JAIPUR CITY PLANNING

1. JAIPUR( THE PINK CITY)

2. LOCATION

3. HISTORY
MAHARAJ SAWAI JAI SINGH
● Born on November 3, 1688, into
the Kachwaha Rajput dynasty.
Son of Maharaja Bishan Singh.
● Planned and designed the city of
Jaipur, completed in 1734.
● The city of Jaipur stands as a
testament to his vision and
legacy.
● Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II's
reign left a lasting impact on
the cultural, scientific, and
architectural heritage of the
region, especially through the
establishment of Jaipur
● Vidyadhar Bhattacharya
KACHWAHA DYNASTY SYMBOL
OLD PICTURE OF JAIPUR CITY

4. DEFENCE
● A site at the South of Amber ensured greater
distance from Delhi.
● The out skirting hill ranges (Nahargarh hills)
shaped as a horseshoe would allow the new
city to expand only in the South.
● It was an open plain bounded on the
north-west and east by hills.
GEOGRAPHICAL REASONS
● The rocky terrain of Amber restricted
expansion.
● Jaipur had the potentialities of developing
into a city with adequate drinking water due
to the presence of perennial stream nearby.
● Its rigged hills also ensured a constant supply
of building material
WHY?

5. CONCEPTUAL PRASTARA PLAN
● It is a model of town planning the first planned city in India. It is based on
Hindu systems of town planning and followed the principles prescribed in the
Shilpa-shastra, an ancient Indian treatise on architecture .according to this
shastra the site should be divided into grids or mandalas ranging from 2x 2
to 10 x 10.
● Planned according to the Prastara type of layout, which gives prominence to
the cardinal directions.
● Thus plan of jaipur is a grid of 3x3 with gridlines being the city's main
streets.
● The central axis of the town was laid from East to West between the gates of
the Sun(Suraj POI) and the moon(ChandpoI)
● This was crossed by two roads at right angles dividing the town into nine
almost square, almost equally sized blocks, which were further sub-divided
by lanes and alleys all at right angles.
● By building the western boundary of the city right up to the hill's southern
apex, it provided a continuous line of defense.
● The mandala could not be complete in the NW due to the presence of the
hills.
● On the other hand in the SE an extra square has been added that plugged the
gap between the city and the eastern hills.
PRASTARA

6. GRID MAP OF JAIPUR
● South of the main road were four almost equal rectangles.
The rectangle opposite the palace has been broken up into
two equal and smaller rectangles by the Chaura Rasta.Thus
altogether there are now five rectangles on the south of the
main road called Chowkris.
● On the North of the main road from West to East are the
Purani Basti, the Palace and Ramchandraji.
● The principal bazaar leads from the western gate in the city
wall, The Chandpole, passing in front of the Tripolia Gate,
to the eastern city gate, the Surajpole.
● The palace building covered two blocks, the town six and
the remaining ninth block was not usable on account of
steep hills. So this North-West ward was
transferred to the South-East corner of the city, making the
shape of the plan as a whole asymmetrical rather than
square.
● The city's division into nine wards was also in conformity
with the Hindu caste system, which necessitated the
segregation of people belonging to different communities
and ranks.
● Even the lanes were named after the occupations of
inhabitants such as Maniharon ka Rasta, Thatheron ka
Rasta & many others.

7. CITY PLANNING
● Unlike Dausa and Amber, the two previous capital
cities of the Dhoondhar region established on
hilltop, whose planning was guided by
topographical structure of the areas, Jaipur city
was revolutionary both in terms of its grid-iron
pattern planning and its location at the base of
the hills.
● There was also a significant economic shift from
an agricultural base in Dausa and Amber to
trading in the capital of Jaipur.
● The layout of the city of Jaipur wonderfully links
the concept of a Shastric city with the
practicalities of the chosen site.
● What followed then was to regularize the
Amber Sanganer road as a north-south route
at right angles to it.
● The point of intersection would be one of the
city's main cross-roads (chaupar)

8. N
WATER SUPPLY
The Darbhavati river in the north
was dammed to create the Jai Sagar and Man
Sagar (that later housed the Jal Mahal) lakes.
Later the Jhotwara River in the north west was
diverted through the Amani Shah Nallah and a
number of canals were channelised through
Brahmapuri to supply water to the city.

9. SOLID WASTE AND RECYCLABLES
COLLECTION CENTER
PUBLIC TOILETS FOR MEN AND
WOMEN
COMPOST HUB AND AGRICULTURAL
MANAGMENT
WATER ATM AND SHADING SYSTEM
WASTE COLLECTION SYSTEM
WATER PURIFICATION SYSTEM
PROPOSAL FOR
AMANISHAH
NALA JAIPUR

10. FACING COMMUNITY CENTER ALONG THE PROPOSED ROAD CHILDREN’S PLAYGROUND AND WOMEN’S PUBLIC SPACE
CONSTRUCTED WETLAND ALONG THE DRAIN HARVESTING SEASON IN URBAN KITCHEN FARM

11. EXISTING
SECTION
PROPOSED
SECTION

12. N
S
W E
CHAUPAR
● A square that occurs at the intersection of east west roads.
with three north south roads.
● 100m x 100m, used for public gathering on festive occasions.
● The distance between two chaupars is about 700m which is
ideal for pedestrian movement

13. Aerial
Map
of
Jaipur
City
N

14. JAIPUR
CITY

15. DEVELOPMENT OF CITY IN PHASES (Institute of Town Planners, India september 2011)
The spatial and temporal growth pattern of Jaipur can be divided into four distinct phases. Each
phase has made a special contribution to the development of Jaipur.
PHASE 1: 1727-1850 AD: Jaipur,
founded by Maharaja Sawai Jai
Singh II in 1727 A.D. is one of
the few planned cities of its
times based on the principles of
ancient town planning doctrine
of Shilpa Shastra. By 1734, the
main markets of the town
including Johari Bazaar, Sireh
Deorhi Bazaar, Kishanpole Bazaar
and Gangauri Bazaar had been
built.
PHASE 2:1850-1930: During
this phase, the city grew out
of the confines of the walled
city. The establishment of a
railway line in 1868 A.D.
fueled the growth of the city.
Phase 3: 1930-1970: In 1930s,
five development schemes, Fateh
Tiba, area south of Ramniwas
Bagh, Ashok Nagar, New Colony
in Jalu Pura and Bani Park
commonly known as A, B, C, D, E
respectively were conceived to
provide residential plots, land for
public institutions and other
amenities for the increasing
population. Rajasthan University
was inaugurate in 1947 thereby
opening opportunities for the
southward growth of the city.
Phase IV: Post 1970s: During
the last 3 decades, major
growth direction has taken
place towards the southwest
and northwest of the city due
to the presence of hills in the
northern and eastern
sidesacting as natural barriers.

16. URBAN
GROWTH
PATTERN
IN
JAIPUR
SOURCE : Institute of
Town Planners, India

17. Land Transformation During 1975 -
1986
Land Transformation During 1986 -
1991

18. Land Transformation During 1991 - 2003 Land Transformation During 2003 - 2009

19. DIVISION OF LAND USE
62% - Residential
12% - Circulation,
8% - Public space,
2% - Recreation & Stadium,
2% - Government,
10% - Industry
4% - Commercial.

20. MASTER PLAN FOR
JAIPUR CITY {2025}

21. GATES
CHAND POLE GATE SINGH DWAR AJMERI GATE NEW GATE
SANGHARI GATE GHAT GATE SURAJ POLE GATE CHAR DARWAJA

22. BAZAARS
● Typical architectural features of the bazaar streets
are - use of chhajjas, resulting in strong horizontal
lines,projecting vertical blocks on brackets, a
modular system of arches filled with delicate latticed
screens to cut direct
sun and glare of reflected sun in the street.
● Bazaar streets have temples above shops with wide
staircase starting from pavement to the temple level.
Space above shops at first floor level originally
functioned as galleries for watching royal
processions, religious festivals and public
celebrations

23. ARCHITECTURE (HAWA MAHAL)
● The main architect of this palace built of red and pink
sandstone, is Lal Chand Ustad and the palace is believed to
have been constructed in the form of the crown of
Krishna, the Hindu god. Considered as an embodiment of
Rajputana architecture, the main highlight of Hawa Mahal
is its pyramid shape and its 953 windows or 'Jharokhas'
which are decorated with intricate designs.
● The main intention behind the construction of the Mahal
was to facilitate the royal women and provide them a view
of everyday life through the windows, as they never
appeared in public.
● Hawa Mahal, designed as a beehive castle with small
windows, has a height of 50 feet from its base.
● This structure, erected on a thin shield or podium
approximately fifty feet high, has walls less than a foot
thick.
● Constructed of red and pink sandstones by Lal Chand Ustad,
● Hawa Mahal is famous for its windows or 'Jharokhas'
which enable free circulation of air within the structure.

24. ARCHITECTURE (DIWAN-I-AM)
It has forty pillars and is a best example of intricate
craftsmanship.
The wide assembly hall measures 201' by 67' and has flat
roof with two gateways of
arched red sandstone to the north and south. The hall is
divided in three parts and
has nine bold arches. This is built in red sandstone and is
plastered with white shell
plaster which looks like white marble. There is also a raised
rectangular stage from
where the emperor used to address the audience.

25. ARCHITECTURE FEATURES OF JAIPUR

26. ARCHITECTURE FEATURES OF JAIPUR

27. CULTURE

28. SOURCE : https://www.slideshare.net/saumyakohli/architecture-and-planning-of-jaipur
https://community.iqoo.com/in/thread/29441
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=htqU-PQhC7c&t=87s
https://jaipurbeat.com/2016/09/24/7-gates-of-jaipur-that-have-a-story-to-tell/
https://www.jaipuronline.in/city-guide/diwan-e-aam-in-jaipur
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Key-Plan-of-Walled-City-Jaipur_fig1_316473592
https://slideplayer.com/slide/5866309/
KRITIKA SHARMA