The document discusses IPv4 and IPv6 addressing and the transition from IPv4 to IPv6. It covers key topics such as what IPv4 and IPv6 are, the need to transition due to IPv4 address depletion, transition technologies like dual stacking and tunneling, differences between IPv4 and IPv6, and advantages of IPv6 like increased address space and better security. The goal of the transition is to fully support IPv6 and realize its benefits while maintaining backward compatibility with IPv4 during the changeover process.

1. SEMINAR
ON
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2. • Introduction of IP Addressing
• What is IPv4 ?
• Why we need transition ?
• What is IPv6 ?
• Transition technologies for backward compatibility
• Comparison between IPv4 and IPv6
• Advantages of IPv6
• Conclusion
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3. • The Internet Protocol was designed in the
1970s to connect computers that were in
separate geographic locations.
• An Internet Protocol address (IP address) is a
numerical label assigned to each device
participating in a computer network that uses
the Internet Protocol for communication.
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4. • The current version of the Internet Protocol is
IPv4.It is a connectionless protocol.
• IPv4 uses 32-bit (four-byte) addresses, which
limits the address space to 4,294,967,296 (232)
possible unique addresses.
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5. (cont…..)
Representation of IPv4 addresses
Binary notation Dotted Decimal Notation
e.g. 192.10.2.0/24
e.g.
11000000.00001010.00000010.00000000
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6. • The most visible and urgent problem with
using IPv4 on the modern Internet is the rapid
depletion of public addresses.
• IPv4 has difficulties with the explosive
increase in the number of Internet users.
• IPv4 must be configured, either manually or
through the Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol.
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8. • IPv6 is considered to be the next-generation
Internet Protocol.
• IPv6 is an improved version of the Internet
Protocol that is designed to coexist with IPv4
and eventually provide better internetworking
capabilities than IPv4.
• IPv6 can make IP devices less expensive, more
powerful, and even consume less power.
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9. (cont……)
• Address Allocation is classless.
• Standard representation is set of eight 16-bit
values separated by colons which is in
HEXADECIMAL number system.
Eg.47CD:1234:3200:0000:0000:4325:B792:0428
If there are large number of zeros, they can
be omitted with series of colons
E.g. 47CD:1234:3200::4325:B792:0428
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11. • Dual stack – support of both IPv4 and IPv6 on
network devices.
• Tunneling – encapsulation of an IPv6 packet
within an IPv4 packet for transmission over an
IPv4 network.
• Translation – address or port translation of
addresses such as via a gateway device or
translation code in the TCP/IP code of the host or
router.
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12. • This is the simplest and most desirable way for
IPv4 and IPv6 to coexist in the network.
• Dual stack is an integration method where a
node has connectivity to both an IPv4 and
IPv6 network
• Using this method a host or a router is
equipped with both IPv4 and IPv6 protocol
stacks in the operating system.
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13. IPv4
IPv6
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14. • It is a strategy used when two computers
using IPv6 wants to communicate with each
other and the packet must pass through a
region that uses IPv4.
• In this method,IPv6 packet is encapsulated
with IPv4 packet when it enters the region and
leaves its capsule when it exits the region of
IPv4.
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15. IPv6 IPv4 IPv6 IPv6
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16. • It is necessary when the majority of the
internet has moved to IPv6 but some system
still use IPv4.
• In this case ,the header format must be totally
changed through the header translation.
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17. IPv6 IPv6 IPv4 IPv6
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19. • Scalability
• Security
• Real-time applications
• Mobility
• Optimized protocol
• Plug-and-play
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20. • Transition mechanisms are vital, because the
change from IPv4 to IPv6 is not going to happen
overnight.
• The final target architecture is to make all
services function on the IPv6 platform.
• This enables the simplification of the network
architecture also from the maintenance point of
view.
• When the transition to IPv6 has been successfully
finalized , there are enough IP addresses for every
piece of equipment.
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