Photoshop is an image editing program developed by Adobe that allows users to create and manipulate images. It was created in 1987 by Thomas Knoll as a program called Display to view grayscale images on a Macintosh computer. Photoshop uses layers to allow independent editing of image elements without affecting other parts. Common file formats include PSD, JPG, PNG, EPS and TIFF.

1. Introduction to Adobe
Photoshop

2. Photoshop
• Is a graphics editing program developed
and published by Adobe Systems.
• It is an image-editing program that lets
one create original artwork, manipulate
color images, and retouch photographs.

3. Early History
• In 1987, Thomas Knoll, a PHD student at the
University of Michigan began writing a
program on his Macintosh Plus to display
grayscale images on a monochrome display.
This program, called Display, caught the
attention of his brother John Knoll, an
Industrial Light & Magic employee, who
recommended that Thomas turn it into a
full-fledged image editing program. Later on,
Thomas renamed his program Photoshop.

4. Image file formats
Adobe file formats
.PSD and .PDD – these file formats are exclusive to Photoshop and
Photoshop Elements.
.PDF and .PDP – “Portable Document Format” is the file format
commonly used for sharing documents over the internet due to it’s
flexibility and widespread compatibility.
File format suitable for the Web
CompuServe GIF (.GIF) – GIF or “Graphic Interchange Format”, is a
file format that saves images in 256 or fewer colors.
JPEG (.JPG, .JPEG, .JPE) – an acronym for “Joint Photographic
Experts Group”, it is most useful for saving photographs and other
continuous-tone images.
PNG (.PNG) – “Portable Network Graphics”, is a file format that was
developed as an alternative to GIF and intended for web usage.

5. Image file formats
Print and other file formats
Photoshop EPS (.EPS) – “Encapsulated PostScript”, allows files to be
shared with most graphics, illustration and page-layout programs.
.BMP – Bitmap, a standard image format used for Windows-compatible
machines, allows you to set the color depth.
PICT (.PCT AND .PICT) – the standard image format for Macintosh
environments.
.PCX – is a bitmap file format widely supported on both Windows-
compatible and Macintosh machines.
TIFF (.TIF) – “Tagged-Image File Format”, is a flexible bitmap file
format supported by most graphics and page-layout programs.
Pixar (.PXR) –developed and named after the Pixar computer
technology used in the making of the movie Toy Story.
TGA (.TGA, .VDA, .ICB, .VST) – “Targa”, is designed for systems using
the Truevision video board.

6. Photoshop Interface

7. Photoshop Interface
a. Menu Bar – It displays menus for the various commands available in
Photoshop.
b. Options Bar – It allows you to configure the options for a tool you
selected.
c. Title Bar – It displays the name of the image file, the magnification
at which the image is being viewed.

8. Photoshop interface
d. Toolbox–
It contains
all the tools
you need for
working on
images,
including
selection,
drawing and
painting,
correction,
and
navigation
tools.
e. Palettes–
Each palettes
has different
functions to
help you
monitor and
modify images
f. Active image
area– This is
the area where
the current
active images is
displayed.

9. toolbox

10. Understanding Pixel and Resolution
PIXEL
- It is the smallest unit in an image
- short for “picture elements”
* Try to zoom a picture, you will see that the image is composed
of small squares.
RESOLUTION
- Image resolution refers to how compactly pixels are packed in an
image. Image resolution is measured in pixels per inch (ppi).
-The higher the resolution, the more pixels there are in the image,
and the better the quality of the image.

11. Color Mode
• A color mode determines the color model used
to display and print images. Common models
include HSB(hue, saturations, brightness); RGB
(red, green, blue); CMYK(cyan, magenta, yellow,
key or black).
• RGB color mode is best used for web display
while the CMYK color mode is commonly used
for print materials.

12. Resizing Images and Size Guide
Type of Picture Size in Pixels
Background 1024 x 768
Standard personal picture of
yourself for a personal website
200 x 200
Title bar e.g. Google title bar on
the Google homepage
276 x 110
14 x 10 inches picture to be
resize in a 7 x 5
1008 x 720

13. Photoshop layers
Layers are a very important part of graphics work. A photoshop
image file (.psd) can be made up of numerous independent layers
which are overlaid on top of each other.
The main thing to note about layers is that each layer can be edited
without affecting any other layer.

14. Advantages of working with layers
You can separate parts of the image and edit them without affecting other
parts of the image.
You can use layers as guides or reference without including them in the final
image (just make them transparent before saving the image).
You can safely import new images to add to the composition. Move the new
image around, resize it and do whatever you like without damaging the original
image.
You can create multiple versions of a layer and experiment with different
effects. You might like to keep an original image and make a separate layer to
work with, so you always have the original image layer to fall back on.
You can apply filters and effects to layers independently, e.g. drop-shadow,
colour adjustments, etc.

15. Shortcut keys
• Ctrl+O – to open images
• Ctrl+S – Save
• Ctrl+N – Create a New File
• Shift+Ctrl+N – Creating New Layer
• Ctrl+T – Resize image (Hold down Shift key
and resize the image)
• Ctrl+C – Copy
• Ctrl+V – Paste
• Ctrl+Alt+Z – Undo
• Ctrl+J – Duplicate an image/layer