Public Policy Formulation and Analysis-2:Features of Good Public PolicyShahid Hussain Raja
This is part 2 of the 4-part Course on Public Policy Formulation. This course explains the way policies are formulated, the steps involved and the activities to be performed in the various steps. It also explains the main features of a good public policy and discusses it with reference to policy formulation in Pakistan
In this presentation, we will be discussing the features of a good public policy
Public Policy Formulation and Analysis-3: Public Policy Formulation in PakistanShahid Hussain Raja
This is part 3 of the 3-part Course on Public Policy Formulation.
This course explains the way policies are formulated, the steps involved and the activities to be performed in the various steps.
It also explains the main features of a good public policy and discusses it with reference to policy formulation in Pakistan
In this presentation, we will be discussing the features of public policy formulation in a developing country like Pakistan
Leadership for Affordable Housing Evaluation Studymjbinstitute
The Leadership Program for Affordable Housing is a multi-sectoral program that was created in the context of the sharp increase in housing costs incurred by Israeli households and the belief that a concerted multi-sectoral effort is required to address the challenge.
The program was a collaboration between the Ministry of Construction and Housing and the JDC Institute for Leadership and Governance, together with senior level professional representatives from ten ministries and government agencies, local government, civil society organizations and the business sector.
It was implemented under the professional guidance of Dr. Chaim Fialkoff and Dr. Emily Silverman.
The Myers-JDC-Brookdale Institute was commissioned to evaluate the program. For more information on this or other MJB research studies, please contact us at brook@jdc.org, visit our webpage at http://brookdale.jdc.org.il/ or catch us on Facebook at https://www.facebook.com/MJBInstitute
Public Policy Formulation and Analysis-2:Features of Good Public PolicyShahid Hussain Raja
This is part 2 of the 4-part Course on Public Policy Formulation. This course explains the way policies are formulated, the steps involved and the activities to be performed in the various steps. It also explains the main features of a good public policy and discusses it with reference to policy formulation in Pakistan
In this presentation, we will be discussing the features of a good public policy
Public Policy Formulation and Analysis-3: Public Policy Formulation in PakistanShahid Hussain Raja
This is part 3 of the 3-part Course on Public Policy Formulation.
This course explains the way policies are formulated, the steps involved and the activities to be performed in the various steps.
It also explains the main features of a good public policy and discusses it with reference to policy formulation in Pakistan
In this presentation, we will be discussing the features of public policy formulation in a developing country like Pakistan
Leadership for Affordable Housing Evaluation Studymjbinstitute
The Leadership Program for Affordable Housing is a multi-sectoral program that was created in the context of the sharp increase in housing costs incurred by Israeli households and the belief that a concerted multi-sectoral effort is required to address the challenge.
The program was a collaboration between the Ministry of Construction and Housing and the JDC Institute for Leadership and Governance, together with senior level professional representatives from ten ministries and government agencies, local government, civil society organizations and the business sector.
It was implemented under the professional guidance of Dr. Chaim Fialkoff and Dr. Emily Silverman.
The Myers-JDC-Brookdale Institute was commissioned to evaluate the program. For more information on this or other MJB research studies, please contact us at brook@jdc.org, visit our webpage at http://brookdale.jdc.org.il/ or catch us on Facebook at https://www.facebook.com/MJBInstitute
Library services are indispensable in the data-dependent process of ‘policy formulation’ as Governments embark on unique approaches to service delivery for national development. This paper treats the triad of ‘modern library’, ‘policy formulation’ and ‘transformation agenda’ in a conceptual construct. It addresses the trio in relation to required library services for effective policy formulation process and a result-oriented transformation agenda, with recommendations and strategies for implementation.
Purpose of the guidelines on Coordination and Governance of Coordination is to support countries as they work to provide essential services for all women and girls to ensure that:
A comprehensive survivor centered response is provided to all women and girls who have experienced violence
Services and providers are accountable to survivors and to each other
This presentation was given at the International Family Planning conference in Kampala, Uganda in November 2009 by IRH Georgetown and the Extending Service Delivery (ESD) Project.
Understanding the Public Policy Landscape: Lessons From a Retrospective Evalu...Innovation Network
These slides accompanied a presentation at the American Evaluation Association's annual conference in October 2013 in Washington, DC.
Innovation Network evaluators Veena Pankaj and Kat Athanasiades discussed how the Framework for Public Policy Advocacy was used in a retrospective evaluation of a large scale philanthropic public policy campaign. The framework helped to identify and plot grantee strategies across two dimensions - target audience(s) and desired outcomes. Using bubble charts to illustrate the strategic focus of each grantee, the evaluation team was able to recognize trends among the grantee partners, identify gaps and provide an aggregate overview of the types of strategies being supported. Presenters highlighted how the framework was used in selecting and developing appropriate data collection methodologies based on the strategic focus of the grantees. These methodologies were created to specifically correspond to the outcome areas and target audience(s) highlighted by the framework. Finally, the presenters reflected on lessons learns and share insights for improving advocacy evaluation at the portfolio level.
The presentation's handout is available here: http://www.innonet.org/resources/node/728
Innovation Network is a nonprofit evaluation, research, and consulting firm. We provide knowledge and expertise to help nonprofits and funders learn from their work to improve their results. To learn more, visit www.innonet.org.
POLICY MAKING PROCESS
Policy
• a statement of intent for achieving an objective.
• Deliberate statement aimed at achieving specific objective
• policies are formulated by the Government in order to provide
a guideline in attaining certain objectives for the benefit of the
people.
• Importance and objective of any policy
• to solve existing challenges/problems in any society
• used as a tool to safeguard and ensure better services to
members of the society.
• Reasons for formulating a Policy
• Reforms (socio-economic, technological advancements, etc)
within and outside the country.
Evaluation Policy Development of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (Smes) B...inventionjournals
Banyuwangi Regency is one of regencies in East Java province, Indonesia. This district is located in the eastern tip of the island of Java, and earned the nickname "The Sun Rise of Java", because of its location at the easternmost tip of the island of Java. Besides that Banyuwangi has interesting objects that make the region as a tourist lure for the domestic and non-domestic, known as the Diamond Triangle. Besides a potential in agriculture, Banyuwangi is an area of plantation crop production and forestry, as well as having the potential to be developed as a regional livestock is a source of new growth in the economy of the people. The existence of Marine and Fisheries Agency has benefits for society, business and local government.
International Economic Policy Analysis for Africa and developing countries.pptxGeorgeKabongah2
This course provides the theoretical, historical, institutional and technical background for effective advocacy of international economic policy.
The focus is on the political economy of international trade, foreign direct investment, exchange rates, portfolio capital flows and the balance of payments, industrial policy and international labor migration.
It is not a course on economics and students are not expected to have any background in the study of economics though some economic concepts will be employed and discussed.
Library services are indispensable in the data-dependent process of ‘policy formulation’ as Governments embark on unique approaches to service delivery for national development. This paper treats the triad of ‘modern library’, ‘policy formulation’ and ‘transformation agenda’ in a conceptual construct. It addresses the trio in relation to required library services for effective policy formulation process and a result-oriented transformation agenda, with recommendations and strategies for implementation.
Purpose of the guidelines on Coordination and Governance of Coordination is to support countries as they work to provide essential services for all women and girls to ensure that:
A comprehensive survivor centered response is provided to all women and girls who have experienced violence
Services and providers are accountable to survivors and to each other
This presentation was given at the International Family Planning conference in Kampala, Uganda in November 2009 by IRH Georgetown and the Extending Service Delivery (ESD) Project.
Understanding the Public Policy Landscape: Lessons From a Retrospective Evalu...Innovation Network
These slides accompanied a presentation at the American Evaluation Association's annual conference in October 2013 in Washington, DC.
Innovation Network evaluators Veena Pankaj and Kat Athanasiades discussed how the Framework for Public Policy Advocacy was used in a retrospective evaluation of a large scale philanthropic public policy campaign. The framework helped to identify and plot grantee strategies across two dimensions - target audience(s) and desired outcomes. Using bubble charts to illustrate the strategic focus of each grantee, the evaluation team was able to recognize trends among the grantee partners, identify gaps and provide an aggregate overview of the types of strategies being supported. Presenters highlighted how the framework was used in selecting and developing appropriate data collection methodologies based on the strategic focus of the grantees. These methodologies were created to specifically correspond to the outcome areas and target audience(s) highlighted by the framework. Finally, the presenters reflected on lessons learns and share insights for improving advocacy evaluation at the portfolio level.
The presentation's handout is available here: http://www.innonet.org/resources/node/728
Innovation Network is a nonprofit evaluation, research, and consulting firm. We provide knowledge and expertise to help nonprofits and funders learn from their work to improve their results. To learn more, visit www.innonet.org.
POLICY MAKING PROCESS
Policy
• a statement of intent for achieving an objective.
• Deliberate statement aimed at achieving specific objective
• policies are formulated by the Government in order to provide
a guideline in attaining certain objectives for the benefit of the
people.
• Importance and objective of any policy
• to solve existing challenges/problems in any society
• used as a tool to safeguard and ensure better services to
members of the society.
• Reasons for formulating a Policy
• Reforms (socio-economic, technological advancements, etc)
within and outside the country.
Evaluation Policy Development of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (Smes) B...inventionjournals
Banyuwangi Regency is one of regencies in East Java province, Indonesia. This district is located in the eastern tip of the island of Java, and earned the nickname "The Sun Rise of Java", because of its location at the easternmost tip of the island of Java. Besides that Banyuwangi has interesting objects that make the region as a tourist lure for the domestic and non-domestic, known as the Diamond Triangle. Besides a potential in agriculture, Banyuwangi is an area of plantation crop production and forestry, as well as having the potential to be developed as a regional livestock is a source of new growth in the economy of the people. The existence of Marine and Fisheries Agency has benefits for society, business and local government.
International Economic Policy Analysis for Africa and developing countries.pptxGeorgeKabongah2
This course provides the theoretical, historical, institutional and technical background for effective advocacy of international economic policy.
The focus is on the political economy of international trade, foreign direct investment, exchange rates, portfolio capital flows and the balance of payments, industrial policy and international labor migration.
It is not a course on economics and students are not expected to have any background in the study of economics though some economic concepts will be employed and discussed.
Running head PROJECT AND FUNDER YOUTH HOMELESS SHELTER .docxjeanettehully
Running head: PROJECT AND FUNDER YOUTH HOMELESS SHELTER 1
PROJECT AND FUNDER YOUTH HOMELESS SHELTER 5
Project and funder youth homeless shelter
Student name:
Institution:
Course:
Professor:
Date:
Part one
The description of the grant to be used in this paper includes the promotion and foster of community partnerships to reduce homelessness in various communities. In essence, the project is intended to engage both provincial and territorial government levels to join the effort of aligning homelessness investments and priorities with the ultimate goals and objectives to prevent and reduce the aspect of homelessness especially in many youths (Forchuk, 2018). To elaborate, the grant is a unique program based on community affairs with the ultimate goals of eliminating if not reducing homelessness issues within various communities. Moreover, the project is aimed to accomplish this by encouraging funders to directly provide their support and funds to about sixty designated communities across all territories and provinces that are possible to reach. The most appropriate hyperlink for identifying RFP is: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6054288/
One of the significant factors that make this grant to be worth and for one to gain the confidant of pursuing it is the fact that it has been witnessed working for other countries. For instance, the grant was implemented in Canada in 2011, where it served over three hundred projects and managed to raise over fifty-five million Canadian dollars. The funds were well utilized by focusing them on, especially youth and young adults of age fifteen to twenty-eight. Based on that, it is a potential grant that I believe if well managed it is worth to take the risk as it guarantees the reduction of homelessness.
For evaluation purposes, several questions were identified to assess whether the grant was aligned with the objectives and goals of eliminating or reducing the aspect homelessness in various communities within the country. Furthermore, there were designed questions that aimed at assessing the progress of the program in its implementation including coordination, communication, reporting, adherence to housing first principles, monitoring as well as an assessment of early outcomes of the grant.
In accomplishing all the necessary criteria that were required by the project, I utilized Bing as my search engine for the task.
The goals and objectives of the selected funding agency are to ensure that it provides all the necessary resources that can enable the non-profitable organizations with its purposes of fulfilling the intended impact towards the communities concerned. Besides, the agency is aimed at addressing the essential issues relating to homelessness of especially youths and young adults within different communities.
The primary reason for selecting the RFP is accompanied by the fact that commu ...
Comprehensive Community Initiatives to Reduce Poverty: Canadian Lessons Learn...Wellesley Institute
This presentation provides highlights and strategic issues that impact Canadian poverty reduction initiatives.
Bob Gardner, Director of Policy
www.wellesleyinstitute.com
Follow us on twitter @wellesleyWI
Running head PSYCHOLOGY1PSYCHOLOGY7Programmatic pur.docxtoltonkendal
Running head: PSYCHOLOGY
1
PSYCHOLOGY
7
Programmatic purposes and outcomes
Shekima Jacob
South University
Programmatic purposes and outcomes
Select and discuss three programmatic purposes and outcomes that should be evaluated. In your discussion, provide the rationale for the purposes and outcomes selected. It will be assumed the purposes and outcomes selected were influenced by the program being evaluated.
The program that I will be discussing is human service programs. In the abiding endeavor to enhance human service programs, service providers, policy makers and funders are more and more recognizing the significance of thorough program evaluations. They want to know what the programs achieve, what they spend, and how they must be operated to attain maximum cost efficiency. They want to recognize which programs function for which groups, and they need endings based on proof, as opposed to impassioned pleas and testimonials. The purposes should state the extensive, extensive range result that maintains the mission of the program, including content information areas, performance prospects, and values anticipated of program graduates. Purposes can be stated in wider and more stirring language than outcomes that have to be measurable and specific. Outcome is the reason nonprofit organizations struggle to build capacity and deliver programs. Measurement of outcomes is the systematic way of assessing the extent to which a program has attained its intended results.
The programmatic purposes and outcomes that should be evaluated include:
Programmatic purposes
· To monitor functions for the Health and Human Services department.
Without departments, the purpose or goals of human services would be very hard to fulfill. Human services is a very large sector that entails a wide range of skills, knowledge and disciplines focused on enhancing the well being of human both collectively and individually. Just like there are a lot of sectors in human services, so too there are a huge variety of functions of the human service programs that need to be evaluated so as to accomplish the purpose of the program (Connell, Kubisch, Schorr & Weiss, 1995). One of the programmatic purposes of human service programs is to monitor functions for the Health and Human Services department. Any department or even sector requires frequent checks to make sure that it is functioning well and according to the purpose. This purpose is very crucial in the execution of the human service program goals. It needs to be evaluated to make sure that the functions of the health and human service department are in line with the programmatic purposes of the program.
· Assessing internal control over compliance requirements to provide reasonable assurance.
The compliance requirements are very crucial in every program as they make sure that the program is in line with its goals and makes sure it works towards achieving its stipulated outcomes. This purpose needs to be evaluated to m ...
CELEBRATING SUCCESS: JOURNEY THROUGH DSWD CONVERGENCE STRATEGYAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the living conditions of individuals both prior to and
following their participation in the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) convergence
program. Additionally, the study sought to delve into the success stories of the participants and gather insights to
inspire the broader public. Utilizing a multiple case study design, the research involved five carefully selected
participants from the DSWD convergence program, chosen in accordance with predefined inclusion and
exclusion criteria. Data collection conducted through in-depth interviews, and the gathered information was
subsequently analyzed using Nvivo8 software.Themes related to living conditions before availing of the
program included abject poverty, being debt-ridden, residing in pitiable shelters, having limited exposure and
humdrum existence, facing poor employment opportunities, and experiencing constrained family relationships.
Success stories revealed participants could broaden their horizons and spread their wings, develop as
individuals, acquire additional skills, improve family relationships, and access better employment opportunities.
Insights gathered highlighted the importance of investing in the education of Filipino youth, focusing on the
development of Filipino families, fostering community unity, providing livelihood opportunities, and
emphasizing prudent and faithful utilization of government funds. While the country's fight against poverty is
ongoing, the success stories suggest that the government is making progress by maximizing the impact of its
poverty reduction efforts through an effective targeting system, integrated case management, and a holistic
community development approach. These findings may assist development agencies in revisiting strategies for
implementing social welfare and social protection programs and policies aligned with the Sustainable
Development Goals.
KEYWORDS: social work, celebrating success, convergence strategy, multiple case study, 4Ps beneficiaries,
Philippines.
The process of developing a PRS varies greatly because it takes place in different countries, under different kinds of governments and circumstances. In general, though, the process can be thought of in terms of several phases, although certain elements, particularly participatory processes, may run throughout.
An analysis of how international intervention strategies in environmental governances influence and limits community-based tourism in Cambodia and policy strategies that may be employed to resolved the limitation.
Presentation is about the uniqueness of Implementation Research and Role of the Government, specially in Indian context of health programme implementation.
Permohonan Pembatalan Keputusan Komisi Pemilihan Umum No. 360 Tahun 2024.pdfDadang Solihin
Tentang Penetapan Hasil Pemilihan Umum Presiden dan Wakil Presiden, Anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat, Dewan Perwakilan Daerah, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Provinsi, dan Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Kabupaten/Kota Secara Nasional dalam Pemilihan Umum Tahun 2024 tertanggal 20 Maret 2024
Marty M. Natalegawa, 2021, Geopolitik dan Perekonomian Indonesia Dampak dan R...Dadang Solihin
Sejarah dan kajian empiris membuktikan bahwa dinamika geoekonomi dan geopolitik global berpengaruh kuat terhadap kondisi ekonomi dan politik suatu negara. Ketegangan Amerika Serikat dan Tiongkok di Laut Cina Selatan serta perang dagang antara kedua negara, konflik berkelanjutan di Timur Tengah, ketegangan politik Amerika Serikat dan Rusi a, isu climate change, sampai dengan merebaknya Covid-19 di berbagai belahan dunia dan ketidakberimbangan distribusi vaksin, merupakan contoh berbagai dinamika geoekonomi dan geopolitik. Bank Indonesia menyadari bahwa berbagai dinamika tersebut, secara langsung maupun tidak langsung, berpengaruh terhadap perekonomian dan politik di domestik. Untuk itu, pemahaman yang utuh dan mendalam mengenai dinamika geoekonomi dan geopolitik global sangat dibutuhkan, khususnya bagi para pengambil kebijakan publik, termasuk di bank sentral.
Mark Turner, David Hulme & Willy Mccourt, Governance, Management & Developmen...Dadang Solihin
This extensively revised edition of the authors' successful textbook Governance, Administration and Development updates its framework and analysis in light of the changed context of the twenty-first century. It continues to provide a comprehensive introduction to public policy and management in developing countries and transitional economies while also taking account of changes in the theory and practice of development management since the first edition. The authors emphasize the role of the state within development, paying careful attention to contemporary approaches and to changing attitudes towards the state. This involves examining the nature of the policy process, civil service reform, planning and decentralization, as well as showing the changing nature of the state's involvement in promoting economic development and its engagement with civil society.
Catatan Harian Ahmad Wahib - Pergolakan Pemikiran Islam disertai Komentar Pro...Dadang Solihin
Ahmad Wahib meninggal dalam usia yang masih muda. Sebuah sepeda motor dengan kecepatan tinggi telah menabraknya dipersimpangan jalan Senen Raya-Kalilio. Peristiwa itu terjadi tanggal 31 Maret malam tahun 1973. Ketika itu Wahib baru saja keluar dari kantor Majalah Tempo, tempat ia bekerja sebagai calon reporter.
Ben Bland - Man of Contradictions Joko Widodo and the struggle to remake Indo...Dadang Solihin
Man of Contradictions, the first English-language biography of Jokowi, argues that the president embodies the fundamental contradictions of modern Indonesia. He is caught between democracy and authoritarianism, openness and protectionism, Islam and pluralism. Jokowi’s incredible story shows what is possible in Indonesia – and it also shows the limits.
Saat-Saat Terakhir di Universitas Darma Persada - Darma Persada Daigaku de no...Dadang Solihin
Jakarta, 10 Desember 2018
Kronologis suatu proses pertumbuhan Perguruan Tinggi Swasta Universitas Darma Persada yang dalam jangka pendek ternyata bisa dipacu untuk melejit mengangkasa, namun dalam perjalanannya justru dihalang-halangi untuk maju dan mendapat hambatan yang keras dari yayasan sebagai badan penyelenggaranya, sehingga dikhawatirkan akan jatuh tersungkur berkeping-keping.
Wisuda Universitas Darma Persada Program Magister, Sarjana, & Diploma di Bala...Dadang Solihin
Jakarta, 27 September 2018
Pada hari yang penuh kegembiraan ini, Unsada menggelar Wisuda ke-28 di Balai Sudirman Jl. Dr. Saharjo, Tebet, Jakarta Selatan. Untuk Wisuda kali ini, Unsada meluluskan 598 Wisudawan yang terdiri dari Sastra Jepang S1 sebanyak 164 Wisudawan, Sastra Cina S1 sebanyak 30 Wisudawan, Sastra Inggris S1 sebanyak 57 Wisudawan, Bahasa Jepang D3 sebanyak 14 Wisudawan, Bahasa Inggris D3 sebanyak 8 Wisudawan, Teknik Elektro S1 sebanyak 11 Wisudawan, Teknik Industri S1 sebanyak 15 Wisudawan, Teknik Informatika S1 sebanyak 52 Wisudawan, Sistem Informasi S1 sebanyak 32 Wisudawan, Teknik Mesin S1 sebanyak 35 Wisudawan, Teknik Perkapalan S1 sebanyak 8 Wisudawan, Teknik Sistem Perkapalan S1 sebanyak 4 Wisudawan, Manajemen S1 sebanyak 96 Wisudawan, Akuntansi S1 sebanyak 65 Wisudawan, dan Energi Terbarukan S2 sebanyak 7 Wisudawan.
Status Kepemilikan Kampus UNSADA Pondok Kelapa Jakarta TimurDadang Solihin
Jakarta, 28 September 2018
Untuk mengingatkan kita semua bahwa status tanah kampus Unsada sampai saat ini masih dimiliki oleh pihak lain, yaitu PT. Danayasa Arthatama Tbk (PTDA). Oleh karena itu, seluruh jajaran kampus Unsada supaya memiliki pemahaman yang sama tentang masalah yang tidak boleh dianggap enteng ini yang kelak di kemudian hari tidak menutup kemungkinan akan menimbulkan mala petaka.
Who Dares Wins - Kill or Be Killed, Reaksi Rektor UNSADA terhadap Review Tim ...Dadang Solihin
Jakarta, 27 September 2017
Belum genap dua tahun menjabat sebagai Rektor Unsada, pada tanggal 31 Mei 2017 Yayasan Melati Sakura sudah mengeluarkan review/evaluasi kinerja Rektor yang dikenal sebagai Review Tim Tiga. Bahkan sudah disiapkan calon pengganti Rektor, yaitu Sdr. Agus Salim Dasuki.
The President Can Do No Wrong, Pilpres 2024 dan Cawe-Cawe P JKWDadang Solihin
SBY: Saya ikut tertarik untuk bicara soal “cawe-cawenya Pak Jokowi” dalam Pemilihan Presiden Tahun 2024. Nampaknya masyarakat kita terbelah memaknai istilah cawe-cawe.
Evaluasi Rencana Pembangunan Daerah -Penyelarasan RPJPN-RPJDDadang Solihin
Capacity Building DPRD Provinsi Lampung di Holiday Inn Gajah Mada-Jakarta, 27 Februari 2024
- Apa Itu RPJPD dan RPJMD?
- Apa Itu Pembangunan?
- Visi Indonesia Emas 2045
- 5 Sasaran Visi Indonesia 2025-2045
- 8 Misi Pembangunan
- 17 Arah Pembangunan
- 45 Indikator Utama Pembangunan
- Penyusunan RPJPD 2025-2045
- Evaluasi Penyelarasan RPJPD dengan RPJPN 2025-2045
Royal Enfield is an Indian motorcycle company with British roots. She produces models of old motorcycles, which were very popular at the time, but, despite this, are in demand now. Motorcycles of this brand are also called "time machines".
Royal Enfield is an Indian motorcycle company with British roots. She produces models of old motorcycles, which were very popular at the time, but, despite this, are in demand now. Motorcycles of this brand are also called "time machines".
ROYAL ENFIELD OWNER MANUAL Thunderbird 500Dadang Solihin
Royal Enfield is an Indian motorcycle company with British roots. She produces models of old motorcycles, which were very popular at the time, but, despite this, are in demand now. Motorcycles of this brand are also called "time machines".
ROYAL ENFIELD OWNER MANUAL Interceptor 650Dadang Solihin
Royal Enfield is an Indian motorcycle company with British roots. She produces models of old motorcycles, which were very popular at the time, but, despite this, are in demand now. Motorcycles of this brand are also called "time machines".
ROYAL ENFIELD OWNER MANUAL Himalayan BS IVDadang Solihin
Royal Enfield is an Indian motorcycle company with British roots. She produces models of old motorcycles, which were very popular at the time, but, despite this, are in demand now. Motorcycles of this brand are also called "time machines".
ROYAL ENFIELD CRUSADER 250 Instruction BookDadang Solihin
Royal Enfield is an Indian motorcycle company with British roots. She produces models of old motorcycles, which were very popular at the time, but, despite this, are in demand now. Motorcycles of this brand are also called "time machines".
Royal Enfield is an Indian motorcycle company with British roots. She produces models of old motorcycles, which were very popular at the time, but, despite this, are in demand now. Motorcycles of this brand are also called "time machines".
Financial Assets: Debit vs Equity Securities.pptxWrito-Finance
financial assets represent claim for future benefit or cash. Financial assets are formed by establishing contracts between participants. These financial assets are used for collection of huge amounts of money for business purposes.
Two major Types: Debt Securities and Equity Securities.
Debt Securities are Also known as fixed-income securities or instruments. The type of assets is formed by establishing contracts between investor and issuer of the asset.
• The first type of Debit securities is BONDS. Bonds are issued by corporations and government (both local and national government).
• The second important type of Debit security is NOTES. Apart from similarities associated with notes and bonds, notes have shorter term maturity.
• The 3rd important type of Debit security is TRESURY BILLS. These securities have short-term ranging from three months, six months, and one year. Issuer of such securities are governments.
• Above discussed debit securities are mostly issued by governments and corporations. CERTIFICATE OF DEPOSITS CDs are issued by Banks and Financial Institutions. Risk factor associated with CDs gets reduced when issued by reputable institutions or Banks.
Following are the risk attached with debt securities: Credit risk, interest rate risk and currency risk
There are no fixed maturity dates in such securities, and asset’s value is determined by company’s performance. There are two major types of equity securities: common stock and preferred stock.
Common Stock: These are simple equity securities and bear no complexities which the preferred stock bears. Holders of such securities or instrument have the voting rights when it comes to select the company’s board of director or the business decisions to be made.
Preferred Stock: Preferred stocks are sometime referred to as hybrid securities, because it contains elements of both debit security and equity security. Preferred stock confers ownership rights to security holder that is why it is equity instrument
<a href="https://www.writofinance.com/equity-securities-features-types-risk/" >Equity securities </a> as a whole is used for capital funding for companies. Companies have multiple expenses to cover. Potential growth of company is required in competitive market. So, these securities are used for capital generation, and then uses it for company’s growth.
Concluding remarks
Both are employed in business. Businesses are often established through debit securities, then what is the need for equity securities. Companies have to cover multiple expenses and expansion of business. They can also use equity instruments for repayment of debits. So, there are multiple uses for securities. As an investor, you need tools for analysis. Investment decisions are made by carefully analyzing the market. For better analysis of the stock market, investors often employ financial analysis of companies.
how to sell pi coins on Bitmart crypto exchangeDOT TECH
Yes. Pi network coins can be exchanged but not on bitmart exchange. Because pi network is still in the enclosed mainnet. The only way pioneers are able to trade pi coins is by reselling the pi coins to pi verified merchants.
A verified merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell it to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
Empowering the Unbanked: The Vital Role of NBFCs in Promoting Financial Inclu...Vighnesh Shashtri
In India, financial inclusion remains a critical challenge, with a significant portion of the population still unbanked. Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) have emerged as key players in bridging this gap by providing financial services to those often overlooked by traditional banking institutions. This article delves into how NBFCs are fostering financial inclusion and empowering the unbanked.
Introduction to Indian Financial System ()Avanish Goel
The financial system of a country is an important tool for economic development of the country, as it helps in creation of wealth by linking savings with investments.
It facilitates the flow of funds form the households (savers) to business firms (investors) to aid in wealth creation and development of both the parties
how to sell pi coins at high rate quickly.DOT TECH
Where can I sell my pi coins at a high rate.
Pi is not launched yet on any exchange. But one can easily sell his or her pi coins to investors who want to hold pi till mainnet launch.
This means crypto whales want to hold pi. And you can get a good rate for selling pi to them. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor below.
A vendor is someone who buys from a miner and resell it to a holder or crypto whale.
Here is the telegram contact of my vendor:
@Pi_vendor_247
Even tho Pi network is not listed on any exchange yet.
Buying/Selling or investing in pi network coins is highly possible through the help of vendors. You can buy from vendors[ buy directly from the pi network miners and resell it]. I will leave the telegram contact of my personal vendor.
@Pi_vendor_247
BYD SWOT Analysis and In-Depth Insights 2024.pptxmikemetalprod
Indepth analysis of the BYD 2024
BYD (Build Your Dreams) is a Chinese automaker and battery manufacturer that has snowballed over the past two decades to become a significant player in electric vehicles and global clean energy technology.
This SWOT analysis examines BYD's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats as it competes in the fast-changing automotive and energy storage industries.
Founded in 1995 and headquartered in Shenzhen, BYD started as a battery company before expanding into automobiles in the early 2000s.
Initially manufacturing gasoline-powered vehicles, BYD focused on plug-in hybrid and fully electric vehicles, leveraging its expertise in battery technology.
Today, BYD is the world’s largest electric vehicle manufacturer, delivering over 1.2 million electric cars globally. The company also produces electric buses, trucks, forklifts, and rail transit.
On the energy side, BYD is a major supplier of rechargeable batteries for cell phones, laptops, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems.
how can i use my minded pi coins I need some funds.DOT TECH
If you are interested in selling your pi coins, i have a verified pi merchant, who buys pi coins and resell them to exchanges looking forward to hold till mainnet launch.
Because the core team has announced that pi network will not be doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges like huobi, bitmart and hotbit can get pi is by buying from miners.
Now a merchant stands in between these exchanges and the miners. As a link to make transactions smooth. Because right now in the enclosed mainnet you can't sell pi coins your self. You need the help of a merchant,
i will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant below. 👇 I and my friends has traded more than 3000pi coins with him successfully.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins in all Africa Countries.DOT TECH
Yes. You can sell your pi network for other cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, usdt , Ethereum and other currencies And this is done easily with the help from a pi merchant.
What is a pi merchant ?
Since pi is not launched yet in any exchange. The only way you can sell right now is through merchants.
A verified Pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins from miners and resell them to investors looking forward to hold massive quantities of pi coins before mainnet launch in 2026.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
how to swap pi coins to foreign currency withdrawable.DOT TECH
As of my last update, Pi is still in the testing phase and is not tradable on any exchanges.
However, Pi Network has announced plans to launch its Testnet and Mainnet in the future, which may include listing Pi on exchanges.
The current method for selling pi coins involves exchanging them with a pi vendor who purchases pi coins for investment reasons.
If you want to sell your pi coins, reach out to a pi vendor and sell them to anyone looking to sell pi coins from any country around the globe.
Below is the contact information for my personal pi vendor.
Telegram: @Pi_vendor_247
how to sell pi coins effectively (from 50 - 100k pi)DOT TECH
Anywhere in the world, including Africa, America, and Europe, you can sell Pi Network Coins online and receive cash through online payment options.
Pi has not yet been launched on any exchange because we are currently using the confined Mainnet. The planned launch date for Pi is June 28, 2026.
Reselling to investors who want to hold until the mainnet launch in 2026 is currently the sole way to sell.
Consequently, right now. All you need to do is select the right pi network provider.
Who is a pi merchant?
An individual who buys coins from miners on the pi network and resells them to investors hoping to hang onto them until the mainnet is launched is known as a pi merchant.
debuts.
I'll provide you the Telegram username
@Pi_vendor_247
What price will pi network be listed on exchangesDOT TECH
The rate at which pi will be listed is practically unknown. But due to speculations surrounding it the predicted rate is tends to be from 30$ — 50$.
So if you are interested in selling your pi network coins at a high rate tho. Or you can't wait till the mainnet launch in 2026. You can easily trade your pi coins with a merchant.
A merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold massive quantities till mainnet launch.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi vendor to trade with.
@Pi_vendor_247
If you are looking for a pi coin investor. Then look no further because I have the right one he is a pi vendor (he buy and resell to whales in China). I met him on a crypto conference and ever since I and my friends have sold more than 10k pi coins to him And he bought all and still want more. I will drop his telegram handle below just send him a message.
@Pi_vendor_247
US Economic Outlook - Being Decided - M Capital Group August 2021.pdfpchutichetpong
The U.S. economy is continuing its impressive recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and not slowing down despite re-occurring bumps. The U.S. savings rate reached its highest ever recorded level at 34% in April 2020 and Americans seem ready to spend. The sectors that had been hurt the most by the pandemic specifically reduced consumer spending, like retail, leisure, hospitality, and travel, are now experiencing massive growth in revenue and job openings.
Could this growth lead to a “Roaring Twenties”? As quickly as the U.S. economy contracted, experiencing a 9.1% drop in economic output relative to the business cycle in Q2 2020, the largest in recorded history, it has rebounded beyond expectations. This surprising growth seems to be fueled by the U.S. government’s aggressive fiscal and monetary policies, and an increase in consumer spending as mobility restrictions are lifted. Unemployment rates between June 2020 and June 2021 decreased by 5.2%, while the demand for labor is increasing, coupled with increasing wages to incentivize Americans to rejoin the labor force. Schools and businesses are expected to fully reopen soon. In parallel, vaccination rates across the country and the world continue to rise, with full vaccination rates of 50% and 14.8% respectively.
However, it is not completely smooth sailing from here. According to M Capital Group, the main risks that threaten the continued growth of the U.S. economy are inflation, unsettled trade relations, and another wave of Covid-19 mutations that could shut down the world again. Have we learned from the past year of COVID-19 and adapted our economy accordingly?
“In order for the U.S. economy to continue growing, whether there is another wave or not, the U.S. needs to focus on diversifying supply chains, supporting business investment, and maintaining consumer spending,” says Grace Feeley, a research analyst at M Capital Group.
While the economic indicators are positive, the risks are coming closer to manifesting and threatening such growth. The new variants spreading throughout the world, Delta, Lambda, and Gamma, are vaccine-resistant and muddy the predictions made about the economy and health of the country. These variants bring back the feeling of uncertainty that has wreaked havoc not only on the stock market but the mindset of people around the world. MCG provides unique insight on how to mitigate these risks to possibly ensure a bright economic future.
Currently pi network is not tradable on binance or any other exchange because we are still in the enclosed mainnet.
Right now the only way to sell pi coins is by trading with a verified merchant.
What is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone verified by pi network team and allowed to barter pi coins for goods and services.
Since pi network is not doing any pre-sale The only way exchanges like binance/huobi or crypto whales can get pi is by buying from miners. And a merchant stands in between the exchanges and the miners.
I will leave the telegram contact of my personal pi merchant. I and my friends has traded more than 6000pi coins successfully
Tele-gram
@Pi_vendor_247
Policy Implementation of Poverty Alleviation in Lebak District of Banten Province
1.
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Policy Implementation of Poverty Alleviation in Lebak District of
Banten Province
Dadang Solihin
Abstract
The phenomena used as the object of this research were the implementations of poverty alleviation policies in Lebak
District, Banten province, which was the district with the highest poverty in the province. The research objectives were
to uncover and address issues of policy implementations on poverty alleviation through Rural PNPM in Lebak, and to
acquire a new concepts of the implementation of poverty policy in order to improve the effectiveness of the handling
problems of rural poverty in disadvantaged areas.
The obtained conclusions were that the implementations of poverty alleviation policy in Lebak were optimal
but not maximal. Implementations of poverty alleviation policy were judged quite optimal, since the implementations
of the policy that apply in the form of Rural PNPM Mandiri successfully accommodate the aspirations, motivate and
mobilize the potential of rural communities to jointly carry out activities such as the development of infrastructures of
village road; and savings and loans for women. Policy implementatios of poverty alleviation in Lebak were not
maximal, since the implementatios of the policy were not based on the support of budget resources, incentives of
economic infrastructures and social networking infrastructure which were needed to address the overall problems of
rural poverty in disadvantaged areas. Those conclusions were reinforced by empirical findings that indicated weakness
in the implementation of standards and policy objectives as well as the lack of the provision on budget resources and
incentives.
Keywords: Policy Implementation of Poverty Alleviation, Rural PNPM Mandiri, Policy Standards and Objectives,
Resources and Incentives
Introduction
As the poor population in Indonesia, reported by Coordinating Ministry of Society Welfare 2008, were
amounted to 30.036.353 persons associated with total of budget allocation for Community Direct Aid (BLM)
amounted to Rp. 6.568.610 million, the resources and the efforts streamlining the poverty alleviation were not
optimal. Moreover, when those resources and efforts met with condition and situation faced by Indonesia nowadays
which still faced various problems such as the high cost of education, the high cost of health and the high cost of basic
needs. Meanwhile, the increasing of unemployment, low income of villagers and the higher cost of election, were
strengthening the belief that the efforts of poor community empowerment have not been effective yet.
One spesific area with the high number poor population in in Java was Lebak district. This district is one of
many districts in Banten Province which had the largest number of poor people amounted to 52.8% of poor
households. One of the poverty alleviation programmes conducted in Lebak was the National Programme for
Community Empowerment “Mandiri” in Rural area (called Rural PNPM Mandiri), which was distributed to several
districts in Lebak.
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Rural PNPM Mandiri was a programme to accelerate poverty alleviation in an integrated and sustainable way
(The Technical Operational Guidance of Rural PNPM Mandiri, Directorate General for Rural and Community
Empowerment, Ministry of Home Affairs 2008). This programme was expected to increase prosperity and job
opportunities of the poor in rural areas by encouraging independence of community in decision making and
management of development. Poverty alleviation policy through Rural PNPM Mandiri programme was conducted in
the Sub District Cikulur in Lebak District with expectations that the poor in this area could be more prosperous and
independent. Policy could be valued as good policy if the implementation could be run properly in accordance with its
planning. So, it was necessary to make a research about the problems faced in the implementation of poverty
alleviation policies, especially in Lebak district.
Literature Review
Theory of Implementation of Public policy
Model of public policy implementation given by Van Meter and Van Horn mentioned by oleh Hill and Hupe
was relevant to criticize the policy implementation of poverty alleviation . Hill and Hupe (2002:45) said :
Van Meter and Van Horns’s presentation of their theoretical perspective starts with a consideration of the
need to classify policies in terms that will throw light upon implementation difficulties. Their approach is
comparative simple. They suggest that there is a need to take into account the among of change required and
the level of consensus. Hence they hypothesize that implementation will be most successful where only marginal
change is required and goal consensus is high’. They present this, however, in term of an interrelationship,
suggesting, for example, that high consensus may make high change possible, as in a wartime situation. We will
see that a number of subsequent theorists have tried to get beyond these very basic propositions about the
characteristics of policy, though with only limited success. Van Meter and Van Horn go on to suggest a model in
which six variables are linked dynamically to the production of an outcome ‘performance’.
Van Meter and Van Horn (in Hill and Hupe, 2002:46) described six variables determining the policy
performance from the implementations of public policy as followed:
- policy standards and objectives, which elaborate on the overall goals of the policy decision… to provide
concrete and more specific standards for assessing performance;
- the resources and incentives made available;
- the quality of inter-organizational relationship;
- the characteristics of the implementation agencies, including issues like organizational control but also,
going back surely to inter-organizational issues, ‘the agency’s formal and informal linkages with the
“policy-making” or “policy-enforcing” body;
- the economic, social and political environment; and
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- the ‘disposition’ or response of the implementers, involving three elements: ‘their cognition (comprehension,
understanding) of the policy, the direction of their response to it (acceptance, neutrality, rejection) and the
intensity of that response.
The description above mentioned that there were six variables forming the policy performance, as followed:
policy standards and objectives, resources and incentives, the quality of inter-organizational relationship, the
characteristics of implementing agencies, social environment, economy and politics, and implementer responses. In
the context of the policy implementations of poverty alleviation in Lebak, the author assembled a concept of the
understanding: (1) policy standards and objectives could be defined as objectives and the standards of goal
achievement on the implementation of poverty alleviation policies (2) the resources and incentives could be
interpreted as resources and incentives on the policiy implementations of poverty alleviation, (3) the quality of
inter-organizational relationships could be defined as the quality of inter-organizational relationship related to the
process of implementation of poverty alleviation policies, (4) characteristics of the agency of policy implementation or
better known as the status, powers and functions of each agency involved in the process of implementation of poverty
alleviation policies, (5) social environment, economics and politics could be interpreted as a socio-economic
conditions of communities in the area of implementation of poverty alleviation policies, namely Lebak district, and (6)
response of the implementers could be interpreted as a tendency of responsibility by policy implementers which were
include awareness, direction and intensity of the responsibility for implementation of poverty alleviation policies.
Based on the theory of policy implementation by Van Meter and Van Horn (in Hill and Hupe, 2002:46), the
Implementations of poverty alleviation policies in improving the welfare of poor households were seen as a process of
implementation of the National Program for Rural Community Empowerment (PNPM Rural) revealed from a series of
critical factors which included policy standards and objectives, resources and incentives, quality of interorganizational
relationships, characteristics of the implementation agencies, economic, social and political environment, and the
response of the Implementers. From this point of view, it could be drawn some principal questions include: Principal
questions about the policy standards and objectives; Principal questions about raising and utilization of resources and
incentives; Principal questions about the quality of interorganizational relationships: Principal questions about the
characteristics of the implementation agencies; Principal questions about the condition economic, social and political
environment, and Principal questions about the response of the Implementers.
Materials and Methods
The research used qualitative methodology approach. The informants on this research were sixteen people
which consisted of ten (10) experts of poor community development, four (4) local officials, dan 2 activists Rural
PNPM Mandiri. The determination of those informants used purposive sampling methods. The collection of secondary
data used literature review, documentary studies and observations. The collection of primary data used interview
methods using interview guidance which containing principals of open questions. The analysis of the data used
descriptive analysis methods.
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The object of this research were the phenomena of policy implementations of poverty alleviation conducted in
the form of Rural PNPM Mandiri in North Cigoong village and south Cigoong village located in Cikulur sub-district,
district of Lebak, Banten Province.
Results and Discussions
From the discussion that were focused on the approach of public policy implementation theory by Van Meter
and Van Horn, it were identified the weaknesses in implementation process on the policy of poverty alleviation in
Lebak. Those weaknesses were identified from the application of policy standards and objectives that were
inappropriate with the dimensions of poverty problems in rural community in disadvantaged areas, and the limited of
resources and incentives to actualize the policy standards and objectives according to the complexity problem of rural
poverty in disadvantaged areas.
Implementations of policy standards and objectives in the implementation process of poverty alleviation
policy in Lebak were based on the Operational Directive (PO) of Rural PNPM issued by the Directorate General of
Rural Community Development (DG PMD) in the Ministry of Home Affair. In the PO was stated:
“Policy of regional development acceleration, especially in rural areas, is the main focus of Rural PNPM
Mandiri. PNPM Mandiri program aims to improve the resource potential of rural areas by improving the
quality of societal life through educations, economics, socials, cultures and infrastructures.”
Based on therotical view, the policy statement mentioned above were ideal, but its implementations were not
likely to succeed on improving the quality of rural life through educations, economics, socials, cultures and
infrastructures, when the resources and incentives that were defined as environmental resources and incentives to
change the fate of the poor become prosperous and independent, were very limited. Or it could be stated that the
supply of environmental resources (economic conditions, social and cultural conditions, and the provision of
infrastructures) and incentives to increase the income of poor families were not sufficient to actualize the policy
standards and the standards of the objective achievement as stated by the PO Rural PMPN Mandiri, published by DG
PMD. It was impressed that the goal of Rural PNPM as stated in the PO ignored the objective conditions of local
resources which were the integral part of the objective conditions of rural poverty. The policy statement clearly did not
consider to the fact that the structures of the poverty problems in certain area that consisted of poor areas, poor
households and poor population. By understanding those structures, it would be difficult to actualize the policiy
standards and the standards of the objective achievement of poverty alleviation as stated in the PO of Rural PNPM
Mandiri, if the support of resources and incentives to ctualize the policy goals were very limited. In this context, the
phenomena of poverty in Lebak were very clearly correlated with actual connditions of Lebak as disadvantaged areas,
or more appropriately called “poor areas”.
Because of the considerations that the structures of the poverty problems in an area were so complex
correlated with many factors, and it showed the characteristics of the problems were different with other areas, so the
problems of the poverty alleviation policy such as in Lebak District were believed to occur also in other poor areas,
especially in the poor areas in eastern part of Indonesia. If the policy formulation contained in the PO of Rural PMPN
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Mandiri and other poverty alleviation policies in other sectors were not immediately adjusted to the characteristics of
the structures of poverty problems in each region, and also did not pay attention to the consequences of decentralization
and regional autonomy policies, then the success of efforts to alleviate poverty in Indonesia were limited only to the
"performance statistics" term.
From the contexts explained above, it was unwise if the government was only relied on quantitative approach to
assess the success of the efforts on poverty alleviation. Qualitative approach was also required to assess the reality of
the success of poverty alleviation. For example, if there were a hundred poor families in certain area,and then through
the Rural PNPM Mandiri activity or other programmes, those poor families could be reduced to 50 poor families. The
successful of the reduction of the number of poor families turned out to be valued by only indicator of the increasing
income from these poor families, considering they succeed to manage venture capital assistance given by government.
The increasing income of poor families and the decreasing number of poor families were insignificance if they were
related to inflation rate which always increased, the high cost of education, cost of health, cost of transportation and the
very-limited job opportunity. Based on this perspective were fairness and objectivity be required revealing the success
of poverty alleviation. It meant that success and failure of the policy implementations of poverty alleviation actualized
in a variety of PNPM Mandiri packages should be examined thoroughly and be associated with overall problems of
poverty in rural communities, especially rural communities in disadvantaged areas such as Lebak district.
Based on the fact of the policy implementations of poverty alleviation and noticing successes and failures of
those policy implementations, the policy implementations of poverty alleviation in Lebak deemed worthy to be optimal
but not maximal. This assessment can be explained that the policy implementations of poverty reduction in Lebak
considered to be quite optimal, since the implementation of poverty alleviation policies applied in the form of Rural
PNPM Mandiri were succeed to accomodate the aspirations, motivate and mobilize the potential of rural community to
jointly carried out activites such as the development of infrastructures of village road and savings and loans for
women. Policy mplementations of poverty alleviation in Lebak were not maximal because these implementations were
not based on the support of budget resources, economic infrastructural incentives and social networking that were
needed to address the overall poverty problems of rural communities in disadvantaged areas. Poverty problems of rural
communities in disadvantaged areas were not restricted only to economic issues, but also involved non-economic
issues such as intellectual limitations, the weakness of mental attitude, physical constraints, and limitation of social
resources. These issues were clearly not independent, since so many factors correlated or affected by one to another.
These problems seemed more comprehensive when it were correlated with the fact that Lebak was a disadvantaged
areas which still faced a series of problems such as regional infrastructures and sicio-cultural constraints. Therefore, it
could be concluded that the policy implementations of poverty alleviation in Lebak were optimal but not maximal
considering regional infrastructures and sicio-cultural constraints.
The conclusion was strengthened by empirical findings that indicated a weakness in the implementation of
policy standards and standards of goal achievement as well as the lack of provision of budget resources and incentives.
Those two points weaknesses were affected each other. Empirical findings could be explained the following:
First, the weakness of the implementation of policy standards and the achievement of policy objectives were
that the formulations of poverty alleviation policies were centralized, so it were ineffective and inefficient to address
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the poverty problems of rural communities in disadvantaged areas. It were considered as ineffective and inefficient,
because of the centralized policy tends to equate the problems of poverty conditions in different rural areas and
regions; caused a range of a long and very hierarchical standard operating procedure; widened the opportunities for
wastefulness and deviation of resources; and inappropriated with the demands of the implementation of government
system that followed policy of decentralization and regional autonomy. Therefore implementations of standards and
policy objectives of poverty alleviation which were centrally determined were not maximal to solve the overall poverty
problems of rural community in disadvantaged areas. This issue in Lebak district was associated with the limited of
budget resources and incentives.
Second, the lack of resources and incentives were not only an obstacle in the process of policy
implementations of poverty alleviation, but also an obstacle to development in Lebak which still had the status as
disadvantaged areas. Based on these conditions, the allocations of budgetary resources from the government through
the implementation of the Rural PNPM Mandiri and other poverty alleviation programmes were not automatically able
to cope with the overall poverty problems of rural communities in Lebak district. If this issue was getting worse when
the lack of budgetary resources was not accompanied by the provision of incentives such as provision of infrastructures
of regional economy and widely social networks, then automatically the implementations of the policy were not
maximal to solve the overall poverty problems of rural communities in disadvantaged areas.
To that end, national policies for poverty alleviation in Indonesia were needed to be reformulated into poverty
alleviationn policies which were structured according to the structural problems of poverty in each region and adjusted
with the implementation of the governmental system that followed the pattern of decentralization and regional
autonomy. In this context, the reformulation of poverty alleviation policies in Indonesia must be based on the synergy
of balance between the determination of standards and policy objectives, with the capacity of the support of resources
and incentives to implement those standards and policy objectives.
Concluding Remarks
The result of this research represented that policy implementations of poverty alleviation in North Cigoong
Village and South Cigoong Village in Sub district Cikulur, using theory of public policy implementation approach by
Van Meter and Von Horn, and with consideration that the implementations of the policy might represent the
phenomena on implementations of poverty alleviation policy in Lebak, then the conclusions were given as follows:
Policy Implementations of poverty alleviation in Lebak district were optimal but not maximal. This
implementations were decided to be optimal, since the implementation, in the form of Rural PNPM Mandiri,
successfully accommodated society’s aspirations, motivated them and mobilized the potential of rural community to
jointly carried out activities such as the development of infrastructures of village road as well as savings and loans for
women. Policy implementations of poverty alleviation in Lebak were not maximal, since this implementations were
not based on the support of budget resources, incentives of economic infrastructures and social networking that were
needed to address the overall poverty problems of rural community in disadvantaged areas. This conclusions were
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reinforced by empirical findings that indicated the weakness on the implementation of policy standards, the
achievement of the goals and the availability of budget resources and incentives.
The new concepts obtained were about the policy of poverty alleviation that synergized the balance of
determination of the objective standards and target policy with the capacity of resource supports and incentives, which
were formulated based on the policy of decentralization and regional autonomy; and were implemented with the
approach of Poverty Alleviation’s Trilogy including Coping Strategies of Poor Areas; Coping Strategies of Poor
Households; and Coping Strategies of the Poor. The success of coping strategies for poor areas were based on the
indicators of Regional GDP growth; the success of coping strategies for poor households were based on Human
Development Index, and the success strategies for the poor based on indicators such as change in mental attitude and
the development of value systems of the society.
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