This document presents a comparative study of major telecom service providers in India based on secondary data analysis and a customer satisfaction survey. It analyzes the providers over the last five years on business metrics like net sales, profit after tax, total income, total expenditures, and market capitalization. It also evaluates customer satisfaction levels for the providers based on factors like network coverage, tariffs, plans, billing, and customer service. The study found that Bharti Airtel led in all business metrics over the period analyzed and had the highest overall customer satisfaction levels among the major Indian telecom providers.
this is the analysis done by me on telecom sector. in this there is the objective of survey, its introduction and to make it more clear i have taken the example of airtel company and with this example i have explained everything.
this assignment is generally prepared to analyse the strategic analysis on telecom industries and in this the example has been taken for Airtel Telecom Sector and its analysis has been done.
The telecom industry in India ranks 3rd globally and has the 2nd largest network in Asia. It has experienced rapid growth, with wireless subscribers increasing from 150 million in 2007 to over 850 million in 2012. However, the industry now faces challenges of market saturation, declining revenues due to intense price competition, and low ARPU. The future of the industry depends on expanding rural connectivity, leveraging new technologies like 3G, increasing value-added services, and more infrastructure sharing between providers. Strict regulation by TRAI has both helped and posed difficulties for telecom companies in India.
Vodafone value enabled services to business customers. Paul Palathingal
This document provides an overview of the Indian telecommunications sector. It discusses key statistics on internet and mobile phone users in India. It also outlines the liberalization and growth of the telecom industry since the 1990s. The document then examines major telecom companies in India (Airtel, Idea, Vodafone, Reliance Jio, Aircel) and details their spectrum holdings and 4G/LTE rollout plans. Government initiatives to promote growth and investment in telecom are also summarized.
The telecom industry in India has experienced significant growth over the last decade, driven by factors such as increasing network coverage, declining tariffs due to competition, and the launch of new technologies. Key metrics that reflect this growth include rising subscriber numbers, which surpassed 897 million in 2013, and increased internet and broadband access. However, this growth has also come at environmental and financial costs. Moving forward, continued investment, expansion of rural connectivity, and policies promoting sustainability and local manufacturing are expected to further develop the telecom sector in India.
Business & Industrial Analysis on IT and Telecom Sector By Subham(intern at I...Subham Sahu
The document provides an industry analysis of the Indian IT and telecom sectors, outlining key trends such as growth in cloud computing, enterprise applications, and software testing in the IT industry. It also discusses the rapid growth of the Indian telecommunications market in recent years, as well as the billion dollar value added services industry. The analysis examines opportunities and challenges facing startups in various subsectors of the IT and telecom industries.
Telecommunication Industry- Ratio AnalysisLiza Dsouza
The telecom industry in India has grown significantly over the last decade due to government policies and increased production of devices. The document analyzes and compares the financial ratios of Hartron Communications Ltd. and ADC India Communications Ltd. It finds that while both companies have good liquidity, Hartron may have issues meeting short-term obligations. It also finds that the companies have decreased profitability due to economic slowdowns abroad, but are taking measures to control costs and invest in new technologies. The document recommends both companies improve cash reserves, explore new markets, and invest in high-growth areas like real estate, technology and 4G to boost profits.
this is the analysis done by me on telecom sector. in this there is the objective of survey, its introduction and to make it more clear i have taken the example of airtel company and with this example i have explained everything.
this assignment is generally prepared to analyse the strategic analysis on telecom industries and in this the example has been taken for Airtel Telecom Sector and its analysis has been done.
The telecom industry in India ranks 3rd globally and has the 2nd largest network in Asia. It has experienced rapid growth, with wireless subscribers increasing from 150 million in 2007 to over 850 million in 2012. However, the industry now faces challenges of market saturation, declining revenues due to intense price competition, and low ARPU. The future of the industry depends on expanding rural connectivity, leveraging new technologies like 3G, increasing value-added services, and more infrastructure sharing between providers. Strict regulation by TRAI has both helped and posed difficulties for telecom companies in India.
Vodafone value enabled services to business customers. Paul Palathingal
This document provides an overview of the Indian telecommunications sector. It discusses key statistics on internet and mobile phone users in India. It also outlines the liberalization and growth of the telecom industry since the 1990s. The document then examines major telecom companies in India (Airtel, Idea, Vodafone, Reliance Jio, Aircel) and details their spectrum holdings and 4G/LTE rollout plans. Government initiatives to promote growth and investment in telecom are also summarized.
The telecom industry in India has experienced significant growth over the last decade, driven by factors such as increasing network coverage, declining tariffs due to competition, and the launch of new technologies. Key metrics that reflect this growth include rising subscriber numbers, which surpassed 897 million in 2013, and increased internet and broadband access. However, this growth has also come at environmental and financial costs. Moving forward, continued investment, expansion of rural connectivity, and policies promoting sustainability and local manufacturing are expected to further develop the telecom sector in India.
Business & Industrial Analysis on IT and Telecom Sector By Subham(intern at I...Subham Sahu
The document provides an industry analysis of the Indian IT and telecom sectors, outlining key trends such as growth in cloud computing, enterprise applications, and software testing in the IT industry. It also discusses the rapid growth of the Indian telecommunications market in recent years, as well as the billion dollar value added services industry. The analysis examines opportunities and challenges facing startups in various subsectors of the IT and telecom industries.
Telecommunication Industry- Ratio AnalysisLiza Dsouza
The telecom industry in India has grown significantly over the last decade due to government policies and increased production of devices. The document analyzes and compares the financial ratios of Hartron Communications Ltd. and ADC India Communications Ltd. It finds that while both companies have good liquidity, Hartron may have issues meeting short-term obligations. It also finds that the companies have decreased profitability due to economic slowdowns abroad, but are taking measures to control costs and invest in new technologies. The document recommends both companies improve cash reserves, explore new markets, and invest in high-growth areas like real estate, technology and 4G to boost profits.
I am not putting any restrictions on this PPT. But, it will be very great, if you acknowledge my work. It will cost nothing. And, of course you can appreciate my work :) .Surprisingly, it also costs NOTHING. Happy to help you :)
I tried to acknowledge everything ,(not usually cut,copy and paste and then forgetting..) that helped me to make this ppt. May be why I ended up with a job in a research co. because of this.
The Indian telecommunications network is the second largest in the world with over 904 million connections. It has low call rates and a large internet user base of over 137 million users. Major sectors include telephone, internet, and television. Bharti Airtel is India's largest mobile operator and second largest fixed line provider, operating in 20 countries across Asia and Africa. It has over 287 million subscribers and a 13% increase in connections, making it one of the top 5 mobile operators worldwide. Airtel has received numerous awards for quality of service, innovation, and brand recognition.
May 2016 Edition of BEACON, A Monthly Newsletter by SIMCON.
Inside this issue:
About Us
Our Team
INDUSTRY ANALYSIS : Telecommunications Industry
Brand Analysis: Nike
Case Study Analysis: Cadbury
Concept of the month: EVA
The telecom industry in India has grown rapidly over the past decade and a half. India now has over 1 billion subscribers and is the second largest telecom market globally. The industry is expected to generate 4 million jobs in the coming years. It comprises mobile/wireless, fixed-line, and internet services. Major players include Vodafone Idea, Airtel, Jio, BSNL and others. The industry faces threats from substitutes but also barriers to entry. It has grown at a CAGR of 7.17% and revenues are expected to further increase due to initiatives like Digital India that aim to improve connectivity nationwide.
This document provides an overview and summary of a summer internship project report on analyzing employee satisfaction at Joister Infomedia Pvt. Ltd. The summary is divided into two parts: the first part gives context on the company and objectives of the study. The second part involved collecting primary data through employee surveys to analyze job satisfaction. Key findings were presented using diagrams and charts. The intern gained valuable experience in interacting with people and dealing with different situations.
This document is a project report submitted by Lokesh Sharma for the partial fulfillment of an MBA degree. The report focuses on analyzing the marketing strategies of Airtel, one of the largest cellular operators in India. It includes an introduction to the telecommunications market in India, an executive summary of the report, a table of contents, and initial sections covering the GSM market and Airtel's competitive situation. The document provides an overview and outline of the topics that will be analyzed in the full report regarding Airtel's marketing strategies.
The document summarizes a presentation on Bharti Airtel's rebranding strategy and its results. It analyzes Airtel's market share trends, subscriber growth, SWOT analysis, and BCG/Ansoff matrices. While Airtel remains the top telecom company in India, its rebranding strategy was not fully effective and it lost some market share. The rebranding costs and issues with its African operations also reduced Airtel's profits. Network crashes may have been caused by the launch of new 3G services.
The Indian telecommunications sector has experienced rapid growth in recent years and become the third largest market globally. A PESTEL analysis was conducted to analyze the key political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental factors influencing the industry. Politically, reforms since the 1980s have opened the sector to private players. Economically, revenue and GDP contribution have increased significantly. Socially, changing lifestyles and rural connectivity have impacted demand. Technologically, advances like 3G and new standards have been adopted. Legally, regulations have evolved with the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India now overseeing the sector. Environmentally, operators are focusing more on reducing electronic waste and emissions.
The telecom industry in India went through significant changes and disruption in 2017. There was increased consolidation with mergers and acquisitions reducing the number of operators. Data consumption increased dramatically with the expansion of 4G networks. However, financial performance declined for operators due to intense price competition resulting in falling tariffs. Going forward, consolidation is expected to improve service quality and investment capabilities. Operators will need to focus on improving network capacity and enhancing the customer experience to address ongoing challenges of high debt levels, competitive pressures and changing revenue models.
This document is a student's term paper report on the marketing strategies of Bharti Airtel, the largest telecommunications company in India. It includes an introduction providing background on the development of the Indian telecommunications sector. It then outlines the contents of the report, which will cover Airtel's marketing strategies, SWOT analysis, competitive advantages, and current market position. The report was submitted in partial fulfillment of a B.Com degree and includes standard elements like an acknowledgments section, table of contents, and executive summary.
The telecom sector in India has undergone significant reforms and liberalization since the 1990s. Prior to 1991, the sector was operated as a public sector monopoly by BSNL, MTNL and VSNL. The National Telecom Policy of 1994 opened up the sector to private players. The sector is now regulated by TRAI, which was established in 1997 as an independent regulator. Reforms have led to rapid growth, with India now having the third largest telecom network globally. However, further reforms are still needed to address issues around spectrum management and rural connectivity.
This document provides a report on Bharti Airtel Limited that was submitted to Prof. A. Nag. It includes an executive summary, introduction on the company overview, objectives, methodology used including primary and secondary data sources, analyses using models like SWOT, BCG matrix, Porter's five forces, Ansoff matrix, and environmental and competitor analyses. It also includes findings, recommendations, bibliography and references.
The document provides an overview of key trends in the Indian telecommunications sector. It notes that India has the second largest telecommunications market in the world, with over 1 billion subscribers as of 2016. It also discusses the growth of the wireless segment, which now dominates the market with over 97% of total subscriptions. Major companies like Bharti Airtel and Vodafone have the largest market shares. The number of internet and broadband subscriptions are also growing rapidly in India. Notable trends include a focus on expanding rural networks, green telecom initiatives, and the rollout of 4G services.
Machine to machine (M2M) and the broader Internet of Things (IoT) market represent a key opportunity for telecoms operators. The document discusses several topics related to IoT opportunities for telecoms operators:
1) M2M is expected to generate $8 billion in additional revenue for telecom operators in Asia-Pacific from 2013-2019, helping to offset declines in other areas. Growth will be driven by both developed and emerging markets in the region.
2) Telecom operators' strategies for pursuing IoT opportunities are guided by three main motivations - using IoT to generate new connectivity revenue, supporting existing business, and entering new vertical markets.
3) While moving up the
Marketing Strategies of Bharti Airtel in Northeastluchercrisis
This document is a summer internship project report submitted by a student towards their post graduate diploma in management. It provides an overview of Bharti Airtel's marketing strategies in Northeast India. The report includes an introduction to the telecommunications industry in India, profiles of Bharti Airtel and its competitors, an analysis of Airtel's marketing strategy in Northeast India, the objectives and methodology of the study, findings from research conducted, a SWOT analysis of Airtel, and conclusions from the report.
The pdf is brief analysis on Strategies used by Airtel.
Contains PESTLE Analysis, SWOT Analysis, VRIO Analysis of Airtel. A brief about Telecom Industry and Corporate structure of Airtel.
Airtel is a major telecommunications provider operating in 20 countries across Asia and Africa. It has over 230 million subscribers worldwide, including over 170 million in India alone, making it India's largest cellular service provider. The document discusses Airtel's operations and market strategies in India, including its partnerships with major technology companies, investments in rural network expansion, and competitive relationships with other carriers like Vodafone. It also describes the objectives and methodology of a marketing study conducted on Airtel's performance and customer preferences in Lucknow, India.
This document discusses different techniques for implementing fault tolerance in parallel finite impulse response (FIR) filters on FPGAs. It proposes a new technique called Reduced Precision Redundancy (RPR) which extends the Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR) approach. RPR uses reduced precision replicas instead of full precision replicas to reduce implementation costs like area, power, and delay compared to TMR. The document illustrates applying RPR protection to parallel FIR filters and compares it to TMR and error correction code approaches. It shows that RPR is preferable when multi-bit errors occur due to its ability to correct such errors with lower overhead.
This document summarizes research using particle swarm optimization (PSO) to tune the parameters of a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller for optimal speed control of a brushless DC motor (BLDC). PSO is used to determine the optimal values for the PID gains (Kp, Ki, Kd) by minimizing a fitness function based on time domain performance criteria. Simulation results show that PID control tuned with PSO improves the dynamic performance of the BLDC motor speed control system compared to PID control tuned with conventional methods.
I am not putting any restrictions on this PPT. But, it will be very great, if you acknowledge my work. It will cost nothing. And, of course you can appreciate my work :) .Surprisingly, it also costs NOTHING. Happy to help you :)
I tried to acknowledge everything ,(not usually cut,copy and paste and then forgetting..) that helped me to make this ppt. May be why I ended up with a job in a research co. because of this.
The Indian telecommunications network is the second largest in the world with over 904 million connections. It has low call rates and a large internet user base of over 137 million users. Major sectors include telephone, internet, and television. Bharti Airtel is India's largest mobile operator and second largest fixed line provider, operating in 20 countries across Asia and Africa. It has over 287 million subscribers and a 13% increase in connections, making it one of the top 5 mobile operators worldwide. Airtel has received numerous awards for quality of service, innovation, and brand recognition.
May 2016 Edition of BEACON, A Monthly Newsletter by SIMCON.
Inside this issue:
About Us
Our Team
INDUSTRY ANALYSIS : Telecommunications Industry
Brand Analysis: Nike
Case Study Analysis: Cadbury
Concept of the month: EVA
The telecom industry in India has grown rapidly over the past decade and a half. India now has over 1 billion subscribers and is the second largest telecom market globally. The industry is expected to generate 4 million jobs in the coming years. It comprises mobile/wireless, fixed-line, and internet services. Major players include Vodafone Idea, Airtel, Jio, BSNL and others. The industry faces threats from substitutes but also barriers to entry. It has grown at a CAGR of 7.17% and revenues are expected to further increase due to initiatives like Digital India that aim to improve connectivity nationwide.
This document provides an overview and summary of a summer internship project report on analyzing employee satisfaction at Joister Infomedia Pvt. Ltd. The summary is divided into two parts: the first part gives context on the company and objectives of the study. The second part involved collecting primary data through employee surveys to analyze job satisfaction. Key findings were presented using diagrams and charts. The intern gained valuable experience in interacting with people and dealing with different situations.
This document is a project report submitted by Lokesh Sharma for the partial fulfillment of an MBA degree. The report focuses on analyzing the marketing strategies of Airtel, one of the largest cellular operators in India. It includes an introduction to the telecommunications market in India, an executive summary of the report, a table of contents, and initial sections covering the GSM market and Airtel's competitive situation. The document provides an overview and outline of the topics that will be analyzed in the full report regarding Airtel's marketing strategies.
The document summarizes a presentation on Bharti Airtel's rebranding strategy and its results. It analyzes Airtel's market share trends, subscriber growth, SWOT analysis, and BCG/Ansoff matrices. While Airtel remains the top telecom company in India, its rebranding strategy was not fully effective and it lost some market share. The rebranding costs and issues with its African operations also reduced Airtel's profits. Network crashes may have been caused by the launch of new 3G services.
The Indian telecommunications sector has experienced rapid growth in recent years and become the third largest market globally. A PESTEL analysis was conducted to analyze the key political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental factors influencing the industry. Politically, reforms since the 1980s have opened the sector to private players. Economically, revenue and GDP contribution have increased significantly. Socially, changing lifestyles and rural connectivity have impacted demand. Technologically, advances like 3G and new standards have been adopted. Legally, regulations have evolved with the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India now overseeing the sector. Environmentally, operators are focusing more on reducing electronic waste and emissions.
The telecom industry in India went through significant changes and disruption in 2017. There was increased consolidation with mergers and acquisitions reducing the number of operators. Data consumption increased dramatically with the expansion of 4G networks. However, financial performance declined for operators due to intense price competition resulting in falling tariffs. Going forward, consolidation is expected to improve service quality and investment capabilities. Operators will need to focus on improving network capacity and enhancing the customer experience to address ongoing challenges of high debt levels, competitive pressures and changing revenue models.
This document is a student's term paper report on the marketing strategies of Bharti Airtel, the largest telecommunications company in India. It includes an introduction providing background on the development of the Indian telecommunications sector. It then outlines the contents of the report, which will cover Airtel's marketing strategies, SWOT analysis, competitive advantages, and current market position. The report was submitted in partial fulfillment of a B.Com degree and includes standard elements like an acknowledgments section, table of contents, and executive summary.
The telecom sector in India has undergone significant reforms and liberalization since the 1990s. Prior to 1991, the sector was operated as a public sector monopoly by BSNL, MTNL and VSNL. The National Telecom Policy of 1994 opened up the sector to private players. The sector is now regulated by TRAI, which was established in 1997 as an independent regulator. Reforms have led to rapid growth, with India now having the third largest telecom network globally. However, further reforms are still needed to address issues around spectrum management and rural connectivity.
This document provides a report on Bharti Airtel Limited that was submitted to Prof. A. Nag. It includes an executive summary, introduction on the company overview, objectives, methodology used including primary and secondary data sources, analyses using models like SWOT, BCG matrix, Porter's five forces, Ansoff matrix, and environmental and competitor analyses. It also includes findings, recommendations, bibliography and references.
The document provides an overview of key trends in the Indian telecommunications sector. It notes that India has the second largest telecommunications market in the world, with over 1 billion subscribers as of 2016. It also discusses the growth of the wireless segment, which now dominates the market with over 97% of total subscriptions. Major companies like Bharti Airtel and Vodafone have the largest market shares. The number of internet and broadband subscriptions are also growing rapidly in India. Notable trends include a focus on expanding rural networks, green telecom initiatives, and the rollout of 4G services.
Machine to machine (M2M) and the broader Internet of Things (IoT) market represent a key opportunity for telecoms operators. The document discusses several topics related to IoT opportunities for telecoms operators:
1) M2M is expected to generate $8 billion in additional revenue for telecom operators in Asia-Pacific from 2013-2019, helping to offset declines in other areas. Growth will be driven by both developed and emerging markets in the region.
2) Telecom operators' strategies for pursuing IoT opportunities are guided by three main motivations - using IoT to generate new connectivity revenue, supporting existing business, and entering new vertical markets.
3) While moving up the
Marketing Strategies of Bharti Airtel in Northeastluchercrisis
This document is a summer internship project report submitted by a student towards their post graduate diploma in management. It provides an overview of Bharti Airtel's marketing strategies in Northeast India. The report includes an introduction to the telecommunications industry in India, profiles of Bharti Airtel and its competitors, an analysis of Airtel's marketing strategy in Northeast India, the objectives and methodology of the study, findings from research conducted, a SWOT analysis of Airtel, and conclusions from the report.
The pdf is brief analysis on Strategies used by Airtel.
Contains PESTLE Analysis, SWOT Analysis, VRIO Analysis of Airtel. A brief about Telecom Industry and Corporate structure of Airtel.
Airtel is a major telecommunications provider operating in 20 countries across Asia and Africa. It has over 230 million subscribers worldwide, including over 170 million in India alone, making it India's largest cellular service provider. The document discusses Airtel's operations and market strategies in India, including its partnerships with major technology companies, investments in rural network expansion, and competitive relationships with other carriers like Vodafone. It also describes the objectives and methodology of a marketing study conducted on Airtel's performance and customer preferences in Lucknow, India.
This document discusses different techniques for implementing fault tolerance in parallel finite impulse response (FIR) filters on FPGAs. It proposes a new technique called Reduced Precision Redundancy (RPR) which extends the Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR) approach. RPR uses reduced precision replicas instead of full precision replicas to reduce implementation costs like area, power, and delay compared to TMR. The document illustrates applying RPR protection to parallel FIR filters and compares it to TMR and error correction code approaches. It shows that RPR is preferable when multi-bit errors occur due to its ability to correct such errors with lower overhead.
This document summarizes research using particle swarm optimization (PSO) to tune the parameters of a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller for optimal speed control of a brushless DC motor (BLDC). PSO is used to determine the optimal values for the PID gains (Kp, Ki, Kd) by minimizing a fitness function based on time domain performance criteria. Simulation results show that PID control tuned with PSO improves the dynamic performance of the BLDC motor speed control system compared to PID control tuned with conventional methods.
This document provides an overview of concept drift, which refers to changes in the underlying patterns or distributions of data over time. The main types of concept drift are discussed, including changes in class probabilities, class-conditional probabilities, and posterior probabilities. Several techniques for detecting concept drift are also summarized, such as the Drift Detection Method (DDM) and its modification EDDM, the ADWIN method using variable-sized windows, paired learners using stable and reactive models, and the ECDD method based on exponentially weighted moving averages. The document reviews these concept drift detection algorithms and their applications for adapting models to changing data streams.
This paper presents a new approach called service-oriented traffic classification (SOTC) to reduce false positives and false negatives from network traffic classification. SOTC exploits information about previously discovered services in the network to classify traffic flows. The key advantages of SOTC are improved accuracy, limited computational requirements, reduced memory needs, and the ability to use any classifier in the initial service identification stage. Currently, most network classification algorithms fall into payload-based or behavioral categories, both of which have limitations like sensitivity to packet loss, difficulty in signature creation, inability to handle encryption, and high computational demands. This paper aims to address some of these limitations with the proposed SOTC approach.
This document provides a comprehensive review of existing works in offline handwritten character recognition. It discusses the three major stages of any character recognition system: preprocessing, feature extraction, and classification. For preprocessing, it describes techniques like binarization, filtering, and morphological operations that are used to improve image quality. For feature extraction, it discusses various methods used to represent characters, including global transformations, statistical representations, and geometrical/topological features. Wavelet transforms are highlighted as a commonly used feature extraction technique. Finally, it provides an overview of literature on methods used in each stage of offline handwritten character recognition systems.
This document discusses estimating hand muscle power using surface electromyography (EMG). EMG is used to evaluate electrical activity in muscles during activities to grade muscle strength. The research aims to develop an automatic method for grading muscle power. EMG is acquired from hand muscles during different activities and analyzed. Analysis includes root mean square, maximum amplitude, and burst time of EMG signals. Results from fifty young subjects show these metrics increase with greater muscle contraction and resistance, allowing muscle strength grading. The method could improve on manual muscle testing which depends on examiner judgment.
This document proposes a new shape-adaptive reversible integer lapped transform (SA-RLT) method for region-of-interest (ROI) coding of 2D remote sensing images. SA-RLT performs better than other transforms like SA-DWT and SA-DCT. The method segments the ROI using a new algorithm rather than hand segmentation. It then designs a SA-RLT based ROI compression scheme using object-based set partitioned embedded block coding (OBSPECK). Experimental results show that SA-RLT compression outperforms DCT and DWT compression for remote sensing images. The method provides flexible bit rate control and allows lossless ROI coding without background areas.
This document presents six infinite families of positive integral solutions to the biquadratic equation 1)( 2
xyzwwzyx with four unknowns. Linear transformations are used to put the equation in the form of a general Pell's equation. Six triples (a,b,c) that satisfy the necessary conditions are identified and used to generate the families of solutions. Each family is expressed parametrically in terms of two integers n and n+1. In total, six different parametric families of solutions to the original biquadratic equation are presented.
This document provides a review of engineered composite materials that use natural fibers as reinforcement. It discusses the classification and properties of different types of composites, including polymer matrix composites, metal matrix composites, ceramic matrix composites, and bio-matrix composites. The document also reviews the use of natural fibers as an alternative reinforcement to glass fibers in fiber reinforced polymer composites due to their low cost, good mechanical properties, renewability, and biodegradability. However, natural fiber composites have shortfalls related to the hydrophilic nature of the fibers and their incompatibility with hydrophobic polymer matrices. Engineering approaches aim to overcome these issues to improve the performance of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites.
This document provides a review of optimization techniques for the wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) process. It begins with an introduction to WEDM, describing the working principle and important process parameters like pulse width, time between pulses, servo reference voltage, and wire tension. The document then reviews literature on optimization methods that have been used to maximize material removal rate while minimizing electrode wear rate. Specifically, it discusses two studies that used Taguchi's design of experiments approach and desirability functions to optimize cutting conditions for different materials like minimizing wear rate and maximizing material removal rate in WEDM.
1) A single-phase matrix converter topology is presented that can synthesize a lower or higher DC output voltage from a given AC supply voltage. It uses an active pulse width modulation technique to maintain a continuous, sinusoidal input current that is in phase with the supply voltage, improving the input power factor.
2) Conventional rectifiers draw discontinuous current with high harmonics, resulting in poor power quality. The proposed single-phase matrix converter acting as a rectifier with active PWM can suppress harmonic current drawn by the rectifier load.
3) Simulation results show that for boost and buck rectification using the proposed single-phase matrix converter with active PWM technique, the supply current is sinusoidal and in phase
This document compares the Perturb and Observe (P&O) and fuzzy logic controller (FLC) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques for photovoltaic (PV) systems. It introduces PV cell modeling and characteristics, and discusses various MPPT techniques including P&O, incremental conductance method, and fuzzy logic control. The document aims to design an FLC-based MPPT controller and compare its performance to P&O control in tracking the maximum power point under changing environmental conditions for improved PV system efficiency.
This document studies the factors affecting the movement of contaminating particles in insulating sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas in gas insulated switchgear (GIS). It investigates how particles' shapes, dimensions, configuration of the gap between electrodes, magnitude of peak impulse voltage, and drag based on SF6 gas viscosity influence particles' motion. The results show particles' motion varies significantly depending on their shapes, sizes, peak voltage, and gap configuration. Drag forces are important to consider and affect particles' acceleration. Equations are developed to model particles' velocity and displacement over time under an impulse voltage considering various drag scenarios.
This document describes an evaluation of natural draft wet cooling tower (NDWCT) performance using different packing fills in Iraq via artificial neural networks (ANN). Experimental tests were conducted on a NDWCT rig using honeycomb, splash, and trickle fills under varying conditions. An ANN with 10 hidden neurons was developed using the Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation algorithm in MATLAB to predict the experimental results. The ANN predictions showed good agreement with the experiments based on correlation coefficients above 0.994, low root mean square errors below 6%, and mean relative errors below 8.4%.
1) The document discusses various ways that artificial intelligence can be applied to different phases of the software engineering lifecycle, including requirements specification, design, coding, testing, and estimation.
2) It provides examples of using techniques like natural language processing to clarify requirements, knowledge graphs to manage requirements information, and computational intelligence for requirements prioritization.
3) For design, the document discusses using intelligent agents to recommend patterns and designs to satisfy quality attributes from requirements and assist with assigning responsibilities to components.
How effective are the interventions related to physical activities and nutrit...IOSR Journals
This document reviews 20 intervention studies that focused on physical activity and nutrition through school-based health promotion programs. The interventions ranged from 4 weeks to 3 years, targeted various grade levels, and involved teachers, parents, and other personnel. Most used randomized controlled trial designs. The interventions had diverse components related to physical activity, nutrition education, and changing behaviors. Results were mixed, with some interventions successfully increasing physical activity, nutrition knowledge, and healthy behaviors while others found no significant effects. Limitations included inadequate facilities, lack of long-term follow up, and recommendations focused on more intensive, multi-component interventions.
This document describes an online signature verification system that uses vector quantization and hidden Markov models. Signatures are collected using a graphics tablet and preprocessed to reduce noise and normalize size and phase. Features like velocity, acceleration, and pressure are extracted from segments of each signature. K-means clustering is used to generate a codebook, and vector quantization maps signatures to code words. Hidden Markov models are trained on the code words using the Baum-Welch algorithm. In verification, the forward algorithm calculates the probability that a signature was generated by a claimed user's model. The system achieved an equal error rate of 14% for verification.
This document describes the development of a mini unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) by students. Key points:
1. Students developed a prototype mini UAV using sensors, a small camera, ZigBee, and a microcontroller. This could be useful for applications like disaster response, weather monitoring, and surveys.
2. The document evaluates parameters like lift, drag, centrifugal force, endurance, and altitude that were achieved with the prototype. Temperature, humidity, and CO2 readings were also obtained using sensors.
3. Potential applications of the mini UAV include aerial photography, surveying, disaster monitoring, carrying small payloads, military, and detecting forest fires. The conclusion is that
This document proposes a variation of the StriFA pattern matching technique for intrusion detection. StriFA converts input streams into shorter integer streams to accelerate matching. The variation layers StriFA in a four-step process. First, a dataset is preprocessed by mapping symbolic attributes to integers. Then it is split into four subsets, each containing normal and attack records. Feature values are extracted and stored as integer strings. These strings are used to train a layered StriFA architecture to detect 22 attack types mixed with normal data. Performance is evaluated against other algorithms, finding this variation achieves the highest accuracy with the lowest error rate.
This document describes the development of an automatic single-axis solar tracking system using a servo motor mechanism. The system includes light dependent resistors (LDRs) to sense sunlight intensity, a microcontroller to send signals to the servo motor, and a mechanical structure to support the photovoltaic panel. The controller coding and servo mechanism were first simulated using PROTEUS 7 software. Then a prototype was developed including the mechanical design, active control components like the LDRs, microcontroller and servo motor, and a power system. Testing showed the tracking system improved average efficiency by 7.67% compared to a fixed panel.
This document provides an overview of Bharti Airtel's marketing strategies in India. It discusses Airtel's market segmentation, targeting, positioning, and marketing mix. Airtel segments the market based on demographics like age and income. It targets youth, professionals, and women. Airtel positions itself as a provider of expressive services. The marketing mix discusses Airtel's mobile, broadband, and enterprise services and its pricing, placement, and promotion strategies. A SWOT analysis identifies Airtel's strengths in market leadership, pan-India presence, and opportunities in rural markets, while threats include competition.
This report analyzes Bharti Airtel, the largest telecommunications provider in India. It discusses Airtel's history, growth, and dominance of the Indian market. A PEST analysis identifies key political, economic, social and technological factors influencing Airtel, such as government regulations, economic growth enabling more customers, social branding campaigns, and technological innovations. The document also examines suppliers, buyers, substitutes and new entrants in the competitive telecom industry environment in India.
Indian Telecom Sector – Witnessing a RevolutionIOSR Journals
The document summarizes the growth and revolution of the Indian telecom sector over the past few decades. It notes that the contribution of services to India's GDP has grown from 45% in 2000 to 55% in 2010. The telecom industry in particular has witnessed explosive growth, with mobile subscribers increasing from just 1 million in the early 1990s to over 500 million by 2009. Key factors driving this growth include reforms allowing private operators to enter the market in the early 1990s, lowering of mobile call rates, and the rollout of improved technologies like 3G. The rapid expansion of telecom infrastructure and services has brought about a tremendous revolution in Indian society by connecting more people across economic classes.
The growth of telecom sector of India in last decade attracts foreign investor to invest their money in this sector. Privatisation, liberalization and globalisation have increased foreign investment in India. With the entry of foreign investors, competition within the industry sharply increases, contributing to substantially lower telephoney tariff in the country, which dramatically attracts massive subscribers in the country. India’s telecom sector over the last decade due to which many corporations have entered; the labour market has increased significantly. Telecom sector in providing employment in India keeps its leading position. The telecom sectors is not only an increase in employment but also have made a significant contribution to the development of human resources. Foreign direct investment in telecom received not only capital but also has advance technology which facilitate many sector such as trade, manufacturing, entertainment, defence etc. To conclude, foreign investment in telecommunication has much greater impacts on the Indian economy.
This document summarizes a research study that analyzed the impact of perceived service quality on customer loyalty in the IT sector in India. The study used a SERVQUAL scale to measure customer perceptions of service quality across five dimensions: tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. Data was collected through questionnaires distributed at 15 IT service provider outlets. The results found that customer expectations for service quality are very high. Empathy was identified as the strongest predictor of customer loyalty. The findings suggest that IT companies should focus on improving service quality attributes to enhance business performance and customer trust and loyalty.
Indian Telecom Industry & role of HR in it, With emphasis on Airtelmini244
The document summarizes the growth of the Indian telecommunication industry. It discusses key metrics like India surpassing the US to become the second largest wireless network, achieving the world's lowest call rates and fastest growth in subscribers. It also outlines government initiatives to support growth, trends in rural connectivity, key players in mobile services, and investments being made to continue expansion. The telecom industry is expected to see further investments to support reaching 500 million subscribers by 2010.
A study on retailers’ perspective about market performance of airtel in selec...Bella Meraki
This project aims to find the market performance of Airtel in selected regions of Trivandrum city. Airtel has been the number one player in the market for the past few years, however to maintain the market leadership Airtel needs to continuously modify its strategy and tactics. In this project factors that make Airtel both customer friendly and retailer friendly are analyzed. The other facts analyzed include: - how far the retailers are benefitting from Airtel, why Airtel is the most preferred brand for customers, what are the tactics used by Airtel to retain market leadership etc.
1) Bharti Airtel is India's largest telecommunications company and has been leveraging the Gallup employee engagement framework for the last five years to drive its business forward.
2) The telecommunications industry has grown rapidly over the last decade through innovations in broadband, wireless technologies, and industry consolidation. It now accounts for 3% of global GDP.
3) The Indian telecommunications market is the second largest in the world and growing at 45% annually, fueled by reforms, privatization, and the establishment of an independent regulator. It has over 225 million subscribers though teledensity remains low at 19%.
This document provides an overview of a project report submitted by Neelam Meena for her MBA program. The report examines Vodafone's corporate plans tailored for members of the Jewellery Association (JAS) in India. It acknowledges the guidance of her project guide. The preface states that the project aims to provide practical insights into working in an organization. The executive summary indicates that companies work hard to survive in competitive markets by controlling market share, and risks should be minimized when opening new businesses.
This document is a project report submitted for a Master's degree in business administration. It discusses planning and implementing sales analysis and distribution channels for Reliance Communications in Nagpur, India. The report includes an introduction, literature review on the Indian telecommunications sector, profile of Reliance Communications, and initial chapters outlining the industry and company.
It industry tcs group 7_ssm assignmentAdvait Bhobe
The document discusses the Indian IT industry and Tata Consultancy Services (TCS). It provides an overview of the growth of the Indian IT industry, trends in the industry such as increasing internet usage and employment. It also discusses the various components of the IT industry in India. Finally, it gives details about TCS, the largest IT company in India, including its history, services provided, and size.
Summer Internship Project on Vodafone South Ltd.Manik Mukherjee
This document provides an overview of the Indian telecommunications industry and the company Vodafone. It discusses that India has the second largest telecommunications network in the world. Vodafone is one of the leading mobile network operators in India, with over 173 million subscribers. The document outlines Vodafone's history in India, products and services, segmentation, targeting, and positioning strategies. It also discusses the size and growth of the Indian telecom market as well as government initiatives to support the industry.
barriers and use case study of mobile internet for the age group above 40-- A...Shwetanshu Gupta
Bharti Airtel is India's largest telecommunications company with over 287 million customers across 20 countries in Asia and Africa. The document discusses Airtel's operations, services, and competitors in the Indian telecom market. It provides an overview of Airtel's history, leadership, financials, and subsidiaries. The key points are that Airtel is a leading global telecom provider, it offers various mobile and fixed line services in India, and it has the largest market share of wireless subscribers in India.
The document discusses the impact of competition from Reliance Jio on Airtel's profits in India. It describes Airtel's strategies to improve customer retention through bundling services, upgradation offers, and premiumization. While Airtel's earnings before interest and taxes turned positive in the last quarter, its ability to gain market share against Jio with higher tariffs will determine long-term profitability in India's telecom sector.
1. The document discusses the telecommunications industry in India, providing background on its history and development over time. It notes that the industry has experienced significant growth and is poised for further expansion.
2. Key factors discussed include increasing smartphone and internet penetration, especially in rural areas; the need for industry consolidation; a focus on new revenue streams from data, video and digital services; and the important role of regulatory support and emerging technologies.
3. Going forward, the telecom industry is focused on improving rural connectivity, deploying new technologies like 4G, exploring business models like mobile money, and enhancing customer experience through analytics and service quality.
Marketing strategy of telecom sector in india(project)ankan sengupta
The document provides an overview of the telecom sector in India and marketing strategies of major telecom companies. It discusses the rapid growth of the telecom sector in India due to government policies and entrepreneurship. It then summarizes the key services and marketing strategies of major players like Bharti Airtel, Reliance Communications, Vodafone, and BSNL to gain customers and market share. The objectives and methodology of the study are also outlined which involves primary research through surveys to analyze customer preferences and challenges faced by telecom companies.
The document summarizes the evolution and growth of the IT sector in India over the past few decades. It discusses how the IT industry emerged in the 1970s and grew significantly in the last 20 years, with 20 times increase in export revenues. The key drivers of growth have been the software services and BPO industries. Government policy changes in the 1980s helped liberalize the sector and led to the development of a world-class IT industry in India. Major IT hubs like Bangalore, Hyderabad, and Pune have emerged. The industry now employs over 2 million people and plays a major role in the Indian economy.
Detailed Analysis of service sector and its composition in India by MehrreenMehr Reen
This document provides a detailed analysis of India's service sector and its composition. It discusses that the service sector now accounts for more than half of India's GDP, marking a significant evolution of the Indian economy. The key services include trade, hotels, banking, insurance, real estate, transport, and business services. The service sector has seen rapid growth since the 1990s due to economic reforms and liberalization. While the sector has grown, it has not created employment proportionately. The document also outlines the various sub-sectors within services, trends in growth and investments, government initiatives, and the role of services in economic development.
This document provides a technical review of secure banking using RSA and AES encryption methodologies. It discusses how RSA and AES are commonly used encryption standards for secure data transmission between ATMs and bank servers. The document first provides background on ATM security measures and risks of attacks. It then reviews related work analyzing encryption techniques. The document proposes using a one-time password in addition to a PIN for ATM authentication. It concludes that implementing encryption standards like RSA and AES can make transactions more secure and build trust in online banking.
This document analyzes the performance of various modulation schemes for achieving energy efficient communication over fading channels in wireless sensor networks. It finds that for long transmission distances, low-order modulations like BPSK are optimal due to their lower SNR requirements. However, as transmission distance decreases, higher-order modulations like 16-QAM and 64-QAM become more optimal since they can transmit more bits per symbol, outweighing their higher SNR needs. Simulations show lifetime extensions up to 550% are possible in short-range networks by using higher-order modulations instead of just BPSK. The optimal modulation depends on transmission distance and balancing the energy used by electronic components versus power amplifiers.
This document provides a review of mobility management techniques in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). It discusses three modes of communication in VANETs: vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), and hybrid vehicle (HV) communication. For each communication mode, different mobility management schemes are required due to their unique characteristics. The document also discusses mobility management challenges in VANETs and outlines some open research issues in improving mobility management for seamless communication in these dynamic networks.
This document provides a review of different techniques for segmenting brain MRI images to detect tumors. It compares the K-means and Fuzzy C-means clustering algorithms. K-means is an exclusive clustering algorithm that groups data points into distinct clusters, while Fuzzy C-means is an overlapping clustering algorithm that allows data points to belong to multiple clusters. The document finds that Fuzzy C-means requires more time for brain tumor detection compared to other methods like hierarchical clustering or K-means. It also reviews related work applying these clustering algorithms to segment brain MRI images.
1) The document simulates and compares the performance of AODV and DSDV routing protocols in a mobile ad hoc network under three conditions: when users are fixed, when users move towards the base station, and when users move away from the base station.
2) The results show that both protocols have higher packet delivery and lower packet loss when users are either fixed or moving towards the base station, since signal strength is better in those scenarios. Performance degrades when users move away from the base station due to weaker signals.
3) AODV generally has better performance than DSDV, with higher throughput and packet delivery rates observed across the different user mobility conditions.
This document describes the design and implementation of 4-bit QPSK and 256-bit QAM modulation techniques using MATLAB. It compares the two techniques based on SNR, BER, and efficiency. The key steps of implementing each technique in MATLAB are outlined, including generating random bits, modulation, adding noise, and measuring BER. Simulation results show scatter plots and eye diagrams of the modulated signals. A table compares the results, showing that 256-bit QAM provides better performance than 4-bit QPSK. The document concludes that QAM modulation is more effective for digital transmission systems.
The document proposes a hybrid technique using Anisotropic Scale Invariant Feature Transform (A-SIFT) and Robust Ensemble Support Vector Machine (RESVM) to accurately identify faces in images. A-SIFT improves upon traditional SIFT by applying anisotropic scaling to extract richer directional keypoints. Keypoints are processed with RESVM and hypothesis testing to increase accuracy above 95% by repeatedly reprocessing images until the threshold is met. The technique was tested on similar and different facial images and achieved better results than SIFT in retrieval time and reduced keypoints.
This document studies the effects of dielectric superstrate thickness on microstrip patch antenna parameters. Three types of probes-fed patch antennas (rectangular, circular, and square) were designed to operate at 2.4 GHz using Arlondiclad 880 substrate. The antennas were tested with and without an Arlondiclad 880 superstrate of varying thicknesses. It was found that adding a superstrate slightly degraded performance by lowering the resonant frequency and increasing return loss and VSWR, while decreasing bandwidth and gain. Specifically, increasing the superstrate thickness or dielectric constant resulted in greater changes to the antenna parameters.
This document describes a wireless environment monitoring system that utilizes soil energy as a sustainable power source for wireless sensors. The system uses a microbial fuel cell to generate electricity from the microbial activity in soil. Two microbial fuel cells were created using different soil types and various additives to produce different current and voltage outputs. An electronic circuit was designed on a printed circuit board with components like a microcontroller and ZigBee transceiver. Sensors for temperature and humidity were connected to the circuit to monitor the environment wirelessly. The system provides a low-cost way to power remote sensors without needing battery replacement and avoids the high costs of wiring a power source.
1) The document proposes a model for a frequency tunable inverted-F antenna that uses ferrite material.
2) The resonant frequency of the antenna can be significantly shifted from 2.41GHz to 3.15GHz, a 31% shift, by increasing the static magnetic field placed on the ferrite material.
3) Altering the permeability of the ferrite allows tuning of the antenna's resonant frequency without changing the physical dimensions, providing flexibility to operate over a wide frequency range.
This document summarizes a research paper that presents a speech enhancement method using stationary wavelet transform. The method first classifies speech into voiced, unvoiced, and silence regions based on short-time energy. It then applies different thresholding techniques to the wavelet coefficients of each region - modified hard thresholding for voiced speech, semi-soft thresholding for unvoiced speech, and setting coefficients to zero for silence. Experimental results using speech from the TIMIT database corrupted with white Gaussian noise at various SNR levels show improved performance over other popular denoising methods.
This document reviews the design of an energy-optimized wireless sensor node that encrypts data for transmission. It discusses how sensing schemes that group nodes into clusters and transmit aggregated data can reduce energy consumption compared to individual node transmissions. The proposed node design calculates the minimum transmission power needed based on received signal strength and uses a periodic sleep/wake cycle to optimize energy when not sensing or transmitting. It aims to encrypt data at both the node and network level to further optimize energy usage for wireless communication.
This document discusses group consumption modes. It analyzes factors that impact group consumption, including external environmental factors like technological developments enabling new forms of online and offline interactions, as well as internal motivational factors at both the group and individual level. The document then proposes that group consumption modes can be divided into four types based on two dimensions: vertical (group relationship intensity) and horizontal (consumption action period). These four types are instrument-oriented, information-oriented, enjoyment-oriented, and relationship-oriented consumption modes. Finally, the document notes that consumption modes are dynamic and can evolve over time.
The document summarizes a study of different microstrip patch antenna configurations with slotted ground planes. Three antenna designs were proposed and their performance evaluated through simulation: a conventional square patch, an elliptical patch, and a star-shaped patch. All antennas were mounted on an FR4 substrate. The effects of adding different slot patterns to the ground plane on resonance frequency, bandwidth, gain and efficiency were analyzed parametrically. Key findings were that reshaping the patch and adding slots increased bandwidth and shifted resonance frequency. The elliptical and star patches in particular performed better than the conventional design. Three antenna configurations were selected for fabrication and measurement based on the simulations: a conventional patch with a slot under the patch, an elliptical patch with slots
1) The document describes a study conducted to improve call drop rates in a GSM network through RF optimization.
2) Drive testing was performed before and after optimization using TEMS software to record network parameters like RxLevel, RxQuality, and events.
3) Analysis found call drops were occurring due to issues like handover failures between sectors, interference from adjacent channels, and overshooting due to antenna tilt.
4) Corrective actions taken included defining neighbors between sectors, adjusting frequencies to reduce interference, and lowering the mechanical tilt of an antenna.
5) Post-optimization drive testing showed improvements in RxLevel, RxQuality, and a reduction in dropped calls.
This document describes the design of an intelligent autonomous wheeled robot that uses RF transmission for communication. The robot has two modes - automatic mode where it can make its own decisions, and user control mode where a user can control it remotely. It is designed using a microcontroller and can perform tasks like object recognition using computer vision and color detection in MATLAB, as well as wall painting using pneumatic systems. The robot's movement is controlled by DC motors and it uses sensors like ultrasonic sensors and gas sensors to navigate autonomously. RF transmission allows communication between the robot and a remote control unit. The overall aim is to develop a low-cost robotic system for industrial applications like material handling.
This document reviews cryptography techniques to secure the Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol in mobile ad-hoc networks. It discusses various types of attacks on AODV like impersonation, denial of service, eavesdropping, black hole attacks, wormhole attacks, and Sybil attacks. It then proposes using the RC6 cryptography algorithm to secure AODV by encrypting data packets and detecting and removing malicious nodes launching black hole attacks. Simulation results show that after applying RC6, the packet delivery ratio and throughput of AODV increase while delay decreases, improving the security and performance of the network under attack.
The document describes a proposed modification to the conventional Booth multiplier that aims to increase its speed by applying concepts from Vedic mathematics. Specifically, it utilizes the Urdhva Tiryakbhyam formula to generate all partial products concurrently rather than sequentially. The proposed 8x8 bit multiplier was coded in VHDL, simulated, and found to have a path delay 44.35% lower than a conventional Booth multiplier, demonstrating its potential for higher speed.
This document discusses image deblurring techniques. It begins by introducing image restoration and focusing on image deblurring. It then discusses challenges with image deblurring being an ill-posed problem. It reviews existing approaches to screen image deconvolution including estimating point spread functions and iteratively estimating blur kernels and sharp images. The document also discusses handling spatially variant blur and summarizes the relationship between the proposed method and previous work for different blur types. It proposes using color filters in the aperture to exploit parallax cues for segmentation and blur estimation. Finally, it proposes moving the image sensor circularly during exposure to prevent high frequency attenuation from motion blur.
This document describes modeling an adaptive controller for an aircraft roll control system using PID, fuzzy-PID, and genetic algorithm. It begins by introducing the aircraft roll control system and motivation for developing an adaptive controller to minimize errors from noisy analog sensor signals. It then provides the mathematical model of aircraft roll dynamics and describes modeling the real-time flight control system in MATLAB/Simulink. The document evaluates PID, fuzzy-PID, and PID-GA (genetic algorithm) controllers for aircraft roll control and finds that the PID-GA controller delivers the best performance.
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy SurveyTrustArc
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
- The top 10 privacy insights from the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey
- The top challenges for privacy leaders, practitioners, and organizations in 2024
- Key themes to consider in developing and maintaining your privacy program
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 daysAdtran
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024Neo4j
Neha Bajwa, Vice President of Product Marketing, Neo4j
Join us as we explore breakthrough innovations enabled by interconnected data and AI. Discover firsthand how organizations use relationships in data to uncover contextual insights and solve our most pressing challenges – from optimizing supply chains, detecting fraud, and improving customer experiences to accelerating drug discoveries.
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalizationZilliz
Mike Del Balso, CEO & Co-Founder at Tecton, presents "Full RAG," a novel approach to AI recommendation systems, aiming to push beyond the limitations of traditional models through a deep integration of contextual insights and real-time data, leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation architecture. This talk will outline Full RAG's potential to significantly enhance personalization, address engineering challenges such as data management and model training, and introduce data enrichment with reranking as a key solution. Attendees will gain crucial insights into the importance of hyperpersonalization in AI, the capabilities of Full RAG for advanced personalization, and strategies for managing complex data integrations for deploying cutting-edge AI solutions.
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1DianaGray10
This session provides introduction to UiPath Communication Mining, importance and platform overview. You will acquire a good understand of the phases in Communication Mining as we go over the platform with you. Topics covered:
• Communication Mining Overview
• Why is it important?
• How can it help today’s business and the benefits
• Phases in Communication Mining
• Demo on Platform overview
• Q/A
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?Speck&Tech
ABSTRACT: A prima vista, un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ potrebbero avere in comune il fatto di essere entrambi blocchi di costruzione, o dipendenze di progetti creativi e software. La realtà è che un mattoncino Lego e il caso della backdoor XZ hanno molto di più di tutto ciò in comune.
Partecipate alla presentazione per immergervi in una storia di interoperabilità, standard e formati aperti, per poi discutere del ruolo importante che i contributori hanno in una comunità open source sostenibile.
BIO: Sostenitrice del software libero e dei formati standard e aperti. È stata un membro attivo dei progetti Fedora e openSUSE e ha co-fondato l'Associazione LibreItalia dove è stata coinvolta in diversi eventi, migrazioni e formazione relativi a LibreOffice. In precedenza ha lavorato a migrazioni e corsi di formazione su LibreOffice per diverse amministrazioni pubbliche e privati. Da gennaio 2020 lavora in SUSE come Software Release Engineer per Uyuni e SUSE Manager e quando non segue la sua passione per i computer e per Geeko coltiva la sua curiosità per l'astronomia (da cui deriva il suo nickname deneb_alpha).
Cosa hanno in comune un mattoncino Lego e la backdoor XZ?
J010346268
1. IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (IOSR-JECE)
e-ISSN: 2278-2834,p- ISSN: 2278-8735.Volume 10, Issue 3, Ver. IV (May - Jun.2015), PP 62-68
www.iosrjournals.org
DOI: 10.9790/2834-10346268 www.iosrjournals.org 62 | Page
Comparative Study of Major Telecom Providers in India
Ashutosh Mishra, Mratyunjay Singh, Dr. Arvind Mittal, Prof.ArchanaSoni
M. Tech., Energy Centre, M.A.N.I.T. BhopalAssociate professor, Energy Centre, M.A.N.I.T. Bhopal
Abstract:Every company has its prime aim to Growth. With the changing times increase in competition has
become their core competencies and has a competitive edge over others. Business matrices like Net sales, Profit
(%) after tax,Total Income (Capitalization), Total Expenditures and level of satisfaction of the customers are
important indicators representing the stand of companies in the market. A comparative analysis of the major
telecom providers like Bharti AirtelLimited, Tata Communications Limited, Idea Cellular Limited, Reliance
Communications Limited,Vodafone India Limited and Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL)and in India has
been presented in this paper on the basis of secondary data which includes last five year Profit (%) after tax,
Total Income and Total Expenditures. This data has been collected to measure the level of satisfaction (LOS) of
the Indian telecommunication customers. This LOS was evaluated for various factors like network coverage;
customer service,tariffrates, plan and accountability of bill. An empirical study has been done and conclusions
have been brought out on the basis of the data collected though an online field surveyto achieve this objective.
An online questionnaire was prepared and was distributed to mobile phone users viasocial networking
sitesandemail for this purpose. The collected data was analysed with the help of prowess software. A sensitivity
analysis was done to verify the significance of the factors considered for determining the LOS. In this paper, it
was concluded that Bharti Airtel is the overall leader in all business matrices mentioned above.
1. Introduction
The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Industry in India has perceived a tremendous
growth in the past 1.5 decade. With the boom in technology, the ICT Industry has experienced exciting
possibilities, ranging from a speedy expansion in size to gaining importance in the overall Indian economy. The
escalated effect of the ICT industry has led to the formation of a larger and more significant constituent of the
overall export market. It is aiding the improvement of the local and global competitiveness of Indian companies
across industries. The fact that the Indian ICT market is one of the mostrapidly growing ICT market in the world
for the third yearstands as a secured testament to the increased leverage ofICT by the domestic industry [2].
Talking about theTelecommunications sector, which is a sub domain of the ICT industry, the sector is growing
at a remarkable paceand India is the second largest telecom market globally since 2010. In April 2008,
Indiasurpassed the US as the second largest wireless market and as an indicator to the swelling global influence
ofIndian telecom companies. Seven Indians have featured inthe list of the world's 100 most prominent and
influentialtelecom leaders, compiled by Global Telecoms Business industry magazine [1]. Forthcoming services
such as4G will further augment the growth rate. Theworld's leading telecom handsets manufacturers, such
asNokia, Samsung, Micromax have their presence inIndia, along with leading global service companies
andinfrastructure majors, such as AT&T, Ericsson, Alcatel, Singapore Telecom and Siemens.India reached the
target of having 300 million telephonesubscribers; becoming the second largesttelecommunications network in
the world after China in June 2008. As per the report [3] India is having 800 million mobile subscribers and it
expected to reach 900 million by 2015. India is emerging as one of the fastest growing telecom markets in the
world. According to the report titled 'Mobile BRIC: Extreme Growth Ahead', BRIC (Brazil, Russia India and
China) India is the secondlargest mobile market in the BRIC nations, with 650 million mobile users, since 2012
(after China with 800million users). Indian telecom industry has had a long way and is expected to soar even
higher and the growth rate is expected to double with every passing year. To make full use of this opportunity, a
large number of players has entered into the telecom industry, the major being Airtel,Vodafone, Idea, BSNL,
Tata, Reliance.In today’s era, with the increase in telecom serviceproviders, it has become essential for the
variouscompanies to excel and have a competitive edge over the others. The firms must innovate and come up
with groundbreaking and novel services so as to stand out in the globalmarket. It would be quite interesting to
know about the performance of the various telecom service providers and to do a comparative analysis of them.
This can disclose a number of facts about their stand in the market and also what image do they carry among
their customers. A range of business matrices like year Total Expenses, net sales, Profit (%) after tax and
capitalization reflect the health and wealth of thecompanies and also affect the subscriber base. At the same time
it is essential to satisfy their customers in order to expand their subscriber base. Customer satisfaction is
significant to be cashed upon for an accentuated growth. The companies can be compared on the basis of a
number of parameters. The most significant ones can be, total net sales profit after tax reduction, market
capitalization and level of satisfaction of the customers. Firstly, net sales is an important index of measuring a
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company’s growth as it is the amount of sales generated by a company after the deduction of returns, allowances
for damaged or missing goods and any discounts allowed. The sales number reported on a company's financial
statements is a net sales number, reflecting these deductions. It gives a more accurate picture of the actual sales
generated by the company, or the money that it expects to receive. Secondly, profit after tax reduction, is the
bottom line that reflects the position of the company as it is the net profits of a company after taxation. Thirdly,
market capitalization, which is a measurement of corporate or economic size equal to the share price times the
number of shares outstanding of a public company, is regarded as a valuable index to appraise a firm. And
finally, level of satisfaction is the key indicator of the popularity of the service among the customers. Higher the
level of satisfaction of the customers, greater will be the net sales,profit after tax and market capitalization.
Thus, net sales, profit after tax, market capitalization and level of satisfaction have been included in our factors
to measure the performance of the telecom service providers in India. As a matter of fact, not much literature is
available concerning our present study. Thus, we have come up with a novel research which compares the
telecom companies’ onthe basis of the important business matrices as discussed above.
In this paper, a comparative analysis of the leading telecom service providers has been presented.
Companieslike Bharti Airtel, Vodafone Communication, Idea Cellular, RelianceCommunications and Tata
Communication in India have been chosenfor the analysis on the basis of secondary data whichincludes last five
year values of net sales, profit after taxreduction, and market capitalization. The Level ofSatisfaction (LOS) of
the Indian telecommunications’customers has also been compared. The LOS has beendetermined on the basis of
various factors like networkcoverage; tariff rates, plan, bill accountability, paymentconvenience, customer
service etc. To achieve thisobjective, an empirical study has been done andconclusions have been brought out
on the basis of the datacollected though an online field survey. Section IIdiscusses the notable features of the
leading telecomservice providers in the Bhopal region ofIndia. It is then followed by Section III which
illustratesthe research methodology adopted for the present study.Section IV explains the data analysis and
findings. Thelast section presents conclusions, limitations andrecommendations.
2. Telecom Service Providers in India
The major telecom service providers in India are as follows:-
2.1BSNL
Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (abbreviated BSNL) is an Indian state-owned Telecommunications
company headquartered in New Delhi, India. It was incorporated on 15 September 2000 and took over the
business of providing of telecom services and network management from the erstwhile Central Government
Departments of Telecom Services (DTS) and Telecom Operations (DTO), with effect from 1 October 2000 on a
going concern basis. It is the largest provider of fixed telephony, largest broadband services provider with more
than 60% Market share, and fifth largest mobile telephony provider in India. However, in recent years the
company's revenues and market share have plummeted into heavy losses due to intense competition in the
Indian telecommunications sector. BSNL is India's oldest and largest communication service provider (CSP). It
had a customer base of 117 million as of January 2014.
2.2Bharti Airtel
Bharti Airtel, formerly known as Bharti Tele-VenturesLimited (BTVL) is India's largest cellular
service providerwith more than 75 million subscribers as of August 2008[5]. It also offers fixed line services
and broadbandservices. It offers its TELECOM services under the Airtelbrand and is headed by Sunil Mittal.
The company alsoprovides telephone services and Internet access over DSLin 14 circles. The company
complements its mobile,broadband & telephone services with national andinternational long distance services.
The company also hasa submarine cable landing station at Chennai, whichconnects the submarine cable
connecting Chennai andSingapore. The company provides end-to-end data andenterprise services to the
corporate customers through itsnationwide fibre optic backbone, last mile connectivity infixed-line and mobile
circles, VSATs, ISP andinternational bandwidth access through the gateways andlanding station.
2.3 Vodafone Communication
Vodafone Communication, previously Hutchison Essar is a cellularoperator in India that covers 21
telecom circles in India.Despite the official name being Vodafone Communication, itsproducts are simply
branded Vodafone. It offers bothprepaid and postpaid GSM cellular phone coveragethroughout India and is
especially strong in the majormetros.Vodafone Communication provides 2G services based on 900 MHzand
1800 MHz digital GSM technology, offering voiceand data services in 21 of the country's 23 license areas [6].
2.4 Idea Cellular
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Idea Cellular is a wireless telephony company operating invarious states in India. It initially started in
1995 as a joint venture between the Tatas, Aditya Birla Group and AT&Tby merging "'Wings Cellular'"
operating in MadhyaPradesh, UP West, Rajasthan and Tata Cellular as well asBirla AT&T
Communications.Initially having a very limited footprint in the GSM arena,the acquisition of Escotel in 2004
gave Idea a truly pan-India presence covering Maharashtra, Goa, Gujarat,Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh,
Chhattisgarh, UttarPradesh (East and West), Haryana, Kerala, Rajasthan andDelhi (inclusive of NCR) [7].The
company has its retail outlets under the "Idea n' U"banner. The company has also been the first to offerflexible
tariff plans for prepaid customers. It also offersGPRS services in urban areas.
2.5 Reliance Communications
Reliance Communications (formerly Reliance Infocomm),along with Reliance Telecom and Flag
Telecom, is part ofReliance Communications Ventures (RCoVL). Accordingto National Stock Exchange data,
Anil Ambani controls Telecommunications Company. It is the flagship company of the Reliance-Anil
DhirubhaiAmbani Group, comprising of power (Reliance Energy), financial services (Reliance Capital) and
telecom initiatives of the Reliance ADA Group. Reliance Infocomm is currently managed by Anil
DhirubhaiAmbani. It uses CDMA2000 1x technology. RelCom is also into Wireline Business throughout India
and has the largest OFC backbone architecture [roughly 110,000 km] in the country. The company also has
licenses in the GSM telecom services space for most of the Telecom Circles (zones in layman's words). It
currently operates in 8 circles and plans to launch in the others soon.
2.6 Tata Communication
Tata Teleservices Limited (TTSL) is a part of the Tata Group of companies, an Indian conglomerate. It
runs under the brand name Tata Communication in India, in various telecom circles of India. The company
forms part of the Tata Group's presence in the Telecommunication Industry in India, along with Tata
Teleservices (Maharashtra) Limited (TTML) and TATA COMMUNICATIONS LTD. It was founded in the
year 2000 and its chairman is Mr. Ratan Tata. In February this year, TTSL announced that it would provide
CDMA mobile services targeted towards the youth, in a joint venture with Virgin, UK, on a Franchisee model
basis [9].
3. Research Methodology
In this paper, a study to compare the major telecom service providers in India is presented. Telecom
Service Providers such as Bharti Airtel, Idea Cellular, Reliance Communications, Tata Indicom and BSNL are
compared. For this purpose secondary data was collected pertaining to last five year values of three important
business matrices which are Market Capitalization, Net Sales and Profit after Tax Reduction. This data was
collected from Capitaline Database [10] which is an online corporate database consisting of financial and
nonfinancial information on more than 12000 companies. After collection of secondary data, graphs were
plotted for each of the business matrices which present the comparison of the performance of the telecom
service providers for the last five years for that particular business matrix. In the present study, the comparison
of the telecom service providers is also presented in terms level of satisfaction of their customers. This was done
for factors such as Tariff Rates, Plan, Accountability of Bill, Bill PaymentConvenience / Recharge Facility,
Value Added Services, Customer Services, and Schemes. In order to determine the level of satisfaction of Indian
telecommunication customers, an online field survey was conducted. For this purpose, an online questionnaire
was prepared on the website qualtricsand was sent to a number of people in Bhopal Region via e-mail and
various social networking sites. Hence primary data was collected to get real time results. A total of 596
respondents filled the questionnaire out of which 480 were completely filled. The questionnaire comprised of
questions regarding the demographics of the respondents, the name of the service provider whose service they
are availing and their monthly expenditure. The respondents were also asked to express their level of satisfaction
forthe various factors on a scale of 1 to 5, 5 being the most satisfied and 1 being the least satisfied.
The factors used for determining the level of satisfaction of Indian telecommunication customers may
or may not be significant in determining it. Hence, in order to find out which of these factors are significant and
to justify that the factors used truly help in determining the level of satisfaction, a sensitivity analysis was done
with the help of SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) software version 12.0 for windows. A
statistical hypothesis test namely Chi Square test was applied on the responses received to the question
enquiring the level of satisfaction of the customers. Chi Square Test gives thevalue of a probability called Chi
Square Probability, say P.If the value of P is less than 0.05 then the factor on whichit is applied is said to be
Sensitive Factor otherwiseNonsensitive Factor. The findings obtained by analysing the data are shown in the
following section.
4. Data Analysis and Findings
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DOI: 10.9790/2834-10346268 www.iosrjournals.org 65 | Page
4.1. Comparison on the basis of Secondary Data: Business Matrices
After a meticulous collection of secondary data of the telecom service providers such as Bharti Airtel,
Idea Cellular, Reliance Communications, Tata Indicom and BSNL for the three important business matrices
which are Net Sales, Profit after Tax Reduction, Total Income, Total Expenditure and individual graphs for each
business matrix were plotted for the values of last five years so as to compare the performance of the telecom
service providers in India.
Figure 1
Figure 1 shows the graph between Net Sales (in crore rupees) of the various telecom service providers
for the past four years. It can be clearly seen that the net sales of Airtel for the years March 2010to 2014 are Rs.
367181 crores, Rs. 384795 crores, Rs. 422278 crores, Rs. 468310 crores andRs. 509055crores respectively. No
other telecom service provider has ever managed to surpass Airtel’s sales. Hence Airtel leads in terms of Net
Sales. Figure 2 below depicts the graph between profits after tax reduction (in crore rupees) of the various
telecom service providers for the past five years. From Figure 2 it can be undoubtedly said that the profits after
tax reduction ofAirtel from the year 2010 to 2014 have increasedtremendously. The values of profits after tax
reduction are Rs. 94267 crores, Rs. 77169 crores, Rs. 57300 crores,Rs. 50970 crores and Rs. 66002 crores from
the period of March2010 to 2014. Here also, no other telecom service provider has ever managed to surpass
Airtel’s profits. Hence Airtel leads in terms of profits after tax reduction too.
Figure 2
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The following figure, figure 3 shows the graph between Total incomes (in crore rupees) of the various
telecom service providers for the past five years. In this figure also, the tall rising towers of Airtel prove that
itstotal incomeis highest amongst the rest. The values of per annum total income from March 2010 to 2014 are
Rs. 368381 crores, Rs. 385065crores, Rs. 422475 crores,Rs. 468503 crores and Rs. 509103 crores.
Figure 3
It can be clearly seen from the graph that no other telecom service provider has been able to give even
a slight completion to that of Airtel as their Market Capitalization values are very low as compared to Airtel. For
example, the telecom service provider with second highest total income is Idea with a value of Rs.247268.5
crores which is only 48.56% that of Airtel. Hence Airtel leads in terms of total income too.
Figure 4
₹ 0.00
₹ 100,000.00
₹ 200,000.00
₹ 300,000.00
₹ 400,000.00
₹ 500,000.00
₹ 600,000.00
Total Income
Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd.
Reliance Communications Ltd.
Idea Cellular Ltd.
Tata Communications Ltd.
Bharti Airtel Ltd.
Vodafone India Ltd.
Vodafone India Ltd.
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Taking all the four graphs shown above into account, it is very distinguishably visible that Airtel is the
overall leader in every sense. Hence all the other service providers face a tough competition with Airtel and will
have to work very hard to surpass it.
4.2 Comparison on the basis of Primary Data: Level of Satisfaction
After the meticulous comparison of the telecom service providers based on the secondary data
collected, the comparison of the companies on the basis of primary data collected has been presented in this
section. As mentioned in the research methodology section, the Indian telecommunications’ customers were
asked to express their Level of Satisfaction for various factors like Network, Tariff Rates, Plan, Accountability
of Bill, Bill Payment Convenience / Recharge Facility, Value Added Services, Customer Services and Schemes
on a scale of 1 to 5 with 5 being the most satisfied and 1 being the least satisfied. The data collected has been
presented in tabulated form in Table I below. This table is the collection of responses of the highest percentage
of the surveyed population having equal Level of Satisfaction for a particular factor and a particular service
provider. For example, maximum percentage of customers of Airtel surveyed, in the case of Network (here
53%), have ranked Airtel’s Network Coverage as 5 on a scale of 5 whereas maximum percentage of customers
of BSNL (here 51%), have ranked Idea’s Network Coverage as 2 on scale of 5.
This shows that the customers of Airtel are highly satisfiedwith its Network Coverage whereas the
customers of BSNLare very unsatisfied with the Network Coverage of BSNL in the region. Similar can be
interpreted for other factors.
Table -1: Table showing the Level of Satisfaction (LOS) of Customers
Factor v/s
Connection
Vodafone Airtel Idea Reliance BSNL TATA
INDICOM
LOS %* LOS %* LOS %* LOS %* LOS %* LOS %*
Network 4 45 5 53 4 50 4 49 2 51 3 46
Tariff Rates 3 45 3 40 3 45 4 51 3 46 4 42
Plan 4 43 4 40 4 47 5 45 3 45 4 44
Accountability of Bill 4 44 4 41 4 46 4 44 5 47 4 45
Bill Payment
Convenience /
Recharge Facility
5 46 5 43 5 44 5 60 4 48 5 43
Value Added
Services
3 47 3 44 3 45 4 47 3 44 3 41
Customer Services 4 50 4 42 3 43 3 46 4 43 4 45
Schemes 3 49 3 48 3 49 3 48 3 49 3 48
*: Maximum Percentage of the customers surveyed
From the above table it was concluded that the customers are highly satisfied with the network
coverage of Airtel and least satisfied with that of Idea. However, Idea along with BSNL, lead in satisfying their
customers when tariff rates are taken into consideration. Other telecom service Providers have averagely
satisfied their customers’ tariff rates expectations. Talking about the accountability of bill and the bill payment
convenience / recharge facility factors, almost every service provider has succeeded in satisfying its customers.
On the other hand, the customers are moderately satisfied with the value added services, customer services and
schemes provided by them.
c. Sensitivity Analysis
The sensitivity analysis was performed as discussed in the research methodology section. The results of the Chi-
Square test have been presented in Table II below.
Table- 2: Sensitive Factors
Factors Chi Square Probability (p value) Significant
Network 0.000 Y
Tariff Rates 0.000 Y
Plan 0.003 Y
Accountability of Bill 0.035 Y
Bill Payment Convenience /
Recharge Facility
0.025 Y
Value Added Services 0.027 Y
Customer Services 0.091 N
Schemes 0.854 N
From table II, it can be seen that the value of Chi-Square probability for factors like Customer Services
and Schemes came out to be greater than 0.05. Hence these factors are statically non significant. Hence they do
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DOI: 10.9790/2834-10346268 www.iosrjournals.org 68 | Page
no play an important role in determining the level of satisfaction of the customers. Rest six factors which are
Network, Tariff Rates, Plan, Accountability of Bill, Bill Payment Convenience / Recharge Facility and Value
Added Services came out to be statically significant and are hence called as Sensitive Factors. This analysis
proves that the factors chosen for determining the level of satisfaction of the customers are Significant except
for customer services and schemes. Therefore, the responses collected for these two factors can be ignored.
5. Conclusions, Limitations and Recommendations
After a detailed comparison of the telecom service provider companies in India, it was found out that
Airtel outdoes its rest of the competitors in the case of all the three business matrices used which are Net Sales,
Profit after Tax Reduction and Market capitalization. Also the level of satisfaction of the customers of Airtel is
higher than that of other customers. As the analysis done in this paper is totally based on thedata collected from
the online survey, therefore the data collection could be biased as mostly young people in the age group of 15 to
35 years use the internet. Therefore responses of users more than 35 or say 40 years may not have been
recorded. To overcome this limitation, a paperback form of the questionnaire can be used and data can be
collected by personally going to users from all age groups. Secondly, the scope of the research done in this
paper is limited to the Bhopal region. So, the results achieved show the LOS and LOA of the mobile users in
Bhopal region only. This scope could be widened to cover whole of India to get a nationwide picture.
References
[1]. IBEF 2008, http://www.ibef.org/artdispview.aspx?in
[2]. Gartner 2006, http://www.gartner.com/DisplayDocument?doc_cd=138416.
[3]. Annual Report 2013-14
[4]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BSNL
[5]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bharti_Airtel
[6]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vodafone
[7]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idea_cellular
[8]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reliance_Communications
[9]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tata_Indicom
[10]. www.capitalince.com