This slide contains facts about poverty and steps taken by Indian governments to tackle poverty issue.

2.  According to the World Bank, Poverty is
pronounced deprivation in well-being and
comprises many dimensions. It includes low
incomes and the inability to acquire the
basic goods and services necessary for
survival with dignity. Poverty also
encompasses low levels of health and
education, poor access to clean water and
sanitation, inadequate physical security, lack
of voice, and insufficient capacity and
opportunity to better one’s life.

3.  Poverty Alleviation is the set of steps taken
in an economic and humanitarian way for
eradicating poverty from a country.
According to the World Bank, if a person is
living on $1.90 a day or less, then he/she is
living in extreme poverty, and currently, 767
million people of the world fall under that
category. According to the last released
official data, in 2011, 268 million people in
India were surviving on less than $1.90 a day.

4.  Below Poverty Line (BPL) can be defined as an economic
benchmark used in the identification of economically
weaker people and households. BPL is set by the
Government of India based on a threshold income. The
households or individuals having an income below this
threshold value are considered to be under the below
poverty line.
 Measuring BPL in India
 The poverty line solely depends on the per capita income
in India rather than the level of prices. The poverty line is
the minimum income required to purchase the basic goods
and services that are essential to satisfy the basic human
needs. The proportion of the population that is below this
poverty line is called the poverty ratio or headcount ratio.
Similar approaches are followed by most countries and
international institutions for determining BPL.

5.  In India, the first official rural and urban poverty lines at
the national level were introduced in 1979 by Y. K. Alagh
Committee. Criteria for the measurement of BPL are
different for the rural and urban areas.
 Currently, according to the Tenth Five-Year Plan, the
degree of deprivation is measured with the help of
parameters with scores given from 0–4, with 13
parameters.
 Families with 17 marks or less (formerly 15 marks or less)
out of a maximum of 52 marks have been classified as
BPL.
 The poverty line is calculated every 5 years. According to
the recent estimation based on inflation, the threshold
income should be more than Rs. 962 a month for urban
areas and Rs 768 a month in rural areas i.e., above Rs. 32
a day in an urban area and above Rs. 26 a day in a rural
area.

6. Name of the
Scheme/Program
me
Year of
Formation
Government
Ministry
Objectives
Integrated Rural
Development
Programme (IRDP)
1978 Ministry of Rural
Development
 To raise the families of
identified target groups
living below the poverty
line through the
development of
sustainable opportunities
for self-employment in
the rural sector.

7. Name of the
Scheme/Program
me
Year of
Format
ion
Government
Ministry
Objectives
Pradhan Mantri
Gramin Awaas Yojana
1985 Ministry of Rural
Development
 To create housing units for
everyone along with
providing 13 lakhs housing
units to the rural areas.
 To provide loans at
subsidized rates to the
people.
 To augment wage
employment opportunities
to the households by
providing employment on-
demand and through
specific guaranteed wage
employment every year.

8. Name of the
Scheme/Program
me
Year of
Formation
Government
Ministry
Objectives
Indira Gandhi National
Old Age Pension
Scheme (NOAPS)
15th August
1995
Ministry of Rural
Development
 To provide pension to the
senior citizens of India of
65 years or higher and
living below the poverty
line.
 It provides a monthly
pension of Rs.200 for
those aged between 60-79
years and Rs.500 for the
people aged above 80
years.

9. Name of the
Scheme/Program
me
Year of Formation Government
Ministry
Objectives
National Family
Benefit Scheme
(NFBS)
August 1995 Ministry of Rural
Development
 To provide a
sum of
Rs.20,000 to
the beneficiary
who will be the
next head of the
family after the
death of its
primary
breadwinner.

10. Name of the
Scheme/Program
me
Year of
Formation
Government
Ministry
Objectives
Jawahar Gram
Samridhi Yojana
(JGSY)
1st April
1999
Implemented by the
Village Panchayats.
 Developing the
infrastructure of the
rural areas which
included connecting
roads, schools, and
hospitals.
 To provide sustained
wage employment to
the families belonging
to the below poverty
line.

11. Name of the
Scheme/Program
me
Year of Formation Government
Ministry
Objectives
Annapurna 1999-2000 Ministry of Rural
Development
 To provide 10
kg of free
food grains to
the eligible
senior citizens
who are not
registered
under the
National Old
Age Pension
Scheme.

12. Name of the
Scheme/Program
me
Year of
Formation
Government
Ministry
Objectives
Food for Work
Programme
2000s Ministry of Rural
Development
 It aims at enhancing
food security through
wage employment.
Food grains are
supplied to states free
of cost, however, the
supply of food grains
from the Food
Corporation of India
(FCI) godowns has
been slow

13. Name of the
Scheme/Program
me
Year of Formation Government
Ministry
Objectives
Sampoorna Gramin
Rozgar Yojana
(SGRY)
Febrauary 2001 Rural self employment
scheme
 The main
objective of the
scheme continues
to be the
generation of
wage
employment,
creation of
durable economic
infrastructure in
rural areas and
provision of food
and nutrition
security for the
poor.

14. Name of the
Scheme/Progra
mme
Year of
F
ormati
on
Governmen
t Ministry
Objectives
Mahatma Gandhi
National Rural
Employment
Guarantee Act
(MGNREGA)
2005 Ministry of
Rural
Development
 The Act provides 100 days assured
employment every year to every rural
household. One-third of the proposed jobs
would be reserved for women. The central
government will also establish National
Employment Guarantee Funds.
 Similarly, state governments will establish
State Employment Guarantee Funds for
implementation of the scheme. Under the
programme, if an applicant is not provided
employment within 15 days s/he will be
entitled to a daily unemployment allowance.

15. Name of the
Scheme/Program
me
Year of
Format
ion
Government
Ministry
Objectives
National Food
Security Mission
2007 Ministry of Agriculture  To increase production
of rice, wheat, pulses
and coarse cereals
through area expansion
and productivity
enhancement in a
sustainable manner in
the identified districts of
the country

16. Name of the
Scheme/Program
me
Year of
Format
ion
Government
Ministry
Objectives
National Rural
Livelihood
Mission
2011 Ministry of
Rural
Development
 It evolves out the need to
diversify the needs of the
rural poor and provide
them jobs with regular
income on a monthly
basis. Self Help groups
are formed at the village
level to help the needy

17. Name of the
Scheme/Program
me
Year of
Formation
Government
Ministry
Objectives
Pradhan Mantri
Jan Dhan Yojana
2014 Ministry of
Finance
 It aimed at direct
benefit transfer of
subsidy, pension,
insurance etc. and
attained the target of
opening 1.5 crore
bank accounts. The
scheme particularly
targets the unbanked
poor

18. Name of the
Scheme/Program
me
Year of
Formation
Government
Ministry
Objectives
Pradhan Mantri
Kaushal Vikas
Yojana
2015 Ministry of Skill
Development and
Entrepreneurship
 It will focus on
fresh entrant to
the labour market,
especially labour
market and class
X and XII
dropouts

19. Name of the
Scheme/Program
me
Year of
Formation
Government
Ministry
Objectives
Saansad Aadarsh
Gram Yojana
(SAGY)
2014 Ministry of Rural
development
 To develop the
institutional and
physical infrastructure
in three villages by
2019. The scheme
aims to develop five
‘Adarsh Villages’ or
‘Model Villages’ by
2024.

20. Name of the
Scheme/Program
me
Year of
Formation
Government
Ministry
Objectives
Pradhan Mantri
Jeevan Jyoti
Bima Yojana
2015 Ministry of Finance  The scheme
provides life
coverage to the
poor and low-
income section of
the society. The
scheme offers a
maximum assured
amount of Rs.2
lakhs

21. Name of the
Scheme/Progra
mme
Year of
Formation
Government
Ministry
Objectives
Pradhan Mantri
Suraksha Bima
Yojana
2015 Ministry of
Finance
 The scheme is an
insurance policy to
the people
belonging to the
underprivileged
sections of the
society

22. Name of the
Scheme/Program
me
Year of
Formation
Government
Ministry
Objectives
National
Maternity Benefit
Scheme
2016 Ministry of
Health &
Family
Welfare
(MoHFW)
 To provide a sum of
Rs.6000 to a pregnant
mother who is aged above
19 years.
 The sum is provided
normally 12–8 weeks
before the birth in three
instalments and can also
be availed even after the
death of the child.

23. Name of the
Scheme/Program
me
Year of
Formation
Government
Ministry
Objectives
Pradhan Mantri
Ujjwala Yojana
(PMUY)
2016 Ministry of
Petroleum and
Natural Gas
 It envisages the
distribution of 50
million LPG
connections to
women below the
poverty line

24. Name of the
Scheme/Program
me
Year of
Formation
Government
Ministry
Objectives
Pradhan Mantri
Garib Kalyan
Yojana (PMGKY)
2016 Ministry of
Finance
 the scheme provides an
opportunity to declare
unaccounted wealth and
black money in a
confidential manner and
avoid prosecution after
paying a fine of 50% on
the undisclosed income.
An additional 25% of the
undisclosed income is
invested in the scheme
which can be refunded
after four years, without
any interest.

25. Name of the
Scheme/Program
me
Year of Formation Government
Ministry
Objectives
Solar Charkha
Mission
2018 Ministry of
Micro, Small and
Medium
Enterprises
(MSME)
 It aims at
Employment
generation for
nearly one
lakh people
through solar
charkha
clusters in
rural areas

26. Name of the
Scheme/Program
me
Year of
Formation
Government
Ministry
Objectives
National
Nutrition Mission
(NNM), Poshan
Abhiyan
2018 Ministry of
Women and Child
Development
 to reduce the level of
under-nutrition and
also enhance the
nutritional status of
children in the
country. Also, to
improve the
nutritional outcomes
of adolescents,
children, pregnant
women and lactating
mothers

27. Name of the
Scheme/Program
me
Year of Formation Government
Ministry
Objectives
Prime Minister
Street Vendor’s
AtmaNirbhar
Nidhi – PM
SVanidhi
2020 Ministry of
Housing and
Urban Affairs
(MoHUA)
 It aims to
provide
micro-credit
facilities to
street
vendors
affected due
to COVID-
19 pandemic