Ion exchange in soil

The document provides an overview of soil properties, emphasizing the concept of ion exchange, which involves the interchange of cations and anions between the soil and its solution. It discusses cation exchange capacity (CEC) and how it is influenced by soil composition and pH, highlighting the sequence and availability of various cations in the soil. Additionally, it covers anion exchange capacity (AEC), soil pH measurement, and the significance of pH in soil health and plant growth.