The document provides an overview of MongoDB, a NoSQL document database, emphasizing its advantages over traditional relational databases. It describes key concepts like BSON, document storage, data retrieval, and operations such as inserting and updating records, using a blog application as an example. Additionally, it lists MongoDB drivers and tools, along with suggested resources for further learning.

1. Build innovative modern applications that
create a competitive advantage.

2. Hossein Boustani
Developer
@engboustani

3. Introducing
• MongoDB is an open-source, document database designed for ease
of development and scaling.

4. Database Types
RDBMS
(Relational Database
Management System)
SQL Server, Mysql, Oracle
NoSQL
(Non-relational
Operational Stores)
MangoDB, Cassandra, Redis

5. Document-oriented database
• Document-oriented databases are inherently a subclass of the
key-value store, another NoSQL database concept.
• Document databases contrast strongly with the traditional relational
database (RDB):
• Relational databases generally store data in separate tables that are defined
by the programmer, and a single object may be spread across several tables.
• Document databases store all information for a given object in a single
instance in the database, and every stored object can be different from every
other.

6. Database Landscape
Memcached
MongoDB
RDBMS
Depth of Functionality
Scalability&Performance

7. Terminology
RDBMS MongoDB
Table, View Collection
Row Document
Index Index
Join Embedded Document
Foreign Key Reference
Partition Shard

8. Features
• Documents are stored in BSON (binary JSON)
• Rich, javascript-based query syntax
• Allows us to deep, nested queries
• Efficient binary large object store via GridFS
• i.e. store images, videos, anything

9. Let’s Build a Blog with MongoDB
• Entities in our Blogging System:
• Users
• Articles
• Comments
• Tags
• Categories

10. Typical (relational) ERD
Category
• Name
• URL
Tag
• Name
• URL
Comment
• Comment
• Date
• Author
User
• Name
• Email Address
Article
• Name
• Slug
• Publish Date
• Text

11. MongoDB ERD
Article
• Name
• Slug
• Publish Date
• Text
• Author
Comment[]
• Comment
• Date
• Author
Tag[]
• Value
Category[]
• Value
User
• Name
• Email Address

12. BSON
• BSON is a computer data interchange format used mainly as a data
storage and network transfer format in the MongoDB database. It is a
binary form for representing simple data structures, associative
arrays (called objects or documents in MongoDB), and various data
types of specific interest to MongoDB. The name "BSON" is based on
the term JSON and stands for "Binary JSON".

13. Start with an object (or array, hash, dict, etc)
> var user = {
username: ‘eng.boustani’,
first_name: ‘Hossein’,
last_name: ‘Boustani’
}

14. Insert the Record
> db
test
> use blog
switched to db blog
// syntax is db.<collection>.<command>
> db.users.insert(user)

15. Retrieve the Record again
// get one document (don’t care which one)
> db.users.findOne()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("50804d0bd94ccab2da652599"),
"username" : "eng.boustani",
"first_name" : "Hossein",
"last_name" : "Boustani"
}

16. _id
• _id is the primary key in MongoDB
• Any unique immutable value could be used
• Automatically created as an ObjectId if not provided
• Automatically indexed

17. ObjectId
• ObjectId is a special 12 byte value
• Guaranteed to be unique across your cluster
• ObjectId("50804d0bd94ccab2da652599")
ts mac pid inc

18. Creating a Blog Article
> db.articles.insert({
title: ‘Hello World’,
body: ‘This is my first blog post’,
date: new Date(‘2013-06-20’),
username: ‘eng.boustani’,
tags: [‘adventure’, ‘mongodb’],
comments: [ ]
})

19. Finding the Article
> db.articles.find().pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("51c3bafafbd5d7261b4cdb5a"),
"title" : "Hello World",
"body" : "This is my first blog post",
"date" : ISODate("2013-06-20T00:00:00Z"),
"username" : "eng.boustani",
"tags" : [ "adventure", "mongodb"],
"comments" : [ ]
}

20. Finding the Article
> db.articles.find({
_id : ObjectId("51c3bafafbd5d7261b4cdb5a")
}).pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("51c3bafafbd5d7261b4cdb5a"),
"title" : "Hello World",
"body" : "This is my first blog post",
"date" : ISODate("2013-06-20T00:00:00Z"),
"username" : "eng.boustani",
"tags" : [ "adventure", "mongodb"],
"comments" : [ ]
}

21. Querying An Array
> db.articles.find({ tags : ‘adventure’ }).pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("51c3bafafbd5d7261b4cdb5a"),
"title" : "Hello World",
"body" : "This is my first blog post",
"date" : ISODate("2013-06-20T00:00:00Z"),
"username" : "eng.boustani",
"tags" : [ "adventure", "mongodb"],
"comments" : [ ]
}

22. Using Update to Add a Comment
// the syntax is: update( what, how)
> db.articles.update({
_id: ObjectId("51c3bcddfbd5d7261b4cdb5b")
}, {
"$push" : {
"comments" : {
"name" : "Asghar Sohrabi",
"comment" : "Awesome Post"
}
})

23. Article with Comment Embedded
> db.articles.find({ username: "eng.boustani" }).pretty()
{
"_id" : ObjectId("51c3bcddfbd5d7261b4cdb5b"),
"body" : "This is my first blog post",
"comments" : [
{
"name" : "Asghar Sohrabi",
"comment" : "Awesome Post"
}
],
"date" : ISODate("2013-06-20T00:00:00Z"),
"tags" : ["adventure", "mongodb"],
"title" : "Hello World",
"username" : "eng.boustani"
}

24. Remove Comments / Articles
// remove comment with $pull
> var last_comment = {
"name" : "Asghar Sohrabi",
"comment" : "Awesome Post"
}
> db.articles.update({
_id: ObjectId("51c3bcddfbd5d7261b4cdb5b")
}, {
$pull : { comments: last_comment }
})
// remove article
> db.articles.remove({
_id: ObjectId("51c3bcddfbd5d7261b4cdb5b")
})

25. MongoDB Drivers
• MongoDB has native bindings for over 12 languages

26. MongoDB Tools
• Robomongo
• MongoDB Compass
• MongoDB Cloud Manager
• MongoMonitor

27. Some Companies using MongoDB

28. Book
MongoDB: The Definitive Guide
Kristina Chodorow

29. Book
MongoDB and Python
Niall O'Higgins

30. Book
PHP and MongoDB Web
Development
Rubayeet Islam

31. Resources
• mongodb.org
• tutorialspoint.com/mongodb/
• github.com/mongodb/

32. Question?

33. Thank You
Your time is limited, so don’t waste it
Living someone else’s life
-Steve Jobs