Hurricane Katrina made landfall as a Category 5 storm in Florida on August 25, 2005 before making its final landfall as a Category 3 storm in Louisiana on August 29, 2005. It caused catastrophic damage along the Gulf Coast from central Florida to Texas from high winds and flooding. Over 1,800 people lost their lives and property damage was estimated between $80-125 billion, making it the costliest natural disaster in U.S. history. The storm displaced over 750,000 people and devastated cities like New Orleans, where levee failures flooded 80% of the city. The federal, state and local response was criticized for its slow initial response to the massive relief efforts needed. Rebuilding and recovery continues today through

1. Hurricane Katrina Will Drake Young Kim Jessica Petrovich

2. Katrina Overview First Landfall- Hallendale Beach, Florida. Aug 25 Peak intensity, Aug 28 Category V, sustained winds 175 mph Central pressure 902 mbar (4th most intense, at time) Second Landfall- Buras-Triumph, Louisiana. Aug 29, 2005. 6:10 am. Category III, sustained winds 125 mph

3. Katrina Overview After third landfall, storm retained hurricane status for 150 miles north Storm impacted Cuba, southern Florida, Gulf Coast, south east, and Ohio valley. Federal Disaster Declarations made for 90,000 square miles Costliest Natural Disaster in U.S. history

4. Physical Impacts Estimates of property damage range from about $80B to over $125B (this does not include economic damage) Housing makes up over half of that number About 300,000 homes destroyed 90,000 square miles of land affected 53 levee breaches 80% of New Orleans was flooded

5. Social Impacts Over 750,000 people displaced as a result of the hurricane 1833 people dead 80% were New Orleans residents Most were elderly and did not have the ability to evacuate As of January 2006, 85 % of New Orleans schools remained closed and 50% of the hospitals remained closed

6. Social Impacts Separation between families and friends Many pets and animals left abandoned without homes Violence increased during and after the storm Excessive looting and other violent crimes Growth of Community Organizations after the storm

7. Economic Impacts Gulf Coast Oil production was reduced by 1/3 because of evacuation and destruction of oil rigs Energy Prices in the US skyrocketed overnight Job loss left residents no choice but to relocate in some cases Government revenues in the area sharply decreased because of damage Gulf Coast casinos are a major contributor to government revenues that were lost because of storm damage

8. Economic Impacts 1.3 M acres of forest damage that is estimated at $1.3B worth of damage Lumber and building prices rose as a result Economic losses for industry affected the entire market as a result of Hurricane Katrina

9. Environmental Impacts Destruction of habitats Beach Erosion Some areas became over-run with water and it never receded

10. Political Impacts Blame for a slower than preferred response was placed on various levels of government and government agencies Many sought to blame President George W. Bush and some even blamed Mayor Ray Nagin of New Orleans FEMA and the Army Corps of Engineers also blamed

11. Local/State Response Local Mayor Nagindeclares mandatory evacuation Superdome provided as refuge of last resort State Contra-flow lane reversals for highway Evacuation. 80% of population evacuated

12. Federal Response Coast Guard rescued 24,000 of the 60,000 stranded in New Orleans 58,000 National Guard troops ACOE pumped 250 billion gallons FEMA obtained $1 Billion for immediate relief efforts Bush approves $10 Billion relief package 4 days after storm FEMA moved a record 273,000 into transitional homes

13. International Response $854 Million pledged (including $400 million in oil) As of April 2007, only $126 Million collected and only 1/3 had been spent. State Department and Dept. Homeland Security botched the job.

14. NGO Response Red Cross received $1.8 MM of the $2.6 MM donated by private citizens. 87% of the money was spent within 6 months. International Energy Agency- released extra 2 Million barrels oil/day. International Medical Corps-Deployed to U.S. for the first time. New Orleans Area Habitat for Humanity-plans to build 400+ homes.

15. Response - What Went Wrong? Mandatory evacuation ordered 19 hours before landfall. Governor Blanco did not initially provide FEMA with specific requests for aid. Blanco waited 2 days after storm to request additional national guard troops. Homeland Security director delayed 36 hours in designating Katrina an Incident of National Significance.

16. Recovery Recovery efforts have been ongoing efforts by residents, volunteers, NGOs, and various levels of government and government agencies to rebuild what was lost Temporary housing was provided by FEMA Monetary assistance for mortgages and rebuilding has been provided through various sources (private and public) to aid residents

17. Recovery Road Home Grant program to help New Orleans residents move back to their homes Can receive up to $150,000 FHA and HUD assistance to help with financial aspects of rebuilding Various other organizations have also provided monetary assistance for the recovery efforts

18. Recovery: MAKE IT RIGHT MAKE IT RIGHT was established by Brad Pitt, with the help of Former President Bill Clinton to help rebuild the Lower Ninth Ward in New Orleans Builds “green” homes that are affordable Road Home Grants can be applied to these homes Financing assistance available to those who need it 150 homes to be completed and be LEED Certified

19. Recovery The Army Corps of Engineers worked to improve and rebuild the levee systems in the area They are also working to repair the environmental damage done by the storm with the assistance of the EPA

20. V. Post-disaster Planning Long-Term Community Recovery Emergency Support Function (ESF-14) of the National Response Plan. – in October 2005 by FEMA - This process was less helpful in New Orleans due to: 1. the scale of damage 2. the lack of municipal employees 3. the absence of an agreed-upon planning process

21. The same purpose, but different thoughts Lack of communication between local government and state, federal government - After one month Katrina, Bring New Orleans Back Commission (BNOBC) was established by Mayor. - With the wrong impression of FEMA, BNOBC began to work its effort. But, FEMA did not allow money  Critical damage to public trust

22. Lack of citizen participation Due to the lack of local leadership, there was poor public involvement right after Katrina - Promoting the planning effort - Supporting community involvement - Making city hall a central information and communication node

23. Preparing for the future disaster Information Training Written agreements and plans Strong organizational structure Improving coordination among non-profits and governments A collaborative network of partners

24. Questions?