Jason Switzer, Director, Corporate Consulting, Pembina Institute, spoke at the CEC Joint Public Advisory Committee's forum on Greening North America's Energy Economy in Calgary on April 25, 2013. More at: http://cec.org/jpacenergy
Engaging presentation on global warming based upon a Frontline episode called Heat. Presented by Learn, Share Act.
Visit: http://learnshareact.com See how you can make a difference.
Team Profile:
Team E.P.A.T comprises of 4 individuals with their own distinct ideologies and creative spasms. Every
Individual here is an Undergraduate student of BSMRMU, Dhaka with one among us from a different
educational major. Each of us carry our own set of ethics and skills; but all were united in the Front to
establish this concept into the basis of a reality project. We divided our workspaces and worked in each
of our assigned tasks with personal strengths. Through dedication & research and the aggravated use of
the Internet as both source and communication, we were able to construct a project that started from
nothing to now something; the combined ideology that coincides with our personal goals
Abstract:
In order to preserve our way of life, it is high time we shifted focus towards better initiatives at
necessary costs. Harnessing our environment by enterprising nature’s fortification will provide a strong
starting platform and bring Blessings in the long term.
The diesel engine is the most efficient prime mover commonly available today. These magnificent
machines help move a large portion of the world's goods, power much of the world's equipment, and
generate electricity more economically than any other device in their size range. But even with so many
positives, its source of power (Diesel) is at the center of many of our world’s environmental problems.
Being one of the largest contributors to environmental pollution problems worldwide, it also boasts the
malefic distinguishment of being a prime cause for Human Cancer, global warming and directly involved
with spoilage of land fertility & Marine-life.
As a Counter-measure, Bio-diesel allows us to successfully minimize these negative effects and provide
sustainability. It proves to be the best replacement because of its unique properties like significant
reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, non-sulphur emissions, non-particulate matter pollutants, low
toxicity and biodegradability. Cost is reduced using waste cooking oil as feedstock whose rather
detrimental effects on our environment and human bodies are reversed into proper sources of diverse
energy. If implemented properly, a Bio-diesel station could revolutionize the fuel market with the added
bonus of being opportunistic, environment- friendly and source of employment. This could be an
initiative profitable for both the environment and livelihoods.
Engaging presentation on global warming based upon a Frontline episode called Heat. Presented by Learn, Share Act.
Visit: http://learnshareact.com See how you can make a difference.
Team Profile:
Team E.P.A.T comprises of 4 individuals with their own distinct ideologies and creative spasms. Every
Individual here is an Undergraduate student of BSMRMU, Dhaka with one among us from a different
educational major. Each of us carry our own set of ethics and skills; but all were united in the Front to
establish this concept into the basis of a reality project. We divided our workspaces and worked in each
of our assigned tasks with personal strengths. Through dedication & research and the aggravated use of
the Internet as both source and communication, we were able to construct a project that started from
nothing to now something; the combined ideology that coincides with our personal goals
Abstract:
In order to preserve our way of life, it is high time we shifted focus towards better initiatives at
necessary costs. Harnessing our environment by enterprising nature’s fortification will provide a strong
starting platform and bring Blessings in the long term.
The diesel engine is the most efficient prime mover commonly available today. These magnificent
machines help move a large portion of the world's goods, power much of the world's equipment, and
generate electricity more economically than any other device in their size range. But even with so many
positives, its source of power (Diesel) is at the center of many of our world’s environmental problems.
Being one of the largest contributors to environmental pollution problems worldwide, it also boasts the
malefic distinguishment of being a prime cause for Human Cancer, global warming and directly involved
with spoilage of land fertility & Marine-life.
As a Counter-measure, Bio-diesel allows us to successfully minimize these negative effects and provide
sustainability. It proves to be the best replacement because of its unique properties like significant
reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, non-sulphur emissions, non-particulate matter pollutants, low
toxicity and biodegradability. Cost is reduced using waste cooking oil as feedstock whose rather
detrimental effects on our environment and human bodies are reversed into proper sources of diverse
energy. If implemented properly, a Bio-diesel station could revolutionize the fuel market with the added
bonus of being opportunistic, environment- friendly and source of employment. This could be an
initiative profitable for both the environment and livelihoods.
In this you will find the types of renewable resources available and used in this planet. you will also find the challenges which India face to implement those resources and finally you will find the way to overcome those resources. In this u will find a way to overcome conventional energy sources with the help of renewable energy sources.
What is carbon-negative technology and its remarkable impact on the environment?mohammedmostafa86
New and promising environmental methods and techniques, primarily negative carbon technology, are working towards a better future for the environment and solving its major problems, including climate change.
Answer the question What is carbon-negative technology and its remarkable impact on the environment?
New and promising environmental methods and techniques, primarily negative carbon technology, are working towards a better future for the environment and solving its major problems, including climate change.
"" is an initiative undertaken by the members of the French Nuclear Energy Society (SFEN), the American Nuclear Society (ANS) and the European Nuclear Society (ENS). It brings together nuclear scientists from all parts of the globe, through the representation of 60 regional and national nuclear associations.
In this you will find the types of renewable resources available and used in this planet. you will also find the challenges which India face to implement those resources and finally you will find the way to overcome those resources. In this u will find a way to overcome conventional energy sources with the help of renewable energy sources.
What is carbon-negative technology and its remarkable impact on the environment?mohammedmostafa86
New and promising environmental methods and techniques, primarily negative carbon technology, are working towards a better future for the environment and solving its major problems, including climate change.
Answer the question What is carbon-negative technology and its remarkable impact on the environment?
New and promising environmental methods and techniques, primarily negative carbon technology, are working towards a better future for the environment and solving its major problems, including climate change.
"" is an initiative undertaken by the members of the French Nuclear Energy Society (SFEN), the American Nuclear Society (ANS) and the European Nuclear Society (ENS). It brings together nuclear scientists from all parts of the globe, through the representation of 60 regional and national nuclear associations.
Sustainable Computing and Telecom Can Contribute to Limiting Global Climatic ...Larry Smarr
10.07.28
Invited Seminar
AT&T Shannon Labs
Title: Sustainable Computing and Telecom Can Contribute to Limiting Global Climatic Disruption
Florham Park, NJ
Eni: Integrated Model for Sustainable Energy Resource DevelopmentEni
Developing sustainable energy: Eni’s Integrated Model is a presentation to investors of the basic principles that feature the sustainability of Eni’s way of working.
Webinar: Green Hydrogen and Green Fuels – The Future of EnergyBIS Research Inc.
Visit these related reports for more information on our coverage for Green Hydrogen and Green Fuels.
Samples are available on request or you may also download the Table of Contents.
Green Methanol Market: https://bisresearch.com/industry-report/green-methanol-market.html
Green Hydrogen Market: https://bisresearch.com/industry-report/green-hydrogen-market.html
Green Ammonia Market: https://bisresearch.com/industry-report/green-ammonia-market.html
Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage Market: https://bisresearch.com/industry-report/carbon-capture-utilization-storage-market.html
The best overview of CO2 EOR I've seen crabtreeSteve Wittrig
Brad Crabtree, "The critical role of CCS and EOR in managing US carbon emissions" in "CO2 Summit II: Technologies and
Opportunities", Holly Krutka, Tri-State Generation & Transmission Association Inc. Frank Zhu, UOP/Honeywell Eds, ECI Symposium Series, (2016). http://dc.engconfintl.org/co2_summit2/3
This is a detailed presentation that looks at carbon neutral design protocol and compares it to LEED Platinum. The presentation examines the LEED credits for those useful in targeting a low carbon building.
Do contrasting social expectations along with biological differences lead men and women to be affected differently by environmental contaminants like mercury or pesticides? How do gender and sex interact and impact population health? Professor Donna Mergler has authored more than 150 scientific articles and has given many lectures around the world on the subject, and will share her research on how to promote social and gender considerations when conducting environmental health research.
Glen P. Kedzie, Vice President, Energy and Environmental Council, American Trucking Associations spoke at the CEC's Joint Public Advisory Committee round table on sustainable transportation in North America on July 10, 2013. More at: http://cec.org/council2013
Diane Gray, President and CEO, CentrePort Canada, Inc., spoke during the CEC's Joint Public Advisory Committee's round table on sustainable transportation on July 10, 2013. More info. at http://cec.org/council2013
Abel López Dodero, coordinador de la Dirección de Sistemas Integrados de Transporte, CTS EMBARQ México, habló durante las mesas redondas de discusión del Comité Consultivo Público Conjunto sobre transporte sustentable en América del Norte el 10 de julio de 2013. Más información en http://cec.org/consejo2013
More from North American Commission for Environmental Cooperation (20)
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2. 2
Leading Canada’s transition to a
clean energy future
The Pembina Institute is a national
non-profit think tank that advances
clean energy solutions through
research, education, consulting and
advocacy.
4. Current Oilsands Development Trajectory is
Inconsistent with Canada’s Climate Commitment
Environment Canada GHG Forecast 2012
3.2 Mb/d
1.6 Mb/d
5. Real Danger of Wasted Capital and
Stranded Assets
5
Unburnable Carbon – Are the world’s financial markets carrying a
carbon bubble? Carbon Tracker Initiative, 2013
‘using just the reserves
listed on the world’s
stock markets in the
next 40 years would
be enough to take us
beyond 2C of global
warming.’
6. Natural Gas as Share of Grid Power Mix
near-term GHG benefits, but lock-in risk, uncertain lifecycle benefits
IEA: Natural gas-fired power generation must decrease after
2030 to meet the CO2 emissions projected in the 2DS.
Note: Natural gas-fired generation includes generation in power plants equipped with CCS units.
Biogas is not included.
4 Degree Warming 2 Degree Warming40%
30%
20%
10. 10
Clean Energy Intrapreneurs
& Entrepreneurs:
individuals and organizations that
design, develop and manufacture energy
technologies and/or provide supporting
services that meaningfully reduce energy’s
environmental footprint
11. 11
Push Send the right price signals
• Eliminate preferential tax
treatment for fossil fuel
production
• Establish national carbon price
13. 13
Enhance Access to Capital
• Public and Private Clean Energy
Venture Funds (e.g.
SDTC, Cenovus Opportunity Fund)
• Government-backed ‘Green’ Bonds
• ‘Flow Thru Shares’
Enable
14. 14
http://www.pembina.org/blog/692
1/5 of North American
RE investment
2 of top 10 RE technology
patent holdings
Leading in
geothermal, biofuels
Opportunities
Co-produced hot fluids
Solar & Biomass for EOR
Post-SAGD Heat Recovery
Exploit Niche Synergies with Oil & GasAccelerate
17. PULL
17
The clean energy innovation & diffusion chain
Source: modified from Jenkins and Mansur
Overcome Innovation Road BlocksProblem
R&D
PROTOTYPE/
PROOF OF
CONCEPT
PILOT
COMMERCIALIZATION/
MATURATION
MATURITY/
PRICE
COMPETITION
VENTURE CAPITAL DEBT FINANCING
PRIVATE EQUITY
TECHNOLOGICAL
VALLEY OF DEATH
COMMERCIALIZATION
VALLEY OF DEATH
ACCELERATE LEARNING CURVE
PUSH
18. 18
Best reserves developed first
Reserve performance declines
over time
In-situ GHG emissions intensity
generally higher than mining
In situ production will overtake
mining by 2015
By 2020, 3.2 M bbls/d
~ 9M bbls/d announcedFor production of 1 barrel of bitumen
GHG profile for oilsands more likely to
worsen than to improve
20. Natural Gas as Share of Grid Power Mix
near-term GHG benefits, but lock-in risk, uncertain lifecycle benefits
IEA: Natural gas-fired power generation must decrease after
2030 to meet the CO2 emissions projected in the 2DS.
Note: Natural gas-fired generation includes generation in power plants equipped with CCS units.
Biogas is not included.
21. Natural Gas as Share of Grid Power Mix
near-term GHG benefits, but lock-in risk, uncertain lifecycle benefits
IEA: Natural gas-fired power generation must decrease after
2030 to meet the CO2 emissions projected in the 2DS.
Note: Natural gas-fired generation includes generation in power plants equipped with CCS units.
Biogas is not included.
“Golden Age of Gas” (IEA, 2012):
A bright future for unconventional gas is far
from assured: numerous hurdles need to be
overcome, not least the social and
environmental concerns [which] threaten to
curb, if not halt, the development of
unconventional resources
22. 22
budget, over time, over and
over again
"Delusion and Deception in Large Infrastructure Projects: Two Models for Explaining and
Preventing Executive Disaster." Co-authors: Massimo Garbuio and Dan Lovallo.
California Management Review, vol. 51, no. 2, Winter 2009, pp. 170-193.
23. 23
From Middle Power to
Global Powerhouse?
5th Largest
Energy Producer
3rd
7th
1st
1st
50%
24. Planned development increasingly likely
to exceed science-based limits
Air:
Increasing number of air quality exceedences
Approved development predicted to soon exceed acid deposition limits
Climate:
Failing to achieve AB climate change reductions
No plan in place to meet Canadian commitments
No plan to reconcile projected oilsands emissions growth with targets
Tailings (future production):
Flexibility with tailings Directive (7 out of 9 mines not in compliance –
negotiations with companies)
•Biodiversity:
•No emergency protection for caribou
•Draft recovery plan relies on predator control vs. habitat protection
24
25. Our view on Oilsands
1. Pace and scale of oil sands expansion will
likely trump incremental improvements
2. Science based and enforceable regulations
and monitoring to cap impacts are
needed, promised, slow to be implemented
3. Voluntary efforts to date have not been
commensurate with challenge
4. Environmental liabilities continue to grow
without a clear solution in place
5. Oilsands revenue needs to be used to
position Canada for clean energy transition
25
The Pembina Institute was born in 1982 out of community organizing in response to the worst sour gas blowout on record in Canada. It blew out of control for 68 days and killed three well-control specialists. [ffor comparison, Macondo in the Gulf killed 11 and flowed for 87 days]25+ year history working on Canadian energy and environment issues, as both a public interest advocate and as a values-based consultant, which includesMulti-stakeholder policy processesIntervention in public hearings of major energy projectsPolicy research and advocacyAnd because we think it is vital to bring solutions to the table, collaborative engagement and consulting with companies, governments, communitiesOur work is in climate change policy, responsible energy production as well as efficient consumption through mobility choices and efficiency.
Canada’s most recent communication to the UNFCCC contains the answer… Oilsands growth will make reaching this target very challenging. (Freight emissions to a lesser extent). I SHOULD NOTE THAT Canada has exited both the Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCCC and the UN Convention on Combating Desertification, the single most important agreement relating to the impacts of climate change on the world’s poorest and most vulnerable. In the interest of time I wont say anything more on oilsands but am happy to come back to this if it comes up in the Q&ASource: Environment Canada's chart showing the gap between our policies and our target.Canada's Emissions Trends
we are being told that much of the infrastructure is already in place that would lock us into a GREATER THAN 2D Scenario. This graphic from the Carbon Tracker Initiative shows how the Reserves included in stock market valuations of publicly-traded foissil fuel based energy companies would blow us well past the atmospheric limits associated with a high probability of only 2 degree warming. So the markets are valuing these companies independently from the reality that these resources cannot – must not – be combusted without CCS or other mitgation. Source: Unburnable Carbon – Are the world’s financial markets carrying a carbon bubble? Carbon Tracker Initiative, 2013
A quick word on Natural Gas, in light of the previous slide: The IEA shows in its projections that to stay in the low risk roulette game, we can ramp up natural gas now but need to curb it sharply in just a few years. Its necessary but not sufficient to get us on track for climate mitigation. (leaving aside the health benefits, for the moment), and there are other problems that pose a severe social license challenge to its development. happy to take questions on this as well. -----------Power generation from natural gas increases to 2030 in the 2DS and the 4DS. After 2030, generation differs markedly.In the 4DS, natural gas-fired generation increases strongly, mainly driven by economic growth non-OECD countries. Natural gas-fired power generation: Supplies base-load power Displaces generation from coal Meets rapid new growth in demand. In the 2DS: Between 2030 and 2050 global natural gas-fired generation decreases by 30% The majority of the power generation capacity needed to meet electricity demand will be very low carbon - including renewables (biomass, wind, hydro, solar, etc), coal plants equipped with CCS and nuclear power Natural gas power plants still best placed to provide peak-load and back-up capacity to balance the variability in electricity demand resulting from renewable energy sources Share of gas in electricity generation drops steadily in the OECD and in other non-OECD countries China and India rapidly build up the share of gas in their generation mix (currently quite low) by 2030 to 2035, before they gradually decrease it to 2050. Rigorous planning and construction processes essential to minimise (ideally, to avoid) stranded assets. Gas turbines and combined cycle power plants typically designed for a service life of more than 25 years.
$1 trillion dollars is the global scale of the EMERGING TECHNOLOGY sector that the global transition to cleaner energy is creating. As recently as 2009, Prime Minister Harper said “the only way we are going to stay competitive in the global energy market of the future, is if we are also a clean energy superpower.” {click}
The clean ENERGYsector is expected to reach $3 trillion by 2020. – which will make it the 3rd largest global industry sector – 10 times the size of the global areospace.
Id like to draw your attention to two reports in this space that we recently completed. The first looksat the Clean Energysector in Canada, and much of it applies equally well for our cousins whom we would invite inside for dinner, the US and Mexico. Focusing on the experience of the entrepreneurs and investors in this space, Pembina’s research explores challenges and public policy options that would help create winning conditions for them. The second looks at the synergies between the Renewable Energy sector and the Oil and Gas sector. I’ll come back to that in a minute.
Definition:The term “clean energy” spans energy production, infrastructure and conservation, and involves technologies and services that promote, enhance or advance: diversity of supply sources and distribution/transmission, efficiency in use, and reduced negative environmental effects such as greenhouse gas emissions. For the purpose of our report, clean energy entrepreneurs are those individuals and organizations, within established or emerging companies, that design, develop and manufacture clean energy technologies and/or provide supporting services.Our research finds that these folks need help. Heres some thoughts for how to help them succeed.
To tackle the challenges that stop clean energy entrepreneurs from succeeding, our report found that: Fossil fuel energy continues to benefit from government subsidies and the externalization of costs associated with its greenhouse gas pollution.Our recommendation is to continue to remove inefficient fossil fuel subsidies as we committed to removing in at the 2009 G20 meeting in Pitsburg. We need to level the playing field at a minimum, at best – as Dr Molina suggested – to support the winners we want. Establishing a national price on carbon was the single most consistent theme running through our research. From diverse voices such as Dawn Farrell at TransAlta to Ross Hornby at General Electric to John Ruffolo at OMERS Ventures. To quote John coyne (Unilever) “The single most meaningful thing that could be done very quickly in this country that would make a material difference iin the performance of this country from an environmental point of view…..is a carbon tax”
US military is leading the charge in renewables and efficiency. The world’s largest single buyer of fossil fuels is worried about the exposure of its troops and supply lines, and the costs and vulnerability of its assets. To cut inefficient use of, and therefore dependence on, fossil fuels in the combat theater, the military has been doing things like adding solar panels to tents,backpacks andRadio towers. through solar arrays, wind farms, and waste-to-energy, they are unplugging from the grid and diesel generators. Technology prizes are powerful motivators. Many familiar with the X Prize. Golden Carrots have been used to accelerate into the mass market not-quite-ready for prime time technologies such as high-efficiency refrigerators.
The solutions put forward fall under 3 general themes.This first one – enhance access to capital to reward clean energy transitionFirst, developing a toolbox of financial instruments to meet meet the challenges of capital intensive clean energy technologies. Some of the examples are:Government backed debt - “Green Bonds” Flow through shares – a tax expenditure subsidy common in the extractives sectorSecond is to recapitalize SDTC. To quote Mike Brown of Chrysalix Energy Ventures” SDTC has more to do with the advancement of clean teck in Canada than any other single body’. We are recommending the Federal Government recapitalize SDTC at a rate of $100M/year for 5 years starting this budget year – 2013.
Aside from encouragingly-rapid growth in renewables, all the major changes needed are lagging”.
Our Competing in Clean Energy report finds that there are a lot of landmines that impede the success of clean energy entrepreneurs. First, you often need a push to force the adoption of new technologies. On this slide is a simplified view of the clean energy innovation cycle – (click)It shows the entire cycle of product development from idea through prototype and niche applications to widely commercialized product. (click)If you look at the blue boxes they identify 2 stages where capital is needed (click)If you look at the green box, it represents the movement down the production cost curve, as economies of scale and incremental improvements enable the technology to displace incumbents in major markets. Anyone remember the ‘car phone’? At the First stage of financing (first blue box) we are seeing decline early stage, venture capital investment this type of investment has decreased from $3.3 billion in 2000 to less than $1 billion in 2012. There are many reasons for this. Of course the market crash of 2008 is one reason but in addition, as identified by Andrew Heintzman (Investeco Capital Corp) is that our large institutional investors, the Pension Funds, have largely moved out of the early-stage investing game (except for Omers ventures). The second challenge for accessing capital is (particularly clean energy generation technology companies) is they fall into a gap between traditional asset classes. They have a venture capital risk profile but require infrastructure type capital (traditionally debt financing). In other words they need lots of high risk capital with the promise of lower but longer term rewards. Not fitting neatly into either box makes raising capital a daunting task.
Double all the wells that have been drilled since early 1900s.., while stillhave existing legacy. Cumulative effects, proximity to people. While global investments in fossil fuel power generation more than doubled between 2004 and 2011, investmentsin renewables more than quadrupled over the same period
Gas has some significant challenges – impacts on water, habitat fragmentation, induced seismicity, and that it is potentially competing as much with Renewables as Coal for access to the grid.I’ve talked about challenges but let me turn to opportunities that the clean energy transition is creating.
Gas has some significant challenges – impacts on water, habitat fragmentation, induced seismicity, and that it is potentially competing as much with Renewables as Coal for access to the grid.I’ve talked about challenges but let me turn to opportunities that the clean energy transition is creating.
Mega projects generally arrive late, over-budget, and fail to perform up to expectations. Cost overruns and benefit shortfalls of 50 percent are common; cost overruns above 100 percent are not uncommon. For example, in one study of major projects in 20 countries, nine out of ten projects had cost overruns.4 Similarly, a study of 44 urban rail projects—in North America, Europe, and developing nations, including London’s Tube and the metros in Washington, D.C., and Mexico City—found that the average construction cost overrun in constant prices was 45 percent; for a quarter of the projects, cost overruns were at least 60 percent.An appropriate slogan seems to be “over budget, over time, over and over again.” Rand Corporation examined 44 chemical process plants (Pioneer Pro- cess Plants), owned by firms such as 3M, du Pont, and Texaco. Actual construc- tion costs were over twice as large as the initial estimates.23 Furthermore, evena year after start-up, about half of the plants (21) produced at less than 75% of their design capacity, with a quarter of the plants producing at less than 50% of their design capacity. Many of the plants in this latter category had their perfor- mance expectations permanently lowered. As illustrated in Figure 1, the typical initial estimate is less than half the final cost. Furthermore, at every subsequent stage of the process, managers underestimate the cost of completing the con- struction of Pioneer Process Plants.
From Middle Power to “Energy SuperpowerIn July 2006 Stephen Harper told an audience in London that Canada had emerged as a global energy powerhouseCanada, he said, was the world’s fifth-largest energy producer, ranking third in gas production and seventh in oil production. Canada was the world’s largest supplier of hydroelectric power and uranium. “But that’s just the beginning.” roughly 400 of the world’s thousand or so publicly traded energy companies are now headquartered in Calgary.About half of all mining capital in the world is raised on the Toronto and Vancouver Stock Exchanges.