The document provides information about the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) including:
ICD is the global standard for diagnostic classification and coding of diseases, injuries, and causes of death. It allows for consistent recording and comparison of health data worldwide. ICD-10 provides greater specificity than previous versions with over 68,000 codes to capture detailed clinical information. The document outlines the purpose, history, and structure of ICD codes as well as differences between ICD-9 and ICD-10.
How can ICD-11 possibly help you enhancing your casemix ?
What Can ICD11 offer systematically?
A systematic meaningful integrated system of clinical conditions - (not only for DRGs … )
Better clinical description
Better severity grading
Better coding of co-morbidity
Inherent functional information (key ICF classes)
Integrated information system between ICD, ICF, ICHI
Deconstructing Diagnosis into subgroups
Computerized information processing
Healthcare is a major part of every country's development platform. By healthcare we are in fact protecting the most important driver of development. Healthcare systems are primarily safe guarding the development core engine and are the best means of sustainable development.
http://cpc.certifiedcodertraining.com/index.php/what-is-medical-coding | Curious about the field of Medical Coding? Certified Coder presents a brief overview of Medical Coding and why it is important.
introduction to ICD 10 course ,presented according to the health offices computerization under the supervision of the national information center -Ministry of health and population.
ICD-10 is an unknown terrain that the country is going toward. No one knows what to expect. Some expect productivity to decrease by as much as 50% due to its implementation. Some predict this new system will result in a shortage of coders. Is any of this true? This presentation will investigate the impacts – both foreseen and unforeseen – that ICD-10 implementation will have on radiology billing companies and radiology groups.
The transition to ICD-10 will affect several areas within your hospital, which means changes for most of your staff.
Areas include:
IT Systems Changes
Staff Education and Training
Business Process and Documentation Changes
Changes in Super-Bills Charges
Increased Documentation Costs
Cash Flow Disruptions
Reporting Changes
The ICD-10 Impacts presentation describes these changes and what they mean for your organization.
Use this presentation to educate and prepare your staff for the impacts of the new coding system so they are ready for the transition and the changes they will experience when the October 1, 2014 deadline hits.
Download the presentation here: http://bit.ly/13JjgG9
EMR ICD Coding and training for staff of medical recordsSrishti Bhardwaj
Computerization of medical Record;
Electronic medical record (EMR),
advantages of EMR,
ICD coding system :
application of ICD,
Minimum recording standards – training for staff and caregivers
ICD-10-CM is the United States’ clinical modification of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) International Classification of Diseases (ICD) Tenth Revision. It is used to classify diseases and causes of illness recorded on health records, claims, and other vital information.
The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) will require covered entities (i.e., health plans, health care providers, and health care clearinghouses) that conduct electronic HIPAA standard transactions to move from ICD-9 to the next generation ICD-10 code sets by October 1, 2015.
How can ICD-11 possibly help you enhancing your casemix ?
What Can ICD11 offer systematically?
A systematic meaningful integrated system of clinical conditions - (not only for DRGs … )
Better clinical description
Better severity grading
Better coding of co-morbidity
Inherent functional information (key ICF classes)
Integrated information system between ICD, ICF, ICHI
Deconstructing Diagnosis into subgroups
Computerized information processing
Healthcare is a major part of every country's development platform. By healthcare we are in fact protecting the most important driver of development. Healthcare systems are primarily safe guarding the development core engine and are the best means of sustainable development.
http://cpc.certifiedcodertraining.com/index.php/what-is-medical-coding | Curious about the field of Medical Coding? Certified Coder presents a brief overview of Medical Coding and why it is important.
introduction to ICD 10 course ,presented according to the health offices computerization under the supervision of the national information center -Ministry of health and population.
ICD-10 is an unknown terrain that the country is going toward. No one knows what to expect. Some expect productivity to decrease by as much as 50% due to its implementation. Some predict this new system will result in a shortage of coders. Is any of this true? This presentation will investigate the impacts – both foreseen and unforeseen – that ICD-10 implementation will have on radiology billing companies and radiology groups.
The transition to ICD-10 will affect several areas within your hospital, which means changes for most of your staff.
Areas include:
IT Systems Changes
Staff Education and Training
Business Process and Documentation Changes
Changes in Super-Bills Charges
Increased Documentation Costs
Cash Flow Disruptions
Reporting Changes
The ICD-10 Impacts presentation describes these changes and what they mean for your organization.
Use this presentation to educate and prepare your staff for the impacts of the new coding system so they are ready for the transition and the changes they will experience when the October 1, 2014 deadline hits.
Download the presentation here: http://bit.ly/13JjgG9
EMR ICD Coding and training for staff of medical recordsSrishti Bhardwaj
Computerization of medical Record;
Electronic medical record (EMR),
advantages of EMR,
ICD coding system :
application of ICD,
Minimum recording standards – training for staff and caregivers
ICD-10-CM is the United States’ clinical modification of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) International Classification of Diseases (ICD) Tenth Revision. It is used to classify diseases and causes of illness recorded on health records, claims, and other vital information.
The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) will require covered entities (i.e., health plans, health care providers, and health care clearinghouses) that conduct electronic HIPAA standard transactions to move from ICD-9 to the next generation ICD-10 code sets by October 1, 2015.
ICD-11 brings significant changes. Coders and HIM professionals need to be aware of those changes to best prepare their organizations for a smooth transition. Here’s what we know and what you can expect: https://www.agshealth.com/blog/overview-of-icd11/
International classification of disease and International non-proprietary nam...JAYANTHBM
This slideshare give you a knowledge about international classification of diseases and international non-proprietary names of drugs. And also about the guidelines how they classify the disease and where we can find this type of classification and what is its primary use and who use this type of classification and use of non-proprietary names.
International classification of diseases (ICD) is managed by world health organization (WHO). It is globally used diagnostic tool for epidemiology, health management and clinical purposes.
The World Health Organization (WHO) released the new International Classification of Disease (ICD-11) which would come into effect in January 2022. This document takes a closer look at revisions made to the document and its possible impact on healthcare payers.
"ICD allows the counting of diseases, injuries, symptoms, reasons for encounter, factors that influence health status, and external causes of disease and death, such as accidents."
ICD-10 is a statistical classification, which means that it contains a limited number of mutually exclusive code categories, which describe all disease concepts.
ICD 11 The Next Generation of International Classification of Diseases.pdfFaruk Chougule
ICD 11: The Next Generation of International Classification of Diseases
Meta Description:Learn everything there is to know about ICD 11, the most recent iteration of the International Classification of Diseases, and how it is revolutionising healthcare and medical coding. Examine its attributes, advantages, and effects on the healthcare sector.
Introduction
In the world of healthcare, accurate and standardized coding of diseases, disorders, and medical conditions is crucial for effective patient care, research, and data analysis. The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) plays a fundamental role in this process, providing a globally accepted framework for classifying health conditions. The latest iteration, ICD 11, represents a significant leap forward in medical coding, ensuring improved accuracy, granularity, and adaptability for modern healthcare systems.
ICD 11: What is it?
For efficient patient care, research, and data analysis in the healthcare industry, precise and standardised coding of illnesses, disorders, and medical conditions is essential. This procedure is fundamentally aided by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), which offers a universally recognised framework for categorising medical diseases. ICD 11, the most recent version, is a major improvement over previous iterations in terms of accuracy, granularity, and adaptation to contemporary healthcare systems.
A Brief History
The ICD was created in the middle of the 19th century when it was clear that illness classification needed to be standardized. Every iteration of the system throughout the years has brought about developments and improvements in medical coding. The most recent accomplishment in this path is ICD 11, which was released in 2018.
Key Features of ICD 11
ICD 11 adds a number of crucial characteristics that distinguish it from its forerunners. The following aspects are intended to improve the categorization system's usefulness and accuracy:
1. Foundation on Scientific Evidence
ICD 11 is based on a solid body of scientific data that takes into account the most recent advancements in medical understanding and research. By using an evidence-based methodology, the categorization is kept current and applicable to modern medical practise.
2.Structure with Multiple Dimensions
ICD 11 uses a multidimensional framework, in contrast to earlier iterations, encompassing numerous facets of medical diseases. With this framework, illnesses may be understood more thoroughly, taking into account things like anatomical location, severity, and etiology.
3. Simplified Terminology
The vocabulary used in ICD 11 is straightforward and approachable, making it simpler for healthcare practitioners to understand and utilise the categorization system effectively. Additionally encouraging improved communication among medical professionals globally is the intuitive language.
4. Enhanced Digital Features
ICD 11 includes improved digital capabilities in line with th
The clinical case study of a patient with advanced COPD who has multiple comorbid conditions and develops sepsis provideD the backdrop for two potential clinical pathways—sepsis and post-sepsis syndrome.
AHIMA ICD-10 ICD-11 switch to ICD-10-CM in the USA; Bedirhan Ustun
Switching to ICD-10-CM and ICD revision in the USA. This presentation was made at AHIMA conference in 2011. Now ICD 11 is scheduled in 2017 and ICD-10-CM can be made as a National Linearization.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
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Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
1. .
METTU UNIVERSITY
COLLAGE OF HEALTH SCIENCE
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH INFORMATICS
CHAPTER TWO
HEALTHCARE CODE SET AND CLASSIFICATION :ICD
NAOL G.(BSC HI)
2013 E.C
2. Objective
• At the end of this lesson student will understand
definition of ICD
Purpose and limitation of ICD
Different version of ICD
Comparison between different versions of ICD
Nomenclature of ICD-10
ICD-10 chapters and blocks
4. What is ICD?
• ICD stands for the International Classification of Disease.
• The ICD provides a method of classifying diseases, injuries, and
causes of death.
• It is the diagnostic classification standard for all clinical and research
purposes.
• The World Health Organization (WHO) publishes the ICDs to
standardize the methods of recording and tracking instances of
diagnosed disease all over the world, making it possible to conduct
research on diseases, their causes, and their treatments.
5. What is ICD?
• ICD is an international uniform standard for reporting diseases and
health conditions.
• ICD incorporates different factors influencing health, including
external causes of morbidity and mortality.
• ICD defines the various patterns of infectious, communicable, and
non-communicable diseases followed by disorders, injuries and
numerous health disability in a systematic way.
• Determining the risk factors that have negative impacts on health.
6. Different Versions of ICD
• ICD has a different version from first until ICD-11.
• The first version of International Statistical Classification of Diseases,
Injuries and Causes of Death (ICD) was produced in 1940.
• WHO published the 6th version of ICD i.e. ICD-6 in 1948, which
included morbidity for the 1st.
• Currently, ICD-10 is in practice. It was endorsed in 1990 by 43rd
World Health Assembly (WHA).
• In near future, ICD-11 will be in practice.
• ICD-11 was recently released on 18 June 2018. However, reporting
using ICD-11 will only start from 1 January 2022.
7. Why ICD classification is needed?
• Classification or Sorting of disease is needed due to the following
facts:
Determines the natural cause of the disease mechanism in a human
body.
Determines the exact problem and solution of the disease.
Determines the normal stages and the critical stage of the disease
Formulation of health statistics. ICD is the bedrock for health
statistics.
8. Cont.…
• Concludes the risk factors of the illness.
• Calculates the prevalence and incidence rate, which ultimately helps to
develop mitigating measures against the disease.
• Helps to categorize vulnerable disease.
• Determines the health cost and resources required to combat disease.
• Critical analysis of the disease based on the severity.
9. How are Diseases Classified in ICD?
• The diseases are categorized:
On the basis of Disease
Body system or region Abdominal disease ,Gastrointestinal
disease
Anatomic Lung disease ,Liver disease
Function Metabolic disease
Pathological/ nature of the disease process Inflammatory disease Tumors formation
Etiologic/ cause Bacterial infection
Epidemiology Epidemic disease
Statistical High prevalence and incidence rate
disease.
10. Purpose of ICD
• International Classification of Disease has multi-dimensional purpose
and usage.
The ICD is used to translate diagnoses of diseases and other health
problems from words into an alphanumeric code, which permits easy
storage, retrieval and analysis of the data.
is to permit the systematic recording, analysis, interpretation and
comparison of mortality and morbidity data collected in different
countries or areas and at different times.
ICD is the world’s standard tool to capture mortality and morbidity
data.
11. Purpose of ICD
It organizes health information that is used for statistics and
epidemiology, health care management, allocation of resources,
monitoring and evaluation, research, primary care, prevention and
treatment.
It helps to provide a picture of the general health situation of the
country and population.
ICD is used world-wide for morbidity and mortality statistics,
reimbursement systems and automated decision support in medicine.
12. Limitation of ICD
Escalation of code:
• The rapid growth of ICD codes has made people puzzled, as there are;
intense variations and many people are unaware of all codes due to the
formulation of excessive codes in every interval.
Denials:
• The cost-saving measures with ICD-10 have a provision of paying less
to a health provider.
• Therefore, it can lead to physicians spending more time on coding,
and eventually less time on actually being paid.
13. Types of classification
• The WHO Family of International Classifications(WHO-FIC) attempts
to serve as the framework of international standards to provide the
building blocks of health information systems.
The types of classifications in the WHO-FIC.
1.Reference classifications
2.Derived classifications
3.Related classifications
14. 1.Reference classifications
• These are the classifications that cover the main parameters of the
health system, such as death, disease, functioning, disability, health
and health interventions.
• WHO reference classifications are a product of international
agreements.
• They have achieved broad acceptance and official agreement for use
and are approved and recommended as guidelines for international
reporting on health.
• They may be used as models for the development or revision of other
classifications with respect to both the structure and the character and
definition of the classes.
15. 2.Derived classifications
• Derived classifications are based upon reference classifications.
• Derived classifications may be prepared either by adopting the
reference classification structure and classes.
• provide additional detail beyond that provided by the reference
classification, or they may be prepared through rearrangement or
aggregation of items from one or more reference classifications.
16. 3.Related classifications
Related classifications are those that partially refer to reference
classifications, or that are associated with the reference classification
at specific levels of the structure only.
With in the WHO-FIC the related classifications include:
The International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC-2)
The International Classification of External Causes of Injury(ICECI)
Technical aids for persons with disabilities:(ISO9999)
The Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification with Defined
Daily Doses(ATC/DDD).
18. ICD-9
• International Classification of Diseases, 9th Edition
• The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) is designed to
promote international comparability in the collection processing,
classification, and presentation of mortality statistics.
• Originally designed for the purpose of comparing mortality data
internationally.
• ICD-9-CM (clinical modification) codes classify diseases, injuries,
health encounters and inpatient procedures.
19. International Classification of Diseases, Ninth
Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM)
• ICD-9-CM is based on the World H Organization’s Ninth Revision, International
Classification of Diseases (ICD-9).
• ICD-9-CM is the official system of assigning codes to diagnoses and procedures
associated with hospital utilization.
• The ICD-9 was used to classify mortality data from death certificates until 1999,
when use of ICD-10 for mortality coding started.
• The ICD-9-CM consists of:
a tabular list containing a numerical list of the disease code numbers in tabular
form
an alphabetical index to the disease entries and
a classification system for surgical, diagnostic, and therapeutic procedures
(alphabetic index and tabular list)
20. Why ICD-9 changed?
• ICD-9 is old.
• The U.S. has used ICD-9 since 1979 and many terms are now
outdated.
• There have been many changes within medical and health care fields.
• Available codes do not always allow for the capture of clinically
accurate data.
• The structure of ICD-9 codes limits the number of new codes that can
be created.
• Most developed countries have already transitioned to ICD-10 codes.
21. ICD-10
The WHO revises the ICD code-set periodically, and it is currently in its
11th edition.
• ICD-10 contains additional features of the previous ICD-9 coding
system. The volume of ICD-10 codes as compared to ICD-9 codes is
significant.
why?
1. the code size has been expanded.
2. code values and interpretations have been redefined.
3. specificity has been further improved.
22. ICD-10-CM
• ICD-10-CM is a clinical modification of the World Health
Organization’s ICD-10, which consists of a diagnostic system.
• ICD-10-CM includes the level of detail needed for morbidity
classification and diagnostic specificity.
• It also provides code titles and language that complement accepted
clinical practice.
• As with ICD-9-CM, ICD-10-CM is maintained by the National Center
for Health Statistics.
23. Importance of ICD-10
Measuring the quality, safety (or medical errors) and efficacy of care
Making clinical decisions based on output from multiple systems
Conducting research, epidemiological studies and clinical trials
Comparability between health facilities, regions and countries
Setting health policy
Designing healthcare delivery systems
24. cont.…
Monitoring resource utilization.
Improving clinical, financial and administrative performance.
Managing care and disease processes.
Tracking public health and risks.
Providing data to consumers regarding costs and outcomes of
treatment options.
25. Cont.…
• The system consists of more than 68,000 codes, compared to
approximately 13,000 ICD-9-CM codes.
• ICD-10-CM codes have the potential to reveal more about quality of
care
• ICD-10-CM incorporates greater specificity and clinical detail to
provide information for clinical decision making and outcomes
research.
28. Nomenclatures of ICD 10
• There are three (3) main elements to the structure of the ICD-10.
They are:
Three (3) volumes
21 chapters (1 additional chapter for new codes).
structure of the code (alphanumeric.)
c
c
c
29. Volumes
ICD-10 comprises three volumes:
- Volume 1 contains the main classifications.
-Volume 2 provides instruction/guidance to users of the ICD.
-Volume 3 is the Alphabetical Index to the classification.
30. Volume
• Volume 1 is the Tabular list, which is an alphanumeric listing of
diseases and disease groups.
• Volume 2 is Instruction Manual. It provides:
-An introduction to, and instructions on how to use volumes 1 and 3;
-Guidelines for certification and rules for mortality coding;
-Guidelines for recording and coding for morbidity coding,
statistical presentation.
• Volume 3 is the comprehensive Alphabetical index of the diseases and
conditions found in the Tabular list and have 3 section.
31. Structure of the ICD-10 code:
• The first character of the code is an alpha character (letter), followed
by two, three or four numeric characters.
• The structure of the three-character category is:
A37
first character A to Z followed by two digit
• three-character categories are further subdivided into sub-categories to
enable coding of a disease or condition more specifically.
32. Chapters
• The classification is divided into 21 chapters. The first character of the
ICD code is a letter, and each letter is associated with a particular
chapter, except for;
• -letter D, which is used in both Chapter II Neoplasms, and Chapter III
Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders.
• -letter H, which is used in both Chapter VII Diseases of the eye and
adnexa and Chapter VIII Diseases of the ear and mastoid process.
• The chapters are subdivided into homogeneous "blocks" of three-
alphanumeric character categories. E.g. Chapter I: (A00-B99)
33. Cont..
• Chapter 1 to 17 related with disease and other conditions
• Chapter 18 consists of sign, symptom, and abnormal clinical and
laboratory findings
• Chapter 19 consists of injuries, poisoning and certain other
consequence of external injuries
• Chapter 20 external cause of mortality and morbidity, was traditionally
used to classify injury and poisoning.
• Chapter 21 factor influencing health status and contact with health
service
36. The unused “U-code”
• U00-U49 are to be used for the provisional assignment of new disease
of uncertain etiology
• U50-U99 may be used in research.
37. General principles of disease classification
• Classification is method of generalization.
• A statistical classification of diseases must be confined to a limited
number of mutually exclusive categories.
• The categories have to be chosen to facilitate the statistical study of
disease phenomena
• A specific disease entity that is of particular public health importance
or that occurs frequently should have its own category.
• Every disease or morbid condition must have a well defined place in
the list of categories.
39. Guidelines for morbidity coding
Morbidity usually relates to a single episode of health care. An episode of health
care may be defined as:
i. A period of inpatient care; or
ii. A contact (or series of contacts in a specific time period) with a health care
practitioner in relation to the same condition or its immediate consequences.
concepts for morbidity coding
At the end of an episode of care,
• the clinician should record all conditions which affected the patient in that period.
• Practice may vary from health authority to health authority - in some places, one
diagnosis will be singled out for coding (single-condition coding) while in other
places, all diagnoses will be coded for each episode of care (multi-condition
coding).
• Coders need to be aware of the policy of their establishments in this regard.
40. Cont.…
When to write the coding ;
• At the end of establishing a diagnosis the attending clinician will write
the code.
• If coding is not done earlier, the doctor writing the discharge
certificate/ death certificate will write the code (if needed he or she
may consult with the supervisor about the final coding).
41. ICD-11 the new version
• The global standard for health data, clinical documentation, and
statistical aggregation
• Multiple uses, including primary care
• Scientifically up-to-date
• Designed for use in a digital world
• State-of-the-art technology reduces the costs of training and
implementation
• Multilingual design facilitates global use
• Proposal platform allows stakeholder participation in keeping ICD–11
up-to-date.