1. • Organic Liquids can be functionalized in various ways
• Applications of functionalized ionic liquids:
• Selective catalysis
• Molecular recognition and censoring
• Immobilization
Functionalization & Immobilization of IL
• Ionic Compounds
• Dissociated ions carry charge
• Water as a solvent
Origin of Conductivity
Ionic Compounds vs. Ionic Liquids
• Ionic Liquids
• Ions in liquid form
• Does not require water
• Great electrolyte
• Conductivity depends on the existence of free ions
• Two ways to create free ions:
• Addition of heat to molten state
• Dissolving in proper solvents
• Shengda Ding
• Dr. Darensbourg
AcknowledgmentsReferences
1. A. Fukunaga, T. Nohira, R. Hagiwara, K.
Numata, E. Itani, S. Sakai, K. Nitta, Journal
of Applied Electrochemistry, 2016, 46, 487-
496.
2. R. Khani, S. Sobhani, M. Hossein Beyki,
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science,
2016, 466, 98-205.
3. S. Gao, G. Yu, R. Abro, A. A. Abdeltawab, S.
S. Al-Deyab, X. Chen, 2016, 173, 164-171.
Ionic Liquids
Audree L. Co , Manuel Quiroz , Lauren Wieding
Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
Immobilization of IL on nanoparticles:
Absorbent for lead extraction
Abstract
Sodium Ion Batteries
• Better conductor
• Non toxic solvent
• Na abundance >> Li abundance
• Stable at high temperatures
• Ionic liquids are used in Na batteries as electrolytes
Desulfurization: Hydro vs. Ionic Liquid
• Hydrodesulfurization
• Toxic
• Requires high temperature and pressure
• Cannot remove sulfur ring compounds
• Ionic Liquids
• Non-toxic
• Large liquid temperature range
• Removes cyclic sulfur
compounds
Ionic Liquid as a Solvent
• Organic Solvents
• Solubility causes difficult
recovery and solvent loss
• Volatile & Toxic
• Ionic Liquids
• Not being soluble in fuel causes
no solvent loss and easy recovery
• Non-Volatile & Non-Toxic
• Ionic liquids can act as a solvent for most chemicals and materials
Illustration of desulfurization process with IL
What is an Ionic Liquid?
• A ionic liquid is a special type of molten salt in which the ions are poorly
coordinated. This results in weak electrical attraction between the ions
causing the salt to be a liquid at temperatures below 100 C. They can be
metal or non-metal based and are eco-friendly.
Ionic Liquids vs. Molten Salts
• Similarities
• Made up of ions
• Good conductor
• Can be corrosive
• Differences
• m.p. < 100 °C vs > 100 °C
• Large ions vs. Small Ions
• IL can be functionalized
Application of electrolysis:
Molten undergoing
electrolysis
An example of a salt:
Cubic crystal structure of NaCl
An example of an ionic liquid:
Structure of [Hmin][ ]
Properties and Applications
• Conductivity
• Sodium Batteries
• Functionalization
• Immobilization
• Solvent
• Desulfurization
Cycling performance of a Li ion batteryCycling performance of a Na ion battery
Ionic liquids (ILs) are inorganic or organic based liquid salts with a significant-
ly low melting point (< 100 ℃). They generally consist of large ions; however,
their structures and applications enjoy great diversity thanks to the feasibility to
functionalize the individual ions. As stable, non-volatile, non-toxic and environ-
mentally friendly liquids, ILs are naturally versatile, highly designable solvents,
outperforming their organic counterparts with additional advantages like wide liq-
uid range, chemical inertness and ease of separation. These features render ILs
promising candidates as agents for chemical separation such as lead extraction
from waterbody and desulfurization for fuels. In addition, the intrinsic ionic nature
of ILs, makes them highly conductive, a vital character of good electrolytes. ILs
are used as both solvent and electrolyte in the emerging sodium ion battery, yield-
ing comparable, if not better, performance than the conventional lithium battery.