It is a seminar describing biochemical pathways for synthesis of plant volatiles and how the volatiles mediate the interactions among primary secondary and tertiary trophic levels in ecosystem.
2. Insights into
HIPVs
Biosynthesis and role in plant defense
against insect herbivory
Seminar II
Priyankar Mondal (PALB-7137)
Department of Entomology
UAS- Bengaluru, GKVK campus
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3. Why Chemical traits are important in plant
mediated interactions?
High diversity of chemical compounds confer
unique combinations to species and individual
plants
Expression of such chemicals are dynamic,
changing with plant ontogeny and environmental
cues
They are subjected to significant spatial and
temporal variations
Chemical perception is the dominant sensory
mode in arthropods and microbes which are the
most abundant groups interacting with plants.
Silva et al., 2018
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4. 1. What are the mechanisms that generate
volatile phytochemical diversity in plants?
2. How does the volatile plant chemistry
influence the trophic levels to defend the
plant? 4
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23. HIPVs may be released from attacked tissue by three
different, nonexclusive mechanisms.
1. They may leave the plant by oozing from wounds,
where there is direct contact between cell contents
and the atmosphere.
2. They may diffuse through cell membranes, the cell
wall, and the cuticle and thereby reach the
atmosphere.
3. They may be transported or diffuse from the cell
interior into the apoplastic space and then be
released through the stomata
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24. Do HIPVs recruit natural enemies of herbivores?
Do HIPVs alarm neighboring plants?
Do HIPVs have direct effect on herbivores?
Can herbivores manipulate the signaling of host plants?
Can herbivores make their enemies fool?
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25. Do HIPVs recruit natural enemies of herbivores?
CASE STUDY
Bemisia tabacimelon plant Encarsia desantisi
Silveira et al. 2018
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43. 21 days after infestation
Total RNA extraction from leaves
C-DNA synthesis for defense specific genes
Documentation of gene expressions
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49. Conclusion:
1. HIPVs constitute a core functioning component in tritrophic
interactions
2. HIPVs can both directly and indirectly influence pest
dynamics in ecosystem
3. Natural enemies of herbivores exploit HIPVs as one of the
most important signal in foraging
4. Priming plants with HIPVs can be a successful alternative to
combat with endemic pest species
5. HIPVs can act as a selection pressure to develop new races of
herbivores and their natural enemies
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50. For a better future of agriculture:
• Designing volatile dispensers that modulate
arthropod foraging behavior
• Apply defence inducing chemicals
• Breeding of crops for enhanced volatile emission
• Exploitation of companion plants that affect the
dynamics of pest and NEs
• Develop odor sensors to monitor pest and diseases
in the field
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