You begin the research process by identifying a problem to investigate. Choosing a topic requires higher-order thinking to evaluate multiple options and select one that is supported by observable, factual, and logical evidence. An effective topic considers the researcher's interest, availability of information, relevance, and personal resources while avoiding those that are controversial, technical, difficult to study, too broad or narrow, or vague. Potential topics can be drawn from mass media, publications, work experience, and previous coursework.