The document discusses reported or indirect speech in English. It explains that indirect speech involves changing verbs, pronouns, possessive adjectives, time and place expressions when reporting what someone else said. For example, changing "I" to "she", "here" to "there", present tense verbs to past tense, and changing other verb tenses and modal verbs accordingly when moving from direct to indirect speech. It provides examples of these types of changes and guidelines for using "say" versus "tell" in reported statements.

1. Reported speech El estilo indirecto

2. Reported speech Estilo directo : Uso de comillas Uso de mayusculas al comienzo Verbo introductorio al comienzo o al final Jane said, “I have to go” “ The woman is here,” Billy said

3. Reported speech Estilo indirecto: No hay comillas Hay cambios en verbos, pronombres, posesivos, demostrativos, expresiones de tiempo y lugar... Introducimos ”that”, aunque puede omitirse Jane said that she had to go Billy said that the woman was there

4. Cambios... De persona en los pronombres: Tom said, “ I live in Oxford”  Tom said h e lived in Oxford Ann and Jo said, “ I like your bag”  Ann and Jo said they liked my bag

5. Cambios... Expresiones de lugar: John said, “I’m having a party here ”  John said he was having a party there

6. Cambios ... Expresiones de tiempo: Mike said,“It’s raining now ”  Mike said it was raining then He said, “I’ll help you tomorrow ”  He said he would help me the next day

7. Cambios de expresiones de tiempo (direct) (reported) today  that day now  then last night  the previous night / the night before yesterday  the day before / the previous day a week ago  the week before next week  the following week tomorrow  the following day

8. Cambios... Tiempo verbal: Ann said, “I ’ m hungry”  Ann said she was hungry Janet said, “He is not very intelligent  Janet said he was not very intelligent

9. Cambios en tiempos verbales (direct) (reported) present simple  past simple past simple  past perfect present continuous  past continuous past continuous  past perfect continuous present perfect  past perfect past perfect  past perfect present perf. contin  past perfect continuous future (will)  conditional

10. Cambios... En verbos modales: can  could must  had to may  might ” The doctor said, ”You must stop smoking”  The doctor said that I had to stop smoking

11. Cambios... Demostrativos y adjetivos posesivos: This  that These  those ” These are my friends,” she said  She said that those were her friends

12. ”Say” o ”tell”? TELL se usa solo cuando tenemos un comple-mento de persona (cuando se menciona a quien se le dice algo). Jane told me that she was tired SAY se suele usar cuando no mencionamos a quíen se le dice algo, aunque también se puede usar con complemento de persona (con la prepo-sición ”to”): Jane said that she was tired Jane said to me that she was tired

13. Otros verbos Afirmaciones (statements): amit (admitir) announce (anunciar) answer (responder) apologise (disculparse) explain (explicar) insist (insistir) mention (mencionar) state (afirmar)

14. http://laotraclasedeingles.wordpress.com E l estilo indirecto  R eported speech IsC-2011