An intelligent agent has been developed using Java Expert System Shell (JESS) rules engine. The agent
acts as an assistant that interacts with the user through voice prompts and SMS. It guides the user in case of an
emergency by asking relevant questions to determine the emergency level and provide appropriate response.
Web Interface: A simple web interface has been developed using PHP and MySQL to allow users to login and
access basic features of the system. The interface provides options to select language and report an emergency.
SMS Server: A SMS server has been implemented using PHP and the Twilio API. The server listens for incoming
SMS, processes them and sends responses back. It interacts with the agent to get appropriate responses.
Initial Testing
Computer technology can be used to support nursing education, healthcare, and research in several ways:
1) In education, it allows for computerized record keeping, computer-assisted instruction, distance learning programs, and presentation tools.
2) In healthcare, it enables electronic medical records, telemedicine, remote patient monitoring, and clinical decision support. Telemedicine provides improved access to care and reduced costs.
3) In research, computers facilitate literature searches, use of standardized terminologies, statistical analysis software, and aggregation of large datasets to identify trends.
The document discusses various uses of computers in nursing, including:
1. Nursing education - Computers are used for teaching/learning, testing, and student/course record management. This includes accessing literature, computer-assisted instruction, classroom technologies, and distance learning.
2. Nursing practice - Computers are used for documenting and evaluating patient care, advancing patient education, enhancing accessibility of care, and more. Technologies used include monitors, wireless systems, clinical decision tools, and more.
3. Nursing administration - Computers are used for human resources, medical records, nursing station systems, personnel management, quality assurance, facilities management, budget/finances, and accreditation. This allows for improved management,
Trends and technology application of computer in nursingMonika Devi NR
The document discusses trends in technology applications for nursing. It describes how mobile devices, wearables, telehealth platforms, mobile workstations, and command centers are enhancing nursing care and workflows. These technologies allow nurses to access patient information and monitoring remotely, streamline documentation, and gain insights to coordinate care more effectively. The document also reviews how technologies like automated IV pumps, portable monitors, smart beds, wearables, electronic health records, and telehealth are improving patient outcomes by enabling more continuous monitoring, safer care, and access to medical expertise from home.
This document discusses the use of computers in nursing. It begins by defining what a computer is and how computers have revolutionized the nursing profession leading to the development of nursing informatics. The document then discusses the historical perspectives of computer use in healthcare and nursing from the 1960s to present. It provides definitions of key terms like nursing informatics and outlines the major uses of computers in nursing education, practice, administration, and research. The document also discusses issues related to computer use in nursing like legal/ethical concerns and provides advantages and disadvantages.
Computer technology has significantly impacted the field of nursing. It is used extensively in nursing education for teaching, learning, testing, and managing student records. In nursing practice, computers are used to document and evaluate patient care, assess and monitor patients, and make ethical decisions regarding technologies. Nursing administration utilizes computers for human resources, medical records, quality assurance, facilities management, and budget/finances. Computers are also valuable tools for nursing research, aiding in problem identification, literature searches, data collection and analysis, and disseminating findings.
Nursing informatics: background and applicationjhonee balmeo
Healthcare Information System (HIM)
Electronic Medical Record System (EMR)
Electronic Health Record System (EHR)
Historical Background (Nicholas E. Davis Awards of Excellence Program)
Practice Application (CCIS, ACIS, CHIS)
Cis evaluation final_presentation, nur 3563 sol1SBU
An overview of a Computer Information System (CIS) and considerations that need to be taken with implementing an Electronic Health Record (EHR) in a healthcare setting.
Computer technology can be used to support nursing education, healthcare, and research in several ways:
1) In education, it allows for computerized record keeping, computer-assisted instruction, distance learning programs, and presentation tools.
2) In healthcare, it enables electronic medical records, telemedicine, remote patient monitoring, and clinical decision support. Telemedicine provides improved access to care and reduced costs.
3) In research, computers facilitate literature searches, use of standardized terminologies, statistical analysis software, and aggregation of large datasets to identify trends.
The document discusses various uses of computers in nursing, including:
1. Nursing education - Computers are used for teaching/learning, testing, and student/course record management. This includes accessing literature, computer-assisted instruction, classroom technologies, and distance learning.
2. Nursing practice - Computers are used for documenting and evaluating patient care, advancing patient education, enhancing accessibility of care, and more. Technologies used include monitors, wireless systems, clinical decision tools, and more.
3. Nursing administration - Computers are used for human resources, medical records, nursing station systems, personnel management, quality assurance, facilities management, budget/finances, and accreditation. This allows for improved management,
Trends and technology application of computer in nursingMonika Devi NR
The document discusses trends in technology applications for nursing. It describes how mobile devices, wearables, telehealth platforms, mobile workstations, and command centers are enhancing nursing care and workflows. These technologies allow nurses to access patient information and monitoring remotely, streamline documentation, and gain insights to coordinate care more effectively. The document also reviews how technologies like automated IV pumps, portable monitors, smart beds, wearables, electronic health records, and telehealth are improving patient outcomes by enabling more continuous monitoring, safer care, and access to medical expertise from home.
This document discusses the use of computers in nursing. It begins by defining what a computer is and how computers have revolutionized the nursing profession leading to the development of nursing informatics. The document then discusses the historical perspectives of computer use in healthcare and nursing from the 1960s to present. It provides definitions of key terms like nursing informatics and outlines the major uses of computers in nursing education, practice, administration, and research. The document also discusses issues related to computer use in nursing like legal/ethical concerns and provides advantages and disadvantages.
Computer technology has significantly impacted the field of nursing. It is used extensively in nursing education for teaching, learning, testing, and managing student records. In nursing practice, computers are used to document and evaluate patient care, assess and monitor patients, and make ethical decisions regarding technologies. Nursing administration utilizes computers for human resources, medical records, quality assurance, facilities management, and budget/finances. Computers are also valuable tools for nursing research, aiding in problem identification, literature searches, data collection and analysis, and disseminating findings.
Nursing informatics: background and applicationjhonee balmeo
Healthcare Information System (HIM)
Electronic Medical Record System (EMR)
Electronic Health Record System (EHR)
Historical Background (Nicholas E. Davis Awards of Excellence Program)
Practice Application (CCIS, ACIS, CHIS)
Cis evaluation final_presentation, nur 3563 sol1SBU
An overview of a Computer Information System (CIS) and considerations that need to be taken with implementing an Electronic Health Record (EHR) in a healthcare setting.
The document discusses nursing informatics, which is defined as the combination of computer science, information science, and nursing science used to manage and process nursing data, information, and knowledge. It provides an overview of the historical development of nursing informatics and the roles of nurse informaticists. Key points covered include the use of electronic health records, telehealth, and computerized documentation systems in healthcare. The importance of technical, utility, and leadership competencies for nursing informatics is also highlighted.
The document provides an overview of the history of nursing informatics from the 1900s to present day. It discusses 19 technologies that changed nursing, from electronic IV monitors to video conferencing. It also outlines 6 time periods in the development of nursing informatics, from the 1960s to the present. Four major areas where nursing informatics has been applied are discussed: clinical practice, administration, education, and research. Significant landmark events and initiatives that helped establish nursing informatics are also summarized.
The document provides an overview of nursing informatics, including its history and key concepts. It discusses how nursing informatics integrates nursing, computer science, and information science to manage data and support patient care and decision making. The document also outlines some common informatics terminology, electronic health record components, and the nursing minimum data set.
The document discusses the history and evolution of nursing informatics from Florence Nightingale's time to the present. It covers key topics like the development of hospital information systems in the 1950s-1960s, the definition and purpose of nursing informatics according to the ANA, general and specialist informatics competencies, nursing informatics specialties, the importance of informatics in healthcare delivery, and various informatics applications in areas like critical care, community health, and ambulatory care.
Electronic health record- Nursing InformaticsJadabear06
The document discusses the history of electronic health records (EHRs) and the Nicholas E. Davies Program, which recognizes healthcare organizations that have implemented exemplary EHR systems. It describes how early winners developed their own homegrown systems in the 1960s-1980s, while later winners obtained commercial systems. It also notes that successful EHR implementation has consistently required significant financial investments, clinician involvement, and demonstration of impact on quality and value of care.
This document discusses nursing informatics competencies. It identifies three types of competencies: technical, utility, and leadership. Technical competencies relate to using technology equipment. Utility competencies relate to applying technology in nursing practice, education, research, and administration. Leadership competencies relate to managing technology use regarding ethical and privacy issues. The document also discusses three levels of informatics expertise: user, modifier, and innovator. It outlines strategies for achieving nursing informatics competencies, including integrating content into nursing programs and providing continuing education opportunities.
The document discusses nursing informatics and its relevance for nursing education. It defines informatics as the science of computer information systems and the practice of information processing. It notes that while some universities offer limited coverage of electronic health records and telehealth, most do not have dedicated nursing informatics education. The document advocates that nursing students are natural users and generators of information and that educators should teach students to more effectively look for, find, interpret, share and generate information using tools like social media, infographics and common data elements. It argues nursing students do not need to become programmers or analysts but rather comfortable using information technologies.
This document provides information about a Nursing Informatics course, including the instructor, schedule, course description, objectives, outline, and definitions of key terms. The course deals with using information technology and standards in nursing, managing patient data, and clinical decision-making. It is worth 3 credits, includes both lecture and lab hours, and covers topics such as computer hardware and software, electronic health records, issues in informatics, and applications for practice, research, and the future of the field.
This document discusses the history and uses of computers in nursing. It outlines how computers first began being used in healthcare settings in the 1960s and have since become integral to nursing practice. Computers are now used for clinical documentation, admissions/discharges, developing care plans, and more. Nursing informatics also supports nursing education through tools like PowerPoint, online libraries, and testing/evaluation software. The document examines several nursing software programs and how technology has improved areas like communication, access to health records, tracking medical equipment, and diagnostic tools to help nurses work more efficiently and deliver better patient care.
This document provides an overview of nursing informatics for new nursing hires. It defines nursing informatics as using technology to support all aspects of nursing practice. Nurses' roles include computerized documentation, using patient technologies, and managing patient information for safety. A nursing informatics model is described using Lewin's Change Theory of unfreezing, changing, and refreezing to facilitate adoption of new technologies. The document explains that informatics can support patient care through research and standardized practices, as well as help administration with costs, workflows, and decision making. Finally, strategies are presented for increasing new hires' comfort with technology, such as completing training, quizzes, and asking more experienced nurses for assistance.
Nursing informatics: Technology and the Pastjhonee balmeo
The document discusses the history of nursing informatics and the impact of technology on the nursing field. It describes 19 technologies that have changed nursing, from electronic IV monitors to video conferencing. It then discusses nursing and computers through four perspectives: 1) Six time periods from the 1960s to present day, 2) How informatics impacts four areas of nursing practice, 3) Important standards initiatives, and 4) Landmark events in the development of nursing informatics. Overall, the document outlines how computer technologies have transformed nursing practice and the nursing field over the past decades.
Introduction to Nursing Informatics (4th Ed) 2014 - Chapter 4 History of Comp...anne spencer
This document summarizes key concepts from Chapter 4 of an introduction to nursing informatics textbook. It discusses the history of computing and technology, highlighting major milestones from the 1950s onward. It also profiles several nursing pioneers who contributed to the early development of informatics in areas like education, administration, care, and research. Some of the pioneers discussed include Mariann Drost Bitzer, Judith Ronald, and Kathryn Hannah. The chapter concludes with a summary of themes identified in a historical analysis of nursing informatics papers published between 1960 and 1997.
This document discusses the course Nursing Informatics. The course covers the use of information technology and data standards in nursing based on informatics principles. It deals with using clinical information systems to manage patient care and support decision making. The course objectives are to apply informatics concepts to nursing and discuss relevant issues and trends. Various topics are outlined including computers and nursing history, computer systems, issues in informatics, informatics theories, and applying informatics in different nursing practices and internationally. Students are expected to create an online nursing informatics page and do an individual or group presentation to pass the course.
This document discusses the role of information technology in nursing. It describes how computers are used to store, process, and transmit patient information. It also discusses how computer technologies like electronic medical records, clinical decision support systems, and bar coding help improve patient care, reduce errors, and increase efficiency. Nursing informatics is mentioned as the field that applies information science to nursing practice and healthcare.
Nursing informatics utilizes information technology to support nursing practice, research, and education. It aims to improve patient care and outcomes through the management and communication of nursing data, information, and knowledge. Emerging trends in nursing informatics include more ubiquitous and integrated technology solutions for clinical documentation, order management, and other areas of the nursing workflow.
1. Emerging technologies like genetics, monitoring devices, and information technologies will impact nursing by allowing nurses to become "in-formation-mediators" and analyze behind-the-scenes data to improve care. This will require changes to nursing education.
2. Under u-nursing, nurses will provide care anytime, anywhere through networks and devices. Nurses will play a key role in facilitating technology use for consumers. New nursing services will focus more on wellness and involve emerging technologies to facilitate self-care.
3. For nurses to work in u-healthcare centers, they will need new skills and knowledge involving technologies. Nursing education must be reformed to promote nursing careers and include information and communication technologies
Health Information Technology & Nursing InformaticsJil Wright
This document discusses health information technology and nursing informatics. It begins with an introduction by Jil Wright who identifies herself as a nursing informatics "geek". The document then provides resources for more information on health IT and nursing informatics. It discusses how nursing informatics integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science to support patients, nurses, and healthcare providers. Examples of clinical information systems and technologies that can help transform nursing practice are also provided, such as electronic medical records, wireless systems, and RFID technologies. Meaningful use requirements and examples of how health IT can improve documentation and the nursing process are summarized as well.
The stomach is a J-shaped organ located in the upper abdomen between the esophagus and small intestine. It has four regions - cardia, fundus, corpus, and pyloric part. The stomach stores and breaks down food through secretion of acids and enzymes. Motility mixes foods and empties contents into the small intestine. Diseases include peptic ulcers, gastritis, and stomach cancer.
This document summarizes a presentation on biometric systems. It begins by defining biometric systems as automated methods of identifying individuals based on physiological or behavioral characteristics. It then outlines the objectives of exploring biometric applications in management. It discusses types of biometrics like fingerprints and facial recognition. It explains how biometric systems work by enrolling reference templates and comparing them to new samples. It also covers benefits of biometric systems like security, convenience and accountability. Risks are discussed along with recommendations to ensure security of biometric data. The document concludes by noting biometric systems require careful risk analysis and implementation based on the environment.
Presentation Elmhurst Hospital Center October 2011 Finalpieterbaslalleman
The document discusses a research study using shadowing and a Livescribe smartpen to observe the daily work of nurse managers in hospitals. The researcher shadows four nurse managers per hospital in four case study hospitals to understand their boundary spanning roles and how they operate across the different worlds of a hospital. The smartpen allows for accurate note-taking and capturing conversations while shadowing the fast-paced work of nurse managers.
The document discusses nursing informatics, which is defined as the combination of computer science, information science, and nursing science used to manage and process nursing data, information, and knowledge. It provides an overview of the historical development of nursing informatics and the roles of nurse informaticists. Key points covered include the use of electronic health records, telehealth, and computerized documentation systems in healthcare. The importance of technical, utility, and leadership competencies for nursing informatics is also highlighted.
The document provides an overview of the history of nursing informatics from the 1900s to present day. It discusses 19 technologies that changed nursing, from electronic IV monitors to video conferencing. It also outlines 6 time periods in the development of nursing informatics, from the 1960s to the present. Four major areas where nursing informatics has been applied are discussed: clinical practice, administration, education, and research. Significant landmark events and initiatives that helped establish nursing informatics are also summarized.
The document provides an overview of nursing informatics, including its history and key concepts. It discusses how nursing informatics integrates nursing, computer science, and information science to manage data and support patient care and decision making. The document also outlines some common informatics terminology, electronic health record components, and the nursing minimum data set.
The document discusses the history and evolution of nursing informatics from Florence Nightingale's time to the present. It covers key topics like the development of hospital information systems in the 1950s-1960s, the definition and purpose of nursing informatics according to the ANA, general and specialist informatics competencies, nursing informatics specialties, the importance of informatics in healthcare delivery, and various informatics applications in areas like critical care, community health, and ambulatory care.
Electronic health record- Nursing InformaticsJadabear06
The document discusses the history of electronic health records (EHRs) and the Nicholas E. Davies Program, which recognizes healthcare organizations that have implemented exemplary EHR systems. It describes how early winners developed their own homegrown systems in the 1960s-1980s, while later winners obtained commercial systems. It also notes that successful EHR implementation has consistently required significant financial investments, clinician involvement, and demonstration of impact on quality and value of care.
This document discusses nursing informatics competencies. It identifies three types of competencies: technical, utility, and leadership. Technical competencies relate to using technology equipment. Utility competencies relate to applying technology in nursing practice, education, research, and administration. Leadership competencies relate to managing technology use regarding ethical and privacy issues. The document also discusses three levels of informatics expertise: user, modifier, and innovator. It outlines strategies for achieving nursing informatics competencies, including integrating content into nursing programs and providing continuing education opportunities.
The document discusses nursing informatics and its relevance for nursing education. It defines informatics as the science of computer information systems and the practice of information processing. It notes that while some universities offer limited coverage of electronic health records and telehealth, most do not have dedicated nursing informatics education. The document advocates that nursing students are natural users and generators of information and that educators should teach students to more effectively look for, find, interpret, share and generate information using tools like social media, infographics and common data elements. It argues nursing students do not need to become programmers or analysts but rather comfortable using information technologies.
This document provides information about a Nursing Informatics course, including the instructor, schedule, course description, objectives, outline, and definitions of key terms. The course deals with using information technology and standards in nursing, managing patient data, and clinical decision-making. It is worth 3 credits, includes both lecture and lab hours, and covers topics such as computer hardware and software, electronic health records, issues in informatics, and applications for practice, research, and the future of the field.
This document discusses the history and uses of computers in nursing. It outlines how computers first began being used in healthcare settings in the 1960s and have since become integral to nursing practice. Computers are now used for clinical documentation, admissions/discharges, developing care plans, and more. Nursing informatics also supports nursing education through tools like PowerPoint, online libraries, and testing/evaluation software. The document examines several nursing software programs and how technology has improved areas like communication, access to health records, tracking medical equipment, and diagnostic tools to help nurses work more efficiently and deliver better patient care.
This document provides an overview of nursing informatics for new nursing hires. It defines nursing informatics as using technology to support all aspects of nursing practice. Nurses' roles include computerized documentation, using patient technologies, and managing patient information for safety. A nursing informatics model is described using Lewin's Change Theory of unfreezing, changing, and refreezing to facilitate adoption of new technologies. The document explains that informatics can support patient care through research and standardized practices, as well as help administration with costs, workflows, and decision making. Finally, strategies are presented for increasing new hires' comfort with technology, such as completing training, quizzes, and asking more experienced nurses for assistance.
Nursing informatics: Technology and the Pastjhonee balmeo
The document discusses the history of nursing informatics and the impact of technology on the nursing field. It describes 19 technologies that have changed nursing, from electronic IV monitors to video conferencing. It then discusses nursing and computers through four perspectives: 1) Six time periods from the 1960s to present day, 2) How informatics impacts four areas of nursing practice, 3) Important standards initiatives, and 4) Landmark events in the development of nursing informatics. Overall, the document outlines how computer technologies have transformed nursing practice and the nursing field over the past decades.
Introduction to Nursing Informatics (4th Ed) 2014 - Chapter 4 History of Comp...anne spencer
This document summarizes key concepts from Chapter 4 of an introduction to nursing informatics textbook. It discusses the history of computing and technology, highlighting major milestones from the 1950s onward. It also profiles several nursing pioneers who contributed to the early development of informatics in areas like education, administration, care, and research. Some of the pioneers discussed include Mariann Drost Bitzer, Judith Ronald, and Kathryn Hannah. The chapter concludes with a summary of themes identified in a historical analysis of nursing informatics papers published between 1960 and 1997.
This document discusses the course Nursing Informatics. The course covers the use of information technology and data standards in nursing based on informatics principles. It deals with using clinical information systems to manage patient care and support decision making. The course objectives are to apply informatics concepts to nursing and discuss relevant issues and trends. Various topics are outlined including computers and nursing history, computer systems, issues in informatics, informatics theories, and applying informatics in different nursing practices and internationally. Students are expected to create an online nursing informatics page and do an individual or group presentation to pass the course.
This document discusses the role of information technology in nursing. It describes how computers are used to store, process, and transmit patient information. It also discusses how computer technologies like electronic medical records, clinical decision support systems, and bar coding help improve patient care, reduce errors, and increase efficiency. Nursing informatics is mentioned as the field that applies information science to nursing practice and healthcare.
Nursing informatics utilizes information technology to support nursing practice, research, and education. It aims to improve patient care and outcomes through the management and communication of nursing data, information, and knowledge. Emerging trends in nursing informatics include more ubiquitous and integrated technology solutions for clinical documentation, order management, and other areas of the nursing workflow.
1. Emerging technologies like genetics, monitoring devices, and information technologies will impact nursing by allowing nurses to become "in-formation-mediators" and analyze behind-the-scenes data to improve care. This will require changes to nursing education.
2. Under u-nursing, nurses will provide care anytime, anywhere through networks and devices. Nurses will play a key role in facilitating technology use for consumers. New nursing services will focus more on wellness and involve emerging technologies to facilitate self-care.
3. For nurses to work in u-healthcare centers, they will need new skills and knowledge involving technologies. Nursing education must be reformed to promote nursing careers and include information and communication technologies
Health Information Technology & Nursing InformaticsJil Wright
This document discusses health information technology and nursing informatics. It begins with an introduction by Jil Wright who identifies herself as a nursing informatics "geek". The document then provides resources for more information on health IT and nursing informatics. It discusses how nursing informatics integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science to support patients, nurses, and healthcare providers. Examples of clinical information systems and technologies that can help transform nursing practice are also provided, such as electronic medical records, wireless systems, and RFID technologies. Meaningful use requirements and examples of how health IT can improve documentation and the nursing process are summarized as well.
The stomach is a J-shaped organ located in the upper abdomen between the esophagus and small intestine. It has four regions - cardia, fundus, corpus, and pyloric part. The stomach stores and breaks down food through secretion of acids and enzymes. Motility mixes foods and empties contents into the small intestine. Diseases include peptic ulcers, gastritis, and stomach cancer.
This document summarizes a presentation on biometric systems. It begins by defining biometric systems as automated methods of identifying individuals based on physiological or behavioral characteristics. It then outlines the objectives of exploring biometric applications in management. It discusses types of biometrics like fingerprints and facial recognition. It explains how biometric systems work by enrolling reference templates and comparing them to new samples. It also covers benefits of biometric systems like security, convenience and accountability. Risks are discussed along with recommendations to ensure security of biometric data. The document concludes by noting biometric systems require careful risk analysis and implementation based on the environment.
Presentation Elmhurst Hospital Center October 2011 Finalpieterbaslalleman
The document discusses a research study using shadowing and a Livescribe smartpen to observe the daily work of nurse managers in hospitals. The researcher shadows four nurse managers per hospital in four case study hospitals to understand their boundary spanning roles and how they operate across the different worlds of a hospital. The smartpen allows for accurate note-taking and capturing conversations while shadowing the fast-paced work of nurse managers.
The document provides an overview of key grammatical concepts in Spanish verb conjugation, including: 1) the present tense of regular verbs, 2) stem-changing and irregular verbs, 3) the verbs ser and estar, 4) using adjectives with ser and estar, 5) the verb gustar and similar constructions, and 6) the differences between the preterite and imperfect tenses. Examples are given to illustrate how to conjugate verbs in the different tenses and forms.
The new kid in town is shown the light by an unlikely source while trying to win the girl and avoid an ass whooping from the resident bully thugs. From the book How Long Can a White Girl Last on Nebraska Avenue? and other short stories by Fred Smith. Visit theonlyfredsmith.com
Un restaurante submarino en Israel ofrece una experiencia única para comer a 6 metros de profundidad en el Mar Rojo, con grandes ventanales que permiten ver el paisaje de corales. El restaurante se encuentra instalado en medio de un jardín de corales a 90 metros de la costa en la Bahía de Eilat.
This document discusses how corporate citizenship and sustainability practices are good for business. It argues that such practices can help companies improve employee productivity and retention, enhance their brand value in the eyes of customers, and reduce various risks. The document provides examples of how companies in the meetings and events industry, such as IMEX, IAS, and McDonald's, have partnered with non-profits and measured the impacts of their sustainability programs. It encourages event planners to document their policies and report on their social and environmental impacts to key stakeholders.
The document provides a series of words beginning with different letters and their definitions. For each word, it states the word, what the word refers to, and a short description. It then prompts the reader to make sounds or motions associated with some of the letters before continuing with additional words beginning with different letters.
The document provides a monthly report for the Boiling Springs High School Library Media Center for December 2011, including details of events held like senior project presentations and a READissance luncheon that recognized top readers, along with statistics on student visits, class visits, book circulation, and computer/equipment use. Usage of the library's resources remained high throughout the month, with over 4216 student visits and 64 class visits recorded.
The aviation industry in India is experiencing strong growth, with domestic aviation market expansion tripling in the past five years and an expected annual growth rate of over 16% from 2010-2013. Major airlines like Jet Airways, Kingfisher, and Air India currently hold the largest market shares. The road ahead for aviation in India includes projected passenger traffic growth of over 15% in the next five years, and investments of $110 billion in new aircraft and airport infrastructure through 2020. This will create demand for jobs like cabin crew, which require skills like being calm under pressure, efficient, and having excellent customer service abilities.
This document discusses frames of reference and the differences between motion, distance, and displacement. It provides examples to illustrate key points. The most common frame of reference is the Earth. Motion is defined as a change in position relative to a frame of reference. Distance is the actual length traveled along a path, while displacement is the straight line distance and direction between the start and end points. Vectors contain both magnitude and direction, while scalars contain only magnitude.
Five keys to niche market in semi industry jchuSidewinder2011
The document discusses five keys to success in niche markets in the semiconductor manufacturing industry. 1) Niche markets exist just beyond current served markets. 2) Opportunities have limited windows and must be seized. 3) Profitability is the highest priority. 4) Strategy should focus on existing competencies. 5) Success comes from maximizing profit with minimum effort by leveraging competencies in niche markets.
NNFCC market review feedstocks issue one april 2012NNFCC
Each month we review the latest announcements and news from across the global crops, wood and wastes industries that supply bio-based markets. This service is exclusively for our business members
Learnings from policy baseline research of SRI-LMB - Mr. Brian LundSri Lmb
This document discusses policies and practices affecting smallholder farmers in Southeast Asia and provides recommendations. It summarizes that critical policies include transitioning agriculture, farmers' choices, rural finance, markets and private partnerships. Recommendations are provided on extension services, irrigation, climate change impacts, and strengthening farmers' groups and cooperatives. The document advocates for evidence-based policies and inclusive, participatory approaches to better support smallholder farmers, especially women.
This document summarizes a medical talk hosted by Malaysian Research & Education Network (MYREN) on December 14, 2011 at University Malaya Medical Centre. The talk aimed to promote collaborative medical research using information and communication technology. It featured several speakers discussing topics like the Asia Pacific Advanced Network medical working group, applications of medical technology, UMMC's telemedicine experience, and how MYREN can support medical activities. The goal was to increase awareness of collaborative opportunities in medical research using advanced networks.
Report-Fog Based Emergency System For Smart Enhanced Living EnvironmentKEERTHANA M
Report-An ambient assisted-living emergency system exploits cloud and fog computing, an outdoor positioning mechanism, and emergency and communication protocols to locate activity-challenged individuals.
This poster is regarding the m-Health, I'm trying to identify and enhance a specific protocol for m-Health to develop the m-Health information technology as well.
Ubiquitous Information Forwarder for Personal Healthcare Data in Cloud Comput...paperpublications3
Abstract: Today total world use Smart phones, with an increasingly mobile society and the worldwide deployment of mobile and wireless networks the wireless communications can support many current and emerging healthcare applications. It could fulfil the vision of Patient Self-Controllable and Multi Level Privacy Preserving or healthcare to anyone, anytime, and anywhere by removing place, time and other restraints while increasing both the coverage and the quality. This present applications provide the requirements of pervasive healthcare systems, wireless networking solutions , many important research problem and this applications also include pervasive health monitoring, intelligent emergency management system. Here, the present design and development of a pervasive health system enabling self-management of chronic patients during their daily activities. Directly approved physicians the indirectly approved physicians and therefore the unauthorized persons in medical consultation will severally decipher the private health data and or verify patient’s identities by satisfying the access tree with their own symptoms.
The document provides an overview of how information and communication technology (ICT) can be used in critical care units (CCU). It discusses several key ICT tools and applications including critical information systems, computerized physician order entry (CPOE), hand-held technology, and telehealth initiatives. These technologies allow for management of large patient volumes, research, error reduction, workload reduction, collaboration, and faster treatment implementation in CCUs.
ICT in healthcare refers to information and communication technologies used in healthcare, including telemedicine, mobile health, and health information systems. Telemedicine allows video conferencing between medical professionals and patients in remote areas to provide care. It has advantages like improving access to care, reducing costs, and saving travel time. Health information systems digitize patient records to improve quality of care while reducing medical spending and administrative costs. ICT plays a key role in developing new healthcare models and continuing medical education.
The document discusses the use of MYREN, the Malaysian Research and Education Network, for telemedicine applications. MYREN provides a dedicated high-speed broadband network that allows for live transmission of medical procedures between locations. This enables real-time collaboration and remote training opportunities between medical experts. Several past telemedicine demonstrations utilizing MYREN are described, and future opportunities for expanding telemedicine utilizing MYREN on a national and global scale are outlined.
Imran Sarwar Bajwa, [2010], "Virtual Telemedicine Using Natural Language Processing", International Journal of Information Technology and Web Engineering IJITWE 5(1):43-55, January 2010
CLOUD COMPUTING BASED TELEMEDICINE SERVICEIRJET Journal
This document discusses a cloud computing-based telemedicine service. The key points are:
1. Telemedicine uses technology like high-speed internet and live video streaming to provide remote medical services and access to patient data. This allows doctors to treat patients across distances.
2. Cloud computing can improve telemedicine by providing scalable computing resources and storage of medical information. Doctors and patients can access data remotely through the cloud.
3. The proposed system would use cloud computing to support a web-based telemedicine network. Medical data would be stored and processed on multiple cloud servers while maintaining patient privacy and security. This could help provide better healthcare access.
This document summarizes a proposed medical emergency response system called Neighbor Assisted Medical Emergency System (NAMES) that uses IoT technology in Bangladesh. NAMES would allow registered volunteers to provide immediate medical care or escalate emergencies to nearby pharmacies or hospitals. The system aims to reduce emergency response times and save lives compared to standard medical treatment in Bangladesh. The document reviews related work on IoT-based medical systems and presents a system model for NAMES involving initial emergency response by volunteers, escalation to pharmacies if needed, and transportation to hospitals for serious cases.
Technology based healthcare in India faces several opportunities and challenges. While technologies like telemedicine, medical imaging, and health information systems have benefits, their utilization remains limited due to issues like high costs, lack of trained personnel, low awareness among the population, and insufficient infrastructure support. Emerging areas that could enhance healthcare if properly implemented include AI, robotics, digital libraries, and personalized online health systems. However, overcoming limitations such as vendor lock-in, high training requirements, and interoperability issues will be important for the successful adoption of these technologies in India.
Mobile Technology in Medical InformaticJAMES JACKY
1. Mobile Technology in Medical Informatic
2. Mobile Health
3. The Cloud
4. MediHome
5. Itareps
6. Advantages of Mobile Technology in Medical Informatic
7. Problems faced in implementing mobile technology in medical healthcare
8. How does the systems work?
The document proposes a blockchain-based smart healthcare model using explainable artificial intelligence. It describes how internet of medical things devices can collect patient health data and transmit it securely to a blockchain network. Artificial intelligence techniques like machine learning and data fusion are then used to analyze the data and predict medical conditions. Explainable AI is incorporated to help healthcare providers understand the machine learning model's decisions. The proposed model aims to improve security, accuracy and efficiency in remote patient monitoring applications.
In this paper, a novel cloud-based WBAN health management system is introduced to. This system can be used for people’s health information collection, record, storage and transmission, health status monitoring and assessment, health education, telemedicine, and remote health management. Therefore it can provide health management services on-demand timely, appropriately and without boundaries.
IRJET- A Core Medical Treatment System forEmergency Management using CloudIRJET Journal
This document proposes a core medical treatment system using cloud computing to improve emergency management. The system would store patients' medical histories in the cloud to be accessible from any healthcare facility. This would allow doctors to access vital patient information during emergencies even if the history is from a different healthcare provider. The system would use encryption algorithms like Twofish to securely store private patient records in the cloud. This would help provide timely treatment, identify pre-existing conditions, and save more lives during medical emergencies by giving doctors access to full patient histories.
E-nursing involves the use of information and communication technologies to enhance nursing practice and improve patient outcomes. It allows nurses to access online resources, interact digitally with peers, and participate in telehealth initiatives. The goal of e-nursing is to help nurses benefit from technological advancements. It has the potential to improve decision-making, support evidence-based practice, and guide development of electronic health records. While e-nursing provides advantages, its implementation requires strategies to increase nurse competency and support within healthcare organizations.
In the last decade the healthcare monitoring systems have drawn considerable attentions of the researchers. The prime goal was to develop a reliable patient monitoring system so that the healthcare professionals can monitor their patients, who are either hospitalized or executing their normal daily life activities. In this work we present a mobile device based wireless healthcare monitoring system that can provide real time online information about physiological conditions of a patient. Our proposed system is designed to measure and monitor important physiological data of a patient in order to accurately describe the status of her/his health and fitness. In addition the proposed system is able to send alarming message about the patient’s critical health data by text messages or by email reports. By using the information contained in the text or e-mail message the healthcare professional can provide necessary medical
advising. The system mainly consists of sensors, the data acquisition unit, microcontroller (i.e., Arduino), and software (i.e., LabVIEW). The patient’s temperature, heart beat rate, muscles, blood pressure, blood glucose level, and ECG data are monitored, displayed, and stored by our system. To ensure reliability and accuracy the proposed system has been field tested. The test results show that our system is able to measure the patient’s physiological data with a very high accuracy.
Telehealth care enhancement using the internet of things technologyjournalBEEI
Chronic diseases quickly become broader public health issues because of the difficulty in obtaining appropriate, often long-term health care. So that, it requires the extension of health care for patients with chronic diseases beyond the clinic to include patient’s home and work environment. To reduce costs and provide more appropriate healthcare, we need telehealth care where internet of things (IoT) technology plays an important role. The integration of the IoT and medical science offers opportunities to improve healthcare quality, and efficiency and to better coordinate healthcare delivery at home and in the workplace. In this paper, we present the realization of a remote healthcare system based on the IoT technology. The function of this system is the transmission via a gateway of internet collected data using biomedical sensors node based Arduino board (e.g., temperature, electrical activity of the heart, heart rate monitor). These data will be stored automatically in a cloud. The health can then be monitored by the doctor or patient using a web page in real-time from anywhere at any time in the world using laptops or smart phones, etc. This method also reduces the need for direct interaction between doctor and patient.
Tomorrow’s doctors are undoubtedly considered with an inherent capacity and engagement for continuing professional learning and development, as well as, appropriate decision making. Thus, medical schools are exploring various ways in which technology can support the preparation of students for work-based learning as well as enhancing the work-based learning placements. Technological advances in healthcare focus on the prospects of offering ubiquitous and continuous measurements of patient/citizen activities for lifestyle management improvement (prevention), detection of early symptoms for any deterioration (prognosis), etc. This is changing the traditional ways of offering medical education. How can technology be used to address this need? In this talk we use examples of recent developments to demonstrate the issue of augmenting health professionals to tackle this new disruptive space of healthcare.
This paper reviews the use of wireless sensor networks for healthcare applications. It discusses how wireless sensor networks can collect physiological and health data from people across various settings, from personal to urban. It outlines several healthcare applications of wireless sensor networks, including monitoring vital signs in hospitals, assisting first responders, and enabling large-scale studies of human behavior and diseases. However, healthcare applications pose significant technical challenges for wireless sensor networks due to stringent requirements for reliability, privacy, and security. The paper reviews these challenges and provides examples of research working to address them.
Similar to International Journal of Biometrics and Bioinformatics(IJBB) Volume (2) Issue (5) (20)
3. Table of Contents
Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2008.
Pages
1- 9 An Efficient Emergency, Healthcare, and Medical Information
System.
Shihab A. Hameed, Aisha-Hassan A. Hashim, Shahina Shabnam
M. Sharifudeen, Vladimir Meho, Othaman Khalifa.
International Journal of Biometrics and Bioinformatics, (IJBB), Volume (2) : Issue (5)
4. Shihab A. Hameed, Aisha Hassan, Shahina Shabnam, Vladimir Miho & Othman Khalifa
An Efficient Emergency, Healthcare, and Medical Information
System
SHIHAB A. HAMEED shihab@iiu.edu.my
Faculty of Engineering/ Electrical and Computer Department
International Islamic University Malaysia
Kuala Lumpur, 53100, Malaysia
AISHA-HASSAN A. HASHIM aisha@iiu.edu.my
Faculty of Engineering/ Electrical and Computer Department
International Islamic University Malaysia
Kuala Lumpur, 53100, Malaysia
SHAHINA SHABNAM M. SHARIFUDEEN shahina_shabnam@yahoo.com
Faculty of Engineering/ Electrical and Computer Department
International Islamic University Malaysia
Kuala Lumpur, 53100, Malaysia
VLADIMIR MEHO vladimir.miho@gmail.com
Faculty of engineering/ Electrical and Computer Department
International Islamic University Malaysia
Kuala Lumpur, 53100, Malaysia
OTHMAN KHALIFA khalifa@iiu.edu.my
Faculty of engineering/ Electrical and Computer Department
International Islamic University Malaysia
Kuala Lumpur, 53100, Malaysia
Abstract
Many of the current Malaysian medical information and emergency systems are still paper-based
and stand alone systems that do not fully utilize the Internet, multimedia, wireless and real time
technologies. This research work focuses on developing an integrated Emergency, Healthcare,
and Medical Information System (IEHMS) that can overcome many of the problems in the current
systems. The main aim of this work is to incorporate the real-time and mobility technologies with
medical emergency systems. Our proposed system can offer: SMS, MMS, live audio and video
coverage. A prototype for the proposed system is implemented using open source tools.
1. INTRODUCTION
Nowadays, Internet plays a significant role in connecting all the participants in the health community. It is used to
control remote medical equipments, communication between parties such as patients and doctors, search for needed
information, transferring text, graphics, audio and video files as well as supporting collaboration in real-time [1].
In the web-based multimedia environment, the images for medical system can be categorized into different types:
magnetic resonance (MR), computerized topography (CT), X-ray, electrocardiograms (ECG) among others as well as
medical information in forms of charts, graphs and others. These images could be loaded electronically with digital
devices into the patient medical information. Thus, this would prevent the patient’s medical images from damage or
lost. Besides, it would be much comfortable for both patient and doctor, where, a patient may go for treatment in other
medical center without carrying the medical report. The doctors could also view the patient health related images for
further clarification without re-examine the patient [2].
International Journals of Biometric and Bioinformatics (IJBB), Volume (2) : Issue (5) 1
5. Shihab A. Hameed, Aisha Hassan, Shahina Shabnam, Vladimir Miho & Othman Khalifa
A mobile phone, PDA and other mobility devices can be used to link to the system. The wireless application protocol
(WAP) is used to standardize the way mobility devices associated for Internet access, including e-mail and the World
Wide Web. [3]
Many of the current Malaysian healthcare, medical information and emergency systems are still paper-based and
stand alone systems that do not fully utilize the Internet, multimedia, wireless and real time technologies. We can
summarize the drawbacks for such systems [4][5][6][7][8] as:
− Lack of global shared system that is being used by all the emergency and healthcare centers
− Several of the medical centers that use electronic medical storage system for storing patients’ information are
window-based.
− Lack of utilizing open source software, which results in expensive to maintain systems.
− Lack of supporting multimedia environment, real-time and mobility technology
− Lack of integration between medical and emergency systems
− Lack of automatic generation for Plan of Care (the Plan of Care is a document created to finalize the treatment
order)
An emergency system reduces the risk of an emergency case to the health and safety of persons and valuables by
providing an effective means of communication with relevant authorities, safety guidelines and measures to be taken
in an emergency situation [9]. Several of these systems are normally rely on the existing telephone and other
communications infrastructure via operators and service personnel; therefore they suffer from several drawbacks: [10]
− Require prior knowledge on how to behave under each situation.
− Require effective description for the emergency case and location to the emergency personnel on duty.
− The person reporting the emergency has to wait for a response before passing on the message.
− Lack of usage for advanced capabilities of multimedia technology such as video, graphs and pictures.
− Lack of integration with medical information systems.
Many hospitals’ emergency centers are not efficient enough because the big number of emergency cases, which is not
easy to be handled. In an emergency department, most likely a nurse will determine the severity of the wound and
check patient’s vital signs such as temperature, blood pressure and heart rate. Additional personal information and
medical history have to be obtained. In case patient’s information is stored in another clinic or hospital they have to be
obtained. Unless the patient has brought the personal file along, getting the required information will slow down the
process. An emergency physician will have to examine the patient. In some cases, the patient needs great attention
and sometimes the surgery room or other devices will be needed. All these will have to be arranged in timely manner,
which in general is not the case.
The lack or misunderstanding of ethical principles for people related to medical environment is another important
problem that is reflected in the behavior of people as client or medical related staff, which affect the whole process.
2. EXISTING MEDICAL RELATED APPLICATIONS
Telemedicine can be defined as the use of audio, video, and other telecommunications and electronic information
processing technologies to provide health services or assist health care personnel at distant sites [11]. Nowadays the
evolution of wireless communication means enables telemedicine systems to operate across the world, increasing
telemedicine benefits, applications, and services. The following are sample of projects that have been developed in
the field of telemedicine and communication.
− Momeda that stands for Mobile Medical Data is a demonstrator that can be used from a PDA (Personal Digital
Assistant) to access electronic patient record data and provide it to the consulting physician. Diagnostic
information such as radiological images as well as text and laboratory data is transmitted to a wireless pocket-size
terminal in a user-friendly multimedia format using Web-approach.[12] It allows patients to access customized
disease-specific information material that enables them to fully understand in a simple and constructive form what
their medical problem is, what the planned procedures are, what lifestyle they should follow during and after their
hospitalization, thus becoming more qualified partners in the recovery process.[13]
− The Ambulance project was developed by the national university of Athens. They develop a portable emergency
telemedicine device that supports real time transmission of critical biosignals as well as still images of the patients
using GSM link. [14]
− Emergency-112 is an extension of the ambulance project. They targeted to: reduces treatment times, improve
medical diagnosis, and reduce costs by developing an integrated portable medical device for Emergency
Telemedicine. The transmission of critical biosignals (ECG, BP, HR, SpO2, and Temperature) and images to an
Emergency call centre enables physicians to direct pre-hospital care more effectively, improving patient outcomes
International Journals of Biometric and Bioinformatics (IJBB), Volume (2) : Issue (5) 2
6. Shihab A. Hameed, Aisha Hassan, Shahina Shabnam, Vladimir Miho & Othman Khalifa
and reducing mortality. The device allows numerous communication links, both fixed and wireless which maximize
the potential use in different emergency situations. Networking links to medical information databases, Hospital
Information Systems, and Inter-hospital links are also provided to maximize information available to consulting
physicians. The Emergency-112 system has been used successfully since 1998 in three European Countries
(Greece, Italy, and Cyprus). Nevertheless, as the above projects mainly use a slow GSM link (9.6kbps), it cannot
incorporate video along its transmission nor can it support high resolution imaging [15].
− Multimedia telemedicine system (MTS) is a client/server architecture that uses TCP/IP over the Internet. Doctor
with patient and doctor can communicate each other by exchanging real-time data including audio, video and
instant message (IM), and non-real-time data, including vital sign signals, radiological images with DICOM 3.0, file,
bio-signal, bio-data etc. [16]
− Project E-vita is a commercial browser based electronic health record system with a low bandwidth requirement.
Patient clinical encounter history with nurses, doctors and other healthcare professionals from multiple agencies
can all be recorded in one easy to use browser based patient record. [17].
3. INTEGRATED EMERGENCY, HEALTHCARE AND MEDICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM
(IEHMS)
To overcome the weakness of the current Malaysian medical related system; we propose this project, which is an
Integrated Emergency, Healthcare and Medical Information System (IEHMS). It provides an easy to use, efficient and
cost-effective web based system while making use of multimedia environment, real time and mobility technology. The
main features of this system can be summarized as:
− Creating a virtual global community
− Investigating and overcoming the weaknesses of the current medical emergency systems
− Offering real time communication between the client/patient and the emergency officer through:
o SMS (Short Message Service)
o MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service)
o Live chat (web based)
o IVR (Integrated Voice Response)
o email
− Developing a real time agent based medical emergency system by using multimedia, web 2.0 and mobility
technology
− Offering User friendly web interface application:
o For the emergency center/hospital staff to interact with the client/patient.
o To provide doctors with up to date medical records for the patient(s)
o To provide patients with up to date personal medical related data as well as customized disease-related
information.
− Offering guidance and address to the nearest emergency center or hospital.
− Arrange all the required equipments needed in emergency cases (emergency room, surgery room, special tools
needed, assign a doctor to the case, automatically inform and call the doctor, etc.)
− Offer multiple language web interfaces.
− Offering ethical principles for people related to medical environment.
The Integrated Emergency, Healthcare, and Medical Information System (IEHMS) will be developed in the web-based
multimedia environment, mobility and real-time technology. The system provides an integrated medical database,
which can provide stakeholders with related medical information. The registered users can log into the system to
access or provide medical information based on their accessing privilege. The medical information can be stored in a
variety of multimedia forms such as video, audio, pictures and text. For example, in addition to text description of
patients’ historical medical information, graphic images such as X-rays or video files of doctors’ discussion about the
disease can also be saved in patients’ record.
The system will have the capabilities for finding the patient location based (in case of an emergency call) and suggest
the nearest emergency center, arrange all necessary related patient information to be ready for the physician when the
patient arrives, assigning a doctor to the patient based on the availability of the doctors and list all necessary
requirements (if any) such as special devices or surgery room.
The system is an open cross-platform web-based real-time client-server environment with multiple language
capabilities. The client system is loaded with multi-form interfaces, database access functionalities, and multimedia
information processing and manipulation tools. The system provides mechanisms for exchange of image files, shared
discussion lists, textual information exchange, access to images and data exported from local data bases, voice and
video transmission.
International Journals of Biometric and Bioinformatics (IJBB), Volume (2) : Issue (5) 3
7. Shihab A. Hameed, Aisha Hassan, Shahina Shabnam, Vladimir Miho & Othman Khalifa
The scripting language used to build the system is PHP and the database utilized is MySQL. MySQL is a true multi-
user, multi-threaded SQL database server. PHP is an HTML-embedded scripting language. The goal of PHP is to
allow web developers to write dynamically generated pages. By implementing MySQL and PHP together, one can
design a functional web-based database quickly [18].
4. IEHMS SYSTEM DESIGN
Figure 1 shows the architecture of the overall system that consists of the following components:
− Web Server: will listens for requests from Web browsers and upon receiving a request for a file sends it back to
the browser. It will host the program and control information for the system
− Database: this is a fundamental part of the system. It stores all important and detailed information about the
system stakeholder such as general users, emergency authorities, doctors, patients, hospitals and emergency
centers, places or locations and events within the area of implementation. .Beside that there is detail set of
prerecorded SMS and MMS, which are suitable for different emergency and guidance cases. In addition, the
database supports real-time multimedia. Hence it has both temporal validity and precise timing constrains [19]
[20], which allow it to store the most recent data and effect instant changes as soon as they occur.
− Telephony Server: will act as a Private Branch Exchange (i.e. a private telephone network used within an
enterprise). The system will use the open source Asterisk PBX [21]. Users are able to call the PBX number and
will be prompted with an interactive voice response (IVR). The IVR options will be generated by the Agent
according to the selections made by the caller. The telephony server will also host a SMS server that will be
responsible for communication between the patient/user and the Agent.
− The SMS server will continually listen for incoming SMS messages, process and pass them to the Agent. The
agent will respond accordingly and the SMS server will deliver the response back to the user.
− Streaming Media Server: this is a dedicated Streaming Server for streaming multimedia to the stakeholders. It
provides high quality media, effective bandwidth utilization, and supports detailed reporting and multi-stream
multimedia for larger numbers of users [22].
LAPT OP
PDA
D ESKTOP SM ART PH ON E
IN T E R N E T
SM AR T PH ON E
PDA PSTN
PH ON E F IR E W A L L
D at ab as e
T ELEPH ON Y S ERV ER W EB SER VE R AGEN T R U LES
D ata bas e
H O S P IT A L I N F O
S T R E A M IN G S E R V E R D AT ABASE SER VER
D ata bas e
D O C T O R IN F O
D ata bas e
D atab as e
M E D I C IN E I N F O
P A T IE N T IN F O
Figure1: Overall IEHMS architecture
Web Interface: the interface is simple, user friendly and requires little input from the user, mostly in the form of
choices. It is based on Web 2.0 technology and has multiple language features.
International Journals of Biometric and Bioinformatics (IJBB), Volume (2) : Issue (5) 4
8. Shihab A. Hameed, Aisha Hassan, Shahina Shabnam, Vladimir Miho & Othman Khalifa
5. PRELIMINARY RESULTS ANALYSIS
This research paper is work toward defining preliminary version of IEHMS system. A prototype as part of the
suggested system has been build and some of the above mentioned features have been implemented. They include
client application, administrator application, doctor application and mobility access system application.
Client application is the interface between the user and the system. Figure 2 shows a simple diagram of the client
application architecture. It uses the Data-Manager layer to access and modify the database. The users have to be
authenticated before they start using the system. The authorization function is global for all types of users, however the
interface from where the users login is separated.
Figure 2: Client application architecture
Figure 3 shows the login interface for administrators and doctors. Each user will have different privileges that will be
assigned accordingly by the system administrators.
Figure 3: Login interface
Administrator application is responsible for managing the system configuration, management of the system users,
medical information, patients, doctors, hospital staff, etc. Figure 4 shows the interface for adding new doctor work
schedule. Administration system is component based designed so that different components can be easily added at
any time to extent the functionality of the system.
Figure 4: Add doctor work schedule
International Journals of Biometric and Bioinformatics (IJBB), Volume (2) : Issue (5) 5
9. Shihab A. Hameed, Aisha Hassan, Shahina Shabnam, Vladimir Miho & Othman Khalifa
Doctor application allows doctors to access past medical reports on patients as shown in Figure 5, summary of
patient’s records, record diseases and appropriate medicine after consulting a patient, record diseases and any
related treatment, etc.
Figure 5: Patient Medical Report
Clients are able to use phone to access The Mobility Access System Application can be accessed by clients using
WAP enabled phones. Figure 6(a) shows system’s interface when accessed through a phone. The user can invoke
the system from a mobile device to search for nearest HCC and availability of doctor as shown in Figure 6(b).
(a) (b)
Figure 6: (a) Welcome screen. (b) Search interface
Once user generates a search request, the web server transfers further requests to the Servlet engine. The Servlet
communicates with the database to obtain the required data. The request is forwarded to a Java Server Page, which
then reads the data and forms the response HTML document. This document is sent to the client by the Servlet engine
through the web server. Figure 7 shows the architecture of the mobility access system.
Figure 7: Mobility access system architecture
International Journals of Biometric and Bioinformatics (IJBB), Volume (2) : Issue (5) 6
10. Shihab A. Hameed, Aisha Hassan, Shahina Shabnam, Vladimir Miho & Othman Khalifa
The system offers advance search capabilities on both web and mobile interfaces. Figure 8 shows the graphical user
interface of the searching. Users can enter search criteria such as country, state and doctor’s specialist type. In this
particular example, the user is searching for “Malaysia” as country, “Selangor” as state and “Obstetrics & Gynaelogy”
as doctor’s specialist type.
Figure 8: Search interface
The search results will be shown in friendly interface. The paging capability allows the user to easily navigate between
the returned results. The user will also be able to specify the number of records that is to be displayed at a time in the
screen. Figure 9 shows some sample results returned from the system.
Figure 9: Returned search results
The RDBMS used to host the data is MySQL which is open source software. The system database consists of a
number of tables. A short list of tables and their description is included in the Table 1. Each of the tables consists of a
certain number of related fields.
T 1: Partial list of database tables
Description
Table Name
User account For user authentication
Patient_info Patient personal information
Patient_medical_reco Patient medical record
rd
HCC_info Health care centre (HCC) information
HCC_dept HCC department details
HCC_staff_info HCC Staff information which include HCC
administrator nurses, others except doctor
HCC_doctor_ info HCC doctor information
International Journals of Biometric and Bioinformatics (IJBB), Volume (2) : Issue (5) 7
11. Shihab A. Hameed, Aisha Hassan, Shahina Shabnam, Vladimir Miho & Othman Khalifa
HCC_work_slot Working slot of the doctors. This is to view
the availability of doctors.
diseases_info Diseases information and its appropriate
treatment.
update_person_ Information about whom update the
info information of the patient (doctor or nurse)
country list Country list and its 3-letter abbreviation - (for
drop down menu)
state list State list and its 3-letter abbreviation (filtered
by country)- (for drop menu)
specialty_type Specialization of doctor (for drop down
menu)
The figure 10 shows the details for table HCC_staff_info.
FIGURE 10: HCC_staff_info table details
6. CONCLUSION
The study of the current Malaysian emergency, healthcare and medical information systems shows that they have
several drawbacks such as lack of sharing between hospitals, no integration between emergency, healthcare and
medical information systems, lack of utilizing real-time and mobility technologies, still some parts are paper-based and
stand alone systems. Thus, this paper is to develop an integrated Emergency, Healthcare, and Medical Information
System (IEHMS) that can overcome many of the above problems.
The proposed system contrast with the traditional approach in which, health professionals would need to gather
information from many different devices or locations in the medical center to obtain a complete picture of a patient’s
status.
A prototype for IEHMS using the multimedia web environment, real-time and mobility technologies has been designed
and implemented. The result meets some of the objectives of developing IEHMS system. It can be used to search the
nearest health center and check for the availability of the specialist doctor in that particular hospital with a minimal
input from the user. The system alerts the availability doctors by sending SMS or email notification. In emergency
situation SMS application is used to get assistance from the system to locate the nearest medical or healthcare centre
and contacts them automatically.
International Journals of Biometric and Bioinformatics (IJBB), Volume (2) : Issue (5) 8
12. Shihab A. Hameed, Aisha Hassan, Shahina Shabnam, Vladimir Miho & Othman Khalifa
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International Journals of Biometric and Bioinformatics (IJBB), Volume (2) : Issue (5) 9