The document appears to be a chapter from an international marketing textbook. It is Chapter 7 and discusses topics related to international marketing. The chapter is copyrighted by the Forum for International Trade Training.
Introduction to the Psychology of International Cooperation Seventeen motivat...Ira Kristina Lumban Tobing
This booklet was developed by an academic supervisor and a team of coauthors comprised of Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) staff members and a consultant, as listed below. The case studies described in this booklet are based on information gathered during research conducted from April to October 2015 in several developing countries as well as in Japan.
https://unctad.org/en/Docs/ditccom20081_en.pdf
This report adds to research on the cocoa–chocolate chain. It specifically assesses the issue of
market concentration within the chain, and discusses possible implications for competition
law and policy. The study, which builds on synergies between UNCTAD’s Commodities
Branch and Competition and Consumer Policies Branch, is part of a broader initiative within
the Commodities Branch aimed at enhancing market information and transparency in the
commodity sector.
Guide describing trade and industry practices, as well as regulations applying to cocoa – traces customs
procedures, systems and techniques used at each stage of the cocoa supply chain; reviews trends in
cocoa manufacturing and processing, electronic commerce, cocoa organic farming, fair trade,
sustainable production and environmental issues; also provides list of main sector-related trade and
industry associations; appendices contain detailed statistical data and list of relevant Internet
websites.
http://www.intracen.org/uploadedFiles/intracenorg/Content/Publications/Cocoa%20-%20A%20Guide%20to%20Trade%20Practices%20English.pdf
Subject descriptors: cocoa, trade practices, statistical data.
Study on the costs, advantages and disadvantages of cocoa certification commi...Ira Kristina Lumban Tobing
Over the last decade the importance of social, environmental and economical issues in the cocoa sector has increased considerably. As a consequence, cocoa certification has been placed at the centre of an international debate amongst the cocoa community.
At this moment, there seems to be no consensus on whether certification is positive for farmers or not. Certification is considered by some as an adequate tool to promote sustainability in the cocoa value chain and to improve the livelihoods of cocoa farmers. Other actors involved in the sector seem to be less optimistic on the net benefits that certification offers at farm level and highlight the burden that it can bring in terms of required investments.
In order to provide more clarity to this debate, KPMG was commissioned by ICCO to conduct a study on the costs and benefits of certification, comprising both a quantitative and a qualitative analysis which aim to elicit the costs, net benefits, advantages and disadvantages of cocoa certification.
A Guide to traceAbility A Practical Approach to Advance Sustainability in Glo...Ira Kristina Lumban Tobing
The UN Global Compact and BSR are pleased to issue this guide to help companies and stakeholders understand and advance supply chain traceability, which is the process of iden- tifying and tracking a product or component’s path from raw material to finished good.
This guide represents more than a year of work in preparation, research and interviews.
Analysis of Cocoa Beans Processing And Quality in Post Harvest in South East ...Ira Kristina Lumban Tobing
The best perspective for a farmer would be to create a market for fermented beans in Sulawesi and to create an additional value for the cocoa beans with the implementation of the fermentation on farm-level. The key to maintain a good quality of cocoa beans in the whole value chain is to link all the stakeholders to each other.
Introduction to the Psychology of International Cooperation Seventeen motivat...Ira Kristina Lumban Tobing
This booklet was developed by an academic supervisor and a team of coauthors comprised of Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) staff members and a consultant, as listed below. The case studies described in this booklet are based on information gathered during research conducted from April to October 2015 in several developing countries as well as in Japan.
https://unctad.org/en/Docs/ditccom20081_en.pdf
This report adds to research on the cocoa–chocolate chain. It specifically assesses the issue of
market concentration within the chain, and discusses possible implications for competition
law and policy. The study, which builds on synergies between UNCTAD’s Commodities
Branch and Competition and Consumer Policies Branch, is part of a broader initiative within
the Commodities Branch aimed at enhancing market information and transparency in the
commodity sector.
Guide describing trade and industry practices, as well as regulations applying to cocoa – traces customs
procedures, systems and techniques used at each stage of the cocoa supply chain; reviews trends in
cocoa manufacturing and processing, electronic commerce, cocoa organic farming, fair trade,
sustainable production and environmental issues; also provides list of main sector-related trade and
industry associations; appendices contain detailed statistical data and list of relevant Internet
websites.
http://www.intracen.org/uploadedFiles/intracenorg/Content/Publications/Cocoa%20-%20A%20Guide%20to%20Trade%20Practices%20English.pdf
Subject descriptors: cocoa, trade practices, statistical data.
Study on the costs, advantages and disadvantages of cocoa certification commi...Ira Kristina Lumban Tobing
Over the last decade the importance of social, environmental and economical issues in the cocoa sector has increased considerably. As a consequence, cocoa certification has been placed at the centre of an international debate amongst the cocoa community.
At this moment, there seems to be no consensus on whether certification is positive for farmers or not. Certification is considered by some as an adequate tool to promote sustainability in the cocoa value chain and to improve the livelihoods of cocoa farmers. Other actors involved in the sector seem to be less optimistic on the net benefits that certification offers at farm level and highlight the burden that it can bring in terms of required investments.
In order to provide more clarity to this debate, KPMG was commissioned by ICCO to conduct a study on the costs and benefits of certification, comprising both a quantitative and a qualitative analysis which aim to elicit the costs, net benefits, advantages and disadvantages of cocoa certification.
A Guide to traceAbility A Practical Approach to Advance Sustainability in Glo...Ira Kristina Lumban Tobing
The UN Global Compact and BSR are pleased to issue this guide to help companies and stakeholders understand and advance supply chain traceability, which is the process of iden- tifying and tracking a product or component’s path from raw material to finished good.
This guide represents more than a year of work in preparation, research and interviews.
Analysis of Cocoa Beans Processing And Quality in Post Harvest in South East ...Ira Kristina Lumban Tobing
The best perspective for a farmer would be to create a market for fermented beans in Sulawesi and to create an additional value for the cocoa beans with the implementation of the fermentation on farm-level. The key to maintain a good quality of cocoa beans in the whole value chain is to link all the stakeholders to each other.
Improving profitability for small businessBen Wann
In this comprehensive presentation, we will explore strategies and practical tips for enhancing profitability in small businesses. Tailored to meet the unique challenges faced by small enterprises, this session covers various aspects that directly impact the bottom line. Attendees will learn how to optimize operational efficiency, manage expenses, and increase revenue through innovative marketing and customer engagement techniques.
Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
www.seribangash.com
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
https://seribangash.com/article-of-association-is-legal-doc-of-company/
Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
www.seribangash.com
Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
https://seribangash.com/promotors-is-person-conceived-formation-company/
Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
https://seribangash.com/difference-public-and-private-company-law/
Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
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Enterprise Excellence is Inclusive Excellence.pdfKaiNexus
Enterprise excellence and inclusive excellence are closely linked, and real-world challenges have shown that both are essential to the success of any organization. To achieve enterprise excellence, organizations must focus on improving their operations and processes while creating an inclusive environment that engages everyone. In this interactive session, the facilitator will highlight commonly established business practices and how they limit our ability to engage everyone every day. More importantly, though, participants will likely gain increased awareness of what we can do differently to maximize enterprise excellence through deliberate inclusion.
What is Enterprise Excellence?
Enterprise Excellence is a holistic approach that's aimed at achieving world-class performance across all aspects of the organization.
What might I learn?
A way to engage all in creating Inclusive Excellence. Lessons from the US military and their parallels to the story of Harry Potter. How belt systems and CI teams can destroy inclusive practices. How leadership language invites people to the party. There are three things leaders can do to engage everyone every day: maximizing psychological safety to create environments where folks learn, contribute, and challenge the status quo.
Who might benefit? Anyone and everyone leading folks from the shop floor to top floor.
Dr. William Harvey is a seasoned Operations Leader with extensive experience in chemical processing, manufacturing, and operations management. At Michelman, he currently oversees multiple sites, leading teams in strategic planning and coaching/practicing continuous improvement. William is set to start his eighth year of teaching at the University of Cincinnati where he teaches marketing, finance, and management. William holds various certifications in change management, quality, leadership, operational excellence, team building, and DiSC, among others.
3.0 Project 2_ Developing My Brand Identity Kit.pptxtanyjahb
A personal brand exploration presentation summarizes an individual's unique qualities and goals, covering strengths, values, passions, and target audience. It helps individuals understand what makes them stand out, their desired image, and how they aim to achieve it.
Taurus Zodiac Sign_ Personality Traits and Sign Dates.pptxmy Pandit
Explore the world of the Taurus zodiac sign. Learn about their stability, determination, and appreciation for beauty. Discover how Taureans' grounded nature and hardworking mindset define their unique personality.
"𝑩𝑬𝑮𝑼𝑵 𝑾𝑰𝑻𝑯 𝑻𝑱 𝑰𝑺 𝑯𝑨𝑳𝑭 𝑫𝑶𝑵𝑬"
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 (𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬) is a professional event agency that includes experts in the event-organizing market in Vietnam, Korea, and ASEAN countries. We provide unlimited types of events from Music concerts, Fan meetings, and Culture festivals to Corporate events, Internal company events, Golf tournaments, MICE events, and Exhibitions.
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 provides unlimited package services including such as Event organizing, Event planning, Event production, Manpower, PR marketing, Design 2D/3D, VIP protocols, Interpreter agency, etc.
Sports events - Golf competitions/billiards competitions/company sports events: dynamic and challenging
⭐ 𝐅𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐬:
➢ 2024 BAEKHYUN [Lonsdaleite] IN HO CHI MINH
➢ SUPER JUNIOR-L.S.S. THE SHOW : Th3ee Guys in HO CHI MINH
➢FreenBecky 1st Fan Meeting in Vietnam
➢CHILDREN ART EXHIBITION 2024: BEYOND BARRIERS
➢ WOW K-Music Festival 2023
➢ Winner [CROSS] Tour in HCM
➢ Super Show 9 in HCM with Super Junior
➢ HCMC - Gyeongsangbuk-do Culture and Tourism Festival
➢ Korean Vietnam Partnership - Fair with LG
➢ Korean President visits Samsung Electronics R&D Center
➢ Vietnam Food Expo with Lotte Wellfood
"𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲, 𝐚 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐣𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐲. 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬."
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey throu...dylandmeas
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey through Full Sail University. Below, you’ll find a collection of my work showcasing my skills and expertise in digital marketing, event planning, and media production.
RMD24 | Retail media: hoe zet je dit in als je geen AH of Unilever bent? Heid...BBPMedia1
Grote partijen zijn al een tijdje onderweg met retail media. Ondertussen worden in dit domein ook de kansen zichtbaar voor andere spelers in de markt. Maar met die kansen ontstaan ook vragen: Zelf retail media worden of erop adverteren? In welke fase van de funnel past het en hoe integreer je het in een mediaplan? Wat is nu precies het verschil met marketplaces en Programmatic ads? In dit half uur beslechten we de dilemma's en krijg je antwoorden op wanneer het voor jou tijd is om de volgende stap te zetten.
India Orthopedic Devices Market: Unlocking Growth Secrets, Trends and Develop...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, “India Orthopedic Devices Market -Industry Size, Share, Trends, Competition Forecast & Opportunities, 2030”, the India Orthopedic Devices Market stood at USD 1,280.54 Million in 2024 and is anticipated to grow with a CAGR of 7.84% in the forecast period, 2026-2030F. The India Orthopedic Devices Market is being driven by several factors. The most prominent ones include an increase in the elderly population, who are more prone to orthopedic conditions such as osteoporosis and arthritis. Moreover, the rise in sports injuries and road accidents are also contributing to the demand for orthopedic devices. Advances in technology and the introduction of innovative implants and prosthetics have further propelled the market growth. Additionally, government initiatives aimed at improving healthcare infrastructure and the increasing prevalence of lifestyle diseases have led to an upward trend in orthopedic surgeries, thereby fueling the market demand for these devices.
Skye Residences | Extended Stay Residences Near Toronto Airportmarketingjdass
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What is the TDS Return Filing Due Date for FY 2024-25.pdfseoforlegalpillers
It is crucial for the taxpayers to understand about the TDS Return Filing Due Date, so that they can fulfill your TDS obligations efficiently. Taxpayers can avoid penalties by sticking to the deadlines and by accurate filing of TDS. Timely filing of TDS will make sure about the availability of tax credits. You can also seek the professional guidance of experts like Legal Pillers for timely filing of the TDS Return.