Jackson Pollock

Jackson Pollock
Prior to the 19th century, artists were often hired to make artwork for the elite and wealthy, as well
as for establishments like the church. Art in this time depicted religious and mythological scenes that
were used to tell stories to the audience. According to The Museum of Modern Art, "During the 19th
century many artists started to make art about people, places, or ideas that interested them, and of
which they had direct experience." And with the publication of psychologist Sigmund Freud's The
Interpretation of Dreams (1899) and the popularization of the idea of a subconscious mind, many
artists began exploring dreams, symbolism, and personal iconography as opportunities for the
depiction of their subjective experiences. In this paper, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It was the first specific American movement to achieve international inspiration and put New York
City at the center of the western art world, a role previously filled by Paris. (Encyclopedia
Britannica) Abstract expressionism is commonly referred to as action painting. The artists that
participated in abstract expressionism, shared an interest in using abstraction to deliver strong
emotional or expressive content.
Jackson Pollock was a significant American painter, who is also known as the leading role behind
the abstract expressionist movement. According to Jackson–Pollock.org; His popularity evolved
from radical abstract styles in the history of modern art, which included separating line from color,
redefining the categories of drawing and painting, and finding new ways to portray pictorial space.
Jackson Pollock is exclusively known for a unique painting technique known as drip painting. Drip
painting is a form of abstract art in which paint is dripped or poured onto canvas. Jackson Pollock
and abstract expressionism marked the shift of the creative center of modern
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Piet Mondrian Abstract Art
The beginnings of Abstract art can be traced back to Paul Cezanne (1839 – 1906) who reduced his
forms down to geometric shapes – cylinders, spheres and cones – with the Cubists, led by Pablo
Picasso (1881 – 1973), taking this concept even further. Wassily Kandinsky (1866 – 1944) is
considered the first truly abstract artist as he did not believe that his paintings needed a subject and
expressed emotion through different shapes and colours; Green for example gave a feeling of peace
while red promoted aggression. (Stevens, 2015) However I believe it is with the art of Piet
Mondrian that 'Simplicity as the essence of beauty' in art really came into its own.
"I wish to approach truth as closely as is possible, and therefore I abstract everything until I arrive at
the fundamental quality of objects." – Piet Mondrian (1937)
Piet Mondrian (1872 – 1944) is undoubtedly one of the most significant figures who has inspired
generations of artists and will no doubt continue to do so for many generations to come. He is also
one of the key artists who I have turned to for inspiration as I undertake my own artistic journey.
Mondrian's precise, methodical use of simple lines, and his distinctive approach to block colouring
using bold flat colours, are key elements that I have tried to incorporate into my own paintings.
Mondrian was also the first artist who it can be argued, truly made the concept of 'Simplicity as the
essence of beauty' the central theme of his works. A very spiritual

Fine Art And Commercial Art
Fine Art and Commercial Art With rapid economic growth and improving technologies, many artists
are increasingly become interested in commercial art. This trend is mainly influence by the fact that
the financial gains in commercial art are much greater than in fine art. Since the designers are
instructed on what to do by their clients, their level of creativity and ingenuity is minimized. This is
partially attributed to the fact that many people have misunderstood the true meaning of fine art.
However, other factors include market preferences and tastes. The corporate world wants to produce
products and services that will be easily understood and liked by the public. Nonetheless, there are
those who still adhere to the purity of the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In this case, the artist is hired and is subjected to the employers' preferences and constraints. In most
cases, the artists are not credited for the work. The main purpose of commercial art is
communication. A commercial artist organizes information in an effective visual presentation to
portray the virtues of a particular service or product. In most cases the employers hire commercial
artists to create advertisements, animations and illustrations, which conveys a message intended for
consumers. Communication is therefore decisively important in this field. Conversely, the definition
of fine art has been generally misunderstood to mean artistic works that are of high quality.
However, an important aspect that should be included in the definition of fine art is that the artists
adhere to the purity of their style or discipline. This implies that fine art should be judged based on
its aesthetic value, meaningfulness and beauty. Notably, unlike commercial artists, fine artists are
self–motivated and decide on what they want the artwork to look like. Furthermore, they are
motivated by the desire to express their ideologies rather that communication. Due to the lucrative
nature of art commercialization, many fine artists prefer to practice both disciplines. Artists, such as
Bob Gill, Ben Shahn, Robert Weaver and Robert Peak,

De Stijl: The Beginning And Key Characteristics Of Design...
Introduction
Design movements– each one is unique in its own way and has characteristics that allow us to
recognise them, without confusion. Design history is broken into several big movements that
developed certain style and culture, and some of them had several small movements within them.
Modern movement is an example of such a movement and it was split into several smaller ones (De
Stijl, Bauhaus, Russian Constructivism or Italian Futurism are only few examples). Just like during
previous ones, Modern Movement has its founders, key designers and designs, and characteristics.
In this essay we will talk about origins of De Stijl, its key designers, designs and the impact it had
on culture.
De Stijl– The Beginning And Key Characteristics De Stijl was a Dutch movement that started in
1917 and was led by Theo van Doesburg and Piet Mondrian. Because both of them were popular,
other artists started to use similar style in their paintings and this is how it spread around quickly.
"De Stijl artists applied their style to a host of media in the fine and applied arts and beyond" (The
Art Story. 2014. De Stijl.). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He produced his very first abstract work in 1916 and "by 1917 Vilmos Huszar was a co–founder of
De Stijl" (vilmos–huszar. 2015. Vilmos Huszár.). He was famous for his work 'Composition' and
'Composition with Female Figure'. Although those paintings used De Stijl principles, they were
different from work of other painters during that period. 'Composition' was made up of geometrical
shapes, (coloured with primary colours, black and grey), but without the black border lines. Also
'Composition with Female Figure' was made up from geometrical shapes, but border lines were
drawn lightly rather than heavily. Also Huszar used other colours in this work rather than leaving it
with just white background. This made his work more original and it stood out from

Piet Mondrian Research Paper
t is hard to believe that we are already back from spring break! We have been very busy in the art
room over the past few weeks. Here is an overview of all the hard work that has been happening.
Kindergarten students have been working on several projects to guide their study of colors and many
master artists. In their first project, student's blended colors from the warm and cool color groups to
design a background for their Andy Warhol inspired handprint compositions. Throughout the unit
students also practiced cutting, gluing, tracing and drawing skills. Next, students created large scale
work based on the art of Piet Mondrian. Mondrian's work can be easily recognized by his use of
only primary colors and geometric shapes. For this unit, students carefully crafted a composition
using a variety of shapes and lines. In the upcoming weeks, students will begin work on a ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Students started the unit by learning paper folding techniques to construct a book using only one
sheet of paper. Next, students developed their stories and sketched a layout for each page. Students
were able to choose a medium of their choice to develop their sketches into detailed illustrations.
Finally, students created a cover that captured the subject of the book using collage techniques.
Starting this week, students will be working with a variety of mediums which they manipulate to
create a three dimensional space themed sculpture.
Second grade students have just begun a new robot themed unit in which they will learn
printmaking, drawing, and painting techniques. First students will explore printmaking techniques
using a variety of object to create an interesting composition. Next, student will practice painting
techniques to add color and value to their design. Finally, students will continue their study of value
by using colored pencils to add highlights and

Piet Mondrian's Composition With Red, Blue, Yellow, And Gray
The second artwork that caught my attention was Piet Mondrian's piece titled, Composition with
Red, Blue, Black, Yellow, and Gray, 1921, a Cubist–inspired painting, expressing balance and
tension of form and color. At this time, Mondrian created many similar paintings, same form, same
abstract and same palette, consisting the colors white, black, gray, and three primary colors, with the
composition constructed from thick, black horizontal and vertical lines that delineated the outlines
of the various rectangles of color. Reflecting a lot upon Mondrian's piece titled, Composition with
Large Red Plane, Yellow, Black, Gray, and Blue 1921, sharing the same rectangular and cubist
shapes, color, and abstract.The subjects of his paintings are down

The Medium Of Art By Leonardo Da Vinci 's Mona Lisa
Of all the creative mediums in existence, of which there are a plethora to discover, the medium of
Art, although recognized by most as a legitimate creative medium, is one of the most controversial.
However, in the subject of practical artwork, sculptures, paintings, and performance artworks, the
idea of a definitive artwork is almost non–existent. Although there are artworks that exist, such as
Leonardo da Vinci's Mona Lisa, which are known seemingly universally (Torov, 2011), there are
few critics or viewers who can explain just what exactly constitutes it as a good artwork. This
investigation appears to become universal to many other artworks, an argument that arises between
technical mastery, motives, and meaning, if any at all. That is to say that interpretation battles
against visual astonishment. However, although the visuals are by far the most striking part of
almost any artwork, the first thing that most look for beyond the visual elements is the story being
told within the visuals. It is for this reason that many war–time, or significant event paintings are
remembered; it's well known, and is a story that is being told constantly through all mediums, within
the realm of out, and outside that same realm. Untitled (Perfect Lovers) by Felix Gonzalez Torres
Felix Gonzlaez Torres is known throughout the art world as being one of those most creative and
unique artist, particularly for his instalment artworks, minimalistic style and the ability to create
what he

The Schroder House
The Schroder house is an icon of the modern movement, it is an eccentric and unique house since it
was the only one built under the Neoplasticism style. In this essay, components of this building will
be discussed: central ideas,style, representation and methodology, reality and ideology and society.
These components attempt to show the reader the importance of this architectural masterpiece. The
central ideas of the Schroder house are the flexibility of spaces and its planar quality, which follow
the Neoplasticism style. This style was created after the First World War by Piet Mondrian; it is an
austere, geometrical style of concrete art. In order to understand more about the style, one must
know the tenets of this style, which are coloration

Research Paper On Piet Mondrian
Piet Mondrian was born in The Netherlands on March 7, 1872 ("Piet Mondrian Biography, Art, and
Analysis of Works"). Mondrian was a Dutch painter and when he first began creating works of art
(mostly landscapes of his country), he did so by using geometrical order (Fiero, 18). By 1917 he had
stripped his paintings of anything resembling the subject in which he was painting. This became
known as De Stijl, or, The Style (Fiero, 18). Instead, he would use "rectangles laid out on a grid of
horizontal and vertical lines, the three primary colors (red, yellow, and blue), and three values–
white, grey, and black" (Fiero, 18). "He simplified the subjects of his paintings down to the most
basic elements, in order to reveal the essence of mystical energy ... Show more content on
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Everything is painted in black and grey, giving the picture the look that we would call "black and
white". In the background, he paints rectangles simply out of brush strokes, creating an abstract
look. This painting also has more of a "smudged" look than the paintings Tree and Red Tree, causing
the painting to look more abstract and simple.
Finally, Mondrian's Trees painting is by far the simplest painting of those that I have discussed. This
painting uses only shapes and smudged lines, along with darker greys, blues, and browns. I believe
the blues represent the sky, the browns represent the stumps and limbs of the trees, and the greys
represent the leaves (or lack thereof).
Piet Mondrian saw the beauty in his world and sought out to show others that same beauty. He
clearly changed the way artists view the world and represent it. His painting style is very unique and
abstract and I think that is what makes his paintings so enjoyable. Piet Mondrian once said, "Every
true artist has been inspired more by the beauty of lines and color and the relationships between
them than by the concrete subject of the picture" ("Piet Mondrian Quotes"). Mondrian was not afraid
to simplify his subjects because, in my opinion, he knew just how beautiful the subjects were and
knew they did not need to be painted geometrically in order to have their beauty

Diego Rivera Research Paper
Diego Rivera was born in December of 1886 and first began creating art and murals at the age of
three after the death of his twin brother. Young Diego's parents caught him drawing on the walls of
their home but rather than punish him for it they instead nurtured his growing creativity. They
installed canvas and chalkboard on the walls and let Rivera create as he saw fit. Even in his early
years Diego knew what he wanted to be. When Diego Rivera was 10, he attended San Carlos school
of fine arts where he furthered his love for art. In 1907, Diego Rivera continued his education in
Europe. He there also met a few others who later became famous artistic figures. For example,
Pablo Picasso, Marc Chagall, and Piet Mondrian. The world in which Diego ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Rivera held commited views against the censorship of his work and was not silent about it at all.
Some of his most famous painting included Man at the Crossroads, The Flower Carrier, and The
History of Mexico. Through his life he continued his dream of becoming artist . In 1928, Frida
Kahlo meet Diego rivera in hopes of getting his opinion of her art work. Frida Kahlo first met Diego
Rivera when she was an art student hoping to get advice on her career from the famous Mexican
muralist. Although Rivera was married, a courtship ensued. They wed in 1929 , despite the 20 year
between the two and disapproval of Frida's parents, who referred to the couple as "the elephant and
the dove." With the tempers and countless infidelities, the marriage was notoriously uproarious. The
couple divorced in 1939 only to remarry a year later, though the second marriage was just as
turbulent as the first. Both have long been recognized as important painters who achieved great
international popularity during their lifetimes. When it comes to Diego Rivera and his work, no one
stopped him from sharing his beliefs religiously, politically, and other beliefs he

De Stijl Research Paper
There were many contributions made by the artists and designers working in the De Stijl and the
Constructivism movements. Two artists that greatly contributed to the De Stijl movement were
Picasso and Braque. Their paintings helped in defining "a vocabulary of geometric forms", while
still using the elements of the real world. Another very important contributor to the De Stijl
movement was Piet Mondrian. Mondrian also helped in defining the vocabulary of art and design,
even further than Picasso and Braque had previously done. He used only primary colors, along with
black and white, in his artwork. Mainly, all the artists of the De Stijl movement wanted their artwork
to simply rely on the fundamental characteristics of having a vertical and horizontal grid. These
artists hoped by using this grid, their artwork would open up space, instead of enclosing space.
Gerrit Rietveld showed these same defining characteristics of the De Stijl art in his famous chair.
His chair completely went against the traditional, or the expected, elements of a normal chair. "Both
the arms and the base of the chair are insistently locked in a vertical and horizontal grid." The seat
and the back of the chair were used to help create a more open space. Rietveld also only used ...
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Most Constructivism artists focused on creating a dynamic space, "uniting art and everyday life
through mass–production and industry", showing non–objective elements in useful ways and
showing the simplicity of works of art. One designer that greatly contributed to the Constructivism
movement was El Lissitzky. Her design for the poster "Beat the Whites with the Red Wedge" shows
simple images depicting the Reds and Whites while using "propagandistic aims". Although fighting
is evident in both a literal and figurative way in her artwork, her design is also trying to depict
another aim – one that shows almost sexual

"Farm Near Duivendrecht, in the Evening" -Analysis Essay
"Farm Near Duivendrecht, in the Evening" –Analysis... Different people think, live, view, and judge
in distinct ways. That's what makes life so interesting. The great diversity of the world sometimes
has an effect on certain people. Humanity itself has ways of expressing its differences, for example
there's; art, music, fashion, and hobbies, etc. All these are factors that can help identify ones
personality, lifestyle, and views on certain topics, etc. This helps define us in a way, it's a form of
expression, whether personal or not. "Farm Near Duivendrecht, in the Evening" is a very personally
inspirational work of art by: Piet Mondrian. It can be viewed in many different ways, but it is
certainly a generally calm, and in a way ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Depending on how you decide to think about it; it could very well have a suspenseful, and possibly
horrific aspect to it. Made possible by the depiction of the location, its surroundings, colors, texture,
brightness, and shading of the farmhouse in the painting, etc. With that being said; one should have
a pretty good idea on what this farmhouse, and its surroundings look like by now. The next question
we usually ask ourselves is "why?" why the color, why the worn out look of the farmhouse, why the
surroundings, in general why is the painting depicted like this? That brings up the need to analyze
the work of art at hand. When focusing on this painting, you can see a few birds soaring over the
farmhouse. They're quite small so there's some difficulty telling if they're flying towards or away
from the farmhouse. It is still very probable that they flew over it at some point in time though. The
lines in the painting are mostly depicted in the trees, and outer walls of the farmhouse. Standing firm
the trees look, and or represent strength and dominance. It makes you wonder if there's still hope for
the dead looking environment surrounding the farmhouse. When first observing this painting; the
thoughts were generally negative such as; sad, abandoned, lonely, and depressing, etc. The painting
is indeed centered, and the focal point is obviously the farmhouse.

Piet Mondrian 's Influence On Society
Piet Mondrian was born March 7, 1872, in Amsterfoot, Netherlands. His father, Headmaster of the
town's Dutch Reformed elementary school, was a devout Calvinist. Malevich's childhood was strict
and based on the reformed Amsterfoot. In 1880, his family moved to Winterswijk, near the German
border.
In 1892, Mondrian registered at the National Academy of Art in Amsterdam. There he trained as a
realist, concentrating on visual observation and with a strict devotion to detail. Immediately, post
university, he moved around the countryside of Amsterdam to paint landscapes. In 1911 Mondrian
saw the Cubist works of Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso. He subsequently moved to Paris and
begins working in a manner that is inspired by the Cubists. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
During this time he returned to working on landscapes based on the countryside. This time, he
applied his new style of straight lines and curves, with minimal color. Eventually, he moved on to
clean lines and colors without any transition, independent from content. Once the war ended,
Mondrian immediately returned to Paris.
The painting, Composition: Checkerboard, Dark Colors, made in 1919, is made up of a rectangular
canvas divided up by a grid of uniform rectangles. These shapes have been filled in with three
colors, a red, a purple, and a blue. These colors do not seem to be the traditional, colors straight out
of the tube. For example, the red is slightly orange and the purple leans more red than blue. The
colors are also placed in a seemingly random manner and each color is equally present.
Mondrian placed these colors only according to his own intuition. It is clear that he made some
alterations in color and changes are detectable in the rectangles that are filled with somewhat mixed
or tinted variations of these colors. The equal amounts of color make it so there are no places to
focus. Instead the repeating randomness creates a sense of static and movement within the painting.
Unlike Still Life with Gingerpot II, the prewar example, Composition: Checkerboard, Dark Colors is
not based on anything from the physical world. Instead of representing something, Mondrian
conceived an entirely original composition. He merely filled in this

Piet Mondrian Essay
What gave me the most clarity when coming to designing horizontals and verticals, was the
paintings by Piet Mondrian, the way in which it is laid out is similar to the way in which we plan our
lives, our goals and dreams. It goes in only two directions, up–down and left– right. Within the
painting there are blocks of different sizes and colours, black lines and lastly white blocks.
The black blocks, to me, represent a strong idea or notion. Which in a building could represent the
border between private and public.
The moments of colour are where events occur, different events of different functions and outcomes.
These are the places where the different functions of my building occur, however, unlike the
painting my functions become less ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They're moments that are most likely to be forgotten, the in–between places where there is no big 'a–
ha' moment. These should be celebrated though, and not left merely in white, as they are just as
important to the goal as the goal is itself, and just because it's not a milestone doesn't mean one
should not embrace that moment, specifically when one talks about people aiming to get on the right
track, every small step is a breakthrough. These spaces, where one would think are bland and
aimless yet are actually celebrated; in my design are the physical therapy corridor and the waiting
areas.
The physical therapy corridor As the physical therapy corridor is in the environment of the body,
and in aid of the body, the corridor is the space that prepares your body for the healing it will
undergo. To support this preparation, elements are added to the design that will make you more
aware of the body. Such as a wooden frame box, that makes every step a prominent one, and adds a
texture that is not cold or sterile, but rather warm and forgiving. The use of wood is also a reference
to the body, adding a more human element than that that concrete or white clinical walls can
provide.
Lights and rough concrete also add to tactile senses by adding layer upon layer of interest, creating
an anchor for the body, one that draws the body in, instead of repelling it as most hospital corridors

Mary Quated Essay
The 1960s was a decade of change, it was the time of the 'Swinging 60s', it made a great impact on
design and culture so much so that it can be seen today also. In this essay, I will talk about Mary
Quant (Early 60s) in London and Yves Saint Laurent (mid to late 60s) in France. I will compare
them and their backgrounds to show how they became iconic in the history of fashion through
events that took place in the 60s. At the time of Mary Quant, the youth culture in London was
demanding to be distinguished separately as a sub–culture. She took this opportunity and opened her
own store caller Bazaar (1955) to imprint a type of clothing specially for her age group. She quickly
gained commercial success and popularity. Yves Saint Laurent, on ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Twiggy wore Quant's clothes with her signature bob and painted on lashes giving her a very 'baby
doll' look. Teenagers wanted to look like her, thus turning to Quant's stores to fulfill this desire. Her
makeup line which launched in 1966 included a convenient "paint–box" makeup set which included
all colors in one palette. She introduced the concept of fun "eye crayons in a tin", "sparkly nail
varnish", "light nude–look foundation" and "lip sticks with names like 'Sky Blue Pink' and 'Cool
Claret'" (Blackman, 2012, 100 Years Of Fashion, p. 229). She made it affordable for the masses to
look like Twiggy on a regular

Art Vs Old Art
Art is a good way for people to relax and admire the power of human creativity, a lot of pieces of art
will make you agape at the beauty of it. However, old art pieces created centuries ago are starting to
fall apart. Scientific studies are being conducted on each piece of art trying to figure out how exactly
the artist created these masterpieces, and to possibly find a way to stop them from withering away,
and to keep them around for many more centuries to come and so many more generations of people
can see. Science has some part in everything, even art. There are many different ways science is
involved in art, they can conduct a study on what people like in art to try make a new masterpiece,
or why people are so infatuated with the older pieces. However, this is not the main studies on art.
Old art is falling apart and we need to find a way to fix it. A group of scientists from Italy have
started a program called MOLAB in which they go to art galleries across the world and study art
pieces. They have looked at countless pieces across the world, and have figured out the many
different colors in some art pieces which can range to about 600 different colors; they also find out
how many layers of paint are on one painting or on one specific spot. Jason Palmer, a scientist
working for MOLAB was working on a newer painting called Victory Boogie Woogie by Piet
Mondrian said " this painting is definitely one of the newest pieces of work i've ever looked at, it is
very bright

Architectural Beliefs And Sensibilities : A New Frontier...
Words on paper can sometimes seem a long way off the tangibility of real world design, but every
great building starts its life on paper. Architectural beliefs and sensibilities are established through a
system of thought, a manifesto that dictates how and for what reasons design choices are made. The
manifesto encompasses more than just architecture so it performs a grounding role, contextualising
and justifying design in a paradigm of thought appropriate to the time and space from which it had
originated. The Italian Futurist were predominantly paper architects, with few of their projects every
being realised in a physical form, but their thoughts and ideas demonstrate a vision for the modern
world unlike what had come before. In the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The opening of his manifesto published in 1909 states that there must be a "love of danger, the habit
of energy and fearlessness" which epitomises the movement 's philosophies.1 At the heart of these
philosophies lies two primarily elements; the machine and speed. Following on from the designs of
Bruno Taut and Peter Behrens in Germany, Futurists architect Antonio Sant'elia aspired to create
buildings that stood as temples to industry. His designs for the futurist city, 'La Citta Nuova',
featured buildings that appeared like "gigantic machines, [...] extraordinarily brutish in its
mechanical simplicity". In the writings of his own manifesto for Futurist architecture, Sant'elia
expresses how he believed a new architectural language was needed that was appropriate to the
modern age, an age where stairs could be abolished and replaced by prominently positioned
elevators.2 This embracing of technology is complimented by the lack of reference to classical
motifs, with no value being placed in the unnecessary decorative features of that bygone era.
Technological advancement in the early 1900s included the advent of new forms of transportation,
and with these came a new found sense of speed – something Marinetti describes in his original
manifesto as "the beauty of speed".3 The importance of motion and kineticism is evident in the
futurist artworks of Giacomo Balla, especially in Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash (1912). The
depiction of the dog being walked

How Art Has Changed On The Viewer Rather Than Art Made
FINAL EXAM–
Does Art made in 1400–1900 put greater Demands on the Viewer rather than Art made after 1900?
Art is the creative field of study where people use their talents and imaginations to produce visual
work of someone or something. Artists usually indicate emotions and special techniques to create
harmony and balance within their artwork. Indeed, art has been evolving since the beginning of
humanity. But the first visual records can be traced back to the Paleolithic Period that is also known
as the Old Stone Age. During the course of history, the meaning of art has shifted immensely. There
have been times in history where artists have approached new ways and techniques. Also, new
discoveries were made about the importance and true ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Firstly, the "Mona Lisa" (1503–1506) portrays Lisa di Antonio Maria
Gherardini.1 Furthermore, "Mona" is the short form of "Madonna" which means "Lady". The
painting is very unusual since the woman in it is not wearing any jewellery which was signifying
wealth at that time. She seems to be a special woman who emphasizes a serene assurance to engage
the viewers. Also, her blank facial expression is known as "enigmatic".1 The emotions on her face
are not very well represented as her character and thoughts appear to be hidden instead of being
exposed. There is a lack of kindness in her eyes. Leonardo da Vinci shifted her eyes to the right side
so that they look straight at the viewers. This creates a mental density. The woman is shown in the
form of a "Renaissance Pyramid". Many of the characteristics in the painting are similar to the ones
in the Renaissance. Secondly, "The Last Supper" (1495–1498) was painted on the walls of the St.
Maria delle Grazie church in Milan.1 The artist painted a captured scene where Jesus tells his guests
during Seder that he will be betrayed by one of them.1 All of them appear to be very shocked about
what Jesus was telling them. In other words, this painting is a symbolic depiction of Jesus. He
appears to be right at the center of the painting and is shown in a pyramidal form. His guests, who
are all males, appear in groups of three. There are four groups of three which appear on either side

Using Dark Humor And Journals
submit illustrations using dark humor to journals. He used Cubism in two different ways. In some
paintings, his use of squares is very prominent and the image looks almost grid–like. In other art
pieces, his lines are not as strong and straight. He died at the age of 40 after dealing with frequent
illnesses due to heart and uremia problems. His death was caused by renal failure.
The Sunblind (1914)
Juan Gris
1887 – 1927
Charcoal, paper, chalk, and gouache
A lot of use of light and shadows
Dull; No really bright colors used
The blinds are closed on a sunny day – Gris can be interpreted to be sad, depressed, shut away
A lot of brown
An image of the local newspaper sold in Gris' town – this was a painting of an area in his home. It is
personal to him
Juan Gris
Gris was a Spanish painter and sculptor. Although he is Spanish and was born in Madrid, a majority
of his life was spent living and working in France. A lot of his work dealt with Cubism. He was
inspired by the work of Pablo Picasso, and before beginning his serious painting career, he used to
Bottle of Vieux Marc, Glass, Guitar and Newspaper (1913)
Pablo Picasso
1881 – 1973
Collage
Bright background, but dark images used for the collage
Printed paper and ink used
Seems like there is no real pattern or set plan for what the result would be
Looks random, yet unified at the same time
Newspaper used was 30 years old
Pablo Picasso

He was a Spanish painter, sculptor, stage

Cubism Symbolism
The transition from Cubism to De Stijl can be seen through the works of Pablo Picasso's Three
Musicians, Theo van Doesburg's Card Players, and Piet Mondrian's Tableau No. II with Red, Blue,
Black, Yellow, and Gray. One can see the transition from geometric shapes creating people to just
using geometric shapes to create a grid. Among the generic shapes that change each has much
different symbolism and history. In Picasso's Three Musicians the subject matter, from left to right,
consists of a pierrot, a harlequin, a monk, and a dog hidden behind the harlequin's legs. There are
two versions of this piece, both created in 1921. Even though it was nearing the end of Cubism,
Picasso's highlights the aspects of Synthetic Cubism. Even at the end of the movement, the shapes
can portray it as paper cut–outs, from which the style began. The background and foreground are all
dark, the only brightness in the piece are the three subjects. The pierrot and harlequin are part of the
old Italian theater called "Commedia dell'arte." The pierrot and the monk represent Picasso's close
friends. Guillaume Apollinaire, representing the pierrot, was a poet who was one of the major
players in the surrealist movement, who had recently died. Max Jacob, the monk, another poet was
the one who had introduced Picasso to Apollinaire, and had recently started to live in a monestary.
The Harlequin represents Picasso himself, as he used this subject in multiple paintings of him to
represent himself. The

Sinterklaas Research Paper
Kerstmis (Dutch word meaning Christmas) was always the ultimate magical and extraordinary time
of all for Ellen and I. Our parents did everything within their means to make the season merry and
magical. The American name of Santa Claus, derived from the European name of Sinterklaas; is
portrayed as an older, more serious historical character. Dutch tradition says that Sinterklaas lives in
Spain and that on the second Saturday of November he begins his journey to the Netherlands with
several assistants; each one known as Zwarte Piet (literal translation is Black Pete). Sinterklaas, with
his long white beard, dressed in a red robe, wearing a Bishop's hat and carrying a staff, leads a
procession riding a white horse through the villages where the children are forewarned that Zwarte
Piet kept a record of who had been naughty or nice throughout the year. On the evening of
December 5, when Sinterklaas arrives in Holland to visit the ... Show more content on
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There were Speculaas cookies, shaped like a Sinterklaas or a windmill, flavored with spices and
almonds, and flakey Banket staafjes and Kerst cransjes; a pastry shaped into a staff or wreath, filled
with almond paste made from ground almonds, lemons and eggs. This, delicacy in particular, was
one of my favorites. Advocaat; a rich, thick, custard–like drink made from egg yolks, sugar and
brandy was also a seasonal favorite, a little of this decadent after–dinner drink was an extra special
treat. For breakfast, my mother would often present us with a krentenbol met kaas; a round bread
bun made with raisins, sliced in half, spread with butter and topped with a slice of cheese washed
down with a cup of hot chocolate topped with a mound of whipped cream and chocolate sprinkles.
Our mother knew how to make everything seem special, even a simple roll with butter and cheese.
Ellen and I were never aware that our parents were

Modernist Assault Research Paper
The Modernist Assault The 20th century was a period of exploration, advances, and discovery in a
revolutionary era. As science was evolving, art and architecture were too forming new ideas and
styles. Quantum physics gave way to a new process of thinking. This mentality spread rapidly and
went beyond the realm of physics and into the minds of various types of artists. Art movements that
transpired include Cubism, Futurism, and Fauvism; eventually leading to Nonobjective art.
Architecture modernization also becomes clear in observation of the International Style. First and
foremost, discovery in physics began a domino effect in the modernization of the world. Einstein
concluded that time and space are relative to the position of the observer, challenging Isaac Newton
(Fiero 376). Along with Werner Heisenberg, the two scientists set out to prove that things were not
as certain and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As science was evolving, art and architecture were too forming new ideas and styles. Starting with
Einstein, Newton, and Heisenberg– in regard to quantum physics and leaping into architectural
advances, it is agreed that this was a revolutionary time for all who lived in this era. That being said,
Cubism, Futurism, and Fauvism are important styles in modernistic art. Whether it is literature,
poetry, song, or dance, these principles helped to shape the future and individual approach to create
our own perspective. The abstract styles discussed, paved the way for Nonobjective art to make its
mark on humanity and to make us feel and see uniquely. Not to mention, architecture and the
International style that later developed, teaching us modern design. The international style gave us
unique structures, distinctly showcasing new synthetic materials, floor plans, and roofs. As one can
see, modernistic art provides just as an important part of our everyday life as

Formal Analysis Of Piet Mondrian
Formal analysis of Piet Mondrian's Composition with Large Red Plane, Yellow, Black, Grey and
Blue Composition with Large Red Plane, Yellow, Black, Grey and Blue, 1921, Oil on canvas,
Gemeentemuseum, The Hague
Description:
The composition is simplistic. The colors used are only the three primary colors, red, blue and
yellow along with black and white. All the planes of colors are edged by vertical and horizontal
black lines of uniform width, forming a big dominant red square surrounded by a distribution of
smaller rectangular blocks of other colors. Looking closer, you will find that even though all the
lines and angles are sharply defined, the edges of the vertical and horizontal lines are not perfectly
neat, but instead a little bit messy. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Even though the black lines appear to be precise from a distant view, when viewing the work closer
and more carefully, one will find that the lines are actually heavily layered and even a bit messy.
Moreover, in blocks, colors are also densely pigmented with visible brush strokes, which so many
painters try to avoid. In the left bottom corner, it can be seen that one horizontal black line was
originally painted a little bit longer, but then the artist might decide to make a little change and
covered it with yellow. Also, from a high–resolution photo of the work, we can see that Mondrian
might initially divided the square that now appears to black into four smaller squares, but then might
decide to cover the square completely with black later. (A likely extrapolation, but not a fact). These
details differ Mondrian's work from a more precise computer–generated copy. They are the evidence
of how the artist thought and worked. It the touch of human that made the composition no longer
unanimated but 3–dementional and

Beatriz Milhazes African American Art Style
In this overview, I will be comparing Beatriz Milhazes art to African art. Beatriz Milhazes is from
Brazil; she was born in 1960. She does paintings, prints, and architectural installations
(Guggenheim). Her artwork is mainly geometric figures sort of like kaleidoscope. Most of her work
is based on European and Brazilian art. Henri Matisse, Piet Mondrian, and Talsila do Amaral are
three artists that influenced her to do art (Guggenheim). In the 90's, Milhaze started doing a method
of collaging art and this became her technique; most of paintings had geometric shapes, floral
patterns, and used very bright colors(Widewalls). African patterns are very different from Milhaze's
artwork. African patterns came from architecture, artifacts, masks and textiles (Contemporary
African Art). Most of the patterns are repetitive, for instance, chevron and zigzag patterns are
examples but geometric shapes are also repetitive. The geometric shapes are used in paintings, print,
and many more. The geometric shapes pattern can be arranged horizontally or vertical. Some
African patterns are also found in crafts and artifacts such as: baskets, jewelry, cravings, blankets,
etc. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Milhazes uses Latin America and European in her art work. The way Milhazes represents her art is
by mixing both Latin America and European style by using geometric, fashion, and decorative art
(Widewalls). Most of her art pieces are colorful, all geometric shapes and the shape of lines are
close together and the patterns are not repetitive while African patterns, are in assorted colors and
pattern are arranged orderly. Symbols represents African patterns. Some of symbols that the
Africans use to represent a symbol flowers, seeds, stars etc (Contemporary African Art). There is
one similarity between African patterns and Milhazes art; the single similarity is that the use of
geometric shapes in

Temptation By Ramon Espanteleon: Art Analysis
Noel Garcia Jr. HUM1020 First visitation paper The first image the stuck out to my visit to the Frost
Museum located on the campus of Florida International University, was the pointillistic
representation of one of Michelangelo's paintings from the Sistine Chapel. In his work titled The
Temptation (2013), Ramon Espanteleon uses the pointillism technique to depict a volumetric map of
the island of Manhattan. As you walk closer to the image, you can see how the use of this
pointillism gives the piece a unique effect that makes it stand out from the rest of the artist work in
this gallery. He uses a grid a 6 x 6 grid method for the image, which can also be attributed to the
"grid" method used to create the streets in Manhattan. The use of bright colors, mixed with the
pointillism, gave the feeling of chaos and movement, which of course, are all attributes that can be
given to the ever changing, fast paced world that is Manhattan. The "most interesting non–
European/non North ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The piece, titled "Flower" created by Jenova Chen the creative director and lead engineer of The
Games Company, LLC. The piece is a yellow flower in a field being blown around by the wind. It
was a pretty boring piece, it changed angles and perspective, but it was not very entertaining. The
colors the artist uses, yellow, green and blue did not help make the image any more entertaining. A
"Special Exhibition" that was currently being displayed at the Frost Museum was The History of
Video Games. It showcased gaming systems dating all the way back to the early 70's Atari System.
It showed computer as well as gaming systems, and images of games such as Super Mario Bros.,
Doom, and even as far back as PacMan. The exhibit allowed the viewer to experience the incredible
way in which the world of video games has changed in a relatively short amount of time. It used
actual gaming systems which the participant could

The Theory Of The Work Of Art
Cubism was always an interpretation of objective reality, of a given motif. But Kandinsky was to
initiate was by contrast essentially and deliberately non–objective. Kandinsky's own experience was
personal and even apocalyptic.
2 Kandinsky conclude non–objective painting must be expressive, emotion or spiritual experience.
Non–objective painting could form and colour, free form all representational aim, be articulated into
a language of symbolic discourse.
3.Art is a construction of concrete elements of form and colour which become expressive in the
process of synthesis or arrangement: the form of the work of art is in itself the content, and whatever
expressiveness there is in the work of art originates with the form.
4. The whole purpose of this alternative principle was to escape from the internal necessities of our
individual existence and to create a pure art, free from human tragedy , impersonal and universal.
5.The painter who was to develop to its logical extreme the objective concept of abstraction was Piet
Mondrian (or Mondriaan)
6. His (Mondrian's) style of pure abstraction evolves gradually and consistently form his patient
search for a reality behind the motif.
7.The journal De Stijl was a propogate their views on art. This became the name of the movement,
though Mondrian himself always preferred Nieuwe Beelding (neo–Plasticism) as a more meaningful
word.
8.M.J Schoenmaekers was an original thinker and had elaborated a Neoplatonic system which he
called

An Essay on Modernism
Modernism describes the ideology of the art and design that were produced during the modernist
period. There has been a lot of controversy about when modernism started, yet many believe it
initiated sometime in the late 19th century and continued to the early 20th century. The modernist
movement was meant to be a break from traditions and it was set up to separate the value of certain
works from the conservative realism. For instance, Unlike the traditional art that was aesthetic, this
movement was more about space and form. In modernist design, shape and organization of products
and buildings were based on their functional requirements. As a result, designs became simpler
without the traditional decorative concepts. The idea behind the ... Show more content on
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The chair utilizes the space and structure well and also is developed from a traditional idea into an
innovative modern design for a chair. This chair was famous for its new use of materials, in the
original design, the frame was made out of chrome steel and the upholstery was covered with white
kidskin and filled with cotton burlap and horsehair (Meadmore, 1997). This chair is still in
production for over eight decades.
____________________________________________________
Moreover, I explained how each image is an example for the core principles of modernism as
mentioned in the overview. In brief, modernist design is innovative. Space, form and structure is
based on the functional requirements. Designs became simple and without overwhelming traditional
aesthetic concepts. Therefore, technology together with simpler design made the product easy to be
mass produced. After the first World War, designers in central Europe intended to change the world
for better through art by rejecting ornamentation as it resembled of the past generations whom
withstood the unpleasant effects of war and poverty (Smith, 2005). Dormer (1993) writes that:
'When intelligent designers of the late 19th or early 20th century looked at the anonymous artifacts
of 18th– and 19th–century industrialization, they saw great beauty in the simple, engineered
structures, and set

Des360 Unit 4 Essay
Assignment #1 Sali Mallat 48031 DES360 This poster talks about how we waste our scarce
resources. This poster is made of text, images and shapes. the images are the images of the toilet seat
and the globe. The shapes are circular and the text is "Waste" and "Water." Once these elements are
integrated we get a clear picture of what the designer is trying to convey through this poster. The
message is to create awareness of how people tend to waste resources, especially water. I believe
that this poster communicates its message successfully as the message is very clear and bold.
POSTER #1: Water–Waste, Andrew Lewis Figure 1: Water–Waste by Andrew Lewis. (Source: Web
Page Exhibition, 2013). Shapes images text This poster is an exhibition poster

Pennsylvania Dutch Word Hex
The word hex can be used as either a verb or noun. The verb hex means "to bewitch" or to "practice
witchcraft on". As a noun, the word can refer to a spell, a charm or a witch. Etymologically, the
word hex began as an American English concept in 1830. It originated with the Pennsylvania Dutch,
who immigrated to this country from Germany in the 18th century. The word is from Pennsylvania
German hexe, which means "to practice witchcraft". Hexe comes from the German word hexen "to
hex" and the word Hexe which means "witch". It is related to the Old High German hagzissa and
Middle English hagge, the root of our word hag which is often associated with witches. The
Pennsylvania Dutch emigrated from Germany and Switzerland in several waves and settled ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is whatever the practitioner puts into the hex. By insinuating that a hex is evil, as is commonly
believed, we are perpetuating misinformation. It's important to understand how this form of
manipulative magick works so a practitioner will understand the need for prudence when working
with hexes. For my definition of hex in the assignment "Off the Top of Your Head", I defined a hex
as "a spell cast that intends either positive or negative outcome????? I don't know on this one?".
Obviously I had much learning to do of this term. While it's true that it could have either a positive
or negative outcome, one should strive for positive, always weighing possible outcomes. I did not
realize that it was a form of manipulative magick, nor had I ever heard of that, but it makes sense. I
had always seen hexes portrayed, especially by Hollywood, as something evil or bad. To summarize,
hexes are not by nature something evil. They have been given a bad reputation by the uninformed.
They are a form of manipulative magick that can be used in a beneficial way, especially to prevent
someone from causing harm to themselves or others. The word hex originated with the Pennsylvania
Dutch who use their own form of magick both symbolically in their hex signs and as part of Pow–
wow

Piet Mondrian
Piet Mondrian
Gray Tree
The Gray Tree is an oil painting created by Piet Mondrian. This was painted in 1911 using a thick
type of oil on canvas. This process would of taken weeks or months due to its thick layers of paint,
even though this was a long process, the motions of the brush strokes look very quick and vivid.
This painting can be found at Gemeente museum in Den Haag.
Analysis
This contemporary painting by Piet Mondrian is almost eerie looking, somewhat releasing a ghostly
essence. This painting makes me feel somewhat scared, but also intrigued, like there is a story
behind this, or like someone or something is going to come out from behind the tree. However this
painting also reminds me of (excuse my nerdy reference here) the ... Show more content on
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In the following years, he would rely on these skills to support himself by producing scientific
drawings and copies of museum paintings.
For Mondrian, art and philosophy were deeply intertwined. He was a prolific writer and theorist, and
was drawn to spiritual and philosophical studies. In 1908, he joined the Theosophical Society, a
spiritual organization with widespread influence in Europe that eventually connected to the New
Age Movement of the 1960s and 1970s. Though he later parted from the group, Theosophy
influenced Mondrian's utopian ideals which found expression in the balance and tension of form and
color in his paintings.
"Always further," is how Mondrian termed his drive to transform his artwork. Starting in 1905, his
traditional landscape compositions began to reveal a new sense of drama and light. Jan Toorop, a
leading artist of Dutch Luminism, introduced Mondrian to the French Post–Impressionists.
Mondrian's paintings changed dramatically as a result, integrating, for example, the bold color and
brushwork of Van Gogh and the pointillist technique of Georges Seurat.
Mature Period
The influence of Cubism marked a turning point in Mondrian's career. He became familiar with the
works of Picasso, Braque and others, and moved to Paris in 1912 which was, at the time, the
thriving center of the avant–garde art world. Cubism gave Mondrian the structure to distill his
landscapes to their essence: he made use of the Cubist grid structure, reducing his

Modernized Art Forms and Styles Essay examples
The beginning of the 20th–century ushered in a new era of Technology: Automobiles, Trains,
Airplanes and the Telegraph, changed the way we perceived and interpreted the world. This new
modern era, as it would later be called, had a profound impact on the Arts and Architecture. Gone
was the old romanticism and symbolism that had dominated the 19th–entury earlier. Instead, Artists
around the world started to incorporate the emerging geometrics of technology into their art.
Cubism, Futurism, Fauvism, Nonobjective art, and the International Style are all examples of art
forms and styles that adapted the abstract geometrics that technology offered. Cubism is an art form
movement that helped shape early 20th century art and the Modernist ... Show more content on
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Picasso also influenced sculpture with his assemblages "artworks that where built up, or pieced
together, from miscellaneous or commonplace materials". (Fiero, p.10) Picasso and Braque vision to
break with the routine and convey abstraction using geometrics would have profound influences on
art movements around the world. One such movement that was influenced by Cubism's use of
geometrics was Futurism. Its founder, Filippo Tommaso Marinetti "called for a style that linked
contemporary expression to industry, technology, and urban life." (Fiero, p.11) Marinetti was
captivated by early 20th century technology: the speed of the car, the airplane and the emerging
industrial city. In 1909 in a series of manifestos, he fiercely prompted the contemporary concepts of
the future to be included in all the arts. Key figures in this movement include the Italian sculptures
Umberto Boccioni. "His near life bronze sculpture captures the sensation of motion as it pushes
forward like an automated robot" (Fiero.p11) Even what we now take for granted "the street light"
was something to awe in the early 20th century as evident by the work of Giacomo Balla whose
painting the Street Light according to author Fiero recalls "Balla wittily claimed that this painting, in
which electric light

Louise Nevelson
Louise Nevelson–
Sky Cathedral Presence
Survey of World Art
By
Vyacheslav Borts
The sculptress Louise Nevelson was a towering figure of American modernism. Born in 1899, she
came to prominence in the late '50s, gaining renown for monochromatic structures built out of
discarded wood. Critic Arthur C. Danto wrote, "There could be no better word for how Nevelson
composed her work than bricolage–a French term that means making do with what is at hand."
(Danto 2007) Her pieces evolved and expanded in size across the latter 20th century, moving from
smaller pieces to wall–sized ones, and the plays of volume therein, between light and mass,
generated comparisons to numerous different movements. The following paper will examine these
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The poignancy of this girl's untimely death and the instant of life the Grave Stele captures are both
magnified by the weight and constancy of the marble. By contrast, Nevelson achieves something
like suppleness in Sky Cathedral by her use of multiple layers and multiple "new" spaces that
emerge from different vantage points. From the Attic Greek to the Augustan age brings one to the
Imperial Procession, located on the North frieze of the Ara Pacis Augustae (Fig. 4). The first two
sculptures put into conversation with Sky Cathedral were mortuary, but the Imperial Procession is
celebratory. The first two are both smaller than four feet, but the Procession is life–sized, so its
visual force is thus magnified. Finally, the individuals therein are not idealized types, in contrast to
earlier Greek modes of statuary–they naturalistic depictions of many actual people in the line of the
Caesars. The Ara Pacis took four years to build, due to its desired scale and quality, and that scale
points to a salient evolution from the Greeks to the Romans. Riegl claimed this vector went from
what he call[ed] the haptic objectivism of the Greeks–the delineation of the clarity of the object
through an appeal to and a stimulation of the tactile associations of the viewer–to the optical
objectivism of Roman art, in which the need to set the figure up in space as radically

On The Grey Tree Mondrian
Mondrian was born in 1872, and died in 1944. Throughout his career, he made sure to create many
geometric artworks. He "came from a neat, Calvinist country where the severe landscape of
interlocking canals and ruler–straight roads often looked mechanically laid out"(145). He was a
painter and used oil on canvas to create his artworks. In 1892, he had a degree in education and
could "Teach drawing in secondary schools" (Early life and works).
This painting was created in 1912, and was called The Grey Tree. If he was alive right now, and had
the same technology that is common in 2016, I don't think he would have changed how he made his
artwork. He may have had a different way to get to the end product, but in the end it would probably
look the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If Mondrian was alive today, this painting may be a little different. This is because it looks nothing
like what he named it, so maybe he would have biased it off a different picture to get more of an
ocean feel to the painting. The painting was painted with oil paints on a canvas.
This painting was created in 1912, and it was named The Flowering Apple Tree. In this painting, he
probably used what he thought an apple tree that was flowering looked like if created geometrically.
He probably would not have changed this painting if he was alive today, even though it doesn't look
like an apple tree. However, there is a possibility that he would have found a way to make it look
more like an apple tree rather than what it looks like.
This painting was created in 1944, the year that Piet Mondrian died. It was called the Victory Boogie
Woogie. In this painting, it was likely something he imagined and wanted to make it visible to
everyone. Because that is how he thought of this painting, he wouldn't have changed what it looked
like today. Unless there was something else that gave him the inspiration, because then it could look
like something totally different. However, it depends on how he got the inspiration, or if there was
some reason he thought of this exact

A New Idea For Furniture Pieces By Comparing The Red And...
It was the 1917 a period after the World War I when the De Stijl art movement in Netherlands was
born. It was a period where in the art and in the design communities were changing and things starts
to get the forms of the machine–like. It was also the period of the Cubism which was influencing al
the new designs. Thanks to being neutral during the World War I, Netherlands' artist were able to
focus on art that didn't reflect the dark moments of the war. The Schroder House and its furniture are
one of the best and true example of the De Stijl Architecture. They were designed entirely by Gerrit
Rietveld between 1919–1924. He was the main exponent of the movement. This paper will present
an analysis on how Rietveld was able to create a new idea for furniture pieces using the principles of
the De Stijl movement by comparing the Red and Blue Chair, the Schroeder Table and the interior of
the Schroeder House with the aid of images, sketches and diagrams to better explain this
comparison. I would like to start first with a little description of the De Stijl art movement. De Stijl
is translated in Dutch and it means "The Style". It arose in the twentieth century and it contributed to
the history of the Modernism. Like said before it was the period of the Cubism which influenced the
art and design communities a lot, so De Stijl was influenced by the principles of the Cubism as well.
De Stijl wasn't like the other movement from the past of from the same period, because it wasn't a

Who Is David Reed´s Abstract Art?
Abstract art is art which is not representational, it could be based on a subject or may have no source
at all in the external world. If we were to track the start of abstraction, we could consider that it
started in prehistoric time in cave paintings were geometrical symbols were the central depiction of
"art". It's not until the late nineteenth century where artists began to progress in the opposite
direction, from the naturalistic to the abstract. Art during this movement was about the creation of
beautiful effect where the purpose of an object was to invoke an emotional response within the
observer without actually describing the piece. Abstraction in the 1990s challenged traditional
boundaries between media and the conventional parameters ... Show more content on
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Her art goes way outside of the norm, where she's not painting anything abstract, but she's actually
creating it with the space she is given. Her unique way of using cloth and color with the floor
opened a new concept and physical space of painting. Apfelbaum is best known for her "Falling
Paintings", these are floor pieces composed of patches and strips of hand–dyed fabrics. The position
of her patches become important because one way that may look darker or lighter. It's interesting
that even though her art is not in a canvas we can still see some of those abstract elements seen in
the early 20th century. Her installation of Split is a great example because she creates rectangular
shapes and almost look like Malevich rectangular shapes and lines combined with Kandinsky's use
of color. Her series of Compulsory Figures created in 1996 definitely makes me think of Rothko's
paintings because she just displays two color that have no meaning. It's kind of like "What are they
supposed to be or Why are they there?" Even if Rothko was not her influence for this installation its
interesting because you can walk around the space and it'll give you a different shade of colors as
you disturb the light. This form of abstraction definitely opens the viewer to become involved in the

Modernism Essay
Modernism is characterized by the rejection of tradition. Creatives of the Modernist era questioned
what came before, looking for fresh ways to interpret familiar subjects, rejecting historical themes
while searching for a means to understand and communicate the present (Medina 1995).
Furthermore, Belting (2003, 17) states Modernism embraced "all the crises and schisms of the
modern world". The key points of this paper will be ascertained through the evaluation of four
European Modernist artworks produced between 1860 and 1935. These artworks include La
Montagne Saint Victoire by Paul Cézanne displaying angular lines, color modulation, and
geometricized forms; a classic example of Divisionism and Pointillism by Georges Seurat – Sunday
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Modernism's quest for creative possibilities encouraged artists to produce visually–distorted
depictions of standard subjects, whilst others began exploring subject matter devoid of any
relationship with observable surroundings, resulting in abstraction. (Nicholls 2009).
A discernible example of Modernism's rejection of earlier artistic tradition is La Montagne Saint
Victoire (figure 2) by Paul Cézanne (1902–4). Cézanne produced over thirty oil paintings and
numerous watercolors on the topic of Mont Sainte–Victoire, portraying nature as geometrized
shapes and pronounced colour sequences (Courchia et al. 2011). In La Montagne Saint Victoire,
Cézanne created a streamlined, structured landscape, using angular territories of pigment and
elementary shapes of "...cylinder, sphere and the cone" (De La Croix, Gardner, and Tansey 1975,
701). Cézanne's unblended fields of color, and vibrant to cool modulation, created spatial dimension
enhanced by prismatic and lustrous qualities. Rather than imitate the visual experience of the
physical world as observed in prior traditions such as Neoclassicism and Realism, Cézanne
embraced the confines of the two–dimensional surface, placing colorful fragments in harmonious
arrangements to realize the essence of the motif (Miller 2017; Loran 1970), consequently, Cézanne's
new pictorial imagery inspired ground–breaking art trends such as Cubism and Symbolism
(Lichtenstein 1964;

Composition II
Composition II in Red, Blue, and Yellow
First impressions of Piet Mondrian's Composition II with Red Blue and Yellow generally identify
the art as shapes with color. However, there is much meaning behind the abstract work of art.
Created in 1930 on a 46x46cm canvas, the oil painting portrays thick, black brushwork separating
different figures of rectangles. It was made on the foundation of Neo–Plasticism, an artistic
movement at that time focusing on the most basic, abstract elements of painting. The artist's
intended effect, harmonious tension, is well achieved through the contrast between the colored
rectangles and black lines, and perspective.
An element of the art that helped convey the effect was the contrast between the colored rectangles
and black lines. The artwork portrayed different ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Separating these rectangles is black lines, all of different thickness. Mondrian saw this contrasts
between the colored shapes and line as a metaphor for reality. It signifies both the balance and
harmony of dynamic forces in life. These dynamic forces in life work together to create peace, just
as the rectangles and lines work together to create peace in the art. The overall asymmetry
contributes to the other effect: tension. The black lines run off of the canvas, and seem to never end.
Nothing in the painting is alike, all different shapes and colors. Although the painting can seem so
beautiful and perfect at first, it may also bring the stress and lust to make to go and align the shapes
and lines to make it symmetrical. This is a metaphor for the utopia and dystopia in life. Life can be
so calming, yet comes with it, is the tension and anxiety. For example, in Mondrian's life, he moved
to the Netherlands in pursuit of expanding his art. This relatively hopeful and jubilant decision was
shut down when World War I began. It had seemed like World War I

Mondrian's Tableau 1: Lozenge With Four Lines And Gray
A viewer's initial read of Piet Mondrian's, 1926 work, Tableau 1: Lozenge with Four Lines and
Gray, is visually boring, simplistic, static, as well as lifeless and unemotional. The oil painting on
canvas constructs a strict geometric composition with its two–dimensionality, monochromatic
palette. But by uncovering the complexities of his work, the viewer discovers the tension and
balance that is created by the various principles of design implemented throughout the composition.
Mondrian, with the subtlest compositional nuances, creates a successful work of art that achieves a
sense of dynamism and equilibrium while reflecting into the mind of the viewer.
To create dynamism, Mondrian uses an unconventional orientation for his painting by

Jackson Pollock

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