The document provides information about mechanical engineering and production engineering. It discusses the origins and definitions of engineering and describes some of the main subdisciplines. It also outlines the engineering design process and provides examples of what mechanical engineers and production engineers do. Key areas of study for mechanical engineering students are also summarized.

1. Mechanical Engineering
and
Production Engineering
Dr N. Ramachandran
Professor, Mechanical Engineering
National Institute of Technology Calicut 673601
05/31/15 1

2. ENGINE- from Latin ‘ingenium’
Originally an engine was a mechanical device that
converted force into motion.
Military devices such as catapults, trebuchets and
battering rams are referred to as siege engines.
The term "gin" as in cotton gin is recognised as a
short form of the Old French word engin, in turn
from the Latin ‘ingenium’, related to ingenious,
meaning “innate quality, especially mental power,
hence a clever invention.”
Most devices used in the industrial revolution were
referred to as engines, and this is where the
STEAM ENGINE gained its name.
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3. • Engineering is the discipline, art and
profession of acquiring and applying
technical, scientific, and mathematical
knowledge to design and implement
materials, structures, machines,
devices, systems, and PROCESSES that
safely realize a desired objective or
invention
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4. Engineering is the profession in which
knowledge of the mathematical and
natural sciences gained by
study, experience, and practice
is applied with judgment to develop ways to
utilize economically, the materials and
forces of nature for the benefit of
mankind.
[ABET- Accreditation Board for Engineering & Technology]
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5. • Engineering turns the potential value of
science into reality by translating scientific
knowledge into tools, resources, energy,
products, information, and labour to bring
them into service to mankind.
• The Engineer must have the humanistic
sense to understand the needs of society
and the imagination to visualize what is
possible.
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6. • One who practices engineering is called an
ENGINEER, and those licensed to do so may
have more formal designations such as
PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER, CHARTERED
ENGINEER, INCORPORATED ENGINEER, or
EUROPEAN ENGINEER.
• The broad discipline of engineering
encompasses a range of more specialized
SUBDISCIPLINES, each with a more specific
emphasis on certain fields of application
and particular areas of technology.
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7. Engineering Job Descriptions
•Analytical Engineer
•Design Engineer
•Test Engineer
•Manufacturing Engineer
•Software Engineer
•Development Engineer
•Research Engineer
•Sales Engineer
•Engineering Manager
•Consulting Engineer
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8. Ancient era
Pharos of Alexandria, pyramids in Egypt,
Hanging Gardens of Babylon,
Acropolis and Parthenon in Greece,
Roman aqueducts, Via Appia and Colosseum,
Teotihuacán and the cities and pyramids of
Mayan, Inca and Aztec Empires,
Great Wall of China, etc.
stand as a testament to the ingenuity and skill of
the ancient civil and military engineers
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9. Renaissance era
• The first electrical engineer is considered to be
William Gilbert, with his 1600 publications of De
Magnete, who was the originator of the term
"electricity".
• The first steam engine was built in 1698 by
mechanical engineer Thomas Savery.
• The development of this device gave rise to the
industrial revolution in the coming decades,
allowing for the beginnings of mass production.
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10. Modern era
1. Civil engineering - The design and construction of
public and private works, such as infrastructure (roads,
railways, water supply and treatment etc.), bridges and
buildings.
2. Electrical engineering
A very broad area that may encompass the design
and study of various electrical & electronic systems,
such as electrical circuits, generators, motors,
electromagnetic/electromechanical devices,
electronic devices, electronic circuits, optical fibers,
optoelectronic devices, computer systems,
telecommunications
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11. 2a. The experiments of Michael Faraday, Georg Ohm
and others and the invention of the electric motor
in 1872, and the work of James Maxwell and
Heinrich Hertz in the late 19th century gave rise to
the field of Electronics
The inventions of the vacuum tube and the transistor
further accelerated the development of Electronics
to such an extent that electrical and electronics
engineers currently outnumber their colleagues of
any other Engineering specialty.
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12. 3. Mechanical Engineering. The inventions of Thomas
Savery and the Scottish engineer James Watt, the
design of physical or mechanical systems, such as
engines, power trains, kinematic chains, vacuum
technology, and vibration isolation equipment gave
rise to modern Mechanical Engineering
• The development of specialized machines and their
maintenance tools during the industrial revolution led
to the rapid growth of Mechanical Engineering both in
its birthplace UK and abroad.
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13. 4. Chemical Engineering, like its counterpart
Mechanical Engineering, developed in the
nineteenth century during the Industrial Revolution
with the exploitation of chemical principles in order
to carry out large scale chemical process, as well as
designing new specialty materials and fuels.
• Industrial manufacturing demanded new materials
and new processes and by 1880 the need for large
scale production of chemicals was such that a new
industry was created, dedicated to the development
and large scale manufacturing of chemicals in new
industrial plants.
• The role of the chemical engineer was the design of
these chemical plants and processes.
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14. 5. Aeronautical Engineering deals with aircraft design.
Early knowledge of aeronautical engineering was
largely empirical with some concepts and skills
imported.
• Only a decade after the successful flights by the Wright
brothers, the 1920s saw extensive development of
aeronautical engineering through development of
World War I military aircraft. Meanwhile, research to
provide fundamental background science continued by
combining theoretical physics with experiments.
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15. 6. Aerospace Engineering is a more modern term that
expands the reach envelope of the discipline by
including spacecraft design. Its origin can be traced
back to the aviation pioneers around the turn of
the century from the 19th century to the 20th
although the work of Sir George Cayley has
recently been dated as being from the last decade
of the 18th century.
7. With the rapid advancement of technology many
new fields gained prominence and new branches
developed such as materials engineering, computer
engineering, software engineering, mechatronics,
robotics, nanotechnology, food process engineering,
tribology, molecular engineering, etc
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16. What Engineers Do ?
• Build a Bridge?
MOST COMPLEX
INTER-CHANGE
Interstate 10 Highways
Interchange Houston,
Texas.
05/31/15 16

17. Make a Robot?
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18. Work on a Computer?
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19. Drive a Train, fly aircrafts, move ships?
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20. Repair Automobile Engines?
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21. Why YOU want to be an Engineer?
• You have high goals in life and want to get a strong college
education!
• You like mathematics and sciences, and would like to apply
them to real world problems!
• You enjoy hands-on work and tinkering with things!
• Your family wants you to be an engineer! You were told that
engineers make a lot of money!
• You were told that you can get a good job with an engineering
degree!
• You want to help humanity!
• You didn't know what else to choose as your major!05/31/15 21

22. What are the Different Fields in Engineering?
• Electrical and Computer Engineering
• Electronics Engineering
• Mechanical Engineering
• Civil Engineering
• Chemical Engineering
• Aerospace Engineering
• Petroleum Engineering
• Others: Industrial, Biotechnology, Acoustics,
Biomedical, Materials, Nuclear,
Agricultural, Mechatronics,
Nanotechnology, etc.05/31/15 22

23. What is Mechanical Engineering?
• Mechanical engineering is the second largest
[ next to civil engineering] and one of the oldest
disciplines; and broadest of all engineering
disciplines.
• Mechanical engineers apply the principles of
mechanics and energy to the design of machines
and devices:
ENERGY and MOTION
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24. The core courses in a mechanical engineering
curriculum focuses on the creation and
evaluation of physical things,
but covers a broad range of technical areas.
Thus, the learning starts with basic physics and
calculus courses. Later courses include static and
dynamic systems, strength of materials, fluids,
thermodynamics and heat transfer.
A Mechanical Engineering curriculum is usually
rounded out with advanced classes that match
the student's desired specialty.
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25. What Mechanical Engineers Do?
• Design: cars, airplanes, fax machines, vibration
control, automatic control, robotics.
• Manufacturing: computer-aided design, design
automation, new manufacturing processes.
• Heat and thermal: solar car, engines,
refrigeration, heating systems.
• Biomedical: prosthetics, medical devices.
• Operations Research: plant layout and
operation, analysis of complex data.
• Management: Industrial, Financial, Project.
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26. This needs the basis skill of interpreting a component,
visualize the different views, sketch it and covey
through DRAWINGS.
DRAWING speaks thousand WORDS
PROTOTYPE speaks thousand DRAWINGS
Also, the works to be executed should be in
ABSOLUTE format and NOT RELATIVE
Eg. Your daily activities are yours, others may have other
ways to execute it, but in manufacturing, when you are
replaced with another person, he MUST do it as per a
defined and standardized format.
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27. 05/31/15 27

28. The Engineering Design Process:
(Core of Engineering)
• Problem Identification: Get with Customer.
• Conceptual Design: Ideas, Sketches and Solution Lists.
• Refinement: Computer Modeling, Data Base
Development.
• Testing: Analysis and Simulation of All Design Aspects.
• Prototyping: Visualizing and Improving the Design.
• Communication: Engineering Drawings, Specifications.
• Production: Final Design, Manufacturing, Distribution.
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29. • What will you study as an ME student?
• Mechanical Engineering includes study of concepts including
mechanics, kinematics, thermodynamics, fluid mechanics,
heat transfer, materials science, and energy.
• Mechanical engineers use the core principles as well as
other knowledge in the field to design and analyze
manufacturing plants, industrial equipment and machinery,
heating and cooling systems, motor vehicles, aircraft,
watercraft, robotics, medical devices and more.
• Production Engineering is a branch of Mechanical
Engineering.
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30. • Production engineering and mechanical
engineering come under engineering, but are
different and with some similarities.
• Mechanical engineering is concerned with
mechanical systems, thermodynamics,
kinematics and energy and related fields.
• Production engineering is the study of
manufacturing technology with management
science
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31. Main difference between production
engineering and mechanical engineering
• Mechanical engineers focus more on product
development works to design and
manufacture new products for customers
• Production engineers focus more on making
manufacture more resourceful. Product
engineers work on the products and process
designed by mechanical engineers.
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32. Mechanical engineering is general
engineering where as production
engineering is a specialized mechanical
engineering.
• Source: http://entrance-exam.net/forum/general-discussion/
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33. • Mechanical Engineer makes
things
• Production Engineer makes
things
BETTER
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34. • Production engineers are aware of the
management challenges interrelated to
production.
• Thus, strive to make production possible through
the smoothest, most-judicious and most-
economical techniques.
• Mechanical engineers’ work profile includes
providing resourceful solutions to the
development of processes and products.
• It ranges from miniature components to
extremely large plant, machines or vehicles.
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35. • To become a production engineer, a graduation in
the respective fields is enough.
• To reach senior most positions of companies
directly, they should have the masters’ program in
production engineering.
• To work as research analysts, pursue the PhD
programs.
• Diploma holders in production engineering - get
designated in the entry-level jobs.
• Aspirants who complete various courses in
production engineering can seek out for
occupation in public or private undertakings.
• They can search for employments in
manufacturing sector, industries, and so on.
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36. Mechanical Engineering courses and career
opportunities
• There are various courses in Mechanical
Engineering that an aspirant from science
stream can pursue.
• This includes diploma, graduation and masters’
course in the respective areas.
• Those who are keenly interested in research
can carry out the research programs in their
favorite Mechanical Engineering topics.
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37. • Mechanical engineers have wide scope all over
India and abroad.
• These professionals help the society by inventing
new machines and spare parts, which may help
in the ultimate development of the country.
• Mechanical engineers can seek out for
employments in automobile, machines and
mobile manufacturing companies.
• Research scientists, who conduct research so as to
invent new equipments, are one among the highly
remunerated professionals within the country.
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38. • Production engineering in today’s world is a
blooming course and has several vital
applications that can be utilised in the core
based field of production.
• The courses in both the master as well as the
bachelor level degree offer ample
opportunities both nationally and
internationally.
• Production engineering has critical role to play
in the present era.
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39. • Production engineering is a completely
production oriented course. The quality of the
products produced dependent on production
engineering and with quality standards.
• Production engineering thus is related to the
price control chains.
• Thus is influencing the delicate balance of
demand-supply chain which is very critical in the
present world.
• The list of influenced factor is very long, thus
these facts alone creates the opportunities to
understand the role of production engineering in
the present world.
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40. • The complex role does not end with the chains.
-is responsible for the health of the society
and this role is vitally played in the edible
material production houses. Bad quality of any
of these products is a direct indication of the
bad health of the society.
The influence wing of the production engineering
has reached to this level.
• Thus the course of the production engineering
has a crucial role to play in today’s world.
• Thus has enormous influence in our day to day
lives.
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41. • In the present era, scope of production engineer is huge.
• In multinational companies, a production engineer controls a
manufacturing department etc. Mechanical engineers come under a
production engineer. Please don't misunderstand that a mechanical engineer is
below a production engineer.
• A production engineer with high grade pay always comes top (in the
management area).
• A company cannot run smoothly without the help of production
engineers because these engineers deal with everything starting from
procurement of raw materials to the processes involved till it reach the
market.
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42. • Lot of openings in different countries.
• Experience is the base of all. Try to get more experience, then job
offers and pay scale increases.
• Fields where production engineer get placed :
• Automobile companies- For inspection, quality control, operation of
automated equipments etc.
• Manufacturing industries- For inspection, quality control, operation
of automated equipments, to control assembly line, production
management etc.
• Food processing industries- For inspection, quality control,
Production management etc.
• Railways- Manufacturing processes and its control etc.
• Process industries.
• Space and other research organizations.
• Government and private companies.
• Defense.
• IT companies.
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43. • During the course students fall in love with a
subject or two that helps them to understand
their taste.
(E.g.: Industrial Automation and Inspection & Quality control).
• One's profile should be good.
• Every student undergoes internship during
their course and for you to be outstanding and
to get an upper hand in placements it is always
better to do internship abroad during your
engineering course
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44. • You can also go for higher studies to make your career firm. It is
always beneficiary for a production engineer to opt MBA as his
higher studies.
• As a production engineer, one can prefer MBA to get placed in
production management etc. It is because unlike other branches
production engineering involves management. MBA is going to help
one a lot.
• It is better to get a work experience of 2 years in a manufacturing or
core company and then go for MBA.
• If you have a work experience of 3 years in any manufacturing or
core companies then you can also go for executive MBA that can be
completed in 1 year ( because of your work experience).05/31/15 44

45. • And for those who want to do post graduation in
the technical side it is better to do MS abroad in
good colleges.
• The scope of doing MS abroad is too high
(especially in Europe).
• The facility is great and the research is too good.
The necessary criteria to do MS abroad is write
Graduate Record Examination (GRE) and get a
good score.
• Next is English proficiency tests such as IELTS,
TOEFL etc. Get good scores -at least 6.5 out 9- to get
admissions in college abroad.
• You can also do post graduation cheaply but with
more value.
• In India graduates who are interested in research go
for M.Tech - like NIT's or IIT's for M.Tech.05/31/15 45

46. CAN PRODUCTION ENGINEERS APPLY FOR
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING JOBS IN
GOVERNMENT SECTOR?
• As told before, production engineering is similar to
mechanical engineering and can apply for
mechanical jobs in government sector.
• In government sector there are jobs specifically for
production engineers and I understood that there
is a huge scope and demand for production
engineers even in government sector.
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