The document provides examples of Latin noun declensions, asking the reader to identify cases. It covers:
- First declension nominative, accusative, and ablative forms. Examples include cistam, amicâ, and puellae.
- Second declension singular and plural forms. Examples include servum, ramos, and nuntio.
- Third declension singular and plural forms. Examples include arboribus, noctem, and voce.
The reader is quizzed on identifying cases and receiving feedback to try again or told they are correct before moving to the next example. The purpose is to practice identifying Latin noun cases.
Reported Speech is used to report what someone said. When we use reported speech, we are usually talking about the past. So, verbs usually change to the past in reported speech. (Haryanti, 2000: 31).
They are two ways of relating what a person has said:
1. Direct Speech
In direct speech we repeat the original speaker’s exact words.
Example: He said, ‘ I have lost my umbrella.’
2. Indirect (Reported) Speech
In indirect speech we give the exact meaning of a remark or a speech, without necessarily using the speaker’s exact words.
Example: He said (that) he had lost his umbrella
The Rules of Reported Speech
1. When we use reported speech, the main verb of the sentence is usually past.
Example:
Tom said that he was feeling ill.
I told her that I didn’t have any money.
2. In general, the present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speech
Example:
Direct Judy: My parents are very well.
Reported Judy said that her parents were very well.
3. In general, the past simple form in direct speech changes to the past perfect in reported speech.
Example:
Direct Tom said: ‘I woke up feeling ill, so I didn’t go to work.
Reported Tom said (that) he had woken up feeling ill, so he hadn’t gone to work
The Kind of Reported Speech
There are many kinds of reported speech:
1. Reported Statement
Reported statement uses the reporting verb ‘that’, but ‘that’ is optional, so it is placed in bracket.
Example:
Quoted Statement She said, ‘I watch TV everyday.
Reported Statement She said (that) she watched TV everyday.
2. Reported Imperative
Reported Imperative is used to report invitation or command from someone to other people.
Example :
Quoted Imperative : Jamal said, ‘Please come to my party’.
Reported Imperative : Jamal invited me to come to his party.
Note :
In the reporterd Imperative, verb follows by object (pro) noun and then followed by infinitive phrase.
The following verbs is always used in reported imperative:
Advice - permit - invite
Ask - encourage - order
Remind - tell - warn
3. Reported Question
Reported Question is used to report questions. The interrogative form of the verb changes to the affimative form, the question mark (?) is therefore omitted in reported speech.
Example:
Quoted Question : He said, ‘Where does she live?’
Reported Question : He asked where she lived.
4. Reported Exclamation
Reported Exclamation is reporting of someone’s feeling or see.
Example:
Quoted Exclamation : He said, ‘What a dreadful thing!’
Reported Exclamation : He said that it was a dreadful thing.
Key Advertising Opportunities in the Online Travel Industry in 2016Francesco Canzoniere
OTAs are best positioned to capture the largest share of hotel bookings. Smartphone bookings are expected to surge, particularly last-minute bookings. Cross-device will heavily
impact booking attribution. State-of-the-art apps will generate the majority of mobile bookings.
Download the full report at:
http://www.criteo.com/media/4290/travel-report-q2-2016-pdf.pdf
Reported Speech is used to report what someone said. When we use reported speech, we are usually talking about the past. So, verbs usually change to the past in reported speech. (Haryanti, 2000: 31).
They are two ways of relating what a person has said:
1. Direct Speech
In direct speech we repeat the original speaker’s exact words.
Example: He said, ‘ I have lost my umbrella.’
2. Indirect (Reported) Speech
In indirect speech we give the exact meaning of a remark or a speech, without necessarily using the speaker’s exact words.
Example: He said (that) he had lost his umbrella
The Rules of Reported Speech
1. When we use reported speech, the main verb of the sentence is usually past.
Example:
Tom said that he was feeling ill.
I told her that I didn’t have any money.
2. In general, the present form in direct speech changes to the past form in reported speech
Example:
Direct Judy: My parents are very well.
Reported Judy said that her parents were very well.
3. In general, the past simple form in direct speech changes to the past perfect in reported speech.
Example:
Direct Tom said: ‘I woke up feeling ill, so I didn’t go to work.
Reported Tom said (that) he had woken up feeling ill, so he hadn’t gone to work
The Kind of Reported Speech
There are many kinds of reported speech:
1. Reported Statement
Reported statement uses the reporting verb ‘that’, but ‘that’ is optional, so it is placed in bracket.
Example:
Quoted Statement She said, ‘I watch TV everyday.
Reported Statement She said (that) she watched TV everyday.
2. Reported Imperative
Reported Imperative is used to report invitation or command from someone to other people.
Example :
Quoted Imperative : Jamal said, ‘Please come to my party’.
Reported Imperative : Jamal invited me to come to his party.
Note :
In the reporterd Imperative, verb follows by object (pro) noun and then followed by infinitive phrase.
The following verbs is always used in reported imperative:
Advice - permit - invite
Ask - encourage - order
Remind - tell - warn
3. Reported Question
Reported Question is used to report questions. The interrogative form of the verb changes to the affimative form, the question mark (?) is therefore omitted in reported speech.
Example:
Quoted Question : He said, ‘Where does she live?’
Reported Question : He asked where she lived.
4. Reported Exclamation
Reported Exclamation is reporting of someone’s feeling or see.
Example:
Quoted Exclamation : He said, ‘What a dreadful thing!’
Reported Exclamation : He said that it was a dreadful thing.
Key Advertising Opportunities in the Online Travel Industry in 2016Francesco Canzoniere
OTAs are best positioned to capture the largest share of hotel bookings. Smartphone bookings are expected to surge, particularly last-minute bookings. Cross-device will heavily
impact booking attribution. State-of-the-art apps will generate the majority of mobile bookings.
Download the full report at:
http://www.criteo.com/media/4290/travel-report-q2-2016-pdf.pdf
Adjectives are modifiers that modify a noun or noun-like words in a sentence. I have discussed their kinds and usage and the common error we commit while writing or placing them.
1Unit ILesson 6 Grammar and StyleAdjectives and Adverbs.docxfelicidaddinwoodie
1
Unit I
Lesson 6: Grammar and Style
Adjectives and Adverbs
Adjectives
Adjectives are modifiers: Modifiers include words, phrases, and clauses.
Adjectives modify or say something about a noun or a pronoun. Adjectives can tell what color, how many, how big or small, in fact just about anything about the words they modify.
There are several very specific things about adjectives that we have to be aware of as we write and speak:
1. One common error in slang, low diction, and conversational English is to misuse an adjective to modify another adjective.
For example:
He is real tall.
Here the word real is an adjective, but it cannot modify another adjective, tall.
The correct form would be, “He is really tall.” In this case, really, an adverb, can modify the adjective tall.
Another example:
Yesterday I was real sick the whole time at school
Here real attempts to modify the adjective sick. As above, an adjective can never modify another adjective.
The correct form would be, “Yesterday I was really sick the whole time at school.”
2. Adjectives conform to particular and traditional positions, in English usually immediately before what they modify.
Most of the time, adjectives come directly in front of the word they are modifying.
For example:
She drove a new pink Mercedes.
The hot, roaring fire engulfed the house.
In both cases here, there are two adjectives in front of the words they modify.
Another common position for the adjective is at the end of the sentence. This common structure takes the form of subject + linking verb + adjective. Many of these structures, as you will see, are common everyday expressions.
For example:
The quarterback for the opposing team is extremely tall.
Here the adjective tall modifies the subject of the sentence, quarterback.
Sharks in these waters have been known to be very aggressive.
Here the adjective aggressive modifies the subject, sharks.
Food in this part of New Orleans is generally accepted to be very expensive.
Here the adjective expensive modifies the subject, food.
3. Adjectives also normally appear in three different forms, depending on what they are modifying and the context. These are called the positive, what you might call the normal or typical form of the adjective; the comparative, used when you are comparing two items; and the superlative, used when you are comparing one item to three or more other similar items.
For example:
Positive Comparative Superlative
fast faster fastest
good better best
smooth smoother smoothest
Note that adjectives of multiple syllables have to use more and most to make their comparative and superlative forms:
Positive Comparative Superlative
Redolent more redolent most redolent
Note that you could not say redolenter or redolentest.
Fragrant more fragrant most fragrant
Again, there are no such words as fragranter or fragrantest.
Also note that you cannot mix the two forms—that is, add more or most to a form that is made by ...
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GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
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https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
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Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
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