International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
Demographic Profile, anemia status and fetal outcome of the pregnant women at...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Risk factors and treatment seeking behavior of Tuberculosis In Selected Stat...PRAKASAM C P
This document analyzes risk factors and treatment seeking behavior for tuberculosis (TB) in four Indian states using data from the National Family Health Survey 3 (NFHS-3). The key points are:
1. The prevalence of TB was highest in Tamil Nadu and among males, older age groups, and rural populations.
2. Risk factors for TB included poor housing conditions, cooking with biomass fuels, and behaviors like smoking and drinking. Wealth, education, and urban residence were protective.
3. Treatment seeking varied by state, with households in Andhra Pradesh least likely to use government facilities for TB care. Private providers remained the primary source of care overall.
This study evaluated the clinical and perinatal outcomes of 100 teenage pregnancies at a tertiary referral center in South India. The study found that teenage pregnancies had higher rates of complications like anemia (43%), preeclampsia (21%), preterm labor (21%), and emergency c-sections (33%) compared to adult pregnancies. Neonatal outcomes were also worse, with 38% of babies being low birth weight (<2.5 kg) and 21% being preterm. The study concluded that teenage pregnancy poses significant health risks to both mother and baby due to the biological immaturity of teenage mothers.
Does Utilization of Antenatal Care Reduces Reproductive Risk? A Case Study o...PRAKASAM C P
This paper examines the utilization of antenatal care and out come of pregnancy and delivery complications (Reproductive risk) among currently married women in Andhra Pradesh, India. Data for this study were collected from DLHS-RCH-3 for Andhra Pradesh. Pregnancy outcome has been collected for all deliveries from the currently married women and the utilisation of ANC, health seeing behavior, pregnancy problems during and problems during delivery which have been considered as reproductive risk and analysed for the last child data. Reproductive history of 19825 deliveries for Andhra Pradesh form data set. Analysis has been carried out in three stages. Initially Pregnancy loss and its ANC and treatment seeking behavior have been analysed. At the second stage pregnancy complications and delivery complications for the last delivery in relation to outcome has been analysed for Andhra Pradesh data. At the third stage interrelation between Pregnancy out come and reproductive risk has been analysed by using logistic regression. Further influence of background variables on reproductive loss and treatment seeking behavior has been analysed. The results revealed that women experience still birth in Andhra Pradesh found to be around 2.9. Further results revealed that women who had utilized antenatal care services found to have less risk in delivering last child than other. Maternal age and husband occupation played significant influence in utilization of health care services leading to safe delivery in these two selected states.
A Study to Identify the Post Partum Complications among Post Natal Mothers in...ijtsrd
Complications in early post natal periods may lead many issues such as breast engorgement, perineal pain, constipation, and urine incontinence. Postpartum complications contribute to a lot of maternal morbidity. A Descriptive study was conducted to identify the post partum complications among post natal mothers. The study was conducted on 120 post natal mothers who were selected using convenient sampling technique. The study was explained to participants and consent was taken. Data were collected by using structured knowledge questionnaire and self reported practice check list. Homogeneity was maintained for demographic variables. The result showed Identification of post partum complications shows that that in perineal pain, pain in perineal area 45 . In constipation, difficulty to express stool 33.33 , a sense that everything didn’t come out 33.33 , hard or small stool 20.83 . In breast engorgement, 20.83 mothers reported pain and swelling in breast, hardness in breast 20 and flat nipple 15 . In urine incontinence, intense urge of urine 2.5 . Himani Bora | Kanchan Bala | Laxmi Kumar "A Study to Identify the Post-Partum Complications among Post Natal Mothers in Selected Hospital of Dehradun, Uttarakhand" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/33524/a-study-to-identify-the-postpartum-complications-among-post-natal-mothers-in-selected-hospital-of-dehradun-uttarakhand/himani-bora
Study on utilization of antenatal care and outcome of pregnancy in a medical ...Su Dipta
- Antenatal care is important for both mother and baby's health during pregnancy. It involves medical supervision, screening tests, education, and management or referral of any health conditions.
- The document discusses the aims, components, and importance of antenatal care. It also presents data on antenatal care utilization and pregnancy outcomes in West Bengal, India. Key findings include over 50% of women receiving at least 3 antenatal visits and getting recommended tests.
- Ensuring quality antenatal care through multiple visits, screenings and education can help prevent complications and lower maternal and infant mortality rates.
The main purpose of this research was to investigate the women pregnancy healthy status and behaviors in Eastern-Azerbaijan province referred to the treatment health centers in 2012. The present study was a cross-section study. So 30
married women between 15-49 years old have been taken up randomly for family adjustment and mother health and pregnancy care. A questionnaire including the demographic features and other questions about the status and behavior of the
pregnancy health affairs were used to collect the results. The obtained data of these questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS software. The results that showed 63.8% had itching or the vaginal stimuli and 34.9% (52 ones) had bad-smelling secretions and
36.9% (55 ones) had intense pain around the abdominal area. The investigation of these infectious diseases through sexual path showed that about 0.5% (3 ones) are challenging with these mentioned disorders. The results of the barrenness showed that about 8.7% (52 ones) tried to get pregnant but they did not get pregnant.
Neonatal Outcome In Pregnancy Induced Hypertensive Mothers – A Tertiary Care ...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Demographic Profile, anemia status and fetal outcome of the pregnant women at...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Risk factors and treatment seeking behavior of Tuberculosis In Selected Stat...PRAKASAM C P
This document analyzes risk factors and treatment seeking behavior for tuberculosis (TB) in four Indian states using data from the National Family Health Survey 3 (NFHS-3). The key points are:
1. The prevalence of TB was highest in Tamil Nadu and among males, older age groups, and rural populations.
2. Risk factors for TB included poor housing conditions, cooking with biomass fuels, and behaviors like smoking and drinking. Wealth, education, and urban residence were protective.
3. Treatment seeking varied by state, with households in Andhra Pradesh least likely to use government facilities for TB care. Private providers remained the primary source of care overall.
This study evaluated the clinical and perinatal outcomes of 100 teenage pregnancies at a tertiary referral center in South India. The study found that teenage pregnancies had higher rates of complications like anemia (43%), preeclampsia (21%), preterm labor (21%), and emergency c-sections (33%) compared to adult pregnancies. Neonatal outcomes were also worse, with 38% of babies being low birth weight (<2.5 kg) and 21% being preterm. The study concluded that teenage pregnancy poses significant health risks to both mother and baby due to the biological immaturity of teenage mothers.
Does Utilization of Antenatal Care Reduces Reproductive Risk? A Case Study o...PRAKASAM C P
This paper examines the utilization of antenatal care and out come of pregnancy and delivery complications (Reproductive risk) among currently married women in Andhra Pradesh, India. Data for this study were collected from DLHS-RCH-3 for Andhra Pradesh. Pregnancy outcome has been collected for all deliveries from the currently married women and the utilisation of ANC, health seeing behavior, pregnancy problems during and problems during delivery which have been considered as reproductive risk and analysed for the last child data. Reproductive history of 19825 deliveries for Andhra Pradesh form data set. Analysis has been carried out in three stages. Initially Pregnancy loss and its ANC and treatment seeking behavior have been analysed. At the second stage pregnancy complications and delivery complications for the last delivery in relation to outcome has been analysed for Andhra Pradesh data. At the third stage interrelation between Pregnancy out come and reproductive risk has been analysed by using logistic regression. Further influence of background variables on reproductive loss and treatment seeking behavior has been analysed. The results revealed that women experience still birth in Andhra Pradesh found to be around 2.9. Further results revealed that women who had utilized antenatal care services found to have less risk in delivering last child than other. Maternal age and husband occupation played significant influence in utilization of health care services leading to safe delivery in these two selected states.
A Study to Identify the Post Partum Complications among Post Natal Mothers in...ijtsrd
Complications in early post natal periods may lead many issues such as breast engorgement, perineal pain, constipation, and urine incontinence. Postpartum complications contribute to a lot of maternal morbidity. A Descriptive study was conducted to identify the post partum complications among post natal mothers. The study was conducted on 120 post natal mothers who were selected using convenient sampling technique. The study was explained to participants and consent was taken. Data were collected by using structured knowledge questionnaire and self reported practice check list. Homogeneity was maintained for demographic variables. The result showed Identification of post partum complications shows that that in perineal pain, pain in perineal area 45 . In constipation, difficulty to express stool 33.33 , a sense that everything didn’t come out 33.33 , hard or small stool 20.83 . In breast engorgement, 20.83 mothers reported pain and swelling in breast, hardness in breast 20 and flat nipple 15 . In urine incontinence, intense urge of urine 2.5 . Himani Bora | Kanchan Bala | Laxmi Kumar "A Study to Identify the Post-Partum Complications among Post Natal Mothers in Selected Hospital of Dehradun, Uttarakhand" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/33524/a-study-to-identify-the-postpartum-complications-among-post-natal-mothers-in-selected-hospital-of-dehradun-uttarakhand/himani-bora
Study on utilization of antenatal care and outcome of pregnancy in a medical ...Su Dipta
- Antenatal care is important for both mother and baby's health during pregnancy. It involves medical supervision, screening tests, education, and management or referral of any health conditions.
- The document discusses the aims, components, and importance of antenatal care. It also presents data on antenatal care utilization and pregnancy outcomes in West Bengal, India. Key findings include over 50% of women receiving at least 3 antenatal visits and getting recommended tests.
- Ensuring quality antenatal care through multiple visits, screenings and education can help prevent complications and lower maternal and infant mortality rates.
The main purpose of this research was to investigate the women pregnancy healthy status and behaviors in Eastern-Azerbaijan province referred to the treatment health centers in 2012. The present study was a cross-section study. So 30
married women between 15-49 years old have been taken up randomly for family adjustment and mother health and pregnancy care. A questionnaire including the demographic features and other questions about the status and behavior of the
pregnancy health affairs were used to collect the results. The obtained data of these questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS software. The results that showed 63.8% had itching or the vaginal stimuli and 34.9% (52 ones) had bad-smelling secretions and
36.9% (55 ones) had intense pain around the abdominal area. The investigation of these infectious diseases through sexual path showed that about 0.5% (3 ones) are challenging with these mentioned disorders. The results of the barrenness showed that about 8.7% (52 ones) tried to get pregnant but they did not get pregnant.
Neonatal Outcome In Pregnancy Induced Hypertensive Mothers – A Tertiary Care ...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
The profile of infants born to mothers with subclinical hypothyroidism in a t...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Rate of Different Types of Abortion in Madinah Maternity and Children Hospita...Crimsonpublishers-IGRWH
This document discusses a retrospective study conducted at Madinah Maternity and Children Hospital (MMCH) in Saudi Arabia in 2016 to determine the rates of different types of abortion. The study found that abortion accounted for 95% of early pregnancy bleeding cases at MMCH. The most common type of abortion was incomplete abortion, which was likely due to the advanced age and high parity of many of the patients. Over half of abortion patients were aged 38-45 years old and had 5 or more pregnancies. The second most common type was missed abortion. The study concludes that incomplete abortion is the most frequent type of abortion seen at MMCH, likely due to social norms contributing to older age and high parity among patients in the region.
The relationship between prenatal self care and adverse birth outcomes in you...iosrjce
Birth outcomes refer to the end result of a pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to examine the
relationship between self care practices during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes in young women aged 16
to 24 years at a provincial maternity hospital in Zimbabwel. A descriptive corelational design was used. Orem’s
Self Care theory was used to guide the study. Eighty pregnant women were selected using systematic random
sampling and, data was collected using interviews from the 1 March - 31 April 2012. Permission to carry out
the study was obtained from the provincial maternity hospital, the Department of Nursing Science and the
Medical and Research Council of Zimbabwe. Findings revealed such adverse birth outcomes as prematurity
(between 28-32 weeks) 10 (12.5%), still births, 3 (3.75%), low apgar 17 (21.2%) and low birth weight 16 (20%).
Adverse birth outcomes in the mothers included high blood pressure 32 (40%), HIV infection 20 (25%) and post
partum hemorrhage 7 (8.8%) Twenty-four (30%) participants had not booked for antenatal care, 1 (1.8%)
booked for antenatal care at less than 12 weeks while only 1 (1.8%) disclosed her pregnancy at above 29 weeks’
gestation. There was a moderate significant positive correlation between self care practices and adverse birth
outcomes, r=.340. This meant that birth outcomes improved as self care practices increased. Significant R2
. was
.115 meaning self care practices explained 11.5% of the variance observed in birth outcomes. Midwives should
advocate delay in sexual debut in young women to reduce adverse birth outcomes.
This study investigated risk factors for low birth weight (LBW) in Sudan. Researchers conducted a case-control study of 1,224 deliveries at a hospital in Medani, Sudan between August and October 2009. They found that 12.6% of births were LBW. Lack of antenatal care and maternal anemia were significant risk factors for LBW based on multivariate analysis, with odds ratios of 5.9 and 9.0 respectively. Maternal socio-demographic characteristics and measurements were not associated with LBW. The study concludes that improving antenatal care and nutrition may help prevent LBW.
This document summarizes a study that examined the relationship between the drug domperidone, which is commonly used off-label to stimulate lactation, and the risk of ventricular arrhythmia and mortality during the postpartum period. The study used a retrospective cohort of over 225,000 women in British Columbia between 2002-2011. It found a possible doubling of the risk of hospitalization for ventricular arrhythmia among those exposed to domperidone, though the results were not statistically significant. Larger studies are needed to confirm any association.
Determinants of Maternal mortality in SomaliaOmar Osman Eid
This document analyzes the determinants of maternal mortality in Somalia from 1990-2015. It finds that socioeconomic factors like poverty and lack of education, as well as cultural factors like gender inequality, contribute significantly to maternal deaths in Somalia. Physical barriers like limited transportation and long distances to health facilities also restrict access to prenatal and postnatal care. The document concludes that increasing GDP, lowering fertility rates, reducing HIV prevalence, expanding education for girls, discouraging early pregnancies, and increasing access to healthcare can help reduce Somalia's high maternal mortality ratio.
Rate of Different Types of Abortion in Madinah Maternity and Children Hospita...Crimsonpublishers-IGRWH
Rate of Different Types of Abortion in Madinah Maternity and Children Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia by Mohammad Othman in Investigations in Gynecology Research & Womens Health
This document summarizes key findings from several studies on exposures during pregnancy and lactation. The studies found:
- Teratogen information services receive thousands of calls annually regarding exposures to medications, infections, herbs and other substances during pregnancy and breastfeeding. The majority of calls concern analgesics, cold medications, herbs and dietary supplements.
- Most calls are made by exposed individuals themselves, highlighting a need for more education during prenatal care about risks of nonprescription drugs and vaccines.
- While some drugs used to treat autoimmune diseases like methotrexate and leflunomide can cause harm if taken during early pregnancy, others like sulfasalazine, azathioprine and antimalarials are
1) Ms. Vijaya Jahsse, a postgraduate nursing student, is assessing the knowledge of infertility among other postgraduate students before and after providing a structured teaching program.
2) Infertility, defined as the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected sex, affects approximately 10-15% of reproductive-aged couples worldwide. Factors contributing to infertility include problems with the fallopian tubes, uterus, age, stress, weight, smoking, diseases, and hormonal issues in women or men.
3) The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured teaching program in improving knowledge about infertility causes, treatments, prevalence, and lifestyle factors among postgraduate nursing students in
Maternal mortality is defined as the death of a woman during pregnancy or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy from pregnancy-related causes. The three main causes of maternal death globally are hemorrhage, sepsis, and hypertensive disorders. In India, maternal mortality rates are highest in rural areas where access to healthcare is limited. The three delay model explains that maternal deaths are often due to delays in seeking care, reaching care, and receiving adequate care. Reducing maternal mortality requires improving access to emergency obstetric care, family planning services, and addressing social determinants like gender inequality and poverty.
Prospective study of infertility in humans due to life style changesAsma Afreen
This study assessed infertility treatment in humans in Kerala, India. It compared infertility prevalence in northern and southern Kerala and examined the impact of environmental factors. The study reviewed charts and interviewed patients aged 20-50 at three hospitals over three months. It found infertility was more common in males, increased with age and urban living, and was influenced by alcohol consumption and smoking. Long term treatment and patient education can improve infertility treatment outcomes.
AWDF Woman of Substance on Maternal Health in GhanaAmos Anyimadu
The document discusses the role of midwives and public health nurses in reducing maternal, newborn and child mortality in Ghana. It provides background on Ghana and defines key terms like maternal mortality rate. It describes the causes of maternal deaths as the three delays - delays in seeking care, reaching care, and receiving adequate care. The document outlines Ghana's policies and efforts to improve maternal health, including the Millennium Development Goals. It discusses the midwife's role in antenatal care, labor/delivery care, and postpartum care. Strategies have been implemented before and after 2000 to strengthen the midwife's role in reducing mortality.
Utilization of Maternal and Child Health Care Services and Impact on Health o...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal edited by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR).The Journal provides a common forum where all aspects of humanities and social sciences are presented. IOSR-JHSS publishes original papers, review papers, conceptual framework, analytical and simulation models, case studies, empirical research, technical notes etc.
Neonatal and Obstetric Risk Assessment (NORA) Pregnancy Cohort Study in Singa...Premier Publishers
The Neonatal and Obstetric Risk Assessment (NORA) pregnancy cohort study was set up to assess clinical, biochemical and biophysical markers for risk assessment and prediction of the outcomes early in pregnancy. A total of 3271 patients who were in KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital between September 2010 and October 2014 were screened and 1013 patients consented to participate in the study. Women were followed at 18 to 22 weeks, 28 to 32 weeks and 34 weeks and above, till their postnatal discharge from the hospital. Finally, 926 patients remained for studying the outcome. In NORA study, we established locally derived and gestational age-specific reference intervals for the five thyroid hormone parameters. Higher serum progesterone levels at 28–32 weeks of pregnancy were observed in women who had preterm deliveries compared with women with term deliveries in the cohort. We also found that extracellular vesicle (EV) biomarkers enhanced the predictive robustness of an existing pre-eclampsia (PE) biomarker sufficiently to justify PE screening in a low-risk general obstetric population. We plan to further conduct a range of serial assessments from the biosamples which will provide a comprehensive and valuable information of the dynamics of maternal conditions and fetal development during pregnancy.
This document summarizes maternal and child health issues. It defines maternal mortality as death during pregnancy or within 42 days of termination from pregnancy-related causes. The main causes of high maternal mortality in India are anemia, lack of antenatal screening, 30% of women needing emergency care during delivery due to risk factors, and delays in reaching hospitals. It also defines perinatal morbidity and mortality, including neonatal mortality (death in first 28 days) and stillbirths (death after 28 weeks). The major causes of perinatal problems are maternal medical conditions, pregnancy complications, infections, and birth injuries. Developing countries have much higher rates of maternal death, around 1 in 11 women, compared to 1 in 5000 in developed
Vital statistics related to maternal health in indiaPriyanka Gohil
This topic contains introduction of vital statistics, list of important statistics, birth rate, death rate, specific death rates, infant mortality rate, neonatal mortality rate, under five mortality rate, maternal mortality rate (detailed), perinatal mortality rate (detailed), expectation of life, general fertility rate and still births.
This study aimed to determine factors influencing postnatal monitoring in the Bafang Health District of Cameroon. The study found that women who were informed of postnatal appointment dates by midwives, those who believed the appropriate period for follow-up was 6 weeks postpartum, and those who massaged their abdomen after childbirth were more likely to have knowledge of postnatal follow-up. In contrast, women with no knowledge of the appropriate periods for postnatal consultations were less likely to have knowledge. The study concluded that lack of knowledge about postnatal consultations and traditional practices are factors influencing postnatal follow-up in the district, and increased awareness campaigns are needed.
Significance of Health Education among Adolescent GirlsQUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Adolescence is the period of storm and stress due to rapid changes in various aspects of growth. It is the most challenging phase of development especially in the physiological aspect. Awareness on growth and development among adolescent girls is essential to build a healthy personality. It helps to prevent them from unhealthy lifestyles and teenage pregnancy. The present study focuses on analyzing the level of awareness among adolescent girls about the major physical changes like menstruation and reproduction. The sample consists of 100 adolescent girls from government and aided schools of Kerala. The study found that the awareness related to menstruation is satisfactory. But the awareness related to sex is at below average level. Thus the study highlights the need of health education among adolescents with more focus on sex education.
Prevalence of Low Birth Weight in Maternal Pregnancy Induced Hypertension in ...paperpublications3
Abstract: Pregnancy induced hypertension is one of the common conditions of unknown aetiology which increases the risk of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of low birth weight in maternal pregnancy induced hypertension in patients of kashmiri origin. An observational study was carried out in the Postgraduate Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Lalla Ded Hospital, Government Medical College Srinagar w.e.f September 2014 to February 2015. Methods: The study included all patients of PIH BP≥140/90 mm Hg after 20 weeks of gestation. Necessary information was collected such has detailed history, clinical examination, investigation performed, mode of delivery and neonatal birth weight Results: 37.5% had systolic blood pressure > 160 mmHg and 42.10% had a DBP > 110 mmHg. The frequency of caesarean section was 53% and 42% for normal birth. Low birth weight (<2.5 kg) was seen in (42.10%) when associated with severe diastolic hypertension and (37.5%) when severe systolic hypertension was taken into account Conclusion: DBP i.e. 110 mmHg or more was associated with low birth weight.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
The profile of infants born to mothers with subclinical hypothyroidism in a t...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
Rate of Different Types of Abortion in Madinah Maternity and Children Hospita...Crimsonpublishers-IGRWH
This document discusses a retrospective study conducted at Madinah Maternity and Children Hospital (MMCH) in Saudi Arabia in 2016 to determine the rates of different types of abortion. The study found that abortion accounted for 95% of early pregnancy bleeding cases at MMCH. The most common type of abortion was incomplete abortion, which was likely due to the advanced age and high parity of many of the patients. Over half of abortion patients were aged 38-45 years old and had 5 or more pregnancies. The second most common type was missed abortion. The study concludes that incomplete abortion is the most frequent type of abortion seen at MMCH, likely due to social norms contributing to older age and high parity among patients in the region.
The relationship between prenatal self care and adverse birth outcomes in you...iosrjce
Birth outcomes refer to the end result of a pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to examine the
relationship between self care practices during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes in young women aged 16
to 24 years at a provincial maternity hospital in Zimbabwel. A descriptive corelational design was used. Orem’s
Self Care theory was used to guide the study. Eighty pregnant women were selected using systematic random
sampling and, data was collected using interviews from the 1 March - 31 April 2012. Permission to carry out
the study was obtained from the provincial maternity hospital, the Department of Nursing Science and the
Medical and Research Council of Zimbabwe. Findings revealed such adverse birth outcomes as prematurity
(between 28-32 weeks) 10 (12.5%), still births, 3 (3.75%), low apgar 17 (21.2%) and low birth weight 16 (20%).
Adverse birth outcomes in the mothers included high blood pressure 32 (40%), HIV infection 20 (25%) and post
partum hemorrhage 7 (8.8%) Twenty-four (30%) participants had not booked for antenatal care, 1 (1.8%)
booked for antenatal care at less than 12 weeks while only 1 (1.8%) disclosed her pregnancy at above 29 weeks’
gestation. There was a moderate significant positive correlation between self care practices and adverse birth
outcomes, r=.340. This meant that birth outcomes improved as self care practices increased. Significant R2
. was
.115 meaning self care practices explained 11.5% of the variance observed in birth outcomes. Midwives should
advocate delay in sexual debut in young women to reduce adverse birth outcomes.
This study investigated risk factors for low birth weight (LBW) in Sudan. Researchers conducted a case-control study of 1,224 deliveries at a hospital in Medani, Sudan between August and October 2009. They found that 12.6% of births were LBW. Lack of antenatal care and maternal anemia were significant risk factors for LBW based on multivariate analysis, with odds ratios of 5.9 and 9.0 respectively. Maternal socio-demographic characteristics and measurements were not associated with LBW. The study concludes that improving antenatal care and nutrition may help prevent LBW.
This document summarizes a study that examined the relationship between the drug domperidone, which is commonly used off-label to stimulate lactation, and the risk of ventricular arrhythmia and mortality during the postpartum period. The study used a retrospective cohort of over 225,000 women in British Columbia between 2002-2011. It found a possible doubling of the risk of hospitalization for ventricular arrhythmia among those exposed to domperidone, though the results were not statistically significant. Larger studies are needed to confirm any association.
Determinants of Maternal mortality in SomaliaOmar Osman Eid
This document analyzes the determinants of maternal mortality in Somalia from 1990-2015. It finds that socioeconomic factors like poverty and lack of education, as well as cultural factors like gender inequality, contribute significantly to maternal deaths in Somalia. Physical barriers like limited transportation and long distances to health facilities also restrict access to prenatal and postnatal care. The document concludes that increasing GDP, lowering fertility rates, reducing HIV prevalence, expanding education for girls, discouraging early pregnancies, and increasing access to healthcare can help reduce Somalia's high maternal mortality ratio.
Rate of Different Types of Abortion in Madinah Maternity and Children Hospita...Crimsonpublishers-IGRWH
Rate of Different Types of Abortion in Madinah Maternity and Children Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia by Mohammad Othman in Investigations in Gynecology Research & Womens Health
This document summarizes key findings from several studies on exposures during pregnancy and lactation. The studies found:
- Teratogen information services receive thousands of calls annually regarding exposures to medications, infections, herbs and other substances during pregnancy and breastfeeding. The majority of calls concern analgesics, cold medications, herbs and dietary supplements.
- Most calls are made by exposed individuals themselves, highlighting a need for more education during prenatal care about risks of nonprescription drugs and vaccines.
- While some drugs used to treat autoimmune diseases like methotrexate and leflunomide can cause harm if taken during early pregnancy, others like sulfasalazine, azathioprine and antimalarials are
1) Ms. Vijaya Jahsse, a postgraduate nursing student, is assessing the knowledge of infertility among other postgraduate students before and after providing a structured teaching program.
2) Infertility, defined as the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected sex, affects approximately 10-15% of reproductive-aged couples worldwide. Factors contributing to infertility include problems with the fallopian tubes, uterus, age, stress, weight, smoking, diseases, and hormonal issues in women or men.
3) The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured teaching program in improving knowledge about infertility causes, treatments, prevalence, and lifestyle factors among postgraduate nursing students in
Maternal mortality is defined as the death of a woman during pregnancy or within 42 days of termination of pregnancy from pregnancy-related causes. The three main causes of maternal death globally are hemorrhage, sepsis, and hypertensive disorders. In India, maternal mortality rates are highest in rural areas where access to healthcare is limited. The three delay model explains that maternal deaths are often due to delays in seeking care, reaching care, and receiving adequate care. Reducing maternal mortality requires improving access to emergency obstetric care, family planning services, and addressing social determinants like gender inequality and poverty.
Prospective study of infertility in humans due to life style changesAsma Afreen
This study assessed infertility treatment in humans in Kerala, India. It compared infertility prevalence in northern and southern Kerala and examined the impact of environmental factors. The study reviewed charts and interviewed patients aged 20-50 at three hospitals over three months. It found infertility was more common in males, increased with age and urban living, and was influenced by alcohol consumption and smoking. Long term treatment and patient education can improve infertility treatment outcomes.
AWDF Woman of Substance on Maternal Health in GhanaAmos Anyimadu
The document discusses the role of midwives and public health nurses in reducing maternal, newborn and child mortality in Ghana. It provides background on Ghana and defines key terms like maternal mortality rate. It describes the causes of maternal deaths as the three delays - delays in seeking care, reaching care, and receiving adequate care. The document outlines Ghana's policies and efforts to improve maternal health, including the Millennium Development Goals. It discusses the midwife's role in antenatal care, labor/delivery care, and postpartum care. Strategies have been implemented before and after 2000 to strengthen the midwife's role in reducing mortality.
Utilization of Maternal and Child Health Care Services and Impact on Health o...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal edited by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR).The Journal provides a common forum where all aspects of humanities and social sciences are presented. IOSR-JHSS publishes original papers, review papers, conceptual framework, analytical and simulation models, case studies, empirical research, technical notes etc.
Neonatal and Obstetric Risk Assessment (NORA) Pregnancy Cohort Study in Singa...Premier Publishers
The Neonatal and Obstetric Risk Assessment (NORA) pregnancy cohort study was set up to assess clinical, biochemical and biophysical markers for risk assessment and prediction of the outcomes early in pregnancy. A total of 3271 patients who were in KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital between September 2010 and October 2014 were screened and 1013 patients consented to participate in the study. Women were followed at 18 to 22 weeks, 28 to 32 weeks and 34 weeks and above, till their postnatal discharge from the hospital. Finally, 926 patients remained for studying the outcome. In NORA study, we established locally derived and gestational age-specific reference intervals for the five thyroid hormone parameters. Higher serum progesterone levels at 28–32 weeks of pregnancy were observed in women who had preterm deliveries compared with women with term deliveries in the cohort. We also found that extracellular vesicle (EV) biomarkers enhanced the predictive robustness of an existing pre-eclampsia (PE) biomarker sufficiently to justify PE screening in a low-risk general obstetric population. We plan to further conduct a range of serial assessments from the biosamples which will provide a comprehensive and valuable information of the dynamics of maternal conditions and fetal development during pregnancy.
This document summarizes maternal and child health issues. It defines maternal mortality as death during pregnancy or within 42 days of termination from pregnancy-related causes. The main causes of high maternal mortality in India are anemia, lack of antenatal screening, 30% of women needing emergency care during delivery due to risk factors, and delays in reaching hospitals. It also defines perinatal morbidity and mortality, including neonatal mortality (death in first 28 days) and stillbirths (death after 28 weeks). The major causes of perinatal problems are maternal medical conditions, pregnancy complications, infections, and birth injuries. Developing countries have much higher rates of maternal death, around 1 in 11 women, compared to 1 in 5000 in developed
Vital statistics related to maternal health in indiaPriyanka Gohil
This topic contains introduction of vital statistics, list of important statistics, birth rate, death rate, specific death rates, infant mortality rate, neonatal mortality rate, under five mortality rate, maternal mortality rate (detailed), perinatal mortality rate (detailed), expectation of life, general fertility rate and still births.
This study aimed to determine factors influencing postnatal monitoring in the Bafang Health District of Cameroon. The study found that women who were informed of postnatal appointment dates by midwives, those who believed the appropriate period for follow-up was 6 weeks postpartum, and those who massaged their abdomen after childbirth were more likely to have knowledge of postnatal follow-up. In contrast, women with no knowledge of the appropriate periods for postnatal consultations were less likely to have knowledge. The study concluded that lack of knowledge about postnatal consultations and traditional practices are factors influencing postnatal follow-up in the district, and increased awareness campaigns are needed.
Significance of Health Education among Adolescent GirlsQUESTJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Adolescence is the period of storm and stress due to rapid changes in various aspects of growth. It is the most challenging phase of development especially in the physiological aspect. Awareness on growth and development among adolescent girls is essential to build a healthy personality. It helps to prevent them from unhealthy lifestyles and teenage pregnancy. The present study focuses on analyzing the level of awareness among adolescent girls about the major physical changes like menstruation and reproduction. The sample consists of 100 adolescent girls from government and aided schools of Kerala. The study found that the awareness related to menstruation is satisfactory. But the awareness related to sex is at below average level. Thus the study highlights the need of health education among adolescents with more focus on sex education.
Prevalence of Low Birth Weight in Maternal Pregnancy Induced Hypertension in ...paperpublications3
Abstract: Pregnancy induced hypertension is one of the common conditions of unknown aetiology which increases the risk of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of low birth weight in maternal pregnancy induced hypertension in patients of kashmiri origin. An observational study was carried out in the Postgraduate Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Lalla Ded Hospital, Government Medical College Srinagar w.e.f September 2014 to February 2015. Methods: The study included all patients of PIH BP≥140/90 mm Hg after 20 weeks of gestation. Necessary information was collected such has detailed history, clinical examination, investigation performed, mode of delivery and neonatal birth weight Results: 37.5% had systolic blood pressure > 160 mmHg and 42.10% had a DBP > 110 mmHg. The frequency of caesarean section was 53% and 42% for normal birth. Low birth weight (<2.5 kg) was seen in (42.10%) when associated with severe diastolic hypertension and (37.5%) when severe systolic hypertension was taken into account Conclusion: DBP i.e. 110 mmHg or more was associated with low birth weight.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
This document discusses team building and effective teams. It defines a team as a group of people working towards a common purpose. Team building aims to help teams become cohesive units where members trust, support and respect each other. Key attributes of effective teams include trust, commitment, competence and communication. The goals of team building are to improve coordination, flexibility, productivity and performance. Team building processes include forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning phases as the team develops.
This document provides information about Grizzly's selection of metric and standard seals. It lists various types of seals they have in stock, including vee sets, wipers, o-rings, rod seals, piston seals, and honing stones. It provides Grizzly's contact information and specializes in high performance seal kits and sealing solutions for mobile equipment. It encourages calling for a quote.
This document summarizes the key features and specifications of the Nikon D3200 digital SLR camera kit, which includes an 18-55mm and 55-200mm lens. The kit features a 24.2 megapixel sensor, full HD video recording capabilities, an 11-point autofocus system, and Active D-Lighting and Scene modes to enhance photos. It includes an EN-EL14 lithium-ion battery, charger, lenses, caps, cable, and carrying strap in the box. The document provides detailed technical specifications for the camera body and included lenses.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention (IJPSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Pahrmaceutical Science. IJPSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
Este documento contiene fórmulas y ejemplos para calcular interés simple, interés compuesto, descuento simple y descuento comercial. Incluye problemas de interés simple, interés compuesto, transformación de tasas y descuento aplicando las fórmulas correspondientes.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
Este documento proporciona instrucciones para realizar una búsqueda en la base de datos Scopus sobre el uso de acupuntura, masaje y técnicas de relajación para la depresión y la ansiedad en personas de mediana edad. Instruye sobre la creación de una estrategia de búsqueda utilizando términos controlados y palabras clave, y limitar los resultados desde 2005 hasta la actualidad. También proporciona instrucciones para crear alertas de citas de documentos y realizar búsquedas por autor.
Dokumen tersebut memberikan panduan tentang tujuan evaluasi, hal-hal yang perlu diperhatikan dalam laporan evaluasi, dan struktur laporan evaluasi yang layak. Tujuan evaluasi antara lain untuk menunjukkan akuntabilitas, meyakinkan pendapat, menginformasikan program kerja, dan menggali informasi untuk pengambilan keputusan. Point-point utama yang harus ada dalam evaluasi meliputi latar belakang, tujuan, pihak yang terlibat, topik atau
This document presents a synopsis for a study to assess knowledge of antepartum hemorrhage (APH) among 4th year BSc nursing students. The study will use a questionnaire to evaluate students' knowledge and practices related to APH. It provides background on APH and reviews previous studies showing knowledge gaps. The objectives are to assess knowledge and associate it with demographics. The methodology describes a quantitative design using convenience sampling of 39 students. Descriptive analysis will interpret the data collected through the online questionnaire.
Pediatric Nurses’ Knowledge and Practices Regarding Nursing Management of Pre...paperpublications3
Abstract: Prematurity used to be a major cause of infant deaths. The premature babies need improved medical and nursing techniques by highly competence nursing team.
Material and Methods: This descriptive hospital based study was conducted at Soba university hospital, Khartoum state in the period from January to March 2014. The study aimed at assessing the knowledge and practices of pediatric nurses in neonatal intensive care unit concerning nursing management of preterm babies. The sample size compromised of 50 nurses that constituted the total coverage of study population during the period of the study. Data were collected using structured interview questionnaire and observation check list designed f or the study. The data was analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). Results:The results obtained that the majority of nurses were knowledgeable about the characteristics of preterm babies, causes of prematurity, immediate nursing care of preterm, signs of hypothermia were adequate (100%, 92%, 100%,100% respectively). Half of them (50%) identify the breathing pattern of preterm baby. The nurses clinical performance were inadequate where 70% of them recorded pulse rate only when recorded the baby pulse.100% did not wear mask, 80% find a difficulty on selecting appropriate vein for sampling . Also 48% of nurses gave feeding incorrect and 60% of them did not aspirate gastric contents before feeding.
Conclusion: The study concluded that the majority of pediatric nurses had adequate knowledge about prematurity, but they were lacking in their clinical skills to manage the preterm baby. So the study recommended continuous training programs for the nurses to refresh their knowledge and practices towards management of preterm babies to ideal standards.Keywords: Pediatric Nurses’ Knowledge, Practices Regarding Nursing Management, Premature Babies.
Title: Pediatric Nurses’ Knowledge and Practices Regarding Nursing Management of Premature Babies in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Soba University Hospital, Khartoum State, Sudan
Author: Widad Ibrahim A/gadir A/moula, Ietimad Ibrahim Abd Elrahman kambal
ISSN 2349-7823
International Journal of Recent Research in Life Sciences (IJRRLS)
Paper Publications
A Clinical Study on Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Multiple Pregnancies in Wom...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
This study examined maternal and fetal outcomes in term premature rupture of membranes (PROM) using medical records from a hospital in Ethiopia between 2011-2013. The study found that 22.2% of women experienced unfavorable maternal outcomes like puerperal sepsis. 33.5% of neonates experienced unfavorable outcomes like stillbirth. Factors associated with unfavorable outcomes included residing in a rural area, duration of PROM over 12 hours, latency over 24 hours, and birth weight under 2500g. The study aims to identify factors that can help reduce complications from term PROM and improve outcomes.
Current Point of View in Preterm Labor Management in AlbaniaRustem Celami
The document discusses a study conducted in Albania on the use of maintenance tocolysis therapy to prevent preterm labor. The study included 325 pregnant women between 28-32 weeks gestation hospitalized for preterm labor. Women received tocolysis therapy for over one month. Those between 28-30 weeks gestation saw more prolonged pregnancies compared to the 30-32 weeks group. The study concluded that maintenance tocolysis therapy can considerably benefit women diagnosed with preterm labor and help prolong their singleton pregnancies when medical intervention is not urgently needed. However, more research is still required.
This study analyzed maternal and perinatal outcomes of 150 patients referred to a tertiary hospital in India over 24 months. The most common reasons for referral were previous cesarean section (28.7%) and premature rupture of membranes (16%). Majority of referrals came from private hospitals (48.7%) and primary health centers (44%), indicating gaps in emergency obstetric care. Most common maternal complications were anemia requiring blood transfusion (10%) and cesarean delivery (92.7%). There was 1 maternal death (0.7%) and 12 near miss cases (8%). For neonates, 42.9% had respiratory distress and 42.7% required NICU admission. Neonatal
Maternal perception about neonatal jaundice in eastern nepal a qualitative studydineshdharel13
The perception of mothers regarding recognition, seriousness, causes and treatment of jaundice in their newborn babies mostly reflected their own misconceptions about this common neonatal problem. The experience of mothers caring for children with jaundice in their neonatal period along with the influence of their family and society evidently shaped their perceptions about neonatal jaundice.
Current point of view in preterm labor management in albania (2)Alexander Decker
This study examined the use of maintenance tocolysis therapy to prevent preterm labor in Albania. The study included 325 pregnant women between 28-32 weeks gestation hospitalized for preterm labor. Women received tocolysis therapy for over one month. Those between 28-30 weeks (n=200) had greater benefits, with pregnancy prolonged by 6-8 weeks on average. The authors conclude maintenance tocolysis therapy can considerably prolong pregnancy for women diagnosed with preterm labor between 28-32 weeks gestation, though larger studies are still needed.
This document discusses postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) as a major cause of maternal mortality in Malaysia. It summarizes the key findings and recommendations from seven confidential enquiry reports into maternal deaths published between 1991-2005. While PPH rates have declined over this period, it remains one of the leading causes of maternal death. The reports have made recommendations to strengthen protocols, training, infrastructure and access to care to further reduce PPH deaths, but implementation has been inconsistent. Continued efforts are needed to address risk factors like high parity births, lack of family planning and delays in seeking and receiving appropriate emergency care.
This study examined newborn care practices in rural Nepal and factors associated with those practices. The study surveyed 296 mothers 4 months postpartum about cord care, breastfeeding, and thermal care of their newborns. The study found that only 25.7% practiced clean cord care while 51.35% initiated breastfeeding within 1 hour and 58.45% delayed bathing babies beyond 24 hours. Most deliveries (53.38%) occurred at home without assistance from skilled birth attendants. The study concluded that community interventions are needed to improve newborn care practices and reduce risks like unsafe cord care and early bathing.
A Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding Utero- Vaginal Prolapse and the Eff...iosrjce
Background Of The Study: Human beings are the wonderful and marvellous creatures of God. Among them
females are the beautiful and delicate creations. In spite of woman being so delicate they have to undergo many
stressful changes in their lives. .In this process of pregnancy and labour women are subjected to a lot of stress
and strain, where in their pelvic floor muscles and the structure of perineum loss its tone and may result in
utero-vaginal prolapsed.
Methodology Research approach indicates the basic procedure for conducting research. An evaluative
approach was adopted for the study to determine the effectiveness of a nursing intervention package on
prevention of utero vaginal prolapsed. pre- experimental one group pre-test and post-test design. In the present
study, the samples consist of all postnatal mothers admitted in sree Balaji medical college and hospital,
Chenna.
Result: The pre test level of knowledge highest percentage 83.3% of women’s were inadequate knowledge,
13.3% of women s were moderately adequate knowledge and 3.3% of women s were adequate knowledge. post
test value High percentage 76.7% of mothers were adequate knowledge, 23.3% f mothers were moderately
adequate knowledge and none of them were inadequate knowledge.
Conclusion: This chapter has clearly shown that the nursing intervention package is an effective strategy in
improving the knowledge of mothers.
Adolescent pregnancy accounts for 11% of annual births worldwide according to WHO. The study analyzed obstetric outcomes of 3310 adolescent pregnant women in Mexico. The main complications were obstetric hemorrhage (13% of cases) and hypertensive disorders (8% of cases). Obstetric hemorrhage was more common in women aged 15-19, while hypertensive disorders were more frequent in women aged 9-14. No maternal deaths occurred. The cesarean section rate was 33%. Adolescent pregnancy carries increased risks, so addressing this public health issue could reduce maternal and infant mortality.
This document provides an introduction and background for a study examining the effectiveness of a Breastfeeding Empowerment Programme (BEP) on knowledge, skills, self-confidence, and breastfeeding outcomes among first-time mothers in India. The study aims to evaluate the impact of the BEP, correlate outcomes with domains, and associate outcomes with background variables. It outlines the objectives, hypotheses, variables, sample size, population, sampling technique, data collection tools, and data analysis methods for the randomized controlled study.
Effect of uterine massage to women during third stage of labor on preventing ...Alexander Decker
This study assessed the effect of uterine massage during the third stage of labor on preventing postpartum hemorrhage. The study involved 400 women divided into 4 groups. The results showed there was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of blood loss, time of placental delivery, use of uterotonics, and occurrence of postpartum hemorrhage. Specifically, uterine massage during and after placental delivery was found to be effective in reducing blood loss. The study concluded that uterine massage during the third stage of labor should be applied routinely to help prevent postpartum hemorrhage.
The document summarizes a study on women's awareness of initiating and continuing breastfeeding after cesarean section in Baghdad, Iraq. The study involved surveying 30 women who had cesarean sections using a questionnaire. The results showed that 43.3% initiated breastfeeding within 24 hours of their c-section. 76.7% continued breastfeeding, though only 26% practiced exclusive breastfeeding. The study aimed to identify factors influencing breastfeeding initiation and continuation after c-sections. It recommended promoting breastfeeding through baby-friendly hospital initiatives and counseling women during pregnancy and after birth.
Trichomoniasis in the women is usually asymptotic however the disease might be manifested as vaginitis, cervicitis, urethritis, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and adverse birth outcomes. Methods: A case-control hospital based study conducted at Kassala Hospitals, eastern Sudan during the period from 1st January 2015 to 30th June 2015 to investigate the prevalence rate of Trichomoniasis during pregnancy and its impact on neonatal outcome. Results: During the study period there were 199 infected women with T vaginalis among 2374 deliveries yielding a prevalence rate of 8.3%. The vast majority (140/199, 70.4%) was asymptomatic while the rest presented with vaginal discharge (33/199, 16.6%), itching (16/199, 8%) and dysuria (10/199, 5%). With regard to membranes status and neonatal outcome higher proportion of infected women presented with premature ruptured membranes (30, 15.1% Vs 6, 3%; P = 0.000) and gave preterm birth (31, 15.6% Vs 7, 3.5%; P= 0.000). Using logistic regression analysis the study showed significant association between Trichomoniasis, preterm birth (CI= 1.1 � 13.6, OR= 3.9, P= 0.030) and premature rupture of the amniotic sac before 4 centimeter dilatation (CI= 1.0 3.2, OR= 1.8, P= 0.025). Conclusion: Trichomoniasis is highly prevalent among parturient women in eastern Sudan, and there is significant association between Trichomoniasis, preterm birth and premature ruptured membranes.
Randomized, Controlled Trial Of A Prenatal And Postnatal Lactation ConsultantBiblioteca Virtual
This randomized controlled trial evaluated the effectiveness of a prenatal and postnatal lactation consultant intervention on the duration and intensity of breastfeeding up to 12 months. Over 300 low-income women receiving prenatal care at two community health centers were randomly assigned to an intervention or control group. The intervention group received individualized support from lactation consultants including prenatal meetings, a postpartum hospital visit, and home visits/phone calls. The trial found the intervention group was more likely to breastfeed through 20 weeks and had higher breastfeeding intensity scores at 13 and 52 weeks compared to the control group. US-born women in the control group had the lowest breastfeeding intensity. The study concluded the "best-practices" lactation
A prospective observational study was conducted in the Neonatal Unit of Indraprastha Apollo Hospital over a period of 10 months. A total of 86 high-risk newborns were included to study the mortality and morbidity patterns. Majority of these (68%) were outborn male babies: 65% were pre-term and 36% were low birth weight. Overall survival was 77.2% and was better in inborn babies. Survival was directly proportional to gestation and birth weight. Systemic infection was associated with higher mortality and morbidity. Klebsiella was the commonest organism cultured followed by Candida. Hyaline membrane disease was the commonest respiratory morbidity. Sixty-seven percent required ventilatory support, and mortality was directly proportional to the duration of ventilation. Only 6% of the survivors had neurodevelopmental delay at 6 months and one baby had hearing impairment requiring cochlear implant. They continue to be on long-term follow-up.
A prospective observational study was conducted in the Neonatal Unit of Indraprastha Apollo Hospital over a period of 10 months. A total of 86 high risk newborns were included to study the mortality and morbidity pattern. Majority of these (68%) were outborn male babies. Sixty five percent were preterm and 36% low birth weight. Overall survival was 77.2% and was better in inborn babies. Survival was directly proportional to gestation and birth weight. Systemic infection was associated with higher mortality and morbidity. Klebsiella was the commonest organism cultured followed by Candida. Hyaline membrane disease was the commonest Respiratory morbidity. Sixty Seven pecent required ventilatory support and mortality was directly proportional to the duration of ventilation. Only six percent of the survivors had Neurodevelopmental delay at 6 months and 1 baby had hearing impairment requiring Cochlear implant. They continue to be on long term follow up.
Risk Factors and Pregnancy Outcome of Preterm Laboriosrjce
IOSR Journal of Nursing and health Science is ambitious to disseminate information and experience in education, practice and investigation between medicine, nursing and all the sciences involved in health care. Nursing & Health Sciences focuses on the international exchange of knowledge in nursing and health sciences. The journal publishes peer-reviewed papers on original research, education and clinical practice.
By encouraging scholars from around the world to share their knowledge and expertise, the journal aims to provide the reader with a deeper understanding of the lived experience of nursing and health sciences and the opportunity to enrich their own area of practice. The journal publishes original papers, reviews, special and general articles, case management etc.
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International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI)
1. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention
ISSN (Online): 2319 – 7722, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 7714
www.ijhssi.org Volume 2 Issue 11 ǁ November. 2013ǁ PP. 8-12
Knowledge of Staff Nurses Regarding Management of Pregnancy
Induced Hypertension (PIH)
1,
1,
M.Munirathnamma , 2,T.Lakshmamma
Ph.D Scholar, Department of Population Studies, S.V.University, Tirupati.
2,
Professor, Department of Population Studies, S.V.University, Tirupati.
ABSTRACT: All Human life in this planet is born of Women. The Joy and ecstasy of Motherhood cannot be
expressed in words. In all cultures, being pregnant or to give birth to a child is considered as a vital and divine
event. The formation of family is of central importance to most societies and indeed, to most of the people’s
emotional lives. A woman is associated with child birth and the child birth is a biological, emotional, spiritual
and social function, which maintains the family continuum1.Pre – Eclampsia or Eclampsia is an unpredictable
multi organ disorder, unique to human pregnancy. It is associated with significant maternal and foetal
morbidity and mortality. World-wide treatment of this disorder remains a challenge. Even to the most
experienced obstetrician, mainly because of the exact etiology is not known.The objective of this paper is to
assess the knowledge of staff nurses regarding management of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH) by
knowledge score. the main findings are: the overall knowledge score of staff nurses on management of
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH) is very high(74.4%),regarding independent score on various areas of
analysis, nursing management has got highest score (89.1%).Health personnel especially the nurses midwife,
play important role in early detection of high risk factors of PIH.Management of antennal mother with PIH for
which midwife require adequate knowledge1.
KEYWORDS: Pregnancy, Hypertension, morbidity, mortality, nursing management.
I.
INTRODUCTOIN
Pregnancy is being most precious period in every woman’s life. It needs continuous care for safe
confinement, early detection of difficulties and prompt treatment in an appropriate period. Women in general
and also during pregnancy stage are vulnerable segment of the population. In India, 23 million births take place
every Year. There would be about 24 million pregnancies in a year among them about 7 – 15 percentage of all
pregnancies are complicated by hypertension1.Changes such as increased sensitivity to vasopressors, reduced
plasma volume, altered proximal tubular function and activation of coagulation system suggest that
hypertension may not be central to the pathogenesis of pre-Eclampsia 1. Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH)
occurs more frequently in young prime gravid. It is more common in mothers over -35 years of age and multiple
pregnancies with diabetics and obese mothers. It is equally common in women, from low socio-economic group
who are not likely to have received adequate antenatal care. PIH is characterized by hypertensions and
proteinuria accompanied by edema. It develops Only during pregnancy. Both mother and fetus are adversely
affected by maternal hypertension. PIH is recognized as the death in which requires the united efforts of all
members of the health care team in close collaboration with other than medical personal 2. One of the studies in
the Banaras University Hospital in India revealed that every third eclamptic mother died. Pre–Eclampsia,
eclampsia still account for 20 percentages of maternal deaths World–wide. The current annual World–wide
mortality can be estimated to be about 1, 50,000 women. Sub- standard care also adds to the maternal mortality.
Farook recorded a 20-24 percentage maternal mortality due to eclampsia, while Hashmi reported eclampsia
mortality to be 9 percentages over a fine year period. Bashir et al reported a prevalence of Eclampsia of 1.2
percentages and maternal mortality from eclampsia to be 8.35 to 10.3 percentages during 1991- 93 in Faisalabad
City 3.
The incidence of pre-Eclampsia is commonly cited to be about 5 percentage, although remarkable
variations are reported. The incidence is influenced by parity. It is related to racial, and thus, to genetic
predisposition and environmental factors may also have a role. Incidence of Eclampsia is approximately 1 in
1500 pregnancies. Of this about 50 percentages occurs in the antenatal period, 30 percentages occurs during the
intra partum period and 20 percentages takes place within the first few hours after delivery. Deaths due to
eclampsia occur because of cerebral hemorrhage and adult respiratory distress syndrome. Maternal mortality
due to eclampsia varies between 2-30 percentages and is much higher in rural areas 4
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2. Knowledge of Staff Nurses Regarding Management …
As per the British Eclampsia Survey (BES), 1.5 deaths per 1, 00,000 live-births due to preeclampsia or eclampsia were reported from USA. Mortality from Eclampsia was found to be approximately 2
percentages. However, Worldwide picture remains poor. In Europe in the early 20 th century maternal mortality
was over 20 percentages, similar to that of in Bangladesh 4
II.
NEED FOR THE STUDY
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are leading cause of maternal and infant mortality and morbidity.
World-wide, it has been estimated that approximately 50,000 women die every year from eclampsia.
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy affect 5-10% of all pregnancies, world-wide, and cause substational and
perinatal mortality and morbidity. Women with pre-Eclampsia are 2 to 3 times more likely to have Caesarean
delivery compared to normotensive women and have longer hospital stay. The combined prevalence, of various
hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, is said to be of 6-8%, which are the leading causes of maternal and
perinatal mortality and morbidity5. Interventions during pregnancy, may improve maternal outcomes. In this
regard, the intervention includes primary prevention, detection of increased risk and early detection of any stage
of PIH by antenatal adequate care. Secondary prevention of progression is by treatment at primary level or
referral for expert care5.Caring of a primi gravida with ecalmpsia is a challenge to any midwife. The midwife’s
keen observation, prompt decision-making-ability to use life saving procedures and referral to the right place, at
the right time, can save the mother and the baby. The mother requires intensive care with continuous monitoring
and recording the baby also needs close observation and care, for the first 24-48 hours, in the neonatal intensive
care unit 5.
III.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
To assess the knowledge of staff nurses regarding management of
Pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) by knowledge score.
IV.
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Review of literature is a key step in the research process. It is an extensive exhaustive and systematic
examination of research project. It involves the Identification, selection, critical analysis and reporting of
existing information on the topic of interest. According to Poole, Judith H 2 (1997), the traditional method of
teachings were effective in increasing the clinical reasoning ability scores of the nursing students on PIH 6.
According to JUTIANALINNETHE D3 Sa (2002), “A study on Evaluation of a problem based learning package
on pregnancy induced hypertension for B. Sc Nursing students on gain in knowledge, Self- instructional models
have effected primarily on improving the cognitive ability of individuals 7.According to JUANA (2002) ,both the
traditional method and the problem based learning package approach were found to increase the clinical
reasoning ability among nursing students8. According to SANTE, MAYI-TSONGAS, (2006),improvement in
the quality and quantity of prenatal care should help in reducing the incidence of eclampsia 9. An experimental
study by KUMARI (1992) revealed that the self instruction model on selected self care activities by nurses
considerably enhanced the knowledge of primi gravid women with PIH to practice selected self care activities
(SSCA). The practice of SSCA by primigravid women with PIH helped to attain favorable maternal out come 10
V.
METHODS AND METERIALS
Research design: research design of the study was quantitative and descriptive survey design.
research methodology involves a systematic procedure by which the research starts from the initial identification
of the problem to its final conclusion.The present study is conducted ”To assess the knowledge of staff nurses
regarding management of pregnancy Induced Hypertension in selected Hospitals, kolar district, Karnataka”.
Study area:The study was conducted in Sri Narasimharaja Govt Hospital and ETCM Hospital, in kolar district,
Karnataka.
Study Period: The data were collected from 1/11/12 to 15/11/12
S
ample size; 100 staff nurses
Sample unit:
The staff nurses (age group 21-45 years) of Narasimharaja Govt Hospital and ETCM Hospital, in kolar
district, Karnataka. As per the above criteria the investigator collected the data from the selected two hospitals in
the kolar. Among these two hospitals one govt hospital and one private hospital.Formal permission was obtained
from the head of the Hospital of Govt SNR Hospital and ETCM Hospital kolar for conducting the study.
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3. Knowledge of Staff Nurses Regarding Management …
Sampling: Convenience sampling technique.
Study Tool:
The tool for data collection is structured interview schedule suggested by Quiche and Experts in the
fields of obstetrics and gynecology. It was considered to be the most appropriate Instrument to elicit the
response from subjects. is structured interview schedule includes 18 items for knowledge (52.9%), 9 items on
Comprehension (26.92%) and 7 items (20.5%) on problem solving all aspects of management of pregnancy
induced hypertension.
The structured Interview schedule consists of two parts :
The first Part –
Selected demographic variables such as age, religion, educational status, Income, Marital status, Total
years of service, Total experience in maternity ward and expose to any in service education programme and the
knowledge level of staff nurses regarding management of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension.
The second partKnowledge Questionnaire on management of Pregnancy Induced Hypertensions. This section consists of
34 items on selected aspects of Definitions and Risk factor of pregnancy Induced Hypertension (4 items),
clinical manifestations (4items) effects of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension on mother and fetus (2 items),
Diagnosis of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (2 items) medical management (3 items) Dietary management (4
items) nursing management (11 items) complications and prevention (4 items).
Section-II
This section deals with distribution of knowledge score of staff nurses regarding management of pregnancy
induced hypertension in terms mean, median, range, standard deviation and mean percentage.
Table-1
Area wife analysis of Knowledge score of staff nurses regarding management of PIH.
SL
No
1.
Areas
No of
items
4
Maximum
Score
4
Mean
3.36
3
0.71
Mean
Percentage%
84%
2.
Clinical Manifestations
4
4
3.39
4
1.11
84.75%
3.
Effects of PIH on months &
fetus
2
2
1.52
2
0.42
76%
2
2
1.37
1
0.41
68.5%
3
2
2.23
2
0.88
74.33%
4
4
2.17
2
1.14
54.25%
7.
11
11
8.10
8
2.57
89.1%
8.
4
4
1.12
3
0.78
78%
Definition and risk factor of
PIH
Median
S.D
Diagnosis of PIH
4.
Medical management
5.
Dietary management
6.
Nursing management
Complication & Prevention
Table-1: Indicated that staff nurses having more Knowledge 89.1% in the area of nursing management,
definitions and risk factor and clinical manifestations, and less knowledge 54.25% in the area of dietary
management and diagnosis of PIH.
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4. Knowledge of Staff Nurses Regarding Management …
Table-2 Over all analysis of knowledge score of staff nurses regarding management of PIH.
SL
No
Total
No of
items
Maximum
Score
Range of
score
Mean
score
Median
score
S.D
Mean
Percentage%
1
34
34
33-10
25.28
27
5.34
74.35%
Table represents the over all mean knowledge score obtained by the staff nurses was 25.28 and median
score was 27 was standard deviation 5.34 and the mean percentage (74.35).so
This indicator that staff nurses have more knowledge on selected aspects of management of Pregnancy induced
hypertension.
HOW IT IS USE FUL TO SOCIETY
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are leading cause of maternal and infant mortality and
morbidity. World-wide, it has been estimated that approximately 50,000 women die every year from eclampsia.
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy affect 5-10% of all pregnancies, world-wide, and cause substational and
perinatal mortality and morbidity. Women with pre-Eclampsia are 2 to 3 times more likely to have Caesarean
delivery compared to normotensive women and have longer hospital stay. The combined prevalence, of various
hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, is said to be of 6-8%, which are the leading causes of maternal and
perinatal mortality and morbidity. Interventions during pregnancy, may improve maternal outcomes. In this
regard, the intervention includes primary prevention, detection of increased risk and early detection of any stage
of PIH by antenatal adequate care. Secondary prevention of progression is by treatment at primary level or
referral for expert care.
Zhang Zeisler and Berkowitz (1999), conducted an epidemiological investigation of PIHINA
population of 3.7 million in China. The incidence of PIH was 9.4% that of mild moderate PIH, pre-eclampsia,
Eclampsia 23%, chronic hypertension with PIH were 4.7, 2.6, 1.7, 0.2, and 0.2% respectively. The maternal and
perinatal moralities of PIH groups were significantly higher than that of the group without PIH. The result
reveals that pathogenesis of PIH was positively related to age, prim parity, multiple pregnancy, labour, posture
intensity, maternal education level, body status, hereditary and various complications during pregnancy.
Maternal & child health programme is poorly utilized by pregnant women. Only 49.29% of the total pregnant
women receive antenatal checkups from health professionals. Only two of the pregnant women were visited by
the health workers. The world is progressing towards the attainment of health for all through primary care
which is the current in health and related disciplines. As per the suggestions of the WHO at the international
conference at Nairobi (1987) and international federation of Gynecology and obstetrics at Brazil (1988) the
Universal focus is on the promotion of the safe- motherhood and child survival through the MCH at the primary
level of intervention. Caring of a primi gravida with ecalmpsia is a challenge to any midwife. The midwife’s
keen observation, prompt decision-making-ability to use life saving procedures and referral to the right place, at
the right time, can save the mother and the baby. The mother requires intensive care with continuous monitoring
and recording the baby also needs close observation and care, for the first 24-48 hours, in the neonatal intensive
care unit.
Ratnan et al (1992) found 10% occurrence of pregnancy induced hypertension. Out of all pregnancy is
5% develop eclampsia. M.K.sinha (1995) mentioned through her study, that toxemia is still a major cause of
maternal death in Bihar and pointed out the lacunae prevailing over MCH care.During my clinical experience I
found a case by name Mrs. Geetha, aged 33 years, primi gravida who was admitted at maternity unit, with
history of 32 weeks amenorrhea and suddenly developed convulsions. History revealed that she had a regular
antenatal check ups which diagnosed mild PIH. She could not take any test. Instead, she worked hard. She had
joined in a coaching center for appearing examination and finally she had developed edema. Weight gain, severe
head ache, blurring vision but she ignored these symptoms. As a consequence, suddenly she developed
convulsions. She was treated, adequately labour induced and she delivered a male child weighing12 kg with
apgar score 4-6 the child died after 10 hours.She did not have knowledge regarding PIH and ement symptoms of
pre-eclampsia. Having seen so many cases in my clinical experience, and with a determined conclusion, I have
selected this study,
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5. Knowledge of Staff Nurses Regarding Management …
“To assess the knowledge of staff nurses regarding management of Pregnancy Induced Hypertension in
Selected Hospitals, Kolar Dt, Karnataka”. In the light of the above facts and from experience of the
Investigator, it was found essential to assess the knowledge of staff nurses regarding management of pregnancy
induced hypertension. To prevent possible complications and there by reduce maternal mortality and morbidity.
Women through their intervention thus promote safe child birth experience as a memorable and pleasent one,
contributing to health mother and child to the society. At this point health personnel especially the nurses
midwife, play importance role in early detection High risk factors of PIH, management of mother with PIH for
which midwife require adequate knowledge. Hence the treatment planned to find out the knowledge level of
the staff nurses on management of PIH
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