PROFIBUS Characteristics
PROFIBUS is a bi-directional digital communication network for field devices.
Multi-drop network, many devices on one cable
communicates not only process values but also diagnostics, device parameters, calibration and performance data etc.
The data can represent analogue values and/or discrete (on/off) values.
But all data is digitally encoded and transmitted.
PROFIBUS is extensively specified.
All PROFIBUS devices are interoperable.
• Multi vendor systems are easily constructed.
• Best of breed devices can be selected.
• Common set of tools for maintenance and engineering.
The Process Industry has quite different requirements from
Factory Automation.
Generally, we are dealing devices that are exposed to the
environment.
Requires higher IP ratings.
Hazardous environments (explosive atmospheres) are common.
Requires Intrinsic Safety.
We are often dealing with extensive systems with thousands of
devices.
Requires high availability.
High speed operation is not normally required.
Production cannot normally be stopped, so engineering
activities such as maintenance and device replacement must
have minimum impact.
PROFIBUS is a very reliable and cost effective
technology.
It is common to find extensive installations
comprising thousands of PROFIBUS devices
operating on complex networks which are connected
together via industrial Ethernet.
The reliable operation of these networks is essential
to maintaining plant productivity.
So, what can go wrong?
PROFIBUS is a very reliable and cost effective technology.
It is common to find extensive installations comprising thousands of PROFIBUS devices operating on complex networks which are connected together via industrial Ethernet.
The reliable operation of these networks is essential to maintaining plant productivity.
So, what can go wrong? And how do you find out? And avoid recurrance?
This presentation will introduce the concept of profiles and in
particular the PA profile, which is mandatory for all PROFIBUS
PA devices.
The presentation will briefly explain the structure of the PA
profile and show the benefits that this can bring when working
with extensive and complex plants.
We will include a practical demonstration showing
manufacturer independent remote device access for device
which provides functions for commissioning, maintenance,
calibration and monitoring.
PROFIBUS is a very reliable and cost effective
technology.
It is common to find extensive installations
comprising thousands of PROFIBUS devices
operating on complex networks which are connected
together via industrial Ethernet.
The reliable operation of these networks is essential
to maintaining plant productivity.
So, what can go wrong?
PROFIBUS is a very reliable and cost effective technology.
It is common to find extensive installations comprising thousands of PROFIBUS devices operating on complex networks which are connected together via industrial Ethernet.
The reliable operation of these networks is essential to maintaining plant productivity.
So, what can go wrong? And how do you find out? And avoid recurrance?
The Process Industry has quite different requirements from
Factory Automation.
Generally, we are dealing devices that are exposed to the
environment.
Requires higher IP ratings.
Hazardous environments (explosive atmospheres) are common.
Requires Intrinsic Safety.
We are often dealing with extensive systems with thousands of
devices.
Requires high availability.
High speed operation is not normally required.
Production cannot normally be stopped, so engineering
activities such as maintenance and device replacement must
have minimum impact.
PROFIBUS is a very reliable and cost effective
technology.
It is common to find extensive installations
comprising thousands of PROFIBUS devices
operating on complex networks which are connected
together via industrial Ethernet.
The reliable operation of these networks is essential
to maintaining plant productivity.
So, what can go wrong?
PROFIBUS is a very reliable and cost effective technology.
It is common to find extensive installations comprising thousands of PROFIBUS devices operating on complex networks which are connected together via industrial Ethernet.
The reliable operation of these networks is essential to maintaining plant productivity.
So, what can go wrong? And how do you find out? And avoid recurrance?
This presentation will introduce the concept of profiles and in
particular the PA profile, which is mandatory for all PROFIBUS
PA devices.
The presentation will briefly explain the structure of the PA
profile and show the benefits that this can bring when working
with extensive and complex plants.
We will include a practical demonstration showing
manufacturer independent remote device access for device
which provides functions for commissioning, maintenance,
calibration and monitoring.
PROFIBUS is a very reliable and cost effective
technology.
It is common to find extensive installations
comprising thousands of PROFIBUS devices
operating on complex networks which are connected
together via industrial Ethernet.
The reliable operation of these networks is essential
to maintaining plant productivity.
So, what can go wrong?
PROFIBUS is a very reliable and cost effective technology.
It is common to find extensive installations comprising thousands of PROFIBUS devices operating on complex networks which are connected together via industrial Ethernet.
The reliable operation of these networks is essential to maintaining plant productivity.
So, what can go wrong? And how do you find out? And avoid recurrance?
PROFIBUS is a bi-directional digital communication
network for field devices.
Multi-drop network, many devices on one cable
communicates not only process values but also diagnostics,
device parameters, calibration and performance data etc.
The data can represent analogue values and/or
discrete (on/off) values.
But all data is digitally encoded and transmitted.
PROFIBUS is extensively specified.
All PROFIBUS devices are interoperable.
• Multi vendor systems are easily constructed.
• Best of breed devices can be selected.
• Common set of tools for maintenance and engineering.
Most system designers and project managers look at the
project procurement, installation and deployment costs when
they price a project.
However, the costs of an automation system spread over the
life cycle of the plant and should include maintenance, faultfinding
and health-checking.
Perhaps most important is the cost in terms of loss of
production should faults develop during the lifetime of the
plant. Spending a little more at procurement time can repay
many times over.
Good fault tolerant design need not be more expensive.
Sometimes fault tolerance can be achieved with just a little
thought at no additional cost.
This presentation looks at the tools and techniques that are available for engineering activities such as health checking and fault finding. In particular the presentation will explore some of the devices that are now available for automated network condition monitoring. These devices can provide 24/7 remote monitoring of your networks to provide rapid reporting of network problems and provide indication of performance degradation and give pre-warning of impending failure. The presentation will include a practical demonstration of some of the available tools.
This presentation examines the fundamental principles of good network design for process automation systems. The presentation will discuss the main factors that should be considered at the design stage of a project and how these can impact on the reliability and availability of the plant. Practical examples will show how facilities for health checking, fault-finding and maintenance can have a crucial impact. The presentation will also examine how properly thought out network monitoring and engineering access facilities can drastically affect plant up-time and thus profitability.
The number of installed PROFINET nodes is growing and growing. In this presentation we will discuss the use of PROFINET in process industry applications and compare its use to PROFIBUS which is a strong performer in the process industry.
This presentation will discuss the basics of how we should approach a safety-related control project and discuss how networking supports the implementation of the safety system using PROFIsafe as an example of a black channel safety-related control solution.
System designers and project managers look at the project
procurement, installation and deployment costs when they
price a project.
However, the costs of an automation system spread over the
life cycle of the plant and should include maintenance, faultfinding and health-checking.
Perhaps most important is the cost in terms of loss of
production should faults develop during the lifetime of the
plant. Spending a little more at procurement time can repay
many times over.
Good fault tolerant design need not be more expensive.
Sometimes fault tolerance can be achieved with just a little
thought at no additional cost.
A practical session that allows attendees to get hands-on with real devices on a real network.
Featuring a DP+PA network consisting of two DP segments and a PA segment with monitoring devices from several leading manufacturers including Softing, Procentec and Pepperl+Fuchs, the network will also have a wireless switch into which a number of monitoring devices will connect and there will be several laptops with wireless comms spread around the room so that people can interact with the monitors.
The Workshop will start with a general introductory presentation on communication and peripheral faults, fault diagnosis and network monitoring. This will include coverage of permanent network monitoring devices and an explanation of the physical setup so people know what they are doing.
This presentation examines the fundamental principles of good network design for process automation systems. The presentation will discuss the main factors that should be considered at the design stage of a project and how these can impact on the reliability and availability of the plant. Practical examples will show how facilities for health checking, fault-finding and maintenance can have a crucial impact. The presentation will also examine how properly thought out network monitoring and engineering access facilities can drastically affect plant up-time and thus profitability.
PROFIBUS - the world's most successful fieldbus. Easy, flexible, consistent.
PROFINET - the leading Industrial Ethernet Standard. Open, versatile, safe.
IO-Link - the new standard in the lower field level. Universal, smart, easy.
Most system designers and project managers look at the
project procurement, installation and deployment costs when
they price a project.
However, the costs of an automation system spread over the
whole life cycle of the plant and should include costs of system
failures, maintenance, health-checking etc.
Perhaps most important is the cost in terms of loss of plant
function should faults develop during the lifetime of the plant.
Spending a little more at procurement time can repay many
times over.
Good fault tolerant design need not be more expensive.
Sometimes fault tolerance can be achieved with just a little
thought at no additional cost.
Introduction to very successful technical seminar held at Advanced Manufacturing Technology Centre, Coventry, UK 25 Feb 2016
Includes the agenda which acts as a useful index to the presentations given at the seminar and available for download here on Slideshare. Also includes statistics on the worldwide use of PROFIBUS, PROFINET and PROFIsafe. Plus details of membership benefits of The PROFIBUS Group - PI UK.
What do we mean by “Safety”?
“The condition of being safe; freedom from danger, risk, or injury.”
In the UK (and Europe) this can cover many areas and industries, for example:
Supply of Machinery (Safety) Regulations
Electromagnetic Compatibility Regulations
Electrical Equipment (Safety) Regulations
Pressure Equipment Regulations
Simple Pressure Vessels (Safety) Regulations
Equipment and Protective Systems Intended for Use in Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Regulations
Lifts Regulations
Medical Devices Regulations
Gas Appliances (Safety) Regulations
PROFINET is a member of a family providing industrial communications over Ethernet.
PROFINET is:
completely standard Ethernet (IEEE802.3).
High speed, operating at 100Mbit/s or faster over copper or fibre-optic cables,
makes use of existing IT standards. But, is “real-time” and deterministic,
PROFINET is very well thought out to incorporate all the requirements of automation and control systems.
PROFINET is totally compatible with PROFIBUS but is NOT PROFIBUS over Ethernet.
PROFINET wiring is quite different to PROFIBUS
PROFIBUS:
Uses multi-drop segments with many devices on one cable. Segments are separated by repeaters.
Two-core screened twisted pair cable.
Termination is in the hands of the user – many problems arise because of this.
PROFINET :
Multi-drop connection is not used; all cables connect just two devices together. Switches are used for branching to devices.
Four-core screened twisted pair cable.
Termination is provided within every Ethernet device; no longer in the hands of the user – should eliminate termination problems.
PROFINET – Commissioning Guideline
This is one of several free-to-download guidelines documents from PNO (PROFIBUS and PROFINET User Organisation).
It provides guidance on how to verify the installation aspects of the network as well as how to commission the live system.
These tests are additional to the application-specific, System Acceptance Testing that would usually be performed.
Failure to follow these guidelines puts you at risk of having your application tests pass without a detailed knowledge of the underlying performance of your network
•The history of device configuration tools
•EDDL and FDT
•Field Device Integration (FDI) Cooperation
•Platform example – FDT
•Live demo
•Configuration of Profibus PA
•Configuration of Profinet devices
PROFIBUS is a bi-directional digital communication
network for field devices.
Multi-drop network, many devices on one cable
communicates not only process values but also diagnostics,
device parameters, calibration and performance data etc.
The data can represent analogue values and/or
discrete (on/off) values.
But all data is digitally encoded and transmitted.
PROFIBUS is extensively specified.
All PROFIBUS devices are interoperable.
• Multi vendor systems are easily constructed.
• Best of breed devices can be selected.
• Common set of tools for maintenance and engineering.
Most system designers and project managers look at the
project procurement, installation and deployment costs when
they price a project.
However, the costs of an automation system spread over the
life cycle of the plant and should include maintenance, faultfinding
and health-checking.
Perhaps most important is the cost in terms of loss of
production should faults develop during the lifetime of the
plant. Spending a little more at procurement time can repay
many times over.
Good fault tolerant design need not be more expensive.
Sometimes fault tolerance can be achieved with just a little
thought at no additional cost.
This presentation looks at the tools and techniques that are available for engineering activities such as health checking and fault finding. In particular the presentation will explore some of the devices that are now available for automated network condition monitoring. These devices can provide 24/7 remote monitoring of your networks to provide rapid reporting of network problems and provide indication of performance degradation and give pre-warning of impending failure. The presentation will include a practical demonstration of some of the available tools.
This presentation examines the fundamental principles of good network design for process automation systems. The presentation will discuss the main factors that should be considered at the design stage of a project and how these can impact on the reliability and availability of the plant. Practical examples will show how facilities for health checking, fault-finding and maintenance can have a crucial impact. The presentation will also examine how properly thought out network monitoring and engineering access facilities can drastically affect plant up-time and thus profitability.
The number of installed PROFINET nodes is growing and growing. In this presentation we will discuss the use of PROFINET in process industry applications and compare its use to PROFIBUS which is a strong performer in the process industry.
This presentation will discuss the basics of how we should approach a safety-related control project and discuss how networking supports the implementation of the safety system using PROFIsafe as an example of a black channel safety-related control solution.
System designers and project managers look at the project
procurement, installation and deployment costs when they
price a project.
However, the costs of an automation system spread over the
life cycle of the plant and should include maintenance, faultfinding and health-checking.
Perhaps most important is the cost in terms of loss of
production should faults develop during the lifetime of the
plant. Spending a little more at procurement time can repay
many times over.
Good fault tolerant design need not be more expensive.
Sometimes fault tolerance can be achieved with just a little
thought at no additional cost.
A practical session that allows attendees to get hands-on with real devices on a real network.
Featuring a DP+PA network consisting of two DP segments and a PA segment with monitoring devices from several leading manufacturers including Softing, Procentec and Pepperl+Fuchs, the network will also have a wireless switch into which a number of monitoring devices will connect and there will be several laptops with wireless comms spread around the room so that people can interact with the monitors.
The Workshop will start with a general introductory presentation on communication and peripheral faults, fault diagnosis and network monitoring. This will include coverage of permanent network monitoring devices and an explanation of the physical setup so people know what they are doing.
This presentation examines the fundamental principles of good network design for process automation systems. The presentation will discuss the main factors that should be considered at the design stage of a project and how these can impact on the reliability and availability of the plant. Practical examples will show how facilities for health checking, fault-finding and maintenance can have a crucial impact. The presentation will also examine how properly thought out network monitoring and engineering access facilities can drastically affect plant up-time and thus profitability.
PROFIBUS - the world's most successful fieldbus. Easy, flexible, consistent.
PROFINET - the leading Industrial Ethernet Standard. Open, versatile, safe.
IO-Link - the new standard in the lower field level. Universal, smart, easy.
Most system designers and project managers look at the
project procurement, installation and deployment costs when
they price a project.
However, the costs of an automation system spread over the
whole life cycle of the plant and should include costs of system
failures, maintenance, health-checking etc.
Perhaps most important is the cost in terms of loss of plant
function should faults develop during the lifetime of the plant.
Spending a little more at procurement time can repay many
times over.
Good fault tolerant design need not be more expensive.
Sometimes fault tolerance can be achieved with just a little
thought at no additional cost.
Introduction to very successful technical seminar held at Advanced Manufacturing Technology Centre, Coventry, UK 25 Feb 2016
Includes the agenda which acts as a useful index to the presentations given at the seminar and available for download here on Slideshare. Also includes statistics on the worldwide use of PROFIBUS, PROFINET and PROFIsafe. Plus details of membership benefits of The PROFIBUS Group - PI UK.
What do we mean by “Safety”?
“The condition of being safe; freedom from danger, risk, or injury.”
In the UK (and Europe) this can cover many areas and industries, for example:
Supply of Machinery (Safety) Regulations
Electromagnetic Compatibility Regulations
Electrical Equipment (Safety) Regulations
Pressure Equipment Regulations
Simple Pressure Vessels (Safety) Regulations
Equipment and Protective Systems Intended for Use in Potentially Explosive Atmospheres Regulations
Lifts Regulations
Medical Devices Regulations
Gas Appliances (Safety) Regulations
PROFINET is a member of a family providing industrial communications over Ethernet.
PROFINET is:
completely standard Ethernet (IEEE802.3).
High speed, operating at 100Mbit/s or faster over copper or fibre-optic cables,
makes use of existing IT standards. But, is “real-time” and deterministic,
PROFINET is very well thought out to incorporate all the requirements of automation and control systems.
PROFINET is totally compatible with PROFIBUS but is NOT PROFIBUS over Ethernet.
PROFINET wiring is quite different to PROFIBUS
PROFIBUS:
Uses multi-drop segments with many devices on one cable. Segments are separated by repeaters.
Two-core screened twisted pair cable.
Termination is in the hands of the user – many problems arise because of this.
PROFINET :
Multi-drop connection is not used; all cables connect just two devices together. Switches are used for branching to devices.
Four-core screened twisted pair cable.
Termination is provided within every Ethernet device; no longer in the hands of the user – should eliminate termination problems.
PROFINET – Commissioning Guideline
This is one of several free-to-download guidelines documents from PNO (PROFIBUS and PROFINET User Organisation).
It provides guidance on how to verify the installation aspects of the network as well as how to commission the live system.
These tests are additional to the application-specific, System Acceptance Testing that would usually be performed.
Failure to follow these guidelines puts you at risk of having your application tests pass without a detailed knowledge of the underlying performance of your network
•The history of device configuration tools
•EDDL and FDT
•Field Device Integration (FDI) Cooperation
•Platform example – FDT
•Live demo
•Configuration of Profibus PA
•Configuration of Profinet devices
Why functional safety is important for modern control systems.
The presentation will firstly discuss why functional safety is important for modern control systems and industrial equipment and then explain how PROFIsafe can be used in delivering functional safety. It will also briefly discuss the requirements for IT Security in modern controls and how this can impact and affect decisions made for functional safety.
The presentation will conclude with a quick look into the future to discuss how ‘Industry 4.0’, the’ Internet of Things’ and ‘Big Data’ could impact the functional safety world.
§ Requirements of the Process Industry
§ PROFINET - One solution for all applications
§ Highest availability and scalability with PROFINET
§ Investment protection over the whole life cycle of the plant
§ Benefits of PROFINET in Process Automation
§ Migration of PROFIBUS-DP to PROFINET
To gain an understanding of the way in which
PROFINET devices communicate with one
another over Ethernet.
• To learn how to capture the PROFINET
Frames using Wireshark®.
• To see how Wireshark® can be used to analyse
the captured frames to gain an understanding
of the various protocols.
• This is a topic covered in more detail in the
Certified PROFINET Engineers Course
PROFINET - The backbone of IIoT.
IOT, IIOT, Industrie 4.0 are becoming popular topics of conversation, but what do they mean and where does PROFINET fit into the equation? This presentation will try to explain this and provide a clearer idea of the benefits of using PROFINET as part of an overall move towards these concepts, collectively known as the 4th Industrial Revolution.
BIOGRAPHY
Peter Thomas is a Process Control and Automation Engineer with Control Specialists Ltd. He is Chairman of the PROFIBUS & PROFINET International Training Centre (PITC) Workgroup and is a member of the PROFIBUS UK Steering Committee.
The fourth stage of the Industrial Revolution is upon us due to the far-reaching integration, accelerated by the Internet of Things, of Operational Technology (OT) and Information Technology (IT). This creates completely new opportunities as a result of new combinations of mental, physical and mechanical work by integrating the internet, sensors and embedded systems.
The Internet of Things enabled IT/OT convergence leads to cost reduction as a consequence of predictive maintenance, speed and intelligence, thanks to Machine-to-Machine communication and improved forms of Human-Machine Interaction. M2M interaction between and within machines and systems is the cyber-physical heart of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
Global Trends / Industry 4.0
How PROFINET provides increased flexibility, efficiency, and performance
Merging of automation and IT
OT Vs IT:
Location – Rough environment
Installation – Plant maintenance
Topology – Plant specific, varied
Availability – Network downtimes <300mS
Device density – Low, switches with few ports
Network monitoring – Part of plant monitoring
Design Summary:
§ Zoning and Security are essential
§ VLANs
§ Layer 3 switches
§ ACL
§ Bandwidth reservation
§ Network redundancy
§ Protection of safety-related systems
§ OT team & IT Team cooperation
PROFINET Security Concept:
§ Network Architecture – Security Zones
§ Trust Concept – within Zones
§ Perimeter Defence – Firewall/VPN
§ Provision of Confidentiality and Integrity
§ Transparent Integration of Firewalls
Case Study – PROFIBUS Network, Waveforms, Network screen currents, EMC measurement and Network screen currents
Control Specialists Ltd. were asked to provide site support on a 6-year old PROFIBUS installation.
The installation consisted of several separate PROFIBUS networks all of which had been suffering from intermittent network failures since the network had been commissioned.
The engineering staff of the client already had a portable PROFIBUS analyser and a permanent monitor but had been unable to identify the cause of the problems.
PROFIBUS DP essentials
Typical faults which may occur
Important preparations for fault-finding
Tools and expertise needed to tackle problems
Expected PROFIBUS network quality / performance
Examples of typical analyser screen images
Preventive maintenance
What to do when the fault alarm rings!
Commissioning issues
Use test Master in place of operational PLC
Check cable connections & waveforms
Confirm slave address settings
Get slaves into data exchange : run test data
Connect PLC and confirm overall performance
It is the IoT’s industrial applications, or the Industrial Internet”, which may ultimately dwarf the consumer side in potential business and socioeconomic impacts. The Industrial Internet will transform many industries, including manufacturing, oil and gas, agriculture, mining, transportation and healthcare. Collectively, these account for nearly two-thirds of the world economy. As society evolves towards an integrated digital-human workforce, the Industrial Internet will redefine the new types of new jobs to be created, and will reshape the very nature of work. Given the greater significance, this presentation focuses exclusively on the Industrial Internet.
Overview of PROFIBUS and PROFINET family.
Technology and applications.
A look at who needs access to the data in our control
system and how this is achieved.
A description of “Device Profiles”. Why these are
important and how they simplify life for the user.
PROFINET what it is, what it isn't and some myths.
Quick look at the support and training that are
available
Facilities for health checking and fault finding on PROFIBUS
systems are essential.
Access points must be provided on every segment of every
network. (Piggy-back sockets).
Tools and accompanying training are essential.
Network layout should allow devices to be replaced without
shutting down the network or disturbing other devices on the
network.
Replacement of devices should, if possible, not require reconfiguration of the system.
Health checking should be carried out at regular intervals to
detect degradation of performance, deteriorating
communications and developing problems.
An overview of the Group’s structure and global representation, taking a look at the protocol basics and their differences, plus showing the progress of the number of installed devices from the group’s supported technologies and relating these figures to their market share.
Previously named "PROFIBUS Basic Slide Set" this new (2017) version includes technologies of PROFIBUS and PROFINET as well as new accompanying technologies such as FDI.
Over time PROFIBUS technologies have been and will be further complemented and replaced with the even more powerful, Ethernet-based PROFINET technology.
This will also happen in the process automation application field.
Although Factory Automation widely uses Industrial Ethernet as the main Fieldbus, in Process Automation plants PROFIBUS is still the number one communication system. Karsten will show, why this is not an issue, how users can benefit from PROFINET today and how PI keeps developing PROFINET to meet all needs and requirements of PA including a new Physical Layer (APL) for Ethernet in hazardous areas.
Particularly relevant to people responsible for the design of PROFINET networks, highlighting the common errors and assumptions made that could make on-going support of the network rather difficult.
For people responsible for the design, commissioning and support of PROFINET networks, explaining how to integrate existing PROFIBUS DP and PROFIBUS PA devices into that network. The webinar took the form of a presentation with demonstrations to aid understanding.
User Friendly
Flexible Installation
Best Diagnostics
Safety Integrated
Synchronicity for Motion integrated
High Availability
Secure IT-integration
Energy Efficiency
IO-Link integration
Huge Organisation and Support Structure
Practical steps for a successful project, Xiu Ji. PROFIBUS Seminar at MTC, Coventry, 2013.
Basics of PROFIBUS
Considerations at the design stage
Installation
Visual Checks
Introduction to PROFIBUS and associated benefits
Connection options and rules
Other cabling issues : grounding and interference
Design Considerations
Implementation issues
Essential training
Analysis and Survey of FPGA Based PROFIBUS BoardIJAEMSJORNAL
Fieldbus system has been established as a communication network, used to connect field devices such as sensors, transduser,controller,man machine interface.Currently a large number of global fieldbus standards are available for consumers.Citation of different types of field bus present an analytical review of various fieldbus systemthat how to gather the data from various equipment distributed far away from each other in the field with reduced wiring and cabling requirement, those are the basic components of communication system. This work also discuss about FPGA based PROFIBUS communication board. It proposes the alternative solution to complexity of communication system and devise it more reliable, high integral and transmission efficient.
PROFINET in action at a major plant of AUDI
The paper describes the successful deployment of a diagnostic and monitoring solution for the provision of network perfomance status based on PROFINET diagnostics. The implementation took place in a major plant of AUDI, one of Germany’s leading car manufacturers.
AUDI’s decision to standardize on PROFINET as communication protocol within its plants was in accordance with the recommendation of the German AIDA organisation (an initiative of the leading German car manufacturers Audi, BMW, Daimler, Volkswagen and Porsche) to introduce PROFINET for automation projects in the German Automotive Industry in 2004.
AUDI’s specific requirements for the implementation of the PROFINET communication protocol went beyond the scope of typical network diagnostics and included the following:
Provision of network and error statistics as well as diagnostic information read from devices
Access to topology and asset information such as current firmware versions in real-time
Detection of added or failed devices and the creation of a reference measurement
Availability of the communication metrics for subsequent comparison
Graphical display of possible changes
Secure access from the overall network – managed by the IT department – to the automation network
For people responsible for the commissioning and support of PROFIBUS networks. The webinar took the form of a presentation with demonstrations to aid understanding.
This 40-minute long webinar follows on from the PROFINET Network Design Webinar but is this time intended for people responsible for the commissioning and support of PROFINET networks. The webinar took the form of a presentation with demonstrations to aid understanding.
It is particularity relevant to people responsible for the design and installation of PROFIBUS and PROFINET networks as outlined in the PI Guidelines on Earthing and Bonding of PROFIBUS and PROFINET Networks.
Also for those who want an awareness of the often misunderstood topic of EMC in industrial automation.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...
Introduction to PROFIBUS for process automation Andy Verwer
1. Introduction to PROFIBUS for
Process Automation
Andy Verwer
Verwer Training & Consultancy Ltd
Gold distributor
Page 2Introduction to PROFIBUS for Process Automation, Verwer Training & Consultancy Ltd, February 2014
PROFIBUS Characteristics
PROFIBUS is a bi-directional digital communication
network for field devices.
Multi-drop network, many devices on one cable
communicates not only process values but also diagnostics,
device parameters, calibration and performance data etc.
The data can represent analogue values and/or
discrete (on/off) values.
But all data is digitally encoded and transmitted.
PROFIBUS is extensively specified.
All PROFIBUS devices are interoperable.
• Multi vendor systems are easily constructed.
• Best of breed devices can be selected.
• Common set of tools for maintenance and engineering.
2. Page 3Introduction to PROFIBUS for Process Automation, Verwer Training & Consultancy Ltd, February 2014
PROFIBUS
PROFIBUS is the world’s leading fieldbus system:
Approaching 50 million devices installed.
Approximately 3,000 products from over 300 different
suppliers.
PROFIBUS has been around for almost 25 years.
Over that period the specification has been extended and
refined (in a backwardly compatible way) so that new
application areas have been opened up.
• High speed synchronised servo applications (Robotics and
NC machines).
• Functional safety systems (machine guarding, interlocking).
• Operation in hazardous environments (intrinsic safety).
• High availability systems (reliability and redundancy).
• Etc.
Page 4Introduction to PROFIBUS for Process Automation, Verwer Training & Consultancy Ltd, February 2014
The PROFIBUS Family
PROFIBUS DP - Decentralised Periphery
Low cost, simple, high speed field-level communications.
Generally designed for internal use
(cabinet mounting).
3. Page 5Introduction to PROFIBUS for Process Automation, Verwer Training & Consultancy Ltd, February 2014
The PROFIBUS Family
PROFIBUS PA - Process Automation
Developed specifically for the process industry to
replace 4-20mA transmission.
Two-wire connection carrying both power and data.
Generally designed for external use (field mounting).
Page 6Introduction to PROFIBUS for Process Automation, Verwer Training & Consultancy Ltd, February 2014
The PROFIBUS Family
PROFINET
Standardised Industrial Ethernet
High speed highly deterministic and capable networking.
Generally designed for internal use (just like DP)
4. Page 7Introduction to PROFIBUS for Process Automation, Verwer Training & Consultancy Ltd, February 2014
What is PROFINET?
PROFINET is an open Industrial Ethernet standard
developed by the PROFIBUS Organisation.
PROFINET
is completely standard Ethernet (IEEE802.3).
operates at 100Mbit/s over twisted-pair copper or
fibre-optic cables,
exclusively uses switches and full duplex operation to
completely eliminate collisions,
makes use of TCP/IP, XML and other IT standards.
is “real-time” and deterministic,
PROFINET is well thought out to incorporate all the
requirements of automation and control systems.
PROFINET is not PROFIBUS over Ethernet!
Page 8Introduction to PROFIBUS for Process Automation, Verwer Training & Consultancy Ltd, February 2014
PROFINET
Many features that have been developed for PROFIBUS
devices have been directly incorporated into PROFINET:
Standardised module and channel-related diagnostics,
Alarm and status information,
Identification and Maintenance (I&M) functions,
Time stamping,
Highly deterministic process cycle timing,
Device description file (GSD) with configuration data
for the device, available modules and parameters
(PROFINET uses XML)
5. Page 9Introduction to PROFIBUS for Process Automation, Verwer Training & Consultancy Ltd, February 2014
Connection Technologies
PROFIBUS DP uses 2-core RS485
screened twisted pair wiring.
9-pin sub-D or M12 connectors
extensively used.
DP can also use plastic or glass fibre
optic cabling.
BFOC (ST) connectors widely used
PROFIBUS PA uses “Manchester Bus
Powered” (MBP) cabling over 2 cores.
Glanded screw or M12 connection
normally used
PROFINET uses 4-core Ethernet
sreened twisted pair cabling.
RJ45 or M12 connectors
universally used.
Page 10Introduction to PROFIBUS for Process Automation, Verwer Training & Consultancy Ltd, February 2014
Application areas
Manufacturing Automation
Car manufacturing
Bottling systems
Storage systems
Building Automation
Traffic automation
Heating, air-conditioning
Process Automation
Water and sewage treatment
Chemical and petrochemical plants
Paper and textile industries
Power industry and power distribution
Power plants
Switchgear
Functional safety systems
High reliability systems
Redundancy.
Car manufacture
Water Treatment
and sewage
Bottling Plants
Building
Automation
Pipelines
Paper and Printing
Industry
Food Industry
Precious
metals
recovery Polymer production
and Storage
Brewing
industry
6. Page 11Introduction to PROFIBUS for Process Automation, Verwer Training & Consultancy Ltd, February 2014
The PROFIBUS family
PROFIBUS DP
RS485 PROFIBUS PA - MBP
DP
cells
Actuators Drives TransmittersControl
valves
Remote
I/O
Sensors
TCP/IP
Ethernet
Exi
HMI
Field level
Cell/control level
Factory/plant level
High speed,
modest data
Demanding tasks,
extensive data
PLC
PC
DP/PA coupler
Master
Slaves
Page 12Introduction to PROFIBUS for Process Automation, Verwer Training & Consultancy Ltd, February 2014
The PROFIBUS family
PROFIBUS DP PROFIBUS PA
DP
cells
Actuators Drives TransmittersControl
valves
Remote
I/O
Sensors
TCP/IP
Ethernet
Exi
Field level
Cell/control level
Factory/plant level
High speed,
modest data
Demanding tasks,
extensive data
PLC
PC
PROFInet
Other
fieldbus
networks
AS-i
HMI
7. Page 13Introduction to PROFIBUS for Process Automation, Verwer Training & Consultancy Ltd, February 2014
Class-2
master
Class-1
master
Levels of Access
Operator Manager
Control
Drives Instruments ValvesActuators
Engineer
Ethernet
PROFIBUS DP PROFIBUS PA
Monitoring Engineering
Page 14Introduction to PROFIBUS for Process Automation, Verwer Training & Consultancy Ltd, February 2014
Levels of Access
Control
Requires regular cyclic update of process values.
Deterministic timing (not necessarily fast).
The most important – cannot be interrupted!
Monitoring
Not necessarily regularly updated (cyclic or acyclic).
Interruptions can be tolerated.
Engineering
Active only when required (acyclic).
Non-deterministic communication OK.
But must not interrupt the above!
8. Page 15Introduction to PROFIBUS for Process Automation, Verwer Training & Consultancy Ltd, February 2014
Class-1 Masters
The Class-1 master is responsible for cyclic or regular data
exchange. This provides all process values for control and
monitoring.
The Class-1 master must be configured to communicate
with the slaves.
Configuration is normally carried out using a proprietary
software tool supplied for the PROFIBUS master station.
All PROFIBUS equipment suppliers provide standard
General Station Description or GSD files.
GSD files can be read by the configuration tool to provide
detailed information on the devices being used on the bus.
GSD files make integration of devices from different
vendors in a bus system simple.
Page 16Introduction to PROFIBUS for Process Automation, Verwer Training & Consultancy Ltd, February 2014
Class-2 Masters
Class-2 masters can be used to access management
and engineering information from devices (acyclic
data).
This is particularly important in PA systems where
extensive device information can be accessed in a
standardised way.
Class-2 masters do not need configuration, however,
they do need information on the devices that are to be
accessed.
This information can be provided in two different
ways:
Electronic Device Descrition (EDD) files.
Device Type Manager (DTM) software.
9. Page 17Introduction to PROFIBUS for Process Automation, Verwer Training & Consultancy Ltd, February 2014
The PA Profile
The PROFIBUS PA Profile provides a mandatory
specification for all PA devices.
Defines the data formatting and device functions.
The Process Value is always communicated in a
standardised format:
Standard floating point format for analogue values.
Standard digital format for discrete values.
Plus a standardised status value which encodes the
quality of the measurement (good, bad, usable etc.)
The profile also specifies mandatory device
parameters so that standardised tools can be used to
access this data with any manufacturer’s devices.
Page 18Introduction to PROFIBUS for Process Automation, Verwer Training & Consultancy Ltd, February 2014
Benefits of
PROFIBUS/PROFINET
Totally standardised and interoperable.
Choose best of breed devices.
Ensures compatibility.
Protects your investment.
Flexible connection technologies.
Systems for internal or external use
Saves wiring – but things often go wrong!
Training in design and installation is essential.
Levels of access.
Control & monitoring.
Engineering and management information.
10. Page 19Introduction to PROFIBUS for Process Automation, Verwer Training & Consultancy Ltd, February 2014
Training
A wide range of PROFIBUS and PROFINET training
is available including:
Certified Installer Courses
basic courses for anyone involved in PROFIBUS or
PROFINET technology
Commissioning & Maintenance training
Practical troubleshooting for PROFIBUS & PROFINET.
Certified PROFIBUS or PROFINET Engineer
In depth training for experts.
System Design Course
Covers essential and optimal design of all networked control
and automation systems
Page 20Introduction to PROFIBUS for Process Automation, Verwer Training & Consultancy Ltd, February 2014
Training
Certified PROFIBUS and PROFINET training is
available from the UK’s accredited training centres:
PROFIBUS International Competence Centre
Manchester Metropolitan University.
• in Manchester, or a location of your choice.
• (www.sci-eng.mmu.ac.uk/ascent/).
PROFIBUS International Training Centre
Verwer Training & Consultancy Ltd
• On-site training.
• (www.VerwerTraining.com)