This document discusses ionic liquids and their advantages over conventional organic solvents. Ionic liquids are salts that are liquid at ambient temperatures, have a stable liquid range over 300K, and very low vapor pressure. They have selective solubility of water and organics. Ionic liquids can replace volatile organic solvents used in industrial processes. Common cations include 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium and common anions include [PF6]-, [BF4]-, and [AlCl4]-. Ionic liquids offer advantages like easy separation, low volatility, non-flammability, high thermal and chemical stability, low toxicity, and non-volatility. They have applications as solvents in Frie
Ionic Liquids : Green solvents for the futureMrudang Thakor
Ionic Liquids are entirely made up of Ions also known as Room Temperature Ionic Liquids (RTILs).
They are in demand because of their unmatchable uses and applications in the field of chemistry.
ILs is a group of new organic salts that exist in the liquid state at relatively low temperatures. Ionic liquids have different properties than solid ionic compounds. Besides of these unique properties, ionic liquids have a number of useful applications.
Ionic liquids are excellent substitutes for traditional organic solvents in many typical organic reactions, often producing higher selectivity as well as higher yields, and enhancing the reaction rate.
Additionally, they can serve as catalyst immobilization for the easy recycling of homogeneous catalysts without need for special functionalization, and have been successfully employed as electrolytes in electrochemistry. "Tailor-made" solvents (optimization of the ionic liquid's characteristics) can be achieved through a broad choice of anion and cation combinations. Ionic liquids are attractive solvents as they are non-volatile, non-flammable, have a high thermal stability and are relatively inexpensive to manufacture. They usually exist as liquids well below room temperature up to a temperature as high as 200oC.
The key point about ionic liquids is that they are liquid salts, which means they consist of a salt that exists in the liquid phase. They are not simply salts dissolved in liquid. Usually one or both of the ions is particularly large and the cation has a low degree of symmetry, these factors result in ionic liquids having a reduced lattice energy and hence lower melting points.Many ionic liquids have even been developed for specific synthetic problems. For this reason, ionic liquids have been termed "designer solvents".
MOF is a new class of material with lots of opportunity for future work. It is a coordination compound. Obviously MOF is a attractive subject for a group of researcher.
Ionic Liquids : Green solvents for the futureMrudang Thakor
Ionic Liquids are entirely made up of Ions also known as Room Temperature Ionic Liquids (RTILs).
They are in demand because of their unmatchable uses and applications in the field of chemistry.
ILs is a group of new organic salts that exist in the liquid state at relatively low temperatures. Ionic liquids have different properties than solid ionic compounds. Besides of these unique properties, ionic liquids have a number of useful applications.
Ionic liquids are excellent substitutes for traditional organic solvents in many typical organic reactions, often producing higher selectivity as well as higher yields, and enhancing the reaction rate.
Additionally, they can serve as catalyst immobilization for the easy recycling of homogeneous catalysts without need for special functionalization, and have been successfully employed as electrolytes in electrochemistry. "Tailor-made" solvents (optimization of the ionic liquid's characteristics) can be achieved through a broad choice of anion and cation combinations. Ionic liquids are attractive solvents as they are non-volatile, non-flammable, have a high thermal stability and are relatively inexpensive to manufacture. They usually exist as liquids well below room temperature up to a temperature as high as 200oC.
The key point about ionic liquids is that they are liquid salts, which means they consist of a salt that exists in the liquid phase. They are not simply salts dissolved in liquid. Usually one or both of the ions is particularly large and the cation has a low degree of symmetry, these factors result in ionic liquids having a reduced lattice energy and hence lower melting points.Many ionic liquids have even been developed for specific synthetic problems. For this reason, ionic liquids have been termed "designer solvents".
MOF is a new class of material with lots of opportunity for future work. It is a coordination compound. Obviously MOF is a attractive subject for a group of researcher.
Solventless reaction in green chemistryAfrin Nirfa
Solventless reactions or solid state reactions are one of the principles involved in green chemistry. these reactions are more useful because the toxicity of solvents are reduced, easy to handle, cheaper and makes environment friendly.
PTC IS THE PHASE TRANSFER CATALYSIS HERE TYPES OF PTC ARE DISCUSSED , THEORIES OF CATALYSIS AND MECHANISM OF PTC, ADVANTAGES OF PTC, APPLICATION OF PTC
MERITS OF MICROWAVE ASSISTED REACTIONS
DEMERITS OF MICROWAVE ASSISTED REACTIONS
MECHANISM OF MICROWAVE HEATING
EFFECTS OF SOLVENTS IN MICROWAVE ASSISTED SYNTHESIS
MICROWAVE VERSUS CONVENTIONAL SYNTHESIS
MICROWAVE INSTRUMENTATION
VARIOUS TYPES OF MICROWAVE ASSISTED ORGANIC REACTIONS
APPLICATIONS OF MICROWAVE ASSISTED REACTIONS
Ionic liquids are excellent substitutes for traditional organic solvents in many typical organic reactions, often producing higher selectivities as well as higher yields, and enhancing the reaction rate. Tatva chintan is a globally recognized, integrated pharmaceutical company with core competencies in the development and manufacture of ionic liquids.
Solventless reaction in green chemistryAfrin Nirfa
Solventless reactions or solid state reactions are one of the principles involved in green chemistry. these reactions are more useful because the toxicity of solvents are reduced, easy to handle, cheaper and makes environment friendly.
PTC IS THE PHASE TRANSFER CATALYSIS HERE TYPES OF PTC ARE DISCUSSED , THEORIES OF CATALYSIS AND MECHANISM OF PTC, ADVANTAGES OF PTC, APPLICATION OF PTC
MERITS OF MICROWAVE ASSISTED REACTIONS
DEMERITS OF MICROWAVE ASSISTED REACTIONS
MECHANISM OF MICROWAVE HEATING
EFFECTS OF SOLVENTS IN MICROWAVE ASSISTED SYNTHESIS
MICROWAVE VERSUS CONVENTIONAL SYNTHESIS
MICROWAVE INSTRUMENTATION
VARIOUS TYPES OF MICROWAVE ASSISTED ORGANIC REACTIONS
APPLICATIONS OF MICROWAVE ASSISTED REACTIONS
Ionic liquids are excellent substitutes for traditional organic solvents in many typical organic reactions, often producing higher selectivities as well as higher yields, and enhancing the reaction rate. Tatva chintan is a globally recognized, integrated pharmaceutical company with core competencies in the development and manufacture of ionic liquids.
in this presentation basic information regarding ionic liquids and emulsions is shared which includes pros, cons of ionic liquids, there applications, applications of emulsions process of ,making one ionic liquid is also included
Hydrolysis as one of the processes of chemical weathering. It includes its definition, its processes, its advantages and disadvantages.
CREDITS TO:
WARNER ALEGRO
JOHAILA MOCAMMAD
DEN ABINES
for making this presentation.
Phase Transfer Catalysis and Ionic liquids Gopika M G
Mechanism of Phase Transfer Catalysis, Examples of Phase Transfer Catalysts, Catalysis by Ionic Liquids, Examples of Ionic Liquids, Reactions involving Ionic Liquids.
Deep Eutetic Solvents for Biomass Activation by Sauli Vuoti, Jaakko Hiltunen et al., VTT
ACel Programme Seminar June 5, 2015
http://fibic.fi/events/acel-program-seminar-jun-5-cellulose-reactivity-and-recycling-of-ionic-liquids
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
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In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
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GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
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1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
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Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
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Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
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Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
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• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
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• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
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Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
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Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
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Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
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In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
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Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
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See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
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Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
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👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
2. Salts that are liquid at ambient
temperatures
Have stable liquid range of over 300K
Have very low vapour pressure at
room temperature
Selective solubility of water and
organics
Potential to replace volatile organic
solvents used in processes
3. 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium is the most common
cation
[PF6]- for moisture stable, water immiscible IL
[BF4]- for moisture stable, but water miscible
IL
[AlCl4
-] (or other Lewis acids) decomposes in
water
4. Easy separation
Very low vapor pressure
Non-flammable substance
High thermally stable
High mechanically stable
Electrochemically stable
Low toxicity
Non-volatile
5. High ionic conductivity
Non-flammable
Non-volatile
High thermal stability
Wide temperature range for liquid
phase (- 40 to + 200°C)
Highly solvating, yet non-coordinating
Good solvents for many organic and
inorganic materials
6.
7. The most important application of ILs is
that it replaces the volatile organic
compounds.
ILs not only acts a solvent but also
catalyzes the friedel crafts reactions.
Most commonly used IL is
chloroaluminate(+3) based ionic liquids
8. Another important IL used is
[bmim][BF4] and Scandium triflate.
Also if IL is used only as a solvent,
recovery of catalyst is much easier
as compared to organic solvents.
The recycling can be operated by
chemical transformation or by
direct distillation, depending on the
catalyst and its stability.
Since the volatility of solvent is very
low, there is no need for pressure
reactor.
9. Scandium(III) triflate catalysed
alkylation of aromatic compounds
with alkenes proceeds readily in
hydrophobic ionic liquid catalyst
with easy recovery and recycling,
whereas these reactions do not
occur in common organic solvents.
Ionic liquids are generally non
toxic and biodegradable thus
making the process greener
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