The document discusses some of the pros and cons of using microservices compared to monolithic applications. Some advantages of microservices include that they are simpler to develop, allow for faster build and deployment times, enable more scalable development with empowered teams, and provide more freedom to try different technologies. Some challenges of microservices include that they have complex operations and distribution, require managing multiple databases and transactions, are harder to test as distributed systems, and require coordination when changes affect multiple services.