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IPRA AND NCIP
Tulgao Ancestral Domain, Tinglayan Kalinga Photo by Jason Umali
I. Constitutional Anchors
2
▰ “The State recognizes and
promotes the rights of indigenous
cultural communities within the
framework of national unity and
development”
▰ (1987 Constitution, Declaration of State Policies and Principles, Article II, Sec.
22)
I. Constitutional Anchors
3
• “The State, subject to the provisions of this Constitution and
national development policies and programs, shall protect the
rights of indigenous cultural communities to their ancestral
lands to ensure their economic, social, and cultural well being.
• The Congress may provide for the applicability of customary
laws governing property rights or relations in determining the
ownership and extent of ancestral domain.
▰ (1987, Constitution, National Economy and Patrimony, Article XII, Section 5)
I. Constitutional Anchors
4
▰ “ The State shall recognize, respect and protect the rights of
indigenous cultural communities to preserve and develop
their cultures, traditions, and institutions. It shall consider
these rights in the formulation of national plans and
policies.”
▰ (1987 Constitution, Education, Science and Technology, Arts, Culture and Sports, Article XIV, Section 17)
II. Republic Act 8371
Indigenous Peoples Rights Act (IPRA)
▰ The IPRA was signed into law on October 29, 1997
▰ Landmark legislation to:
- Correct Historical Injustice
- Enforce Constitutional Mandates
- Observe International Norms
▰ Salient Points
-Native Title
-4 Bundles of Rights: Ancestral Domains/Lands, Self-governance, Social justice and human rights,
Cultural integrity
-Creation of the NCIP
-Delineation and recognition of ADs/ALs
-Free and Prior Informed Consent
-Primacy of customary laws
-Quasi-judicial powers
5
Indigenous Cultural Communities /
Indigenous Peoples (ICCs/IPs)
6
A
“
• Homogenous societies
• Continuously lived as organized community bounded and
defined territory
• Occupied, possessed and utilized such territories since time
immemorial under claims of ownership
• Sharing common bonds of language, customs, traditions,
and other distinct cultural traits or who have become
• historically differentiated from the majority of the
• Filipinos
7
7
Indigenous Cultural Communities /
Indigenous Peoples (ICCs/IPs)
ICCs/IPs
There are at least 110 ethno-linguistic groups comprising the
ICCs/IPs with a population of about 14 million based on
extrapolation of Philippine population growth.
8
Ethnographic Locations of ICCs/IPs
9
CORDILLERA & REGION I
Bontoc; Balangao, Isneg, Tinggian,,
Kankanaey
Kalanguya, Karao, lbaloi, Ayangan,
lfugao, Tuwali, Kalinga, Bago, Applai
REGION II, CARABALLO
MOUNTAINS
Agta, Kalanguya, Bugkalot, Isinai,
Gaddang , Aggay , Dumagat ,
lbanag, Itawis, lvatan
REST OF LUZON/SIERRA
MADRE MOUNTAINS
Aeta, Negrito. Baluga, Pugot, Abell
ing, Agta, Dumagat, Remontado,
Bugkalot, Cimaron, Kabihug,
Tabangnon, Abiyan, (Aeta), Isarog,
ltom
SOUTHERN & EASTERN
MINDANAO
Manobo, Mandaya, Mansaka,
Dibabawon, Banwaon. Bagobo, Ubo
Manobo, Tagakaolo, Talaingod,
Langilan, Mamanwa, Higaonon,
Blaan, T'boli, Kalagan, Tagabawa,
Mangguangan, Tigwahanon, Sangil,
Agusan Manobo
CENTRAL MINDANAO
Aromanon, Tiruray, Bagobo, Ubo Manobo,
Higaonon, Subanen, Maguindanao, Maranao,
Iranon, Karintik Blaan Lambangian
NORTHERN & WESTERN MINDANAO
Manobo, Subanen, Arumanen Manobo,
Arakan Manobo, Teduray, Dibabawon,
Banwaon, Bagobo, Ubo Manobo, Tagakaolo,
Talaingod,, Langilan, Mamanwa, Higaonon,
Blaan, T'boli, Kalagan, Tagabawa, Manobo
Blit, Matigsalog, Tigwahanon, Tagabawa,
Sangil
ISLAND GROUPS
Agutaynen, Tagbanua, Cagayanen, Cuyunon,
Ke’ney, Batak, Pala’wan, Molbog, Iraya
Mangyan, Hanunuo Mangyan, Alangan
Mangyan, Buhid Mangyan, Tadyawan
Mangyan, Batangan Mangyan, Gubatnon
Mangyan, Ratagnon Mangyan, Ati,, Ati
Sulod/Bukidnon, Magahat Korolanos, Ata,
Bukidnon, Escaya, Badjao, Kongking
Four Bundles of Rights
Defined under IPRA
10
B
Four Bundles of Rights Defined under IPRA
11
▰ Right to Ancestral Domains and Lands
▰ Right to Self-Governance and
Empowerment
▰ Right to Social Justice and Human Rights
▰ Right to Cultural Integrity
B.1 Ancestral Domains/ Lands
Ownership; Develop & manage lands & natural resources; Stay in
territories; Rights in case of displacement; Regulate entry of
migrants; Claim reservations; Right to safe & clean air & water;
Resolve conflict through customary law; To transfer ancestral
lands; To redeem ancestral lands lost through vitiated consent.
Note: Ancestral domains/lands are beyond the scope of the
Regalian doctrine (Jura Regalia)
12
Native Title- refers to pre-conquest rights to lands and domains which, as far back as
memory reaches, have been held under a claim of private ownership by ICCs/IPs, have never
been public lands and are thus indisputably presumed to have been held that way since before
the Spanish Conquest (Section 3l, RA 8371)
Ancestral Domains- all areas generally belonging to ICCs/IPs comprising lands, inland
waters, coastal areas, and natural resources therein, held under a claim of ownership, occupied
or possessed by ICCs/IPs, by themselves or through their ancestors, communally or
individually since time immemorial, continuously to the present except when interrupted by
war, force majeure or displacement by force, deceit, stealth or as a consequence of government
projects or any other voluntary dealings entered into by government and private
individuals/corporations, and which are necessary to ensure their economic, social and
cultural welfare. xxx xxx (Section 3a, RA 8371)
13
B.1 Ancestral Domains/ Lands
Ancestral Lands- land occupied, possessed and utilized by individuals, families and
clans who are members of the ICCs/IPs since time immemorial, by themselves or
through their predecessors-in-interest, under claims of individual or traditional group
ownership, continuously, to the present (Section 3b, RA 8371)
* ADs/ALs cover not only the physical environment but the total environment
including the spiritual and cultural bonds to the areas.
* ADs are private but community property; cannot be sold, disposed or destroyed.
14
B.1 Ancestral Domains/ Lands
B.2. Right to Self-Governance and
Empowerment
15
 Freely pursue economic, social & cultural well-being; Free
Prior Informed Consent in use of resources therein; Use
commonly accepted justice system/conflict resolution
institutions/peace building processes/customary laws;
Participate in decision-making that may affect them;
Mandatory representation in policy-making bodies & local
legislative councils; Determine their own priorities;
Organize; Granted means to fully develop their institutions
& initiatives
B.3. Social Justice & Human Rights
16
 Equal protection & non-discrimination
 Rights during armed conflict
 Equal opportunity & treatment
 Basic services
 Protection to women, children & youth
 Integrated system of education
B.4. Right to Cultural Integrity
17
 Protection of culture, traditions and institutions. These must
be considered in the formulation and application of national
plans and policies;
 Access to cultural opportunities
 Recognition of cultural diversity
 Practice & revitalize their customs & traditions & the state
must protect manifestations thereof
 Religious, cultural sites & ceremonies; funds for
archaeological & historical sites
 Ownership and recognition of cultural and intellectual rights
[IKSP]
18
Land is life
19
20
21
Map Showing the Approved CADTs
Total CADT no: 135
Hectares: 4,188,838.57
Population: 1,551,221
ADSDPP no: 162
CADT – Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title
ADSDPP – Ancestral Domain Sustainable Development Protection Plan
22
 The plan of ICC/IPs in a given ancestral domain for the
sustainable management and development of their land
and natural resources, and human and cultural
resources.
• A long term spatial and comprehensive development
plan.
ADSDPP
25
NCIP Administrative Order No. 3 Series of 2012
THE REVISED GUIDELINES ON FREE
AND PRIOR INFORMED CONSENT
(FPIC) AND RELATED PROCESSES
of 2012
26
INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE
Sec. 59. Certification Precondition – all departments and other governmental
agencies shall henceforth be strictly enjoined from issuing, renewing, or granting any
concession, license or lease, or entering into any production-sharing agreement,
without prior certification from the NCIP that the area affected does not overlap any
ancestral domain. Such certification shall only be issued after a field-based
investigation is conducted by the Ancestral Domains Office of the area concerned:
Provided, that no certification shall be issued by the NCIP without the free and prior
informed and written consent of ICCs/IPs concerned: Provided, further, that no
department, government agency or government-owned or controlled corporation may
issue new concession, license, lease, or production sharing agreement while there is a
pending application for a CADT: Provided, finally, that the ICCs/Ips shall have the right
to stop or suspend, in accordance with this Act, any project that has not satisfied the
requirement of this consultation process.
27
Certification Precondition
issued (FPIC)
-379-
Application
• Direct Application
• Endorsed Application
Regional Office
Pre-FBI
Conference
Preparation of
WFP &
Payment of FBI
Fee
FBI Proper
Within 10 days
CNO
Pre-FPIC
Conference
First
Community
Assembly
Payment of FPIC Fee
Second
Community
Assembly
Consensus-
building period
R N C
R o C
Request for
Reconsideratio
n
MOA Drafting
Validation &
Signing
Posting of Bond
RRT RD ADO
MoA final review by
LAO
C E B
Deliberation
Community
Validation
NO
YES
29
30
31
32
III. The National
Commission on
Indigenous Peoples
Website : www.ncip.gov.ph
Phone Trunk line: 025751200
Mandate
33
The NCIP shall protect and promote the interest and
well-being of indigenous peoples with due regard to their:
 beliefs
 customs
 traditions, and
 institutions
(Section 39, IPRA)
… within the framework of national unity and development.
(Section 22, Article II, 1987 Philippine Constitution)
C. MAJOR FUNCTIONS
34
ADMINISTRATIVE/
EXECUTIVE
to implement/
operationalize RA 8371
QUASI-LEGISLATIVE
for the efficient, effective
and economical
implementation of the law
QUASI-JUDICIAL
to construe and apply the law on
cases brought within its
jurisdiction. Appeal from
its decision maybe brought to
the Court of Appeals.
Functions:
1. Administrative &
Executive
2. Quasi-Legislative
3. Quasi-Judicial
Function:
Chief Executive Officer
Function:
Secretariat to the
Commission/ COO
Office of the
Executive Director
12 Regional Offices
(300 Personnel)
46 Provincial Offices
(414 Personnel)
108 Community Service Centers
(756 Personnel)
A
D
O
O
P
P
R
O
S
E
S
S
C
O
E
H
R
O
E
C
H
F
A
O
L
A
O
Functions:
1. Planning/ Budgeting
2. Coordination/
Networking
3. Monitoring/
Evaluation
4. Facilitation
Functions: Field/
Operation Managers
1. Implementation
2. Supervision
3. Monitoring
4. Reporting
RHO
Function:
Quasi-judicial
Total Personnel = 1,588
COA Consultative
Body
COMMISSION EN BANC
CO - 116
FOs - 1,472
COC
Office of the Chairman
D. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF NCIP
35
Policy Services
Indigenous Peoples Rights Protection Services
Ancestral Domain / Land Titling Services
36
NCIP PROGRAMS
Human, Economic and Environmental Development and
Protection Services
37
THANK YOU!
For queries, you can reach us at:
osessc.ncip@gmail.com
Trunkline: 575-1200

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Ipra ncip

  • 1. IPRA AND NCIP Tulgao Ancestral Domain, Tinglayan Kalinga Photo by Jason Umali
  • 2. I. Constitutional Anchors 2 ▰ “The State recognizes and promotes the rights of indigenous cultural communities within the framework of national unity and development” ▰ (1987 Constitution, Declaration of State Policies and Principles, Article II, Sec. 22)
  • 3. I. Constitutional Anchors 3 • “The State, subject to the provisions of this Constitution and national development policies and programs, shall protect the rights of indigenous cultural communities to their ancestral lands to ensure their economic, social, and cultural well being. • The Congress may provide for the applicability of customary laws governing property rights or relations in determining the ownership and extent of ancestral domain. ▰ (1987, Constitution, National Economy and Patrimony, Article XII, Section 5)
  • 4. I. Constitutional Anchors 4 ▰ “ The State shall recognize, respect and protect the rights of indigenous cultural communities to preserve and develop their cultures, traditions, and institutions. It shall consider these rights in the formulation of national plans and policies.” ▰ (1987 Constitution, Education, Science and Technology, Arts, Culture and Sports, Article XIV, Section 17)
  • 5. II. Republic Act 8371 Indigenous Peoples Rights Act (IPRA) ▰ The IPRA was signed into law on October 29, 1997 ▰ Landmark legislation to: - Correct Historical Injustice - Enforce Constitutional Mandates - Observe International Norms ▰ Salient Points -Native Title -4 Bundles of Rights: Ancestral Domains/Lands, Self-governance, Social justice and human rights, Cultural integrity -Creation of the NCIP -Delineation and recognition of ADs/ALs -Free and Prior Informed Consent -Primacy of customary laws -Quasi-judicial powers 5
  • 6. Indigenous Cultural Communities / Indigenous Peoples (ICCs/IPs) 6 A
  • 7. “ • Homogenous societies • Continuously lived as organized community bounded and defined territory • Occupied, possessed and utilized such territories since time immemorial under claims of ownership • Sharing common bonds of language, customs, traditions, and other distinct cultural traits or who have become • historically differentiated from the majority of the • Filipinos 7 7 Indigenous Cultural Communities / Indigenous Peoples (ICCs/IPs)
  • 8. ICCs/IPs There are at least 110 ethno-linguistic groups comprising the ICCs/IPs with a population of about 14 million based on extrapolation of Philippine population growth. 8
  • 9. Ethnographic Locations of ICCs/IPs 9 CORDILLERA & REGION I Bontoc; Balangao, Isneg, Tinggian,, Kankanaey Kalanguya, Karao, lbaloi, Ayangan, lfugao, Tuwali, Kalinga, Bago, Applai REGION II, CARABALLO MOUNTAINS Agta, Kalanguya, Bugkalot, Isinai, Gaddang , Aggay , Dumagat , lbanag, Itawis, lvatan REST OF LUZON/SIERRA MADRE MOUNTAINS Aeta, Negrito. Baluga, Pugot, Abell ing, Agta, Dumagat, Remontado, Bugkalot, Cimaron, Kabihug, Tabangnon, Abiyan, (Aeta), Isarog, ltom SOUTHERN & EASTERN MINDANAO Manobo, Mandaya, Mansaka, Dibabawon, Banwaon. Bagobo, Ubo Manobo, Tagakaolo, Talaingod, Langilan, Mamanwa, Higaonon, Blaan, T'boli, Kalagan, Tagabawa, Mangguangan, Tigwahanon, Sangil, Agusan Manobo CENTRAL MINDANAO Aromanon, Tiruray, Bagobo, Ubo Manobo, Higaonon, Subanen, Maguindanao, Maranao, Iranon, Karintik Blaan Lambangian NORTHERN & WESTERN MINDANAO Manobo, Subanen, Arumanen Manobo, Arakan Manobo, Teduray, Dibabawon, Banwaon, Bagobo, Ubo Manobo, Tagakaolo, Talaingod,, Langilan, Mamanwa, Higaonon, Blaan, T'boli, Kalagan, Tagabawa, Manobo Blit, Matigsalog, Tigwahanon, Tagabawa, Sangil ISLAND GROUPS Agutaynen, Tagbanua, Cagayanen, Cuyunon, Ke’ney, Batak, Pala’wan, Molbog, Iraya Mangyan, Hanunuo Mangyan, Alangan Mangyan, Buhid Mangyan, Tadyawan Mangyan, Batangan Mangyan, Gubatnon Mangyan, Ratagnon Mangyan, Ati,, Ati Sulod/Bukidnon, Magahat Korolanos, Ata, Bukidnon, Escaya, Badjao, Kongking
  • 10. Four Bundles of Rights Defined under IPRA 10 B
  • 11. Four Bundles of Rights Defined under IPRA 11 ▰ Right to Ancestral Domains and Lands ▰ Right to Self-Governance and Empowerment ▰ Right to Social Justice and Human Rights ▰ Right to Cultural Integrity
  • 12. B.1 Ancestral Domains/ Lands Ownership; Develop & manage lands & natural resources; Stay in territories; Rights in case of displacement; Regulate entry of migrants; Claim reservations; Right to safe & clean air & water; Resolve conflict through customary law; To transfer ancestral lands; To redeem ancestral lands lost through vitiated consent. Note: Ancestral domains/lands are beyond the scope of the Regalian doctrine (Jura Regalia) 12
  • 13. Native Title- refers to pre-conquest rights to lands and domains which, as far back as memory reaches, have been held under a claim of private ownership by ICCs/IPs, have never been public lands and are thus indisputably presumed to have been held that way since before the Spanish Conquest (Section 3l, RA 8371) Ancestral Domains- all areas generally belonging to ICCs/IPs comprising lands, inland waters, coastal areas, and natural resources therein, held under a claim of ownership, occupied or possessed by ICCs/IPs, by themselves or through their ancestors, communally or individually since time immemorial, continuously to the present except when interrupted by war, force majeure or displacement by force, deceit, stealth or as a consequence of government projects or any other voluntary dealings entered into by government and private individuals/corporations, and which are necessary to ensure their economic, social and cultural welfare. xxx xxx (Section 3a, RA 8371) 13 B.1 Ancestral Domains/ Lands
  • 14. Ancestral Lands- land occupied, possessed and utilized by individuals, families and clans who are members of the ICCs/IPs since time immemorial, by themselves or through their predecessors-in-interest, under claims of individual or traditional group ownership, continuously, to the present (Section 3b, RA 8371) * ADs/ALs cover not only the physical environment but the total environment including the spiritual and cultural bonds to the areas. * ADs are private but community property; cannot be sold, disposed or destroyed. 14 B.1 Ancestral Domains/ Lands
  • 15. B.2. Right to Self-Governance and Empowerment 15  Freely pursue economic, social & cultural well-being; Free Prior Informed Consent in use of resources therein; Use commonly accepted justice system/conflict resolution institutions/peace building processes/customary laws; Participate in decision-making that may affect them; Mandatory representation in policy-making bodies & local legislative councils; Determine their own priorities; Organize; Granted means to fully develop their institutions & initiatives
  • 16. B.3. Social Justice & Human Rights 16  Equal protection & non-discrimination  Rights during armed conflict  Equal opportunity & treatment  Basic services  Protection to women, children & youth  Integrated system of education
  • 17. B.4. Right to Cultural Integrity 17  Protection of culture, traditions and institutions. These must be considered in the formulation and application of national plans and policies;  Access to cultural opportunities  Recognition of cultural diversity  Practice & revitalize their customs & traditions & the state must protect manifestations thereof  Religious, cultural sites & ceremonies; funds for archaeological & historical sites  Ownership and recognition of cultural and intellectual rights [IKSP]
  • 19. 19
  • 20. 20
  • 21. 21 Map Showing the Approved CADTs Total CADT no: 135 Hectares: 4,188,838.57 Population: 1,551,221 ADSDPP no: 162 CADT – Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title ADSDPP – Ancestral Domain Sustainable Development Protection Plan
  • 22. 22  The plan of ICC/IPs in a given ancestral domain for the sustainable management and development of their land and natural resources, and human and cultural resources. • A long term spatial and comprehensive development plan. ADSDPP
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25. 25 NCIP Administrative Order No. 3 Series of 2012 THE REVISED GUIDELINES ON FREE AND PRIOR INFORMED CONSENT (FPIC) AND RELATED PROCESSES of 2012
  • 26. 26 INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE Sec. 59. Certification Precondition – all departments and other governmental agencies shall henceforth be strictly enjoined from issuing, renewing, or granting any concession, license or lease, or entering into any production-sharing agreement, without prior certification from the NCIP that the area affected does not overlap any ancestral domain. Such certification shall only be issued after a field-based investigation is conducted by the Ancestral Domains Office of the area concerned: Provided, that no certification shall be issued by the NCIP without the free and prior informed and written consent of ICCs/IPs concerned: Provided, further, that no department, government agency or government-owned or controlled corporation may issue new concession, license, lease, or production sharing agreement while there is a pending application for a CADT: Provided, finally, that the ICCs/Ips shall have the right to stop or suspend, in accordance with this Act, any project that has not satisfied the requirement of this consultation process.
  • 28. Application • Direct Application • Endorsed Application Regional Office Pre-FBI Conference Preparation of WFP & Payment of FBI Fee FBI Proper Within 10 days CNO Pre-FPIC Conference First Community Assembly Payment of FPIC Fee Second Community Assembly Consensus- building period R N C R o C Request for Reconsideratio n MOA Drafting Validation & Signing Posting of Bond RRT RD ADO MoA final review by LAO C E B Deliberation Community Validation NO YES
  • 29. 29
  • 30. 30
  • 31. 31
  • 32. 32 III. The National Commission on Indigenous Peoples Website : www.ncip.gov.ph Phone Trunk line: 025751200
  • 33. Mandate 33 The NCIP shall protect and promote the interest and well-being of indigenous peoples with due regard to their:  beliefs  customs  traditions, and  institutions (Section 39, IPRA) … within the framework of national unity and development. (Section 22, Article II, 1987 Philippine Constitution)
  • 34. C. MAJOR FUNCTIONS 34 ADMINISTRATIVE/ EXECUTIVE to implement/ operationalize RA 8371 QUASI-LEGISLATIVE for the efficient, effective and economical implementation of the law QUASI-JUDICIAL to construe and apply the law on cases brought within its jurisdiction. Appeal from its decision maybe brought to the Court of Appeals.
  • 35. Functions: 1. Administrative & Executive 2. Quasi-Legislative 3. Quasi-Judicial Function: Chief Executive Officer Function: Secretariat to the Commission/ COO Office of the Executive Director 12 Regional Offices (300 Personnel) 46 Provincial Offices (414 Personnel) 108 Community Service Centers (756 Personnel) A D O O P P R O S E S S C O E H R O E C H F A O L A O Functions: 1. Planning/ Budgeting 2. Coordination/ Networking 3. Monitoring/ Evaluation 4. Facilitation Functions: Field/ Operation Managers 1. Implementation 2. Supervision 3. Monitoring 4. Reporting RHO Function: Quasi-judicial Total Personnel = 1,588 COA Consultative Body COMMISSION EN BANC CO - 116 FOs - 1,472 COC Office of the Chairman D. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF NCIP 35
  • 36. Policy Services Indigenous Peoples Rights Protection Services Ancestral Domain / Land Titling Services 36 NCIP PROGRAMS Human, Economic and Environmental Development and Protection Services
  • 37. 37 THANK YOU! For queries, you can reach us at: osessc.ncip@gmail.com Trunkline: 575-1200