It's Your Diet & Your Healthy Lifestyle: Prevent - Not Treat - Should Be Your Goal
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This presentation was given at the Pint of Science Festival 2014 as part of the King's College London organized events. The aim of the talk was to illustrate that personal choices earlier in life are the key drivers for developing chronic diseases later in life.
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It's Your Diet & Your Healthy Lifestyle: Prevent - Not Treat - Should Be Your Goal
- 1. It’s Your Diet… It’s Your “Healthy” Lifestyle… Prevent – Not Treat – Should Be Your Goal Dr Scott V Harding School of Medicine Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences Division Twitter: @scottvharding
- 2. Why worry about preventing diseases you might never get? If you decide to aim for prevention what should you focus on? Why don’t all recommendations for healthy eating and lifestyle work the same for everyone?
- 3. Lifestyle Related Diseases: Type 2 diabetes Cardiovascular diseases Heart attack Stroke Circulation Cancers Colon Stomach Mouth Lung Kidney Liver
- 4. What are the indicators of unhealthy lifestyle? Are you overweight? Howoverweight are you? Do you smoke? Do you drink alcoholregularly? How muchalcohol do you drink? Is your diet ‘high quality’and ‘varied’? Do you exerciseregularly?
- 5. Comparing body weights in a population Body Mass Index: Your body weight in kilograms Your height in metres BMI = Weight (kg) (Height (m))2 Calculation: BMI and Risk of Death
- 7. Survival of the fattest: Why we're wrong about obesity by Samantha Murphy. New Scientist, 2014, Issue 2967, pp44-47
- 8. Li et al. Lifestyle risk factors and residual life expectancy at age 40. BMC Medicine 2014, 12:59 Does lifestyle affect how long we live? Smoking, BMI, alcohol, PA, red meat, cereals, fruit/veg, fish and dairy
- 10. Reducing your risk of developing type 2 diabetes with lifestyle change Improving the quality of your diet = ↓ 15% Quitting smoking = ↓25% Reducing your alcohol consumption to less than 1 drink per day = ↓19% Keeping your BMI less than 25 = ↓ 70% Regular physical activity = ↓25% Reis et al. Lifestyle Factors & Risk for New-Onset Diabetes. Ann Intern Med. 2011;155:292.
- 11. Hotamisligil. Inflammation and metabolic disorders. Nature 2006, 444, 860-867 Does obesity affect how long we live?
- 12. 0 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 300,000 350,000 HospitalAdmissions(England)Primary or secondary diagnosis of obesity 1.5% are 16 years & under! Proportions roughly equal between 25-75+ years Approx. 1/3 Male versus 2/3 female Statistics on Obesity, Physical Activity and Diet: England 2014 Health and Social Care Information Centre
- 13. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Energy(Kcal/person/day) Home Eat Out Food Statistics Branch. Adjusted National Food Survey data 1974 to 2000, Expenditure and Food Survey 2001-02 to 2007 and Living Costs and Food Survey 2008 onwards (12/12/2013) Why are more people becoming obese?
- 14. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 SpendingonFoodandDrink (pence/person/week) Food and non-alcoholic drinks (Home) Alcoholic drinks (Home) Food and non-alcoholic drinks (Outside) Alcoholic drinks (Outside) Food Statistics Branch. Adjusted National Food Survey data 1974 to 2000, Expenditure and Food Survey 2001-02 to 2007 and Living Costs and Food Survey 2008 onwards (12/12/2013) Eating less, but spending more? Can this be right?
- 16. Physical Activity Recommendations for UK Physical activity guidelines for adults (19-64): Factsheet 4. Department of Health, 2011. Quiz Q. What is the recommended minimum for adults? A. 150 mins/week @ moderate or 75 mins @ intense Q. How many people surveyed thought they knewthe minimum for adults? A. About ¼ of men and women thought they knew the recommendation. But fewer than 1 in 10actually did!
- 17. The Health Survey for England – 2012. The Health and Social Care Information Centre, Dec 2013. Physical Activity Recommendations for UK Are we meeting the minimum PA levels? But we are doing some PA, right?
- 18. Physical Activity – World View Inactivity is 4th leading risk factor for death worldwide WHO Global Status Report on Noncommunicable Diseases 2010
- 20. Activity Inactivity Premature death Chronic illness Loss of work Public health spending (↑£) Diet
- 21. What are the culprits… contributing to unhealthy diets?
- 23. So what should our diets look like? Ask yourself – honestly! Is my diet balanced? Does my diet have variety? What do I need to change?
- 26. Increasing or supplementing with the healthiest foods and ingredients Unfortunately there is no easy answer! Do you need to supplement your diet? Does supplementing with extra foods or nutraceuticalsadd any benefitfor the average person? What supplements workand what ones don’t? Can taking supplements be harmful to you or increaseyour risks?
- 27. Rideout et al. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 90: 1–6 (2012) Non-responders – Plant Sterol Supplementation
- 28. Diet choices…
- 29. Body Mass Index Weight (kg) ÷ Height2 (m2)
- 30. Not getting enough physical activity and… too much inactivity are a deadly combo!
- 31. Questions?
Editor's Notes
- Revised physical activity recommendations for adults: least 150 minutes over a week of at least moderate activity bouts of at least 10 minutes duration 75 minutes of vigorous intensity activity All adults should also aim to improve muscle strength on at least two days a week and minimise sedentary activities Around a quarter of adults (27% of men and 29% of women) thought they knew the current recommendations for physical activity in 2007. Fewer than 1 in 10 adults specified a level equivalent to the minimum target for physical activity.
- Seven out of 10 men and 8 out of 10 women fell below their age appropriate activity level. One in 6 people reported having done no activities for 20 minutes or more at a moderate or vigorous level in the previous four weeks.