Social Psychology

1. 1Theory of Planned Behaviour
Theory of Planned Behaviour:
An Exclusive Assessment of Song Composition
Ng J.
Taylor’s University

2. 2Theory of Planned Behaviour
Abstract
This paper focus on the survey and research on patient’s song composition for the next two
years. The review of literature in this paper leads to the research questions: Is the Chinese
female patient who suffered from major mental depression going to compose songs for the
next two years? The methods chosen to answer the research question would be based on the
concepts learnt in the class and survey with constructed questionnaires.

3. 3Theory of Planned Behaviour
Despite countless literature contexts justified the result of the song composition by the
female patient, yet the frameworks of her attitudes must be studied in terms of context
through the survey with constructed questionnaires.
Literature Review
Questioning Method
According to Andrew Davidson and James Jaccard (1979), cited by Saul Kassin,
Steven Fein, and Hazel Rose Markus (2011), attitude measured in a series of questions from
very general to very specific. They experimentally used attitudes predict whether woman use
birth control pills within the next two years, from very general, such as ‘How do you feel
about birth control?’, to very specific, such as ‘How do you feel about using birth control
pills during the next two years?’.
Theory of Planned Behaviour
Aimed at understanding by what means we change the behaviour of people, Icek
Ajzen (1988, 1991) presented his theory of planned behaviour, which predicts deliberate
behaviour, as behaviour can be deliberative and planned. Concurring to his principles, human
action is channelled by three kinds of reflexions: (1) behavioural beliefs, beliefs about the
likely consequences of the behaviour, (2) normative beliefs: beliefs about the normative
expectations of others, and (3) control beliefs (beliefs about the presence of factors that may
facilitate or impede performance of behaviour.
In their respective frameworks, behavioural beliefs produce a favourable or
unfavourable attitude towards the behaviour, normative beliefs result in perceived social
pressure or subjective norm, and control beliefs give rise to perceived behavioural control.
Generally, the more favourable the attitude and subjective norm and the greater the perceived

4. 4Theory of Planned Behaviour
control, the stronger should be the person’s intention to perform the behaviour. The figure 1.1
below shows the theory of planned behaviour:
Songs, People and Society
According to Pennee Bender, Joshua Brown, and Roy Rosenzweig (1999), songs perform
uniformity and commonness in group in terms of their action and emotional expression. They
enunciated that anthems as well as songs emerged when national crisis could outline group’s
identity and solidarity. Behavioural model and self-imaging is advocated such as the
submission of people to non-conformist identities; judgmental or conflictual manifestation is
involved in lifestyles, values and appearance, such as the responsiveness among singers in
aspects of anti-southern opinions (Bender, Brown, and Rosenzweig, 1999).
As a result of their historical interpretation, songs are considered as reflections of the
society and culture that composer produced; later, historian used the song’s illustrations to
recite the existing societal and cultural background, such as the anti-drinking song like
“Come Home Father” (1864) could be denoted as the nineteenth-century Americans were
concerned and opposed about alcohol abuse. Associated with this interpretation, varied
clarification likewise persisted such as in relation to other popular texts or different
denotation, in turn make music a forum for public debate about manners, morals, politics, and
social change (Bender, Brown, and Rosenzweig, 1999).
Attitude toward a
behaviour
Subjective norms
Perceived
behaviour control
Behavioural
intention
Behaviour

5. 5Theory of Planned Behaviour
The method that follows will attempt to answer the following research questions:
(1) How does the behavioural, normative and control beliefs influenced the Chinese
female patient’s intentions and in turn guided her behaviours?
(2) Why does the behavioural, normative and control beliefs influenced the Chinese
female patient’s intentions and in turn guided her behaviours?
Methodology
The following features of questionnaire constructions are based on the appendix in
Fishbein M. and Ajzen I. (2010).
Formative Research
By defining the behaviour, I chose to research on the activity of composing songs on
narrative verses for the next two years. By specifying the research population, I aimed to
study about student who experienced major mental depression or dreamed to become a
contemporary novelist who aim to understand artistic culture and voices.
TBS Questionnaire Construction
As for attitude in terms of instrumental and experiential aspects, my song composition
for the next two years will be, between bad and good is rated 4 of 7, pleasant and unpleasant
is rated 7 of 7.
As for perceived norm in terms of injunctive and descriptive aspects, most people
who are important to me approve my songs composition for the next two years, between
agree and disagree is rated 6 of 7; most people like me composed songs for the next two
years, between unlikely and likely is rated 6 of 7.
As for perceived behavioural control in terms of capacity and autonomy aspects, I am
confident that I can composed songs for the next two years, between true and false is rated 6

6. 6Theory of Planned Behaviour
of 7; my songs composition for the next two years is up to me, between disagree and agree is
rated 7 of 7.
As for intention, I intend to compose songs for the next two years, between likely and
unlikely is rated 7 of 7.
As for past behaviour, in the past two years I have composed songs, between likely
and unlikely is rated 1 of 7.
TPB Questionnaire Construction
As for behavioural outcomes, I see the advantages of composing songs for the next
two years as the learning on culture of liberation and formation of societal voices; I see the
disadvantages of composing songs for the next two years as the openness on expression of
pleasure; the notion comes to mind when I think about composing songs for the next two
years is the nurtured maturity in preparation for the sensuality of songs composition.
As for normative referents, the individuals or groups who would approve or think I
should composed songs for the next two years will be contemporary novelists and composers,
innovationist and youngsters; the individuals or groups who would disapprove or think I
should not composed songs are conservative family members and other non-conformists who
wish not to try and learnt from the societal cultures; the individuals or groups, after major
mental depression, are most likely to compose songs are religionists, singers and culturists;
the individuals or groups, after major mental depression, are least likely to compose songs are
conservationists, conformists, and non-religionists.
As for control factors, the factors or circumstances that would make it easy or enable
me to compose songs are enrolment of song composition courses in Art University, one-year
recuperation period for major mental depression, and cross-communication with different
country and cultural background people; the factors or circumstances that would make it

7. 7Theory of Planned Behaviour
difficult or prevent me from composing songs are family objection, discouragement from
biased people, and lack of financial support.
Standard Questionnaires (Modal Salient Beliefs)
The behavioural beliefs and outcome evaluations measured, the focus is on the sample
outcome of faster recovery from major mental depression. As for behavioural belief strength,
my song composition for the next two years will result in my having a faster recovery from
major mental depression, between likely and unlikely is rated 7 of 7. As for the outcome
evaluation, my having a faster recovery from major mental depression, between good and bad
is rated 4 of 7.
As for injunctive normative beliefs and motivation to comply measured, the focus is
on the sample injunctive normative referent: my family. As for injunctive normative belief
strength, my networking groups think that, between I should and I should not (is rated 5 of 7)
compose songs for the next two years. As for motivation to comply, when it comes to matters
of art, I want to do what my networking groups thinks I should do, between agree and
disagree is rated 6 of 7.
As for the descriptive normative beliefs and identification with the referent measured
the focus is on sample descriptive normative referent: my networking groups. As for the
descriptive normative belief strength, most of my networking groups who have undergone
major mental depression have composed songs for the next two years following counselling
and medication, between false and true is rated 4 of 7. As for identification with the referent,
when it comes to matters of art, how much do I want to be like my networking groups,
between very much and not at all is rated 1 of 7.
As for control beliefs and power of control factors measured, the focus is on sample
control factor: mental happiness. As for the control belief strength, I expect that I will have

8. 8Theory of Planned Behaviour
mental happiness for the next two years, between likely and unlikely is rated 1 of 7. As for
power of control factor, having mental happiness would enable me to compose song for the
next two years, between disagree and agree is rated 7 of 7.
Direct Measures
As for the attitude assessment, I observed people who suffered from major mental
depression to compose songs for the recovery from the illness. I discovered those who
suffered from autism and psychosis perceived a higher motivation, determination and
understanding to cultivate their passion for song composition in the terms of recovery and in
their recuperation period. In assessing perceived norm, I realized those who greatly love and
concern for their interests supported their will to compose songs; as for those who are
religious and has the freedom of religious expression, they have their religious community’s
support to create peace, joy, unity and philosophy through their passion.
As for those who are conservative, misunderstood and biased about their passion,
hardworking, motive and determination discouraged them in terms of their song composition.
In assessing perceived behavioural control, I recognized the objection and discouragement
from the closely-related groups had certainly adopt other alternative despite of their passion
and positive attraction; while the encouragement of people who had the same interests had
certainly inspire, motivate, initiate and innovate them to compose song over their boundaries.
In assessing intention, I understood their intention composing and qualitative and quantitative
songs were truly influenced by their networking groups in the next two years, which would
shaped their philosophy and psychology of their new approach.
Other Measures

9. 9Theory of Planned Behaviour
According to the approach to novelists, most female, youngsters, mix-races, Western
ethnicity, intermediate education groups, westernized region citizens, and those who
remained single preferably to compose songs in the next two years.
As assessing the personality variables, I concluded the interested groups preferable for
song composition for the next two years: extroverts were more than introverts, agreeable
groups were more than benevolent groups, undependable groups were more than
conscientious groups, emotional stable groups were more than neurotic groups, and
imaginative groups were more than lacking intellect groups.

10. 10Theory of Planned Behaviour
References
Kassin, S., Fein, S., & Markus, H. R. (2011). Social Psychology. Belmont: Wadsworth.
Ajzen, I. (1988, 1991). Summary of the Theory of Planned Behaviour. Value Based
Management Website.
Bender, P., Brown, J., & Rosenzweig, R. (1999-2012). What Can Songs Tell Us About
People And Society? History Matters: The U. S. Survey Course on the Web.
Ajzen, I. (1988). Constructing a Theory of Planned Behaviour Questionnaire. UMass
Amherst Information Technology.