Integrated approach of environmental effects of transportation

1. 7-Aug-13 Working Group Air Quality Tilburg 1
Theme of presentation

2. 7-Aug-13 Working Group Air Quality Tilburg 2
Content
 Introduction
 Noise in Europe
 Effects of Noise
 Priorities Working Group Noise
 Best Practices Noise and Best Practices Noise
beneficial for Air Quality and other issues
 Conclusions

3. Introduction
• European Policy Advisor @ DCMR EPA
• Since 2006 of Working Group Noise EUROCITIES
– Participating in European Networks
– Identifying, initiating and involved in EU funded projects
– Affecting EU legislation, policies and requirements
• Priorities WG Noise:
– Support cities with implementation of END 2002/49/EC
– Sharing experiences on noise
– To monitor and respond to European policy development
7-Aug-13 Working Group Air Quality Tilburg 3

4. Implementation Report of Directive 2002/49/EC
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Roads Railways Airports Industry Major roads Major railways Major airports
Numberofpeople(inmillions)
Noise source
Number of people exposed to noise in Europe (including
NO & CH)
Lden > 55 dB Lnight > 50 dB
Source: EEA

5. 7-Aug-13 Working Group Air Quality Tilburg 5
In percentage (agglo > 250.000)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
1
road rail airport industry total
Noise levels > 55 dB

6. Effects of Noise
• (severe) annoyance
• (severe) sleep disturbance
• high blood pressure
• cardio-vascular diseases
• heart attacks
• strokes
• > 1mio DALYS/annum
• cognitive functioning
• health costs
• devaluation house prices
• production loss
• car accidents
• learning disabilities
• ..........
7-Aug-13 Working Group Air Quality Tilburg 6

7. 7-Aug-13 Working Group Air Quality Tilburg 7
New insights WHO
DALY= Disability Adjusted Life Year

8. Keep on moving!
7-Aug-13 8

9. Answers from European Union
• Thematic Strategies (Urban Environment, Air
Quality, Sustainable use, etc.)
• Environmental Noise Directive
• Vehicle directives regarding ELV’s on CO2, noise,
Air components, etc.
• Type approval legislation/regulation
• Labelling directives (tyres, energy,..)
• EUROVIGNETTE
• Action Plan on Urban Mobility
• CAFE directive
• Directive Outdoor Machinery Noise
• White Paper on Transport
7-Aug-13 9

10. Answers from European Union
• Thematic Strategies (Urban Environment, Air
Quality, Sustainable use, etc.)
• Environmental Noise Directive
• Vehicle directives regarding ELV’s on CO2, noise,
Air components, etc.
• Type approval legislation/regulation
• Labelling directives (tyres, energy,..)
• EUROVIGNETTE
• Action Plan on Urban Mobility
• CAFE directive
• Directive Outdoor Machinery Noise
• White Paper on Transport7-Aug-13 10

11. White Paper
7-Aug-13 11
• De-carbonising transport
– No casualties in 2050
– Polluter/user pay principle
– Stopping subsidies that support carbon use
– Clean, safe and quiet vehicles
– Strengthening noise emission vehicles
– Phasing out convent. fuelled vehicles in cities
– Alternative fuels/CO2 free logistics
– Intelligent infrastructure
– Labelling CO2/Eco-driving
– Urban Mobility Plans
– Harmonising pricing systems

12. How to solve the problem?
7-Aug-13 Working Group Air Quality Tilburg 12
source
societal
spatial
receptor
end of pipe
traffic
management
other

13. • Noise barriers/Embankments
• Insulation (façade, roof, double glazing)
• Cuttings, coverage's,
• Tunnels, cuttings,
• Receptor measures in existing situations
• Mini barriers along roads or strip between lanes
7-Aug-13 Working Group Air Quality Tilburg 13
end of pipe

14. • Façade insulation
• Roof insulation
• Double/triple glazing
• Quiet façades
• House design/orientation
• Double façade
7-Aug-13 Working Group Air Quality Tilburg 14
receptor

15. • Quieter/cleaner vehicles (incl. tyres)
• Quieter/cleaner trains
• Greener trams, metros, etc.
• Greener airplanes
• Quieter/cleaner outdoor machinery
• Greener traction (hybrid, e-cars, plug-ins)
• Start-stop engines
7-Aug-13 Working Group Air Quality Tilburg 15
source

16. Effects of E-vehicles
7-Aug-137-Aug-13 Working Group Air Quality Tilburg 16
Effect of electrification vehicles in urban areas is limited

17. • Zoning (buffers)
• Less parking lots inner city
• Non- sensitive building along roads
• Road design/district design
• Public Transport stops max. 5 minutes walking
• Limitations (parking bans, obstacles,..)
7-Aug-13 Working Group Air Quality Tilburg 17
spatial

18. • Speed reduction
• Smoothing traffic flow
– avoiding acceleration/deceleration/green wave
• Bundling traffic
• Restricted zones/lanes
• Dedicated lanes for buses or soft modes
• P+R terrains near stations,
• Co-modality7-Aug-13 Working Group Air Quality Tilburg 18
traffic management

19. • Collective transport
– Schools /Institutes/Enterprises (individual/area)
• Car sharing/Car pooling
• Shift to:
– Public Transport (comfortable, attractive, smart
paying,…….)
– Soft modes such as walking, biking, ....7-Aug-13 Working Group Air Quality Tilburg 19
societal

20. • Financial (diff. road pricing, etc.)
• Fiscal (e.g. for car pooling, etc)
• Green good deliveries in cities (hubs), time windows
• Green Areas/Pedestrian zones
• Introduction noise in MOT + enforcement on road (police)
• ITS/ITC such as DRIPS, Information panels, route information
devices (TfL), radar i.c. with warning panels,..
• Tele-working, e-shopping, e-learning, etc.
Anti-tampering measures illegal parts
7-Aug-13 Working Group Air Quality Tilburg 20
other

21. Smart bus stop
21

22. Freight transport
• Urban distribution/consolidation centre
using:
– Vans (electric, hybrid, biofuelled)
– Boat/bus/trams
– Other like tricycle, cargo hopper, etc.
• Night deliveries
– Quiet trucks 72 dB
– Quiet operations (behaviour, portable Quiet forklift
trucks, trolleys, containers, tonnage, cool
equipment, etc.
• Efficiency by planning,packaging and
collaboration.(8-10% savings)7-Aug-13 22

23. Noise must compete with other factors
environmental factors

24. 24
Smart Road I
Washing road Rotterdam

25. 25
Smart Roads II
Inductive Roads

26. Conclusions
• Source measures are the most effective for noise
• Bundling traffic noise ++ air quality – -fragmentation ++ road
safety ++
• Quiet road surfaces do have an overall effect
• End of pipe measures are often local and limited
• Restricted zones only work locally
• E-vehicles and hybrids have limited effect for noise in case
v>35 km/hr, need low speed zones (<35 km/hr)
7-Aug-13 Working Group Air Quality Tilburg 26

27. Efforts and focus WG Noise
• Noise Questionnaire 2008
• Leaflet on Quiet Road Surfaces
• Comments on Green & White Paper Transport
• Review Environmental Noise Directive
• Recast Vehicle Directive
• Tyre labelling regulation
• Tyre ELV’s regulation EC
7-Aug-137-Aug-13 Working Group Air Quality Tilburg 27

28. 28
Electric buses

29. Tentative reductions
7-Aug-137-Aug-13 Working Group Air Quality Tilburg 29

30. 7-Aug-13 Working Group Air Quality Tilburg 30