DataCite is an international organization that provides Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) for research data, facilitating citation and access to datasets. Founded in 2009, it supports data sharing as a recognized part of scholarly output and collaborates on initiatives for data citation standards and tracking. Key challenges for DataCite include addressing data versioning, promoting individual participant access in clinical trials, and encouraging data authorship as an incentive for sharing.

1. Introduction to DataCite
Martin Fenner, DataCite Technical Director
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1419-2405
DataCite ‐ International Data Cita

2. DataCite is the leading global
provider of DOIs for research
data, enabling users to register,
find, use, connect and track
research data.

3. http://researchgraph.org/schema/

4. DataCite was founded in 2009
as a German non-profit
membership organization
8,164,272 DOIs
47 members
1,249 data centers
5 staff members

5.
DataCite ‐ International Data Citation

6. Community and
Use Cases
Members
DOI Services
DOI Registration agencies
(Crossref, DataCite, KISTI, EIDR, …)
DOI International DOI Foundation (IDF)
A DOI is not a DOI

7. Register Create and manage DOIs and metadata.
Find
Find resources with DOIs and associated
information.
Use
Access to the content that was registered, and
information how it can be used (licenses).
Connect
Link data to articles (Crossref), people (ORCID),
Funding (Crossref), etc.
Track
Track data citations, data usage, and other
indicators.
Advocate
Promote data sharing, persistent identifiers, and
open science.
Support
Provide reliable, well-documented services and
help members and users to use them.
DataCite DOI Services

8. Some DataCite Members
https://www.datacite.org/members.html

9. Challenges for the
DataCite Community
Data as first class research output
Data versioning
Dynamic data citation
Clinical trial data
Software citation

10. Data as first-class research output
Data should be considered legitimate,
citable products of research. Data citations
should be accorded the same importance
in the scholarly record as citations of other
research objects, such as publications.
https://www.force11.org/group/joint-declaration-data-citation-principles-final

11. Data as first-class research output
Force11 Data Citation Implementation Pilot
(DCIP), with specific recommendations for data
repositories:
• use persistent identifiers
• provide citation metadata
• embed metadata in dataset landing pages
https://doi.org/10.1101/097196
https://www.force11.org/group/dcip

12. Data as first-class research output
The RDA/WDS Scholarly Link Exchange Working Group
aims to enable a comprehensive global view of the links
between scholarly literature and data. The working group will
leverage existing work and international initiatives to work
towards a global information commons by establishing:
• Pathfinder services and enabling infrastructure
• An interoperability framework with guidelines and standards
(see also www.scholix.org)
• A significant consensus
• Support for communities of practice and
implementation
https://www.rd-alliance.org/groups/rdawds-scholarly-link-exchange-scholix-wg

13. Data as first-class research output
The Make Data Count (MDC) project is an initiative by
the California Digital Library, DataONE and DataCite,
funded by the Sloan Foundation and started in May
2017. One of the main goals is to develop standards for
measuring and reporting of data usage stats, in
collboration with COUNTER.
https://makedatacount.org/

14. Data Versioning
1 2 3 4
1
2 3
4
0
Software
Dynamic Data
Version 4.1 of DataCite schema (end of 2017) will
support hasVersion/isVersionOf relation types:

15. Dynamic Data Citation
DataCite works with the RDA Data Citation WG, which
in 2015 had published recommendations for dynamic
data citation.
Recommendations are based on time-stamped query
strings, and the registration of a persistent identifier and
metadata when data are reused.
These recommendations can be
implemented using DataCite DOIs.
https://doi.org/10.15497/RDA00016

16. Clinical Trial Data
CORBEL consensus document on providing access to
individual participant data from clinical trials almost
ready.
P1: The provision of individual-participant data should be
promoted, incentivized, and resourced so that it
becomes the norm in clinical research.
http://www.ecrin.org/

17. Data Authorship as an
Incentive to Data SharingThe new engl and jour nal o f medicine
contribution and an explanation of its signifi-
cance. Similarly, nothing would prevent investi-
gators from including data authorship as one of
their substantive contributions for consideration
We acknowledge that there are many unan-
swered questions. The affirmative standards and
responsibilities for the integrity and curation of
the data set may need to be further elucidated.
Figure 1. Credit for Data Sharing and Tracing the Data Set.
An individual researcher (indicated by letters A through F) may be designated and credited as an author, a data author, or both, depending
on the person’s contribution to the data and analysis in the published work. DOI denotes digital object identifier, and MS manuscript.
00000111100
11101010100
01001011010
11110101010
01110011110
11011001010
00110101011
00000111100
11101010100
01001011010
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00000111100
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01110011110
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00000111100
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01001011010
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00000111100
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01001011010
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01110011110
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00000111100
11101010100
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1110101010011101010100
01001011010
11110101010
01110011110
11011001010
Data set 2
DOI
+
00000111100
11101010100
01001011010
11110101010
01110011110
11011001010
00110101011
Primary authors generate
data set and designate
“data authors,” DOI is
assigned, and primary
publication occurs
Secondary analysis by
members of primary
group
Secondary analysis with
collaborator
Secondary analysis by
independent investigator
Combination of data set
with other data for new
analysis by independent
investigator
A
D
B C
A C
A
A B
A B
A B
A B
E
FF
1
2
3
4
5 MS 5
DOI
MS 4
DOI
MS 3
DOI
MS 2
DOI
MS 1
DOI
1 Author (F)
3 Data authors:
Data set 1 DOI (A, B)
Data set 2 DOI (F)
1 New Manuscript DOI:
MS 5 DOI
1 Author (E)
2 Data authors:
Data set 1 DOI (A, B)
1 New Manuscript DOI:
MS 4 DOI
2 Authors (A, D)
2 Data authors:
Data set 1 DOI (A, B)
1 New Manuscript DOI:
MS 3 DOI
3 Authors (A, B, C)
2 Data authors:
Data set 1 DOI (A, B)
1 Manuscript DOI:
MS 1 DOI
2 Authors (A, C)
2 Data authors:
Data set 1 DOI (A, B)
1 New Manuscript DOI:
MS 2 DOI
00000111100
11011001010
00110101011
Primary authors generate
11011001010
11101010100
01001011010
11110101010
01110011110
11011001010
01001011010
1111010101011110101010
01110011110
Original
data set
00000111100
11101010100
00110101011
11101010100
11011001010
11101010100
01001011010
11110101010
01110011110
11011001010
Data set 1
DOI
00000111100
11101010100
00110101011
B
1110101010011101010100
01001011010
11110101010
01110011110
11011001010
Data set 1
DOI
00000111100
11101010100
00110101011
B
1110101010011101010100
01001011010
11110101010
01110011110
11011001010
Data set 1
DOI
00000111100
11101010100
00110101011
B
1110101010011101010100
01001011010
11110101010
01110011110
11011001010
Data set 1
DOI
00000111100
11101010100
00110101011
+
B
11101010100
11011001010
11101010100
01001011010
11110101010
01110011110
11011001010
Data set 1
DOI
11110101010
Original
11110101010
Original
1111010101011110101010
data set11110101010
Data authors
designated
(A, B)
https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMsb1616595

18. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.9448.1

19. https://doi.org/10.24433/CO.a491b0a8-124f-4448-b2c8-b850b5b2aa33

20. 0
4000
8000
12000
16000
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Zenodo DOIs for Software
https://search.datacite.org/works?resource-type-id=software&data-center-
id=cern.zenodo
projected