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Introduction to
piping fittings and
components.
BY MOBIN VARGHESE
PIPING:
 ASSEMBLY OF STRAIGHT AND BENT PIPES, FITTINGS, GASKETS, VALVES
AND OTHER COMPONENTS. It also includes pipe supporting elements
and insulation.
 It does not Include piping structure, equipment and instruments.
 Pipe is a term to designate a hollow, tubular body used to transport
any commodity possessing flow characteristics such as those found
in liquid, gas, vapour, slurry, fine powder and bubbly liquids.
Difference between tubes and
pipes.
Sr. no. PIPES TUBES
1. Pipes are specified by nominal bore
(NB)
Tubes are specified by outside diameter.
2. Wall Thickness is express in schedule. Wall Thickness is expressed in BWG
(Birmingham Wire Gauge)
3. Available in small bore as well as big
bore.
Available in small bore only.
4. Used in all process &utilities line Generally used in tracing lines.
5. The outside dia of pipe goes up to
12”
The outside dia of tubes remains
numerically equal .
Difference between tubes and
pipes.
TUBES PIPES
TECHNICAL TERMS FOR PIPES.
 PIPING CLASS :
ASSEMBLY OF PIPING COMPONENTS, SUITABLE FOR A DEFINED
SERVICES AND DESIGN LIMITS IN A PIPING SYSTEM.
 PIPE SIZING :
PIPE IS IDENTIFIED BY THREE DIFFERENT SIZE CATAGORIES :
NOMINAL PIPE SIZE (NPS), OUTSIDE DIAMETER(OD) AND
NOMINAL BORE (NB).
 PIPE WALL THICKNESS :
THE THICKNESS OF THE METAL USED TO MAKE THE PIPE.
 PIPE LENGTH :
AVAILABLE PIPE LENGTHS IN MARKET AS SRL (SINGLE RANDOM
LENGTH)
PIPING SIZE
NPS(INCH) NB(mm) OD(mm)
1/2 15 21.3
3/4 20 26.7
1 25 33.4
1-1/2 40 48.3
2 50 60.3
3 80 88.9
4 100 114
6 150 168
8 200 219
10 250 273
12 300 324
HERE ARE SOME OF THE PIPE SIZES THAT CAN BE FOUND USUALLY MANUFACTURED IN THE
INDUSTRY
TECHNICAL TERMS FOR PIPES.
 PIPE ENDS :
DEPENDING ON THE SIZE OF THE PIPES, MATERIAL OF THE PIPE.
 PIPE JOINING METHODS :
THERE ARE DIFFERENT JOING METHODS FOR PIPES :
PIPE JOINING METHODS.
 BUTT WELDED :
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
• MOST ECONOMICAL JOINING
METHOD FOR BIG LINES
• JOINT IS LEAK PROOF
• WELD INTRUSIONS WILL AFFECT
THE FLOW
• END PREPARATION IS
NECESSARY
PIPE JOINING METHODS
 SOCKET WELDED
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
• ALLIGNMENT IS EASIER
• NO INTRUSION OF WELD
• LEAK PROOF
• NOT SUITABLE IF THE FLUID IS
CORROSIVE IN NATURE
• NOT SUITABLE IF VIBRATION IS
ANTICEPATED.
PIPE JOINING METHODS
 SCREWED
ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE
• EASY TO MAKE AT SITE.
• CAN BE USED WHERE WELDING
IS PROHOBITED DUE TO FIRE
HAZARD.
• LEAK PROOF JOINT CANNOT BE
GUARANTEED
• NOT SUITABLE WHEN SERVICE
FLUID IS CORROSIVE IN NATURE
• NOT SUITABLE WHEN VIBRATION
IS ANTICIPATED
• NOT SUITABLE WHEN TEMP IS
ABOVE 925 F/ 500C
• THE THREAD REDUCES THE WALL
THICKNESS CONSEQUENTLY
REDUCES THE STRENGTH.
PIPE JOINING METHODS
 FLANGED METHOD
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
• EASY TO MAKE AT SITE.
• CAN BE USED WHERE WELDING
IS PROHOBITED
• DISMANTLING IS VERY EASY.
• LEAK PROOF JOINT CANNOT BE
GUARANTEED
• IT IS AN EXPENSIVE METHOD.
• NOT SUITABLE WHEN HIGH
BENDING MOMENT IS
ANTICIPATED.
QUESTION ROUND!!
THANK YOU!

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Introduction to piping fittings and components

  • 1. Introduction to piping fittings and components. BY MOBIN VARGHESE
  • 2. PIPING:  ASSEMBLY OF STRAIGHT AND BENT PIPES, FITTINGS, GASKETS, VALVES AND OTHER COMPONENTS. It also includes pipe supporting elements and insulation.  It does not Include piping structure, equipment and instruments.  Pipe is a term to designate a hollow, tubular body used to transport any commodity possessing flow characteristics such as those found in liquid, gas, vapour, slurry, fine powder and bubbly liquids.
  • 3. Difference between tubes and pipes. Sr. no. PIPES TUBES 1. Pipes are specified by nominal bore (NB) Tubes are specified by outside diameter. 2. Wall Thickness is express in schedule. Wall Thickness is expressed in BWG (Birmingham Wire Gauge) 3. Available in small bore as well as big bore. Available in small bore only. 4. Used in all process &utilities line Generally used in tracing lines. 5. The outside dia of pipe goes up to 12” The outside dia of tubes remains numerically equal .
  • 4. Difference between tubes and pipes. TUBES PIPES
  • 5. TECHNICAL TERMS FOR PIPES.  PIPING CLASS : ASSEMBLY OF PIPING COMPONENTS, SUITABLE FOR A DEFINED SERVICES AND DESIGN LIMITS IN A PIPING SYSTEM.  PIPE SIZING : PIPE IS IDENTIFIED BY THREE DIFFERENT SIZE CATAGORIES : NOMINAL PIPE SIZE (NPS), OUTSIDE DIAMETER(OD) AND NOMINAL BORE (NB).  PIPE WALL THICKNESS : THE THICKNESS OF THE METAL USED TO MAKE THE PIPE.  PIPE LENGTH : AVAILABLE PIPE LENGTHS IN MARKET AS SRL (SINGLE RANDOM LENGTH)
  • 6. PIPING SIZE NPS(INCH) NB(mm) OD(mm) 1/2 15 21.3 3/4 20 26.7 1 25 33.4 1-1/2 40 48.3 2 50 60.3 3 80 88.9 4 100 114 6 150 168 8 200 219 10 250 273 12 300 324 HERE ARE SOME OF THE PIPE SIZES THAT CAN BE FOUND USUALLY MANUFACTURED IN THE INDUSTRY
  • 7. TECHNICAL TERMS FOR PIPES.  PIPE ENDS : DEPENDING ON THE SIZE OF THE PIPES, MATERIAL OF THE PIPE.  PIPE JOINING METHODS : THERE ARE DIFFERENT JOING METHODS FOR PIPES :
  • 8. PIPE JOINING METHODS.  BUTT WELDED : ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES • MOST ECONOMICAL JOINING METHOD FOR BIG LINES • JOINT IS LEAK PROOF • WELD INTRUSIONS WILL AFFECT THE FLOW • END PREPARATION IS NECESSARY
  • 9. PIPE JOINING METHODS  SOCKET WELDED ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES • ALLIGNMENT IS EASIER • NO INTRUSION OF WELD • LEAK PROOF • NOT SUITABLE IF THE FLUID IS CORROSIVE IN NATURE • NOT SUITABLE IF VIBRATION IS ANTICEPATED.
  • 10. PIPE JOINING METHODS  SCREWED ADVANTAGE DISADVANTAGE • EASY TO MAKE AT SITE. • CAN BE USED WHERE WELDING IS PROHOBITED DUE TO FIRE HAZARD. • LEAK PROOF JOINT CANNOT BE GUARANTEED • NOT SUITABLE WHEN SERVICE FLUID IS CORROSIVE IN NATURE • NOT SUITABLE WHEN VIBRATION IS ANTICIPATED • NOT SUITABLE WHEN TEMP IS ABOVE 925 F/ 500C • THE THREAD REDUCES THE WALL THICKNESS CONSEQUENTLY REDUCES THE STRENGTH.
  • 11. PIPE JOINING METHODS  FLANGED METHOD ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES • EASY TO MAKE AT SITE. • CAN BE USED WHERE WELDING IS PROHOBITED • DISMANTLING IS VERY EASY. • LEAK PROOF JOINT CANNOT BE GUARANTEED • IT IS AN EXPENSIVE METHOD. • NOT SUITABLE WHEN HIGH BENDING MOMENT IS ANTICIPATED.