second hand smoke, how about second hand Chemotherapy
drugs that dangerous at levels that you could smell them.
This is a picture of a man manufacturing a
chemotherapy drug notice he's in a
spacesuit. Do you think if you have to
make this drug in a spacesuit it can be
pretty harmful? He is wearing a spacesuit
because of OSHA regulations. I took this
picture from the June 2008 Chemical and
Engineering News the basis of the article
was that the drug companies are
subcontracting the manufacture of Active
Pharmaceutical ingredients or API’s,
because of the liability of exposure to
their employees.
He is protected by OSHA regulations from this chemical what about the rest of us, who
protects us? Do you think this Chemical is regulated by the EPA? Once the drug is made
is shipped in little vials to a pharmacy where it is compounded in different doses
sometimes with drugs.
This is how these drugs are prepared. Does
the woman in the hood look protected from
the Chemotherapy drugs. She has to be
according to OSHA. She is preparing a
nanogram per liter, how do you measure
nano-gram? Do you use a scale with the
chemical on one side and a nano-gram on
the other? No you start with a known
amount of the drug and do a series of
dilutions. What happens to the dilutions with
a much higher concentration of the drug, do they get sent to Medical waste incinerators?
I was at Brigham and Women's Hospital before Christmas and they paid $500,000 for
robot to prepare the drugs because they are too dangerous to a pharmacist to be exposed
to. They don't use the robot because the nurses are wondering if they are protected. That's
a good question.
OSHA hazardous drugs
6. OSHA is designed to protect workers and they do. In fact they have a 30 page document
describing the dangers of cytotoxic agents and that there is zero exposure allowed. The
scary part of the document is all the research that they've done and the references to
studies that have been done over the last 20 plus years. I love the study where the
volunteers were scratched on the arm with cyclophpsphomide, a cytotoxic agent and then
checked for chromosomal aberrations in their urine, sound like a James Bond movie.
In 1985 they did a study of a nurses that were working on oncology floors they found
nurses had a spontaneous abortion rate of 4.7. That is 4.7 times the national average just
working with these chemicals. That's what prompted this document OSHA's guide to
handling hazardous drugs in 1995 that was 14 years ago.
OSHA cites carcinogenic and the mutagenic effects of these drugs they also note that
heavy concentrations of these drugs may be excreted by patients through their urine and
their feces as well as through their skin and breath. If one percent is absorbed by the body
what happens to the rest of it? Does anyone remember high school physics, the law of
conservation of mass?
• No safe exposure limit • Carcinogenic, mutagenic • OSHA recommends
the residuals be sent as regulated medical waste
7. Drug Portal to the
World.
I took this picture from EPA
a gentleman named Christian
Daughton who is the Chief of
research and development of
the EPA. We already talked
about the guy in the left and
how to solve that problem by
not dumping drugs down the
drain but we don't want to do
is put these chemicals into
Medical Waste Incinerators
that are designed to kill germs and are not designed to destroy Chemicals. These
Medicines, Drugs, Pharmaceuticals are Chemicals and need to be sent to Chemical waste
incinerators.
The guy on the right is a bigger problem what we do about him. We really don't care how
much aspirin is in the water or Tylenol, Prozac. We do care how many cytotoxic agents
that are effective on a molecular level are released into the environment through the
excrement of the patient on chemotherapy drugs. I know it sounds crazy but we need
to collect the waste from these patients. We need to make sure this waste is not sent to a
Medical Waste Incinerator.
What should we do with the human excrement from patients on Chemotherapy?
Collect it, chemically bind it and send it to Canada. Maybe not Canada, we should
send it to a landfill in the desert that gets little rainfall and is far from a drinking water
source. We know who is on these drugs, how long they stay in the body, and how to
collect it.
OSHA has a list of these drugs; they are called Hazardous Drugs or HD’s. These Drugs
are too dangerous for human exposure; there are about 60 of them mostly cytotoxic
drugs. NIOSH has another list that is more updated with another 140 Chemicals used as
drugs and together there are about 200 medicines.
We know long a drugs stays in a human body, it is written on the prescription and is
mandated by the FDA. Sometimes it's four hours sometimes it's three days it varies by
drug but we do know that information and with only 1% of the drug that nearly kills the
patient 99% of it going down the toilet into a septic system we as a society need to care
where that 99% goes.
It is well known that Chemotherapy Drugs kill the bacteria in a septic system, these are
chemicals they are not alive. They go through the septic system and go into the water
system. If you're on a septic system you probably on a well therefore it's going directly
into your drinking water. If you're on town drinking water these cytotoxic agents are
going into the water system that feeds the town drinking water so you are giving
chemotherapy to everyone that drinks the water, takes a shower or otherwise uses the
water.
8. The collection of human excrement with
cytotoxic drugs will happen
• Our medical waste incinerators are
not capable of destroying these
chemicals
Eventually we will be collecting the excrement
from patients on chemotherapy drugs and we
need to make sure that this excrement is not sent
to medical waste incinerators.
I personally believe that even chemical waste incinerators
are not effective on destroying these chemicals.
Medical waste incinerators do not look like this. Just
because you can't see the smoke does not mean that the chemicals are not there.
I believe the safest way to handle it is to mix with a binding agent, seal up and send
to a secure landfill in the area that has no groundwater and little rainwater. I as well
as others know that cytotoxic drugs are causing childhood diseases such as Autism, and
are the major cause of cancer in this generation.
Are there any questions?
Q. How is this problem affecting our food supply?
A. Good question, I live in the Boston area and we may have the highest concentration of
patients on chemotherapy drugs in the world, all the waste from Boston sewers goes to
the waste treatment plant on Deer Island in Boston Harbor. This plant, like a Medical
waste Incinerator is designed to destroy germs, not chemicals. Some of the drugs are
concentrated in the sludge and the rest are sent into the Atlantic Ocean. The sludge is sent
across the harbor to Quincy via barge to be dried and converted to fertilizer to be sold to
farmers all over the USA to make our food.
Yummy.
Thanks for listening to me
Sincerely
Jim Mullowney
Newport, RI
Copyright February 2009
Edited by Briana Whitt