The Integrated Rural Development Program (IRDP) was launched in 1978 with the aim of providing employment opportunities and improving living standards for rural families below the poverty line. It provides subsidies and loans for income-generating activities. However, widespread corruption and misuse of funds has been reported, with ineligible individuals and families receiving loans. There is little monitoring of loan recovery. While the intentions of the program are good, its implementation has been undermined by political interference focused on certain constituencies.
The IRDP (Integrated Rural Development Program) was introduced in 1979 to provide gainful employment and increase purchasing power for rural poor and weaker sections of society. It aimed to use local resources and science/technology to create simple, economically viable jobs. To manage the program, District Rural Development Agencies (DRDAs) were established at the district level, governed by a council headed by the DRDA Project Officer. The program was jointly funded by central and state governments and implemented through strengthened development blocks, but suffered issues like inadequate resources, poor asset quality, and delays.
community development Programme (CDP) in rural development Ravi Adhikari
community development project in rural development
importance of community development project in rural development
Community Development Programmes Objectives & Features
The Community Development Programme was launched in 1952 by the Government of India to promote social and economic development in rural areas through community participation. It aimed to improve livelihoods, increase agricultural production, provide healthcare, education, drinking water and sanitation facilities to rural communities. The programme was administered at the national, state, district, block and village levels and focused on developing agriculture, education, employment, health services, communication and organization of cooperatives in villages. It sought to empower rural communities and improve their living standards through a holistic development approach.
According to World Bank
“Rural development is growth strategy for a particular target population -the rural poor . It involves extending of benefits of development to those future lies in the pursuit of livelihood in rural areas .These include small farmers, landless and women.”
The community development program aims to improve quality of life through objectives like increasing agricultural production, reducing unemployment, and developing infrastructure, education, health, and housing. The benefits of such programs include improved access to services, economic opportunities, empowerment, and addressing issues like poverty. However, programs may face challenges like lack of funding, resistance to change, and inadequate community participation.
The document summarizes several early rural development projects in India prior to independence in 1947. It describes projects started by individuals like Sir Daniel Hamilton's 1903 scheme of rural reconstruction in West Bengal. It also outlines government-led initiatives like the 1920 Gurgaon experiment in Punjab and the 1946 Firka Development Program in Madras. The objectives of these early efforts included increasing agricultural production, promoting education and sanitation, and improving economic and social conditions of rural communities.
The document summarizes the evolution of the national extension system in India after independence. It discusses the initial community development projects launched in 1952 to strengthen rural development. This was followed by the establishment of community development blocks in 1954 and panchayati raj system in 1957, which institutionalized democratic decentralization through a three-tier system of governance at the village, block and district levels. The document outlines the functions and organizational structure of gram panchayats, panchayat samitis and zilla parishads under the panchayati raj system.
The document discusses rural poverty in India. It defines poverty and outlines the poverty line used in India. It then lists several factors that contribute to poverty, including rapidly rising population, low agricultural productivity, underutilized resources, and unemployment. The document also suggests suitable measures to address poverty, such as providing employment opportunities, minimum needs programs, social security programs, developing small industries, and land reforms. It concludes by outlining some key poverty alleviation programs implemented in India.
The IRDP (Integrated Rural Development Program) was introduced in 1979 to provide gainful employment and increase purchasing power for rural poor and weaker sections of society. It aimed to use local resources and science/technology to create simple, economically viable jobs. To manage the program, District Rural Development Agencies (DRDAs) were established at the district level, governed by a council headed by the DRDA Project Officer. The program was jointly funded by central and state governments and implemented through strengthened development blocks, but suffered issues like inadequate resources, poor asset quality, and delays.
community development Programme (CDP) in rural development Ravi Adhikari
community development project in rural development
importance of community development project in rural development
Community Development Programmes Objectives & Features
The Community Development Programme was launched in 1952 by the Government of India to promote social and economic development in rural areas through community participation. It aimed to improve livelihoods, increase agricultural production, provide healthcare, education, drinking water and sanitation facilities to rural communities. The programme was administered at the national, state, district, block and village levels and focused on developing agriculture, education, employment, health services, communication and organization of cooperatives in villages. It sought to empower rural communities and improve their living standards through a holistic development approach.
According to World Bank
“Rural development is growth strategy for a particular target population -the rural poor . It involves extending of benefits of development to those future lies in the pursuit of livelihood in rural areas .These include small farmers, landless and women.”
The community development program aims to improve quality of life through objectives like increasing agricultural production, reducing unemployment, and developing infrastructure, education, health, and housing. The benefits of such programs include improved access to services, economic opportunities, empowerment, and addressing issues like poverty. However, programs may face challenges like lack of funding, resistance to change, and inadequate community participation.
The document summarizes several early rural development projects in India prior to independence in 1947. It describes projects started by individuals like Sir Daniel Hamilton's 1903 scheme of rural reconstruction in West Bengal. It also outlines government-led initiatives like the 1920 Gurgaon experiment in Punjab and the 1946 Firka Development Program in Madras. The objectives of these early efforts included increasing agricultural production, promoting education and sanitation, and improving economic and social conditions of rural communities.
The document summarizes the evolution of the national extension system in India after independence. It discusses the initial community development projects launched in 1952 to strengthen rural development. This was followed by the establishment of community development blocks in 1954 and panchayati raj system in 1957, which institutionalized democratic decentralization through a three-tier system of governance at the village, block and district levels. The document outlines the functions and organizational structure of gram panchayats, panchayat samitis and zilla parishads under the panchayati raj system.
The document discusses rural poverty in India. It defines poverty and outlines the poverty line used in India. It then lists several factors that contribute to poverty, including rapidly rising population, low agricultural productivity, underutilized resources, and unemployment. The document also suggests suitable measures to address poverty, such as providing employment opportunities, minimum needs programs, social security programs, developing small industries, and land reforms. It concludes by outlining some key poverty alleviation programs implemented in India.
The document provides an overview of the Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP) in Bangladesh. The key points are:
1) IRDP is a comprehensive government program launched in the 1970s to empower the rural poor through skills training and improving living standards.
2) It uses a 'Comilla Model' approach of cooperatives, rural infrastructure projects, and skills training.
3) Institutions like the Bangladesh Rural Development Board (BRDB) and Bangladesh Academy for Rural Development (BARD) were set up to implement IRDP strategies.
4) While IRDP achieved some success in boosting agriculture, it faced criticisms that power remained concentrated among large landowners.
This document provides an overview of the Panchayati Raj system of local self-government in India. It discusses the three-tier structure of Gram Panchayat at the village level, Taluk Panchayat at the block level, and Zilla Panchayat at the district level. It describes the composition and functions of these local bodies, as well as municipal systems of governance for towns and cities. The document also briefly mentions special provisions for scheduled and tribal areas in the constitution.
This document discusses definitions and objectives of rural development. It defines rural development as a process leading to sustainable improvement in the quality of life of rural people, especially the poor. The main objectives of rural development programs are improving living standards by utilizing natural and human resources, developing agriculture and industries, and building socio-economic infrastructure and community services. Key aspects of rural development include increasing production, providing social and physical infrastructure, and ensuring people's participation.
Poverty Alleviation Programmes; Area Development Programmes; Women Development Programmes; Agricultural Development Programmes Implemented By State Department Of Agriculture
The document summarizes the key points of India's various Five Year Plans as they relate to animal husbandry development. The Planning Commission was established in 1950 to formulate these Five Year Plans to promote economic development, increase production and employment opportunities. Each successive plan outlined goals and initiatives for the agricultural sector including animal husbandry and dairy, poultry, livestock and fisheries development through programs such as establishing veterinary hospitals and breeding centers. The plans achieved varying levels of success in meeting their economic growth targets.
The Central Social Welfare Board (CSWB) is a key organization for social welfare in India. It has 51 members and aims to empower women and children. The CSWB provides grants to NGOs, runs rehabilitation centers, and educates women. It also aims to promote small families and provide services like hostels and nutrition programs. The CSWB must strengthen voluntary organizations, create networking opportunities, and raise awareness of issues impacting women and children. It has a General Body of 56 members and an Executive Committee of 16 members that includes representatives from state governments and central ministries.
role of non governmental organisation in rural development and agricultural e...krishnadk
This document discusses various Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) involved in agricultural extension and rural development in India. It provides classifications of NGOs based on orientation and level of operation. It also outlines the roles, approaches, activities and constraints of NGOs. Several prominent NGOs working in agriculture and rural development in India are described, including their objectives, areas of work and special features. The document emphasizes the important role of NGOs in filling gaps in government services and empowering rural communities.
This document lists several agricultural development programs implemented in India between 1960-2000 including:
- The Intensive Agriculture Development Program (IADP) launched in 1960 to provide loans, seeds, and tools to farmers.
- The High Yielding Variety Program (HYVP) launched in 1966 to increase food grain productivity through adoption of improved varieties and inputs.
- The Small Farmers Development Agency (SFDA) and Marginal Farmers and Agricultural Labor Agency (MFALA) launched in 1973 and 1974 respectively to provide technical and financial assistance to small and marginal farmers.
The document discusses the history of rural development approaches in India from the pre-independence era to modern times. It covers several key programs and initiatives:
1. The community development program launched in 1952 aimed to develop rural areas but failed due to uneven benefits, lack of priorities, and unqualified personnel.
2. The National Extension Service launched in 1953 had wider rural coverage at lower cost but also faced issues.
3. The Intensive Agricultural Development Program of 1960 aimed to increase food production through cooperatives but educational approaches and extension workers were lacking.
4. The Training and Visit system developed in 1974 coordinated research, training, and extension through regular farmer visits and worker training. It became widely used
B Sc Agri II Agricultural Extansion Unit 2 Agricultural Development ProgrammesRai University
The document discusses several agricultural development projects and programs in India after independence:
1. The Firka Development Project (1946) aimed to develop rural areas through improvements to villages like education, economy, sanitation, and making people self-reliant. It was later expanded to more villages.
2. The Etawah Pilot Project (1947) introduced rural reconstruction work and improved agricultural technologies. It proved villagers were capable of improvement.
3. The Nelokheri Experiment (1948) rehabilitated displaced people and integrated surrounding villages, providing services like schools, farms, and industries.
4. The Community Development Programme (1952) aimed for overall rural development through projects in agriculture,
The document outlines several Indian government programs aimed at empowering and developing women. Key programs discussed include the Integrated Child Development Services Scheme which provides nutrition, health care, and education for children and mothers. The Development of Women and Children in Rural Areas program provides income generation activities and organizational support for rural women. Other programs discussed seek to promote savings, credit access, skills training, education, health care, safety, and political participation for women across India.
The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) aims to guarantee 100 days of employment per year to rural households. It provides manual work such as water conservation and irrigation projects. Over 50 million rural households received employment in 2012-13, generating 230.5 crore person days of work. The scheme emphasizes increasing rural wages and financial inclusion. It has disproportionately benefited marginalized groups like women, SCs and STs. NREGA works focus on regenerating natural resources through activities like water conservation, afforestation and drought proofing.
The document discusses the history and objectives of various early rural development projects and schemes in India from 1903 to 1948. It describes 10 key initiatives including the Scheme of Rural Reconstruction in 1903, Servant of Indian Society in 1905, Gurgaon Experiment in 1920, Martha Dam Project in 1921, Shriniketan Attempt in 1921, Sevagram Attempt in 1923, Firka Development Scheme in 1947, Indian Village Service in 1945, Etawah Pilot Project in 1948, and Nilokheri Project in 1948. The objectives of these early efforts focused on improving economic conditions, promoting education, healthcare, agriculture, and cooperative institutions in rural communities.
The document discusses the history and evolution of agricultural extension in India from the 1960s onwards. It describes early programs like the Package Programme launched in 1960 to increase food production and economic wellbeing. This was followed by the Area Approach program in 1964 targeting over 1000 blocks across India. Later programs included the Technology Assessment and Refinement Program to generate appropriate technologies for small farms, wasteland development initiatives starting in 1973, and the World Bank aided National Agricultural Technology Project from 1998 to improve research and dissemination.
- India has experienced rapid population growth and is now the second most populous country in the world with over 1.3 billion people.
- India implemented various population policies and programs over time to try to control its population growth rate, starting with voluntary family planning programs and eventually introducing some coercive policies during the Emergency period from 1975-1977.
- Population policies in India have aimed to reduce fertility rates and encourage family planning through various means like education programs, expanding access to contraceptives, manipulating incentives, and at times coercive policies like compulsory sterilization, though coercion is no longer used after the Emergency period.
Despite decades of planned development and poverty eradication programs at the national and state levels, poverty continues to persist in India. The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) has been a subject of lively debate, which aims at the ‘right to work’ enhancing the livelihood security of people in rural areas by guaranteeing hundred days of wage-employment in a financial year to a rural household who volunteer to do unskilled manual work. The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act was approved by the Indian Parliament in September 2005. It was renamed as ‘Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act’ on 2-10-2009. This Act started functioning from 2nd Feb.2006. Initially it was introduced in 200 districts of the country and later extended to all districts in the country. The main aim of this Act is to enhance the purchasing power of rural people. World Development Report 2014 termed it a "stellar example of rural development" and noted economist Amartya Sen also said it is a good Scheme for employment generation in rural areas, but it has to be reformed. This Paper is an attempt to present a review of the “Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act - With Special Reference to Telangana State.
Principles, Steps of programme planning, evaluation and monitoring of program...GBPUA&T, Pantnagar
The document discusses key aspects of developing effective agricultural extension programs, including collecting relevant data, analyzing the current situation, identifying problems, setting objectives and goals, developing a plan of work and calendar, implementing and monitoring the plan, evaluating progress, and revising the program as needed. It emphasizes establishing significant objectives based on farmers' needs that can be realistically achieved given available resources and time, and involving local stakeholders throughout the entire process from planning to implementation to evaluation.
The Integrated Rural Development Program (IRDP) was launched in 1978 with the aim of providing employment opportunities and improving living conditions for rural families below the poverty line. It provides subsidies and loans to target groups for self-employment opportunities. Beneficiaries include small farmers, laborers, artisans, and scheduled castes/tribes with annual incomes below Rs. 11,000. The program is implemented through District Rural Development Agencies at the district level and block staff at local levels, with oversight from state and central government bodies. It aims to empower the rural poor through livelihood generation and linking beneficiaries to other government schemes.
The Integrated Rural Development Program (IRDP) was launched in 1978 with the aim of providing employment opportunities and improving living conditions for rural families below the poverty line. It provides subsidies and loans to target groups for self-employment opportunities. Beneficiaries include small farmers, laborers, artisans, and scheduled castes/tribes with annual income below Rs. 11,000. Implementation is done through District Rural Development Agencies at the district level and block staff at local levels, with oversight from state and central government bodies. The program funds projects in key areas like basic services, behavior change communication, safe drinking water, and building capacity of local governments.
The document provides an overview of the Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP) in Bangladesh. The key points are:
1) IRDP is a comprehensive government program launched in the 1970s to empower the rural poor through skills training and improving living standards.
2) It uses a 'Comilla Model' approach of cooperatives, rural infrastructure projects, and skills training.
3) Institutions like the Bangladesh Rural Development Board (BRDB) and Bangladesh Academy for Rural Development (BARD) were set up to implement IRDP strategies.
4) While IRDP achieved some success in boosting agriculture, it faced criticisms that power remained concentrated among large landowners.
This document provides an overview of the Panchayati Raj system of local self-government in India. It discusses the three-tier structure of Gram Panchayat at the village level, Taluk Panchayat at the block level, and Zilla Panchayat at the district level. It describes the composition and functions of these local bodies, as well as municipal systems of governance for towns and cities. The document also briefly mentions special provisions for scheduled and tribal areas in the constitution.
This document discusses definitions and objectives of rural development. It defines rural development as a process leading to sustainable improvement in the quality of life of rural people, especially the poor. The main objectives of rural development programs are improving living standards by utilizing natural and human resources, developing agriculture and industries, and building socio-economic infrastructure and community services. Key aspects of rural development include increasing production, providing social and physical infrastructure, and ensuring people's participation.
Poverty Alleviation Programmes; Area Development Programmes; Women Development Programmes; Agricultural Development Programmes Implemented By State Department Of Agriculture
The document summarizes the key points of India's various Five Year Plans as they relate to animal husbandry development. The Planning Commission was established in 1950 to formulate these Five Year Plans to promote economic development, increase production and employment opportunities. Each successive plan outlined goals and initiatives for the agricultural sector including animal husbandry and dairy, poultry, livestock and fisheries development through programs such as establishing veterinary hospitals and breeding centers. The plans achieved varying levels of success in meeting their economic growth targets.
The Central Social Welfare Board (CSWB) is a key organization for social welfare in India. It has 51 members and aims to empower women and children. The CSWB provides grants to NGOs, runs rehabilitation centers, and educates women. It also aims to promote small families and provide services like hostels and nutrition programs. The CSWB must strengthen voluntary organizations, create networking opportunities, and raise awareness of issues impacting women and children. It has a General Body of 56 members and an Executive Committee of 16 members that includes representatives from state governments and central ministries.
role of non governmental organisation in rural development and agricultural e...krishnadk
This document discusses various Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) involved in agricultural extension and rural development in India. It provides classifications of NGOs based on orientation and level of operation. It also outlines the roles, approaches, activities and constraints of NGOs. Several prominent NGOs working in agriculture and rural development in India are described, including their objectives, areas of work and special features. The document emphasizes the important role of NGOs in filling gaps in government services and empowering rural communities.
This document lists several agricultural development programs implemented in India between 1960-2000 including:
- The Intensive Agriculture Development Program (IADP) launched in 1960 to provide loans, seeds, and tools to farmers.
- The High Yielding Variety Program (HYVP) launched in 1966 to increase food grain productivity through adoption of improved varieties and inputs.
- The Small Farmers Development Agency (SFDA) and Marginal Farmers and Agricultural Labor Agency (MFALA) launched in 1973 and 1974 respectively to provide technical and financial assistance to small and marginal farmers.
The document discusses the history of rural development approaches in India from the pre-independence era to modern times. It covers several key programs and initiatives:
1. The community development program launched in 1952 aimed to develop rural areas but failed due to uneven benefits, lack of priorities, and unqualified personnel.
2. The National Extension Service launched in 1953 had wider rural coverage at lower cost but also faced issues.
3. The Intensive Agricultural Development Program of 1960 aimed to increase food production through cooperatives but educational approaches and extension workers were lacking.
4. The Training and Visit system developed in 1974 coordinated research, training, and extension through regular farmer visits and worker training. It became widely used
B Sc Agri II Agricultural Extansion Unit 2 Agricultural Development ProgrammesRai University
The document discusses several agricultural development projects and programs in India after independence:
1. The Firka Development Project (1946) aimed to develop rural areas through improvements to villages like education, economy, sanitation, and making people self-reliant. It was later expanded to more villages.
2. The Etawah Pilot Project (1947) introduced rural reconstruction work and improved agricultural technologies. It proved villagers were capable of improvement.
3. The Nelokheri Experiment (1948) rehabilitated displaced people and integrated surrounding villages, providing services like schools, farms, and industries.
4. The Community Development Programme (1952) aimed for overall rural development through projects in agriculture,
The document outlines several Indian government programs aimed at empowering and developing women. Key programs discussed include the Integrated Child Development Services Scheme which provides nutrition, health care, and education for children and mothers. The Development of Women and Children in Rural Areas program provides income generation activities and organizational support for rural women. Other programs discussed seek to promote savings, credit access, skills training, education, health care, safety, and political participation for women across India.
The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) aims to guarantee 100 days of employment per year to rural households. It provides manual work such as water conservation and irrigation projects. Over 50 million rural households received employment in 2012-13, generating 230.5 crore person days of work. The scheme emphasizes increasing rural wages and financial inclusion. It has disproportionately benefited marginalized groups like women, SCs and STs. NREGA works focus on regenerating natural resources through activities like water conservation, afforestation and drought proofing.
The document discusses the history and objectives of various early rural development projects and schemes in India from 1903 to 1948. It describes 10 key initiatives including the Scheme of Rural Reconstruction in 1903, Servant of Indian Society in 1905, Gurgaon Experiment in 1920, Martha Dam Project in 1921, Shriniketan Attempt in 1921, Sevagram Attempt in 1923, Firka Development Scheme in 1947, Indian Village Service in 1945, Etawah Pilot Project in 1948, and Nilokheri Project in 1948. The objectives of these early efforts focused on improving economic conditions, promoting education, healthcare, agriculture, and cooperative institutions in rural communities.
The document discusses the history and evolution of agricultural extension in India from the 1960s onwards. It describes early programs like the Package Programme launched in 1960 to increase food production and economic wellbeing. This was followed by the Area Approach program in 1964 targeting over 1000 blocks across India. Later programs included the Technology Assessment and Refinement Program to generate appropriate technologies for small farms, wasteland development initiatives starting in 1973, and the World Bank aided National Agricultural Technology Project from 1998 to improve research and dissemination.
- India has experienced rapid population growth and is now the second most populous country in the world with over 1.3 billion people.
- India implemented various population policies and programs over time to try to control its population growth rate, starting with voluntary family planning programs and eventually introducing some coercive policies during the Emergency period from 1975-1977.
- Population policies in India have aimed to reduce fertility rates and encourage family planning through various means like education programs, expanding access to contraceptives, manipulating incentives, and at times coercive policies like compulsory sterilization, though coercion is no longer used after the Emergency period.
Despite decades of planned development and poverty eradication programs at the national and state levels, poverty continues to persist in India. The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) has been a subject of lively debate, which aims at the ‘right to work’ enhancing the livelihood security of people in rural areas by guaranteeing hundred days of wage-employment in a financial year to a rural household who volunteer to do unskilled manual work. The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act was approved by the Indian Parliament in September 2005. It was renamed as ‘Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act’ on 2-10-2009. This Act started functioning from 2nd Feb.2006. Initially it was introduced in 200 districts of the country and later extended to all districts in the country. The main aim of this Act is to enhance the purchasing power of rural people. World Development Report 2014 termed it a "stellar example of rural development" and noted economist Amartya Sen also said it is a good Scheme for employment generation in rural areas, but it has to be reformed. This Paper is an attempt to present a review of the “Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act - With Special Reference to Telangana State.
Principles, Steps of programme planning, evaluation and monitoring of program...GBPUA&T, Pantnagar
The document discusses key aspects of developing effective agricultural extension programs, including collecting relevant data, analyzing the current situation, identifying problems, setting objectives and goals, developing a plan of work and calendar, implementing and monitoring the plan, evaluating progress, and revising the program as needed. It emphasizes establishing significant objectives based on farmers' needs that can be realistically achieved given available resources and time, and involving local stakeholders throughout the entire process from planning to implementation to evaluation.
The Integrated Rural Development Program (IRDP) was launched in 1978 with the aim of providing employment opportunities and improving living conditions for rural families below the poverty line. It provides subsidies and loans to target groups for self-employment opportunities. Beneficiaries include small farmers, laborers, artisans, and scheduled castes/tribes with annual incomes below Rs. 11,000. The program is implemented through District Rural Development Agencies at the district level and block staff at local levels, with oversight from state and central government bodies. It aims to empower the rural poor through livelihood generation and linking beneficiaries to other government schemes.
The Integrated Rural Development Program (IRDP) was launched in 1978 with the aim of providing employment opportunities and improving living conditions for rural families below the poverty line. It provides subsidies and loans to target groups for self-employment opportunities. Beneficiaries include small farmers, laborers, artisans, and scheduled castes/tribes with annual income below Rs. 11,000. Implementation is done through District Rural Development Agencies at the district level and block staff at local levels, with oversight from state and central government bodies. The program funds projects in key areas like basic services, behavior change communication, safe drinking water, and building capacity of local governments.
The Haryana Social Welfare Department was established to promote the development of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, who make up 19% and 4% of the state's population respectively. The department administers several grant and assistance schemes aimed at supporting education, marriage, healthcare, and housing for vulnerable groups. Key schemes provide grants for SC/ST marriages and medical treatment, marriage assistance for destitute widows, and housing construction subsidies for homeless SC/ST families. The department also works to develop infrastructure in SC/ST dominated villages.
Administrative Reforms Important Committees and Commissions; Rural Development: Institutions,
agencies and programmes; Panchayati Raj; 73rd Constitutional amendment; Urban Local
Government: Municipal governance; 74th Constitutional Amendment; National Police Commission;
Investigative agencies; Reforms in Police.National Human Rights Commission; Disaster
management; Emerging issues and challenges to Indian administration
The document discusses several poverty alleviation programs implemented by the Indian government. It categorizes the programs into rural and urban, noting that most target rural poverty given higher rates there. The programs discussed include wage employment, self-employment, food security, social security, and skill development initiatives. Specific rural poverty alleviation programs described in detail include Jawahar Gram Samriddhi Yojana, National Old Age Pension Scheme, Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana, National Family Benefit Scheme, National Maternity Benefit Scheme, Annapurna, Integrated Rural Development Program, and Pradhan Mantri Gramin Awaas Yojana.
This Rural Development Presentation create by B.COM(Computer Application) Student
-This rural development Presentation is cover some rural Development Activity in India
Income generating activities under rural development programmesDevegowda S R
The document discusses income generating activities and rural development programmes in India. It provides details on various programmes implemented over the last four decades like PMRY, SGSY, IRDP and DWCRA to generate employment and reduce poverty. Common income generating activities promoted include dairy, goat rearing, tailoring, bakery etc. Research studies analyze the impact of programmes like SGSY in increasing incomes and empowering women members of self-help groups.
This document provides an annual report from 2013-2014 for Adarsh Shiksha Samiti, a non-profit organization in Rajasthan, India. The summary is:
Adarsh Shiksha Samiti works to empower vulnerable groups like women and tribal communities in rural Rajasthan. In 2013-2014, they organized over 746 self-help groups with 8,056 women members. They provided these groups with skill training, microcredit access, and support for income generation activities like handicrafts and dairy. This empowered women economically and allowed them to avoid money lenders while improving living standards. The organization aims to promote social justice and development for marginalized communities in their operational districts.
Rural poverty persists in India due to limited access to resources like land, water, credit, and technology as well as low levels of education. Government programs have taken different approaches to promoting rural livelihoods and reducing poverty, such as supporting local governments and integrated development agencies. They focus on increasing incomes and building assets by improving natural resource management, supporting self-help groups, and expanding access to services and markets. However, widespread poverty remains a challenge, with over 200 million rural people below the poverty line.
The document discusses various social and economic factors related to poverty in India. It outlines groups that are most vulnerable to poverty such as scheduled castes, scheduled tribes, rural agricultural laborers, and urban casual laborers. It also discusses various government programs and schemes aimed at poverty alleviation in India such as the National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme, Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana, Antyodaya Anna Yojana, and Sampoorna Gramin Rozgar Yojana. The poverty line in India is based on minimum levels of consumption needed for basic needs such as food, clothing, and medical care.
The document provides details on the PoP (Poorest of the Poor) Strategy being implemented by SERP (Society for Elimination of Rural Poverty) in Andhra Pradesh. Some key points:
1. The strategy aims to provide intensive support to identified PoP households over 5-10 years to help them increase their income and come out of poverty through livelihood interventions like sustainable agriculture, livestock, and wage employment.
2. PoP households will be identified in villages where NPM (Navajeevan Poorna Masthu) is being implemented, starting with 4000 villages in 2009-10. Community activists will provide close monitoring and support to 100 households each.
3. The core
“Growth with Social Justice” has been the basic objective of the development planning in India since independence.In order to achieve these objectives,Government of India has launched several welfare schemes and programme for needy section of society. Different segment of population got benefitted by these welfare schemes, which have led to significant changes. Some of these changes are distinctly visible – especially in the economic sphere with the adoption of new technologies, diversified production, and sophisticated management. Changes have also taken place in the social sphere – with affirmative action for disadvantaged communities and with women enjoying by and large more freedoms than ever before. This seminar attempts to critically analyze the welfare efforts in India and how the changes occur over a period of time in these welfare programmes with special focus on poverty alleviation programme and women empowerment programmes.
The document discusses various government subsidy schemes in India like the Public Distribution System (PDS), fertilizer subsidies, and kerosene subsidies. It notes there are significant leakages in these schemes due to issues like the inclusion of ineligible beneficiaries, diversion of supplies, and lack of proper monitoring. The document also discusses proposals to reform these schemes by replacing subsidies with direct cash transfers to beneficiaries.
The document discusses various government subsidy schemes in India like the Public Distribution System (PDS), fertilizer subsidies, and kerosene subsidies. It notes there are significant leakages in these schemes due to issues like the inclusion of ineligible beneficiaries, diversion of supplies, and lack of proper monitoring. Reforms are needed to reduce these leakages and ensure subsidies reach their intended targets through measures like replacing subsidies with direct cash transfers and making the subsidy distribution process more transparent and accountable.
The document discusses several inclusive growth initiatives undertaken by the Indian government, including Bharat Nirman Yojana, NREGA, and initiatives related to food security, education, financial inclusion, and poverty alleviation. Key programs discussed include rural employment guarantee under NREGA, rural infrastructure development under Bharat Nirman Yojana, and food distribution through PDS and other schemes to ensure food security.
The document summarizes various poverty alleviation programs in India. It categorizes the programs as either targeting rural or urban poverty, with most aimed at rural areas where poverty levels are higher. Key rural poverty alleviation programs discussed include wage employment programs, self-employment programs, food security programs, social security programs like the National Old Age Pension Scheme, Integrated Rural Development Program, and Pradhan Mantri Gramin Awaas Yojana housing scheme. The document emphasizes that a basic needs approach is necessary for rural poverty alleviation in addition to just setting an official poverty line.
Thank you for the feedback. We will take these points seriously to strengthen our program going forward. Our goal is to maximize sustainable impact for vulnerable communities.
Poverty alleviation and employment generation programmes in indiachandan00781
This document discusses several major poverty alleviation and employment generation programmes in India. It provides details on the objectives of prominent schemes like the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), which guarantees at least 100 days of employment in rural areas. Other programmes mentioned include the Indira Awas Yojana for housing, the Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana for rural connectivity, the Antyodaya Anna Yojana for food security, and the Integrated Child Development Services for improving child and mother health and nutrition. Prior employment schemes discussed are the Jawahar Rozgar Yojana, the Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana
The document discusses model villages in India and the Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana scheme. It provides examples of three model villages - Hiware Bazaar in Maharashtra, Punsari in Gujarat, and Ankapoor in Telangana - that have achieved holistic development through community participation across sectors like agriculture, water management, and tourism. The scheme aims to involve MPs in developing selected villages in their constituencies in an integrated manner by leveraging existing government programs and other resources.
Similar to Integrated Rural Development Program.docx (20)
The PM-Kisan scheme provides eligible farmer families with financial support of Rs. 6,000 per year, distributed in three installments of Rs. 2,000 each. More than 10 lakh farmers will receive a total of Rs. 20,000 crore under the 12th installment of PM Kisan. To check your eligibility and status, you can visit the PM Kisan website and search by Aadhaar number or account number. The scheme defines eligible farmers as family farmer units with landholding of up to 2 hectares. Professionals such as doctors, engineers, lawyers and former/present government employees are not eligible for the scheme.
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Integrated Rural Development Program.docx
1. Integrated Rural Development
Program:- Integrated Rural Development Programme
(IRDP)!
IRDP is described officially as a major mechanism for the
alleviation of rural poverty. The main objective of IRDP is to raise
families of identified target group below poverty line by creation of
sustainable opportunities for self-employment in the rural sector.
Assistance is given in the form of subsidy by the government and
term credit advanced by financial institutions (commercial banks,
cooperatives and regional rural banks.) The programme is
implemented in all blocks of the country as centrally sponsored
scheme funded on 50:50 basis by the centre and the states.
The target group under IRDP consists of small and marginal
farmers, agricultural labourers and rural artisans having annual in-
come below Rs. 11,000 defined as poverty line in the Eighth Plan. In
order to ensure that benefits under the programme reach the more
vulnerable sectors of the society, it is stipulated that at least 50 per
cent of assisted families should be from scheduled castes and
scheduled tribes with corresponding flow of resources to them.
Furthermore, 40 per cent of the coverage should be of women
beneficiaries and 3 per cent of handicapped persons.
The programme is implemented through District Rural Develop-
ment Agencies (DRDAs). The governing body of DRDA includes
local MP, MLA, Chairman of Zila Parishad, and heads of district
development departments, representatives of SCs, STs and women.
2. At the grassroot level, the block staff is responsible for
implementation of the programme. The State Level Coordination
Committee (SLCC) monitors the programme at state level whereas
the Ministry of Rural Areas and Employment is responsible for the
release of central share of funds, policy formation, overall guidance,
monitoring and evaluation of the programme.
For providing employment opportunities to the poor the Integrated Rural
Development Program had been launched. Besides providing the necessary
subsidies to people below poverty line, this scheme also helps them to enhance their
living standards.
The Integrated Rural Development Program (IRDP) was launched by the
Government of India during 1978 and implemented during 1980. The aim of the
program is to provide employment opportunities to the poor as well as opportunities
to develop their skill sets so as to improve their living conditions. The program is
considered one of the best yojanas to do away with poverty related problems by
offering those who fell below the poverty line the necessary subsidies in tandem with
employment opportunities.
Objective of IRDP
The objective of Integrated Rural Development Program is to help families who live
below the poverty line to enhance their state of living and to empower the poor by
helping them develop at every level. The program’s objectives are met by providing
productive assets and inputs to its target groups. The assets, which could be in the
primary, secondary or tertiary sector are provided as financial assistance to these
families in the form of government subsidies as well as loans or credit from financial
institutions.
Beneficiaries of the Integrated Rural Development
Program
The beneficiaries of this program are as follows:
Rural artisans
Labourers
3. Marginal Farmers
Scheduled castes and scheduled tribes
Economically backward classes with an annual income of less that Rs 11,000
Subsidies provided under IRDP
Subsidies are provided to the following people as follows:
Small farmers (25%)
Marginal farmers and Agricultural labourers (33.33%)
SC/ST families and differently abled people (50%)
The maximum amount of subsidy amount has been fixed at Rs 6,000 for SC/ST
families and differently abled people, Rs 4,000 for non DPAP and non DDP localities
and Rs 5,000 for DPAP and DDP localities.
From this group SC/ST candidates, women and differently abled people are
guaranteed subsidies of 50%, 40% and 30% respectively. First priority is also given
to those among this group who have been assigned the ceiling surplus land while the
Green card holders who fall under the category of free bonded labourers and family
welfare programmes are also given first priority.
Implementation of IRDP
The Integrated Rural Development Program is implemented through the
following agencies:
District Rural Development Agencies (DRDAs)
Block staff at the grassroot level
State Level Coordination Committee (SLCC) at state level
Ministry of Rural Areas and Employment (who are responsible for the release
of funds, formation of policies, programme evaluation, monitoring and
guidance)
Integrated Rural Development Program Funding
The Integrated Rural Development Program is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme
funded on a 50:50 basis by the centre and the states. The scheme has been in
operation in all the blocks of the country since the year 1980. Under this scheme
4. Central funds are allocated to states on the basis of proportion of rural poor in a state
to the total rural poor in the country.
Assistance is given in the form of subsidies by the government and term credit
advanced by financial institutions, such as commercial banks, cooperatives and
regional rural banks.
Corruption rules Integrated Rural
Development Programme, loans grossly
misused
.
Welfare and poverty-removal programmes are now a dime a dozen. But the
biggest of them all is the Integrated Rural Development Programme
(IRDP), under which the banks give out loans to hundreds of thousands of
the poor for a wide variety of income-generating schemes. In the last five
years alone, a staggering Rs 3,433 crore have been loaned out in this
fashion.
In Nandsema village in Rajasthan, camels are hardly rare. But when one camel is
sold to 27 different villagers, people might be forgiven for considering it an
updated version of the miracle of the loaves and fishes. It really is no such thing,
however.
This rare proliferation of a single camel is only the magic of the Integrated Rural
Development Programme (IRDP) at work in rural Rajasthan, though not quite the
way it was intended to. Under the IRDP, loans worth Rs 6 lakh are given to every
block (clusters of villages) to be distributed to the 6,000 poorest families.
Villagers are expected to use the money to buy livestock, or for basic
developmental activity which will enable them to better their lives economically.
This may have been achieved to some extent, but the IRDP has also encouraged
corruption and fiddling of the most innovative kind. Thus in Nandsema, 27
villagers received loans to buy camels in the space of four years, but pocketed the
money and passed the camel on in a dizzy merry-go-round.
5. Powered By
The programme, launched in a small way in 1978-79, was extended to all the 5,011
blocks in the country from October 1980. But it has picked up tempo since then,
and compared to an outgo of Rs 448 crore in 1980-81, a stupendous Rs 1,180 crore
was distributed in just one year's time last year - 1983-84.
By any standards, the loans are soft. Families earning less than Rs 3,500 a year (Rs
290 a month) get between Rs 3,000 and Rs 5,000 for a period of three to five years,
at between five and ten per cent interest. No guarantees or securities are sought
from the borrower.
With reports of widespread corruption and massive bungling, it might well be that
a good percentage of the 120 lakh villagers who have benefited from it in the past
four years - receiving loans totalling a staggering Rs 3,433 crore - are fake.
Villagers with a combined family income of under Rs 290 a month alone are
eligible for the loans, but investigation reveals that many of the beneficiaries are
obviously well-off. In Mahua village, for instance. one of the beneficiaries of a
loan, Mohan Bhagirath Khati, owns 30 bighas of land and a tractor.
Some villagers have shown a remarkable ability to get loans sanctioned. Kalia
Meghwal of Jorma village in Udaipur district is a fairly well-to-do farmer. He
managed to get loans' to buy buffaloes twice in the space of two years.
When bank officials, smelling something fishy, drove down to the village, they
found he didn't have even one buffalo. Veterinary doctors are often bribed to
certify that the animal that had been purchased is dead. A bank officer from
Udaipur complains: "There are fake insurance claims. The animal never existed in
the first place, and then it died mysteriously."
6. Besides, to make them eligible for the loan, single unmarried girls have declared
themselves as "family". And in Jakhodkhera village in Haryana, Gurjeet Singh
managed to get a loan despite the fact that he is wealthy enough to own a tractor,
and that his four brothers who constitute his family are also earning.
For those who really want the loan regardless of whether they are eligible or not,
all they have to do is bribe the scrutiny officer - in this case the village sarpanch. In
Jalandhari village, there were complaints that for every loan sanctioned, the
sarpanch took a "cut" of Rs 100. And in Soupra village of Kordi tehsil in Bhilwara,
a rich villager said: "The poor in my village will remain poor because they never
manage to get the loans."
With so much money involved, the scheme has inevitably acquired a political
colour. In Rajasthan, as elsewhere, it is being touted as a major achievement of the
ruling party, and is being pushed through with such enthusiasm that the state
crossed the target in 1982-83 by advancing loans to 1.83 lakh families.
Interestingly, if the norms of the IRDP are considered to be scrupulously followed
in Rajasthan, then Bhilwara district is the poorest in the state, since it has the
highest number of loanees - Bhilwara also happens to be where most of
Mandalgarh, the constituency of Chief Minister S.C. Mathur, falls.
A bank officer at Mandalgarh says disgustedly: "We are approached by arrogant
villagers who claim to have connections with the chief minister. They even
threaten us with transfer if we refuse to give the loans."
While Rajasthan, a backward state, might deserve attention, the manner in which
IRDP funds are freely available in prosperous Haryana is astonishing. Haryana
started out with 87 blocks two years ago, but now has 93 blocks. As a
consequence, its share of the IRDP cake has increased by Rs 36 lakh, since each
block is allotted Rs 6 lakh for distribution.
It is hardly surprising that last year an additional block was created in Adampur,
the constituency of Haryana Chief Minister Bhajan Lal. Thus, his voters now get
7. an additional Rs 6 lakh to be spent in a year. A visit to Jakhodkhera village in the
constituency shows where at least some of the money is going.
Its well-laid brick houses and TV antennae could easily put it on a tourism poster
touting the attractions of the state. Yet as many as 58 villagers of this one village
have been identified as being among the poorest in the country, receiving a
whopping Rs 1.2 lakh in just eight months. Official records show that loans for at
least 24 buffaloes, 26 camels and 60 sheep have been given in this village, but a
visit to Jakhodkhera shows no trace of these animals.
Mysteriously, in Haryana, a new scheme is afoot to benefit villages that have
already been covered under the IRDP, instead of extending the benefits to other
villages. In Hissar district, a scheme tagged "Priority II" is being taken up with
great enthusiasm.
Of the 40-odd villages in Bhajan Lal's constituency, 30 are being covered under the
new scheme which envisages an intensive follow-up of the schemes already taken
up in the IRDP. Coincidentally, 23 villages in the constituency of Congress(I)
MLA I.S. Nain in Burwala also enjoy the benefits of the Priority II scheme.
However, an official of the Planning Commission which monitors the IRDP was
mystified: "What is Priority II?" he asked. "I have never heard of it." Significantly,
this new scheme is being taken up in the election year.
Officials in Delhi concede that there may
be some bungling, but say that measures
like branding the animal - if the loan has
been given for the purchase of livestock
- might help. But, in reality, that is no
help.
For instance, Mohar Singh of Saikhpur
village (Darauli block, Haryana)
received a loan to buy a camel. The
records show that his camel was branded
Jakhodkhera's well-laid brick houses and TV
antennae could easily put it on a tourism map.
Yet 58 of its villagers have been identified as
being among the poorest in the country.
8. with the number HC 254. But a visit to Singh's house shows the camel bears no
such number. Confronted with the fact, he brings a metal token which bears
another number altogether, and lamely explains that he "exchanged his camel".
On their part, bank officials privately admit that they have no way of verifying the
loans. This falls to the lot of the District Rural Development Agency, which is the
identification agency. Bank officials say that if they complain or raise objections to
a loan, they are accused of putting
"obstacles in the way of progress".
Strangely enough for a scheme into which
as much as Rs 3,433 crore has been sunk,
the quality of monitoring is almost non-
existent. So far there has been no
comprehensive study on the recovery of
loans, considering that most loans are for
a maximum of five years, and six years
have passed since the scheme was first
introduced.
S.D. Bansal, general manager of the Punjab National Bank, who coordinates his
bank's efforts in the programme, explains cautiously that the fact that loans are
given without taking into account the problems of the borrower, accounts for the
poor recovery.
He adds: "There is usually a bunching of applications as the end of the financial
year approaches. At times, bank managers have to deal with 30(M00 cases, as a
result of which the quality of loaning suffers."
Although no authoritative investigation of recoveries has been made yet, a sample
survey indicates that while in Lucknow it is as low as 28 per cent, in Ajmer the
recovery is 70 per cent.
Gurjeet Singh managed to get a loan despite
the fact that he is wealthy enough to own a
tractor and his four brothers, who constitute
his
family, are also earning.
9. The only solution, say bank officials, is
to make district authorities more
accountable. "For the moment the banks
are saddled with the problem of loan
recovery which they are competent to
take up, but their efforts would receive a
fillip if the district authorities also
helped," says an official.
Because the IRDP is a welfare
programme, officials are inclined to take
a lenient view of loan recovery. Says one official: "It is the quality of loaning we
have to see. Have we actually raised the standard of living of the poorest of the
poor?"
Unfortunately, the manipulations of politicians in their own constituencies have
ensured that even with the IRDP, as with many other welfare programmes, some of
the rural poor are more equal than others.
Mewat region is one of the most backward areas of the country. It lags behind in almost all socio-economic
and development parametres. It has low levels of literacy, employment, population control, infant and
maternal mortality, maternal health and malnutrition. Women suffer from discrimination and are not given
enough opportunity to assert themselves.
The Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP) run by Sukarya, contributes to creating a model or
ideal village that has refined socio-economic conditions and then, replicating the success in other far-
reaching areas.
The adage, “India lives in its villages” guides this integrated intervention that aims to improve maternal
and child health, nutrition of infants and children and overall hygiene and sanitation. It reaches out to rural
women with a view to empower them by enhancing their livelihood options. Building capacities of youth
and community members, it links them to government schemes and services such as NRHM, JSY, NRLM,
PMJDY, SJGSY, IRDP, PMAGY, SBA, health and ICDS. Regular training, IEC and BCC activities and
other campaigns help improve knowledge and awareness levels while promoting healthy behaviours and
practices.
With a focus on women, children and youth, the first project was implemented in Mangar village,
Faridabad district, with the help of the Bird Group in the year 2011. The success of this project (design and
model) was replicated in the three remote and underdeveloped villages of Neemli, Palasli and Lapala of
Tijara block in district Alwar of Rajasthan in December 2015 for a period of three years. The total
population covered under the IRDP programme was approximately 15,000. During this period, several
activities were rolled out. While some were one-off events, most were regular and ongoing interventions.
Health clinics were organised with few coinciding with the government Routine Immunization camps.
Health awareness sessions were held with different groups, commemorating special days. Home visits and
patient follow-up by Community Health Workers helped take up issues related to nutrition, sanitation,
hygiene and immunization. Village level committees were set up to drive home key messages. Women
Records show that Mohar Singh's camel was
branded with the number HC 254. But a visit
to his house shows his camel bears no such
number.
10. self help groups were formed and strengthened with guidance on skill-based trainings and income
generation /livelihood activities. Youth were reached out through vocational centres (Computer and
English classes), training on life skills and personality development, setting up of youth clubs and
developing the cadre of youth volunteers. Training and capacity building sessions for PRIs and
government frontline workers was also taken up.
Broadly, the IRDP intervention is categorised into four thematic areas:
Focus area 1: Basic primary services
These basic primary services are being provided through health clinics and setting up of vocational training
centres that impart computer and English classes along with life skills for the youth. It also entails forming
and strengthening SHGs, providing skill-based training to rural women and promoting income generation
activities for them.
Focus area 2: Behaviour Change Communication
Awareness and sensitisation of the community is an ongoing process that creates greater awareness and
proactive action towards maternal and child health, preventive measures for health, nutrition, hygiene and
sanitation. Regular campaigns against open defecation, taking up of gender related issues and
environmental concerns are other domains where continuous advocacy is undertaken.
Focus area 3: Safe drinking water
Helping communities make the connect between safe drinking water and health, Sukarya has dedicated
itself to providing safe drinking water in Government schools, ensuring regular water supply to girl’s
toilets and for the purpose of community drinking in the village.
Focus area 4: Capacity building of PRIs
Efforts are being made to link government schemes such as the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM),
Janani Suraksha Yojna (JSY), Swarna Jayanti Gram SwarozgarYojna (SJGSY), Pradhan Mantri Aadarsh
Gram Yojna (PMAGY), School Based Assessment (SBA) and Integrated Child Development Scheme
(ICDS), amongst others to the community. Formation and activation of village level committees like the
Village Health and Sanitation committee, Village Education committee and Village Environment
committee are also a step in this direction.
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