The document discusses predictions for the future of laboratory medicine in 3 key areas:
1) Laboratory organization and staffing will consolidate into large regional centers and networks, with reduced numbers of laboratories and increased outsourcing. Staff will focus more on consultative services and quality control.
2) Automation and robotics will continue to increase to make laboratories more cost efficient, though they still have limitations, especially in specialized areas like microbiology.
3) Point-of-care testing is predicted to become more common, integrated into patient care, and allow for more home testing using portable devices. Genomics and proteomics are also expected to be the basis for many new diagnostic tests in the future.
Computers are used in many areas of medicine like medical education, storing health records, diagnostics, scientific work, and therapy. They can store large amounts of patient information, assist with online appointments, help analyze medical scans, guide surgeries, and process large data sets for research. Computers also aid in knowledge sharing between medical professionals.
Stem cell therapy in neurological disorder NeurologyKota
Stem cell therapy shows promise for treating various neurological diseases. Embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and adult stem cells from sources like bone marrow and brain have all been studied. Clinical trials have shown some benefits for conditions like Parkinson's disease, stroke, ALS, and multiple sclerosis, though efficacy has not been proven. Challenges include controlling differentiation, avoiding tumor formation, and reducing immune rejection. Further research is still needed but stem cell therapy could potentially restore lost cells and repair damage in the brain and nervous system.
This document proposes using nanotechnology to create artificial red blood cells, called respirocytes, that could deliver more oxygen to tissues than natural red blood cells. Respirocytes would be spherical, 1 micron vessels containing oxygen, carbon dioxide, and ballast water storage tanks, sensors, and a nanocomputer. An onboard fuel cell would power molecular sorting rotors and subsystems using glucose and oxygen. Each respirocyte could store and deliver all of its oxygen, replacing the need for 5.36 trillion natural red blood cells to fully duplicate blood's oxygen capacity. Respirocytes could temporarily replace lost red blood cells in emergencies and also treat various forms of anemia.
For better view, press F5.
As we go through our lives each of us will have very different needs for our own healthcare.
Scientist's are constantly researching to make medical care treatment more personalized.
One way they are doing this is by-
Stem Cells therapy
Stem-cell therapy is the use of stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition.
It is also known as regenerative medicine, promotes the reparative response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives.
It is the next chapter of organ transplantation and uses cells instead of donor organs, which are limited in supply.
What are Stem cells?
Stem cells are called “master cells”
Stem cells are cells that are undifferentiated.
What are Stem cells?
Steam cells have the potential to become all other kinds of cells in our body.
What are Stem cells?
Types of Stem cells
How stem cell therapy works?
Disease cured by stem cell therapy.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Stem cell treatment of Diabetes mellitus type 1 & 2
Stem cell treatment of Stroke
Cancer treatment
Heart damage
Baldness
Tooth implanting
Deafness and blindness
Have stem cells already been used to treat diseases?
Ethical Consideration of Stem Cell Therapy
As the research method mainly focused on Embryonic Stem Cells, which involves taking tissue from an aborted embryo to get proper material to study. This is typically done just days after conception or between the 5th and 9th week.
Since then, researchers have moved on to more ethical study methods, such as Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPS). iPS is artificially derived from a non-pluripotent cell, such as adult somatic cells.
Nowadays stem cell treatment has been spreaded throughout the world. It has also been grown commercially in developed countries.
It is thought that one day it may be the major key to treat various diseases.
Using stem cells to conduct medical research and treat disease is acceptable?
Don’t know
No
Yes
Do you approve of the extraction of stem cells from human embryos for medical research?
Don’t know
No
Yes
Current Perspectives on Stem Cell Biology eminkansu
The document discusses current perspectives on stem cell biology and future implications. It provides an overview of different stem cell types including embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells. It also discusses stem cell properties such as self-renewal and differentiation, as well as potential applications in regenerative medicine for conditions like heart disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders.
This document discusses laboratory information systems (LIS). It begins by defining an LIS as a healthcare software solution that processes, stores, and manages patient data related to laboratory processes and testing. It then describes how an LIS works, recording, managing, updating, and storing patient testing data for clinical and anatomic pathology laboratories. The document also outlines the core components of an LIS, including sample tracking, protocol execution, and storage organization. It discusses why LIS are important for modern laboratories, noting they are crucial for organization, accuracy, and collaboration.
This document discusses recombinant hemoglobin, which is an artificially synthesized hemoglobin used as an oxygen carrier in hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HbOCs). Recombinant hemoglobin can be synthesized by expressing mutant globin genes in bacteria like E. coli or plants. It was first developed by Nagai and Thorgerson in 1984 using Plesiomonas shigelloides bacteria, which contain a heme transport system to uptake heme and allow for hemoglobin formation. The document describes using a one plasmid or two plasmid system with BL21(DE3) E. coli cells containing hemoglobin genes and P. shigelloides heme transport genes to produce high levels of recombinant hemoglobin. Some advantages are its universal
The document discusses predictions for the future of laboratory medicine in 3 key areas:
1) Laboratory organization and staffing will consolidate into large regional centers and networks, with reduced numbers of laboratories and increased outsourcing. Staff will focus more on consultative services and quality control.
2) Automation and robotics will continue to increase to make laboratories more cost efficient, though they still have limitations, especially in specialized areas like microbiology.
3) Point-of-care testing is predicted to become more common, integrated into patient care, and allow for more home testing using portable devices. Genomics and proteomics are also expected to be the basis for many new diagnostic tests in the future.
Computers are used in many areas of medicine like medical education, storing health records, diagnostics, scientific work, and therapy. They can store large amounts of patient information, assist with online appointments, help analyze medical scans, guide surgeries, and process large data sets for research. Computers also aid in knowledge sharing between medical professionals.
Stem cell therapy in neurological disorder NeurologyKota
Stem cell therapy shows promise for treating various neurological diseases. Embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and adult stem cells from sources like bone marrow and brain have all been studied. Clinical trials have shown some benefits for conditions like Parkinson's disease, stroke, ALS, and multiple sclerosis, though efficacy has not been proven. Challenges include controlling differentiation, avoiding tumor formation, and reducing immune rejection. Further research is still needed but stem cell therapy could potentially restore lost cells and repair damage in the brain and nervous system.
This document proposes using nanotechnology to create artificial red blood cells, called respirocytes, that could deliver more oxygen to tissues than natural red blood cells. Respirocytes would be spherical, 1 micron vessels containing oxygen, carbon dioxide, and ballast water storage tanks, sensors, and a nanocomputer. An onboard fuel cell would power molecular sorting rotors and subsystems using glucose and oxygen. Each respirocyte could store and deliver all of its oxygen, replacing the need for 5.36 trillion natural red blood cells to fully duplicate blood's oxygen capacity. Respirocytes could temporarily replace lost red blood cells in emergencies and also treat various forms of anemia.
For better view, press F5.
As we go through our lives each of us will have very different needs for our own healthcare.
Scientist's are constantly researching to make medical care treatment more personalized.
One way they are doing this is by-
Stem Cells therapy
Stem-cell therapy is the use of stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition.
It is also known as regenerative medicine, promotes the reparative response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives.
It is the next chapter of organ transplantation and uses cells instead of donor organs, which are limited in supply.
What are Stem cells?
Stem cells are called “master cells”
Stem cells are cells that are undifferentiated.
What are Stem cells?
Steam cells have the potential to become all other kinds of cells in our body.
What are Stem cells?
Types of Stem cells
How stem cell therapy works?
Disease cured by stem cell therapy.
Spinal Cord Injuries
Stem cell treatment of Diabetes mellitus type 1 & 2
Stem cell treatment of Stroke
Cancer treatment
Heart damage
Baldness
Tooth implanting
Deafness and blindness
Have stem cells already been used to treat diseases?
Ethical Consideration of Stem Cell Therapy
As the research method mainly focused on Embryonic Stem Cells, which involves taking tissue from an aborted embryo to get proper material to study. This is typically done just days after conception or between the 5th and 9th week.
Since then, researchers have moved on to more ethical study methods, such as Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPS). iPS is artificially derived from a non-pluripotent cell, such as adult somatic cells.
Nowadays stem cell treatment has been spreaded throughout the world. It has also been grown commercially in developed countries.
It is thought that one day it may be the major key to treat various diseases.
Using stem cells to conduct medical research and treat disease is acceptable?
Don’t know
No
Yes
Do you approve of the extraction of stem cells from human embryos for medical research?
Don’t know
No
Yes
Current Perspectives on Stem Cell Biology eminkansu
The document discusses current perspectives on stem cell biology and future implications. It provides an overview of different stem cell types including embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells. It also discusses stem cell properties such as self-renewal and differentiation, as well as potential applications in regenerative medicine for conditions like heart disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders.
This document discusses laboratory information systems (LIS). It begins by defining an LIS as a healthcare software solution that processes, stores, and manages patient data related to laboratory processes and testing. It then describes how an LIS works, recording, managing, updating, and storing patient testing data for clinical and anatomic pathology laboratories. The document also outlines the core components of an LIS, including sample tracking, protocol execution, and storage organization. It discusses why LIS are important for modern laboratories, noting they are crucial for organization, accuracy, and collaboration.
This document discusses recombinant hemoglobin, which is an artificially synthesized hemoglobin used as an oxygen carrier in hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HbOCs). Recombinant hemoglobin can be synthesized by expressing mutant globin genes in bacteria like E. coli or plants. It was first developed by Nagai and Thorgerson in 1984 using Plesiomonas shigelloides bacteria, which contain a heme transport system to uptake heme and allow for hemoglobin formation. The document describes using a one plasmid or two plasmid system with BL21(DE3) E. coli cells containing hemoglobin genes and P. shigelloides heme transport genes to produce high levels of recombinant hemoglobin. Some advantages are its universal
- The speaker is a gold medalist in medicine who has received national and international awards for outstanding work in regenerative medicine.
- He was recently recognized by Ohio State University and invited for advanced training in organ development in the US.
- He has published several research papers and treated over 2000 patients using cellular medicine.
- The presentation will cover topics related to regenerative medicine including stem cell types, practical experiences, future directions in areas like organ development and 3D printing technology.
Ideation in Medical Device Development: Finding Clinical NeedsCIMIT
This presentation focuses on:
Decreasing failure by finding and developing a compelling need.
Understanding needs - finding and screening.
Selecting meaningful projects for entrepreneurial effort.
Sharing examples of needs and need statements.
Beginning a paradigm shift from technology push to need pull.
In our latest SlideShare, we discuss the exciting new field of stem cells in regenerative medicine. These slides cover briefly the sources and types of stem cells, as well as the recent figures and growing interest in this sector. Recent R&D highlights would focus on the vast potential of stem cells; for blood disorders, multiple sclerosis, diabetes as well as brain injury.
This document summarizes information about pneumatic tube systems (PTS) used for transporting laboratory samples and medical supplies within hospitals. It provides details about the components, operation, and applications of PTS. It also reviews several studies that have evaluated the impact of PTS transportation on various laboratory tests and sample quality, finding that PTS transportation does not significantly affect most tests as long as proper containers and protocols are used. The document concludes that PTS can improve turnaround times and reduce costs while being a generally safe method for intra-hospital transportation.
Michael Dell founded Dell Inc. in 1984 out of his dorm room with $1,000. He pioneered the direct sales model of custom-built computers. Dell grew to become one of the top five PC companies by 1994 and continued expanding its product lines. It struggled in the 2000s facing competition in China and declining hardware margins. Dell went private in 2013 and continues adapting to remain competitive in a challenging industry.
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine Suman Nandy
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological tissues. Tissue engineering involves the use of a scaffold for the formation of new viable tissue for a medical purpose.
Reporting and interpretation of laboratory resultsJoyce Mwatonoka
This document discusses the reporting and interpretation of laboratory test results. It outlines key factors that affect the reliability of lab tests such as accuracy versus precision. Random and systematic errors can influence test results. Reference ranges may vary between laboratories and populations due to factors like age, sex, and location. Test results should be interpreted in the clinical context and considering biological variability. False positive and negative results are possible. Various conditions like exercise, medications, and nutrition can impact lab values in healthy individuals. The interpretation of culture results depends on the microorganism isolated.
This document discusses hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), including indications for autologous and allogeneic HSCT, pre-transplant evaluation procedures, sources of stem cells, HLA matching, peripheral blood stem cell mobilization and collection, and cryopreservation of stem cells. Key points include that HSCT involves transferring stem cells to repopulate the bone marrow, common indications include various forms of cancer and blood disorders, extensive pre-transplant testing is required, and stem cells can be obtained from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or cord blood and must be cryopreserved at specific temperatures and rates to maintain viability long-term.
IBM provides a 20 slide presentation summarizing its business. The summary is:
IBM has transformed itself into a cognitive solutions and cloud computing company through investments in Watson and IBM Cloud. It provides cognitive capabilities and cloud platforms to help organizations across industries digitally transform and make better data-driven decisions. IBM remains a global leader in areas like AI, cloud, security and blockchain through continued innovation in its products, services and research.
Henrietta Lacks' cervical cancer cells, taken without her consent in 1951, were the first human cells successfully cloned. Known as HeLa cells, they have been invaluable for medical research, including the development of the polio vaccine and cancer treatments. However, Lacks' family did not find out about her immortal cells for decades and were never compensated for the cell line's contributions, which generated billions in profits. Her story highlights the ethical issues around informed consent and benefit-sharing that are still grappled with today in medical research involving human cells and tissue.
This document discusses several principles of genetics including dominance, co-dominance, genetic disorders, and human cloning. It provides arguments for and against human cloning. While cloning could help endangered species, cloning humans may result in individuals who are very different from the original despite having the same genes. Overall, the document concludes that cloning humans should not be allowed due to risks of significant differences in personality and behaviors compared to the original person.
Stem cell therapy involves using stem cells to treat diseases. There are two main types of stem cells: adult stem cells found in tissues like bone marrow, and embryonic stem cells from early-stage embryos. Stem cell therapy has been used to treat conditions like spinal cord injuries, diabetes, heart disease, stroke, cancer, baldness, and more. Clinical trials are underway but some ethical issues surround the use of embryonic stem cells if human embryos are destroyed in the process.
Gene therapy of genetic disorders like hepatitis, neuroblastoma, thalassemiaD.R. Chandravanshi
Gene therapy is the modern techniques of treatment of various diseases and disorders.
Gene therapy is the introduction of genes into existing cells to prevent or cure a wide range of diseases.
It is a technique for correcting defective genes responsible for disease development.
Inactivating, or “knocking out,” a mutated gene that is functioning improperly.
The first approved gene therapy experiment occurred on September1990 in US, when Ashanti DeSilva was treated for ADA-SCID.
Under the direction of William French Anderson, at the National Institutes of Health (NIH),
Regenerative medicine uses stem cell therapy and tissue engineering to replace damaged cells and repair organs. It aims to treat age-related diseases by generating replacement cells from stem cells. Regenerative medicine works by isolating cells, manipulating and expanding them, and transplanting the modified cells back into patients to replace malfunctioning cells. Pioneers in the field have used this approach to successfully engineer tissues like bladders and windpipes. Induced pluripotent stem cells allow adult cells to be reprogrammed and have potential for personalized regenerative medicine without ethical concerns of embryonic stem cells. Regenerative medicine holds promise for treating many currently incurable diseases.
Dell Inc. is a major computer hardware, software, and services company headquartered in the US with over 110,000 employees generating $63.07 billion in revenue in 2012. The document provides an overview of Dell including its CEO, competitors, strengths/weaknesses, opportunities/threats and analyses of its competitive position, capabilities, strategies, and diversification opportunities.
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that can differentiate into specialized cells and divide to produce more stem cells. There are two main types: embryonic stem cells isolated from blastocysts and adult stem cells found in tissues. Stem cells are characterized by their ability to self-renew and their potency to differentiate. Stem cell therapy uses stem cells to treat diseases by promoting tissue regeneration when stem cells differentiate into the target tissue upon transplantation. While stem cell therapy holds promise, ethical issues surround the use of embryonic stem cells and challenges remain in obtaining cells and ensuring successful transplantation and treatment of diseases.
This document provides an overview of stem cell therapy and research. It discusses the history of stem cell research from the first bone marrow transplant in 1968 to cloning experiments in the 1990s and 2000s. It defines stem cells as the foundation for organs and tissues that can self-renew and differentiate. Sources of stem cells include embryonic, adult, and induced pluripotent stem cells. Potential uses include treating diseases like diabetes, Parkinson's, and heart disease. However, challenges remain around ethical issues, delivery methods, and preventing tumor growth or rejection.
Tom Stephenson from SIMUL8 Corporation gives a presentation on improving laboratory flow with simulation. He discusses how simulation can be used to test improvements, assess the impact of new machinery, optimize layouts, and understand how systems will cope with demand changes. Common uses of simulation for laboratories include evaluating new equipment purchases, assessing total laboratory automation, and testing different layouts and demand scenarios. Case studies are presented on comparing tissue processors and simulating an automated laboratory and its impact on patient flow.
The SIMATIC Automation Tool allows users to manage networks of SIMATIC devices through operations like scanning networks, downloading programs and firmware, setting device parameters, and reading diagnostic information. It supports many standard and fail-safe CPUs and I/O modules from Siemens. The tool aims to simplify maintenance of automation networks containing many devices by processing operations across multiple devices in parallel threads.
Explanation:
Provides a brief description of the cause of the alarm.
Reaction:
Describes the system reaction to the alarm, e.g. the machine stops.
Help:
Provides references to other documentation containing more detailed information on
evaluating and eliminating the cause of the alarm.
Continue program:
Specifies whether it is possible to continue the part program after the alarm occurs and has
been acknowledged.
The structure of the alarm descriptions is standardized. This ensures that all relevant
information is provided for each alarm.
SINAMICS alarms
The descriptions for the SINAMICS alarms can be found in chapter 5.
The structure of the SINAMICS alarm descriptions
- The speaker is a gold medalist in medicine who has received national and international awards for outstanding work in regenerative medicine.
- He was recently recognized by Ohio State University and invited for advanced training in organ development in the US.
- He has published several research papers and treated over 2000 patients using cellular medicine.
- The presentation will cover topics related to regenerative medicine including stem cell types, practical experiences, future directions in areas like organ development and 3D printing technology.
Ideation in Medical Device Development: Finding Clinical NeedsCIMIT
This presentation focuses on:
Decreasing failure by finding and developing a compelling need.
Understanding needs - finding and screening.
Selecting meaningful projects for entrepreneurial effort.
Sharing examples of needs and need statements.
Beginning a paradigm shift from technology push to need pull.
In our latest SlideShare, we discuss the exciting new field of stem cells in regenerative medicine. These slides cover briefly the sources and types of stem cells, as well as the recent figures and growing interest in this sector. Recent R&D highlights would focus on the vast potential of stem cells; for blood disorders, multiple sclerosis, diabetes as well as brain injury.
This document summarizes information about pneumatic tube systems (PTS) used for transporting laboratory samples and medical supplies within hospitals. It provides details about the components, operation, and applications of PTS. It also reviews several studies that have evaluated the impact of PTS transportation on various laboratory tests and sample quality, finding that PTS transportation does not significantly affect most tests as long as proper containers and protocols are used. The document concludes that PTS can improve turnaround times and reduce costs while being a generally safe method for intra-hospital transportation.
Michael Dell founded Dell Inc. in 1984 out of his dorm room with $1,000. He pioneered the direct sales model of custom-built computers. Dell grew to become one of the top five PC companies by 1994 and continued expanding its product lines. It struggled in the 2000s facing competition in China and declining hardware margins. Dell went private in 2013 and continues adapting to remain competitive in a challenging industry.
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine Suman Nandy
Tissue engineering is the use of a combination of cells, engineering and materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to improve or replace biological tissues. Tissue engineering involves the use of a scaffold for the formation of new viable tissue for a medical purpose.
Reporting and interpretation of laboratory resultsJoyce Mwatonoka
This document discusses the reporting and interpretation of laboratory test results. It outlines key factors that affect the reliability of lab tests such as accuracy versus precision. Random and systematic errors can influence test results. Reference ranges may vary between laboratories and populations due to factors like age, sex, and location. Test results should be interpreted in the clinical context and considering biological variability. False positive and negative results are possible. Various conditions like exercise, medications, and nutrition can impact lab values in healthy individuals. The interpretation of culture results depends on the microorganism isolated.
This document discusses hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), including indications for autologous and allogeneic HSCT, pre-transplant evaluation procedures, sources of stem cells, HLA matching, peripheral blood stem cell mobilization and collection, and cryopreservation of stem cells. Key points include that HSCT involves transferring stem cells to repopulate the bone marrow, common indications include various forms of cancer and blood disorders, extensive pre-transplant testing is required, and stem cells can be obtained from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or cord blood and must be cryopreserved at specific temperatures and rates to maintain viability long-term.
IBM provides a 20 slide presentation summarizing its business. The summary is:
IBM has transformed itself into a cognitive solutions and cloud computing company through investments in Watson and IBM Cloud. It provides cognitive capabilities and cloud platforms to help organizations across industries digitally transform and make better data-driven decisions. IBM remains a global leader in areas like AI, cloud, security and blockchain through continued innovation in its products, services and research.
Henrietta Lacks' cervical cancer cells, taken without her consent in 1951, were the first human cells successfully cloned. Known as HeLa cells, they have been invaluable for medical research, including the development of the polio vaccine and cancer treatments. However, Lacks' family did not find out about her immortal cells for decades and were never compensated for the cell line's contributions, which generated billions in profits. Her story highlights the ethical issues around informed consent and benefit-sharing that are still grappled with today in medical research involving human cells and tissue.
This document discusses several principles of genetics including dominance, co-dominance, genetic disorders, and human cloning. It provides arguments for and against human cloning. While cloning could help endangered species, cloning humans may result in individuals who are very different from the original despite having the same genes. Overall, the document concludes that cloning humans should not be allowed due to risks of significant differences in personality and behaviors compared to the original person.
Stem cell therapy involves using stem cells to treat diseases. There are two main types of stem cells: adult stem cells found in tissues like bone marrow, and embryonic stem cells from early-stage embryos. Stem cell therapy has been used to treat conditions like spinal cord injuries, diabetes, heart disease, stroke, cancer, baldness, and more. Clinical trials are underway but some ethical issues surround the use of embryonic stem cells if human embryos are destroyed in the process.
Gene therapy of genetic disorders like hepatitis, neuroblastoma, thalassemiaD.R. Chandravanshi
Gene therapy is the modern techniques of treatment of various diseases and disorders.
Gene therapy is the introduction of genes into existing cells to prevent or cure a wide range of diseases.
It is a technique for correcting defective genes responsible for disease development.
Inactivating, or “knocking out,” a mutated gene that is functioning improperly.
The first approved gene therapy experiment occurred on September1990 in US, when Ashanti DeSilva was treated for ADA-SCID.
Under the direction of William French Anderson, at the National Institutes of Health (NIH),
Regenerative medicine uses stem cell therapy and tissue engineering to replace damaged cells and repair organs. It aims to treat age-related diseases by generating replacement cells from stem cells. Regenerative medicine works by isolating cells, manipulating and expanding them, and transplanting the modified cells back into patients to replace malfunctioning cells. Pioneers in the field have used this approach to successfully engineer tissues like bladders and windpipes. Induced pluripotent stem cells allow adult cells to be reprogrammed and have potential for personalized regenerative medicine without ethical concerns of embryonic stem cells. Regenerative medicine holds promise for treating many currently incurable diseases.
Dell Inc. is a major computer hardware, software, and services company headquartered in the US with over 110,000 employees generating $63.07 billion in revenue in 2012. The document provides an overview of Dell including its CEO, competitors, strengths/weaknesses, opportunities/threats and analyses of its competitive position, capabilities, strategies, and diversification opportunities.
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that can differentiate into specialized cells and divide to produce more stem cells. There are two main types: embryonic stem cells isolated from blastocysts and adult stem cells found in tissues. Stem cells are characterized by their ability to self-renew and their potency to differentiate. Stem cell therapy uses stem cells to treat diseases by promoting tissue regeneration when stem cells differentiate into the target tissue upon transplantation. While stem cell therapy holds promise, ethical issues surround the use of embryonic stem cells and challenges remain in obtaining cells and ensuring successful transplantation and treatment of diseases.
This document provides an overview of stem cell therapy and research. It discusses the history of stem cell research from the first bone marrow transplant in 1968 to cloning experiments in the 1990s and 2000s. It defines stem cells as the foundation for organs and tissues that can self-renew and differentiate. Sources of stem cells include embryonic, adult, and induced pluripotent stem cells. Potential uses include treating diseases like diabetes, Parkinson's, and heart disease. However, challenges remain around ethical issues, delivery methods, and preventing tumor growth or rejection.
Tom Stephenson from SIMUL8 Corporation gives a presentation on improving laboratory flow with simulation. He discusses how simulation can be used to test improvements, assess the impact of new machinery, optimize layouts, and understand how systems will cope with demand changes. Common uses of simulation for laboratories include evaluating new equipment purchases, assessing total laboratory automation, and testing different layouts and demand scenarios. Case studies are presented on comparing tissue processors and simulating an automated laboratory and its impact on patient flow.
The SIMATIC Automation Tool allows users to manage networks of SIMATIC devices through operations like scanning networks, downloading programs and firmware, setting device parameters, and reading diagnostic information. It supports many standard and fail-safe CPUs and I/O modules from Siemens. The tool aims to simplify maintenance of automation networks containing many devices by processing operations across multiple devices in parallel threads.
Explanation:
Provides a brief description of the cause of the alarm.
Reaction:
Describes the system reaction to the alarm, e.g. the machine stops.
Help:
Provides references to other documentation containing more detailed information on
evaluating and eliminating the cause of the alarm.
Continue program:
Specifies whether it is possible to continue the part program after the alarm occurs and has
been acknowledged.
The structure of the alarm descriptions is standardized. This ensures that all relevant
information is provided for each alarm.
SINAMICS alarms
The descriptions for the SINAMICS alarms can be found in chapter 5.
The structure of the SINAMICS alarm descriptions
Presentazione Siemens all' Archibus user conference 2011 siemenseFM srl
1) Siemens Healthcare implemented ARCHIBUS to centralize facility and asset management across multiple sites and solve issues with information fragmentation.
2) They created a national ARCHIBUS database and web central portal to share information, standardize processes, and implement solutions like a centralized service request system.
3) Additional goals included creating a standardized equipment database to reduce ambiguities, integrating ARCHIBUS with other systems to monitor KPIs and service performance, and focusing on core medical services by eliminating redundant manual processes.
The document provides information about the SIMATIC S7-1500/ET 200MP Analog Input Module AI 8xU/I HS. It includes sections on properties, functions, wiring, parameters, interrupts, diagnostics, technical specifications, and dimensions. The module allows high-speed analog input measurement for up to 8 channels and supports voltage or current input types. It provides interrupts, diagnostics, and parameter assignment capabilities.
This document provides guidance on configuring messages and alarms in WinCC (TIA Portal) when used with Siemens S7-1200 and S7-1500 programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It describes configuring user-defined alarms, system-defined alarms including system events and CPU diagnostic alarms, and controller alarms using alarm procedures like Program_Alarm and Get_AlarmState. The document also discusses using alarm classes and groups as well as acknowledgment models for alarms.
This document provides an installation guide for the RUGGEDCOM RSG2488 device. It includes instructions for mounting the device, connecting power supplies, connecting communication ports, and technical specifications. The guide contains 6 chapters that cover preface information, installing the device, communication ports, and technical specifications. It provides concise instructions and diagrams for properly setting up and configuring the RSG2488.
This document provides information about the CP 1242-7 communications processor module for connecting an S7-1200 programmable logic controller to a GSM network via GPRS. The module allows remote access, monitoring, and control of the S7-1200. It provides LED indicators and connectors for power, Ethernet, and antenna connections. The document describes the module's applications and properties, provides configuration examples, and lists requirements for use, including supported SIM cards, firmware versions, and qualified personnel needed for installation and operation. It also includes sections on diagnostics, technical specifications, approvals, and references for additional information.
This document provides instructions for preparing and commissioning equipment modules using the example of a PCS 7 project. The key steps include:
1. Importing the PCS 7 project file
2. Opening the OS project
3. Configuring the computer name in WinCC Explorer
4. Reopening the WinCC Explorer and variables library
This allows the operator station to be prepared for commissioning the equipment modules.
The document provides instructions for commissioning a SINAMICS S200 PN drive via its integrated web server. It describes accessing the web server, performing a quick setup to configure basic drive parameters, and using the control panel to monitor and operate the drive. Key steps include connecting to the web server at its default IP address, selecting quick setup to configure the motor and I/O, and taking control to operate the drive and monitor its status via the control panel.
Guided
commissioning
The assistant supports you in the commis-
sioning of the CPU and connected modules.
You are guided step-by-step through the com-
missioning.
You save time during commissioning and avoid
errors.
Web server: Down-
load/upload of files
You can exchange files between the CPU and
a Web browser.
You can exchange files without STEP 7, for ex-
ample, during commissioning or maintenance.
You save time and resources.
Web server: Down-
load/upload of files
You can exchange files between the CPU and
a Web browser.
You can exchange files without STEP 7, for ex-
ample, during
This document provides information about the web server functionality of SIMATIC S7-1500 and ET 200SP CPUs. It describes how to configure the web server and access various diagnostic and system information pages through a web browser. These pages include the start page, diagnostics, the diagnostics buffer, module information, firmware updates, alarms, communication status, topology, tag status, watch tables, and custom user pages. The document contains instructions, examples and interface screenshots to help users understand and make use of the web server capabilities.
Enabling Continous Delivery in the Siemens Healthineers Digital Ecosystem Pla...Vladyslav Ukis
In this presentation, we demonstrate how Continuous Delivery can be enabled in a large distributed medical software development organization.
We point out that Continuous Delivery Transformation requires changes to all processes of a traditional software delivery organization. We show new ways of working to define, test and deploy software that lead to Continuous Delivery.
The health:code 2018 conference in Berlin featured a talk with this presentation.
The document introduces the Siemens S7-1200 programmable logic controller (PLC). It describes the S7-1200 as a powerful yet flexible and compact PLC solution. The S7-1200 offers built-in PROFINET connectivity, onboard I/O, and high-speed processing. Engineering software STEP 7 Basic provides helpful tools for easy programming and configuration of the PLC. The document also provides overviews of PLC concepts and programming to help users get started with the S7-1200 system.
The document describes the hardware design of the PC Adapter USB, including its connections, LED indicators, power supply from the MPI cable, and interfaces for USB and MPI/DP. It provides specifications for operating the adapter and connecting it to a PC and MPI/DP network. The package components including software CD, USB and MPI cables are also listed.
The document provides an overview of the SuiteMed software, which combines practice management and electronic health records. It describes features such as patient check-in, eligibility checking, billing, reporting, physician charting tools, and lab integration. The software is designed to streamline workflows and improve efficiency for healthcare practices.
STARTER (http://support.automation.siemens.com/WW/view/en/89254024)
• Startdrive (http://support.automation.siemens.com/WW/view/en/109738242)
4.1 Commissioning with STARTER
Connecting the Control Unit to the PC
Procedure
Proceed as follows to connect the Control Unit to the PC:
1. Connect the USB cable to the USB interface of the Control Unit.
2. Connect the other end of the USB cable to the PC.
3. Switch on the inverter power supply.
4. Start STARTER.
5
This document provides an introduction to the SIMATIC S7-1200 programmable logic controller (PLC) system from Siemens. It describes the key features and capabilities of the S7-1200 PLC including:
- Built-in PROFINET communications and onboard analog and digital I/O points for minimized space requirements. Additional I/O is available via signal and expansion modules.
- Compatible SIMATIC HMI Basic operator interface panels for integrated control and visualization.
- The STEP 7 Basic programming software for easy configuration of the PLC hardware and development of user programs for control applications.
- Built-in functions for motion control, pulse generators, high-speed counting, and communications between devices
This document discusses operational amplifier specifications and how to understand them. It defines common op amp specifications such as input offset voltage, input current, common mode voltage range, maximum output voltage swing, slew rate, equivalent input noise, and unity gain bandwidth. Understanding these specifications is important for selecting the right op amp for a given application. The document provides detailed explanations and examples for each specification.
Siemens catalog tong hop siemens micromaster driveDien Ha The
The document is a catalog from Siemens that describes their MICROMASTER line of inverters. It provides an overview of the MICROMASTER 420, 430, and 440 models. The MICROMASTER 420 is a universal inverter for applications from 0.12 kW to 11 kW. The MICROMASTER 430 is specialized for pump and fan applications from 7.5 kW to 250 kW. The MICROMASTER 440 is an all-purpose inverter from 0.12 kW to 250 kW that offers advanced control methods including vector control. The catalog provides information on options for each model like operator panels, communication modules, and filters.
This document provides an overview and technical specifications for various Siemens S7-300 automation system modules, including:
1. General technical data that applies to all modules such as standards, approvals, environmental conditions, and specifications.
2. Details on power supply modules including ratings for 3 different power modules ranging from 2A to 10A.
3. Information on digital input/output modules including module overview, selection guidance, programming, diagnostics, and specifications for 16 different digital I/O modules covering a range of channel counts and voltage types.
ViewShift: Hassle-free Dynamic Policy Enforcement for Every Data LakeWalaa Eldin Moustafa
Dynamic policy enforcement is becoming an increasingly important topic in today’s world where data privacy and compliance is a top priority for companies, individuals, and regulators alike. In these slides, we discuss how LinkedIn implements a powerful dynamic policy enforcement engine, called ViewShift, and integrates it within its data lake. We show the query engine architecture and how catalog implementations can automatically route table resolutions to compliance-enforcing SQL views. Such views have a set of very interesting properties: (1) They are auto-generated from declarative data annotations. (2) They respect user-level consent and preferences (3) They are context-aware, encoding a different set of transformations for different use cases (4) They are portable; while the SQL logic is only implemented in one SQL dialect, it is accessible in all engines.
#SQL #Views #Privacy #Compliance #DataLake
The Building Blocks of QuestDB, a Time Series Databasejavier ramirez
Talk Delivered at Valencia Codes Meetup 2024-06.
Traditionally, databases have treated timestamps just as another data type. However, when performing real-time analytics, timestamps should be first class citizens and we need rich time semantics to get the most out of our data. We also need to deal with ever growing datasets while keeping performant, which is as fun as it sounds.
It is no wonder time-series databases are now more popular than ever before. Join me in this session to learn about the internal architecture and building blocks of QuestDB, an open source time-series database designed for speed. We will also review a history of some of the changes we have gone over the past two years to deal with late and unordered data, non-blocking writes, read-replicas, or faster batch ingestion.
4th Modern Marketing Reckoner by MMA Global India & Group M: 60+ experts on W...Social Samosa
The Modern Marketing Reckoner (MMR) is a comprehensive resource packed with POVs from 60+ industry leaders on how AI is transforming the 4 key pillars of marketing – product, place, price and promotions.
End-to-end pipeline agility - Berlin Buzzwords 2024Lars Albertsson
We describe how we achieve high change agility in data engineering by eliminating the fear of breaking downstream data pipelines through end-to-end pipeline testing, and by using schema metaprogramming to safely eliminate boilerplate involved in changes that affect whole pipelines.
A quick poll on agility in changing pipelines from end to end indicated a huge span in capabilities. For the question "How long time does it take for all downstream pipelines to be adapted to an upstream change," the median response was 6 months, but some respondents could do it in less than a day. When quantitative data engineering differences between the best and worst are measured, the span is often 100x-1000x, sometimes even more.
A long time ago, we suffered at Spotify from fear of changing pipelines due to not knowing what the impact might be downstream. We made plans for a technical solution to test pipelines end-to-end to mitigate that fear, but the effort failed for cultural reasons. We eventually solved this challenge, but in a different context. In this presentation we will describe how we test full pipelines effectively by manipulating workflow orchestration, which enables us to make changes in pipelines without fear of breaking downstream.
Making schema changes that affect many jobs also involves a lot of toil and boilerplate. Using schema-on-read mitigates some of it, but has drawbacks since it makes it more difficult to detect errors early. We will describe how we have rejected this tradeoff by applying schema metaprogramming, eliminating boilerplate but keeping the protection of static typing, thereby further improving agility to quickly modify data pipelines without fear.
The Ipsos - AI - Monitor 2024 Report.pdfSocial Samosa
According to Ipsos AI Monitor's 2024 report, 65% Indians said that products and services using AI have profoundly changed their daily life in the past 3-5 years.
STATATHON: Unleashing the Power of Statistics in a 48-Hour Knowledge Extravag...sameer shah
"Join us for STATATHON, a dynamic 2-day event dedicated to exploring statistical knowledge and its real-world applications. From theory to practice, participants engage in intensive learning sessions, workshops, and challenges, fostering a deeper understanding of statistical methodologies and their significance in various fields."
State of Artificial intelligence Report 2023kuntobimo2016
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a multidisciplinary field of science and engineering whose goal is to create intelligent machines.
We believe that AI will be a force multiplier on technological progress in our increasingly digital, data-driven world. This is because everything around us today, ranging from culture to consumer products, is a product of intelligence.
The State of AI Report is now in its sixth year. Consider this report as a compilation of the most interesting things we’ve seen with a goal of triggering an informed conversation about the state of AI and its implication for the future.
We consider the following key dimensions in our report:
Research: Technology breakthroughs and their capabilities.
Industry: Areas of commercial application for AI and its business impact.
Politics: Regulation of AI, its economic implications and the evolving geopolitics of AI.
Safety: Identifying and mitigating catastrophic risks that highly-capable future AI systems could pose to us.
Predictions: What we believe will happen in the next 12 months and a 2022 performance review to keep us honest.
Analysis insight about a Flyball dog competition team's performanceroli9797
Insight of my analysis about a Flyball dog competition team's last year performance. Find more: https://github.com/rolandnagy-ds/flyball_race_analysis/tree/main
Global Situational Awareness of A.I. and where its headedvikram sood
You can see the future first in San Francisco.
Over the past year, the talk of the town has shifted from $10 billion compute clusters to $100 billion clusters to trillion-dollar clusters. Every six months another zero is added to the boardroom plans. Behind the scenes, there’s a fierce scramble to secure every power contract still available for the rest of the decade, every voltage transformer that can possibly be procured. American big business is gearing up to pour trillions of dollars into a long-unseen mobilization of American industrial might. By the end of the decade, American electricity production will have grown tens of percent; from the shale fields of Pennsylvania to the solar farms of Nevada, hundreds of millions of GPUs will hum.
The AGI race has begun. We are building machines that can think and reason. By 2025/26, these machines will outpace college graduates. By the end of the decade, they will be smarter than you or I; we will have superintelligence, in the true sense of the word. Along the way, national security forces not seen in half a century will be un-leashed, and before long, The Project will be on. If we’re lucky, we’ll be in an all-out race with the CCP; if we’re unlucky, an all-out war.
Everyone is now talking about AI, but few have the faintest glimmer of what is about to hit them. Nvidia analysts still think 2024 might be close to the peak. Mainstream pundits are stuck on the wilful blindness of “it’s just predicting the next word”. They see only hype and business-as-usual; at most they entertain another internet-scale technological change.
Before long, the world will wake up. But right now, there are perhaps a few hundred people, most of them in San Francisco and the AI labs, that have situational awareness. Through whatever peculiar forces of fate, I have found myself amongst them. A few years ago, these people were derided as crazy—but they trusted the trendlines, which allowed them to correctly predict the AI advances of the past few years. Whether these people are also right about the next few years remains to be seen. But these are very smart people—the smartest people I have ever met—and they are the ones building this technology. Perhaps they will be an odd footnote in history, or perhaps they will go down in history like Szilard and Oppenheimer and Teller. If they are seeing the future even close to correctly, we are in for a wild ride.
Let me tell you what we see.
Influence of Marketing Strategy and Market Competition on Business Plan
Inmulite2500 operator's manual
1. Siemens Medical Solutions Diagnostics
62 Flanders-Bartley Road
Flanders, New Jersey 07836
Phone: 973-927-2828
Fax: 973-927-4101
www.siemens.com/diagnostics
TO : IMMULITE®
2000/2500 Operators
FROM : Customer Education and Communications
SUBJECT : Name Change Addendum
DPC was acquired by Siemens Medical Solutions in July 2006. In January 2007, DPC was merged
with Bayer Diagnostics (also acquired by Siemens Medical Solutions) to form Siemens Medical
Solutions Diagnostics, a wholly owned subsidiary of Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc.
As a result, Siemens Diagnostics is updating the user manuals to reflect the name change. The cover
and copyright pages of this manual were updated accordingly.
Cover and copyright pages with the DPC logo and copyright information are provided for those
countries that still use the DPC name.
If you have questions about this information, please contact NJCECReleases@dpconline.com.
7. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A iii
Table of Contents
SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................1
About this Manual.....................................................................................................................2
Conventions.........................................................................................................................2
Control Naming Conventions...............................................................................................3
Figures.................................................................................................................................3
Trademarks..........................................................................................................................3
Product Descriptions ................................................................................................................4
Principles of Operation.........................................................................................................4
Operator Tasks ....................................................................................................................4
Output Specifications...........................................................................................................5
Operating Modes .................................................................................................................6
Pipetting Sequence..............................................................................................................6
System Components............................................................................................................7
Kit Components .................................................................................................................12
Other Test Supplies ...........................................................................................................16
Software Overview .................................................................................................................18
Toolbar...............................................................................................................................18
Menu Bar ...........................................................................................................................20
Contact Information ................................................................................................................23
Technical Service...............................................................................................................23
Placing an Order................................................................................................................23
SECTION 2: CONFIGURING AND UPDATING THE SYSTEM...............................................25
Configuring the System ..........................................................................................................26
Display Options..................................................................................................................26
Auto Dilutions.....................................................................................................................27
ID Information ....................................................................................................................30
Configuration Settings........................................................................................................30
LIS......................................................................................................................................34
DPC Configuration.............................................................................................................37
DPC Load Scale ................................................................................................................38
Instrument Mode................................................................................................................38
Reset Load Scale...............................................................................................................39
Test Ranges.......................................................................................................................41
Allergen Ranges ................................................................................................................42
Reflexive Tests ..................................................................................................................43
Panel Configuration ...........................................................................................................50
Units Configuration ............................................................................................................56
Reports ..............................................................................................................................57
Changing Windows Settings...................................................................................................65
Resetting the Date and Time .............................................................................................65
Changing the Sound ..........................................................................................................67
8. iv 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
Updating the System ..............................................................................................................67
SECTION 3: ROUTINE MAINTENANCE .................................................................................69
Daily Maintenance..................................................................................................................70
Logging off the System ......................................................................................................71
Initializing Diagnostics........................................................................................................72
Cleaning the Sample and Reagent Probes........................................................................73
Restarting the Computer....................................................................................................75
Filling the Reaction Tube Hopper ......................................................................................76
Checking and Filling the Water Bottle................................................................................77
Checking and Filling the Probe Wash................................................................................78
Checking and Filling the Substrate ....................................................................................79
Checking the Waste Containers ........................................................................................80
Priming the Sample and Reagent Pipettors.......................................................................81
Priming the Water Probe (IMMULITE 2000 Only)..............................................................82
Priming the Substrate Probe..............................................................................................83
Weekly Maintenance ..............................................................................................................84
Cleaning the Waste Tube (IMMULITE 2000).....................................................................84
Cleaning the Waste Tube (IMMULITE 2500).....................................................................84
Monthly Maintenance .............................................................................................................86
Checking the Dispense Angle of the Reagent Probe.........................................................86
Cleaning the Fan Filter.......................................................................................................86
Decontaminating the Clot Detection Transducer ...............................................................88
Decontaminating the Bottles and Lines .............................................................................89
Quarterly Maintenance ...........................................................................................................91
Replacing the CO2 Scrubber.............................................................................................91
As Needed Maintenance ........................................................................................................92
Cleaning the Monitor..........................................................................................................92
Cleaning the Trackball .......................................................................................................92
Water Test Procedure (IMMULITE 2000) ..........................................................................92
Water Test Procedure (IMMULITE 2500) ..........................................................................94
Evaluating WATERTEST Results......................................................................................95
SECTION 4: ENTERING A KIT AND ADJUSTING AN ASSAY..............................................97
Entering a Kit..........................................................................................................................98
Scanning a 2D Kit Barcode Using a 2D Scanner...............................................................98
Scanning a 2D Kit Barcode Using an Imaging Scanner ....................................................99
Entering Allergens and Allergen Wedges ........................................................................102
Reviewing Kit Information ................................................................................................106
Adjusting an Assay...............................................................................................................108
Adjustment Printout..........................................................................................................111
Checking Adjustment Validity ..........................................................................................117
9. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A v
SECTION 5: ENTERING CONTROL INFORMATION AND REVIEWING CONTROL DATA119
Entering New Control Information ........................................................................................120
Additional Control Procedures .........................................................................................124
Qualitative Controls..........................................................................................................124
Controls Reported as Ratios............................................................................................125
Adding a Level .................................................................................................................125
Changing a Level.............................................................................................................126
Editing Control Information ...................................................................................................129
Reviewing Control Data........................................................................................................131
Adding Comments ...........................................................................................................135
Removing Points..............................................................................................................137
Deleting Tests for a Control..................................................................................................138
Quality Control Management................................................................................................139
Control Not for On-line QC...............................................................................................139
Single Rule.......................................................................................................................139
Multi Rule.........................................................................................................................139
SECTION 6: ROUTINE OPERATION ....................................................................................143
Daily Maintenance................................................................................................................144
Maintaining Reagent Wedges, Allergen Wedges and Bead Packs......................................149
Checking the status of Reagent Wedges and Allergen Wedges .....................................149
Using the Reagent Status Window ..................................................................................150
Replacing Reagent Wedges and Allergen Wedges.........................................................154
Checking the Status of Bead Packs.................................................................................156
Using the Bead Status Window .......................................................................................158
Replacing Bead Packs.....................................................................................................160
Sample Volume and Tube Sizes ..........................................................................................162
Microsampling..................................................................................................................162
Labeling and Loading Sample Tubes ...................................................................................164
Add Controls to the Worklist .................................................................................................166
Running Assays....................................................................................................................168
Using the Consumables Report.......................................................................................169
10. vi 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
Checking the Sample Status ................................................................................................170
Checking the Test Time Remaining .....................................................................................171
Checking the Tests Ordered and Time Remaining...............................................................174
Find Last Tube Location.......................................................................................................175
Viewing the Adjustment Log .................................................................................................176
Viewing Beads and Reagents On Board ..............................................................................178
Viewing Allergens On Board.................................................................................................179
Exporting Data......................................................................................................................180
Saving Files to a CD or DVD ...........................................................................................181
Viewing Results and Sending Data to the LIS......................................................................188
Restarting the System ..........................................................................................................190
SECTION 7: WORKLIST FUNCTIONS AND PROCEDURES...............................................193
Worklist Overview.................................................................................................................194
Adding Patients to a Worklist................................................................................................195
Barcoded Patient Samples ..............................................................................................195
Damaged or Missing Barcodes........................................................................................198
Ordering STATs...............................................................................................................201
Adding Adjustors to the Worklist...........................................................................................202
Adding Controls to a Worklist ...............................................................................................204
Barcoded Controls ...........................................................................................................204
Controls without Barcodes...............................................................................................206
Adding Calibration Verifiers to a Worklist .............................................................................208
Diluting Samples...................................................................................................................210
Diluting Samples Onboard...............................................................................................210
Specifying Manually Diluted Samples..............................................................................212
Checking Kit Components ....................................................................................................214
Test Entry Options................................................................................................................215
Selecting Available Tests.................................................................................................215
Selecting a Panel.............................................................................................................216
Assigning Tests to an Entire Rack...................................................................................217
Assigning a Tube Position ...............................................................................................219
Worklist Management and Display Options..........................................................................220
Displaying a Worklist........................................................................................................220
Printing a Worklist............................................................................................................221
Modifying a Worklist Entry ...............................................................................................221
Deleting a Worklist Entry..................................................................................................222
Saving and Importing a Worklist ......................................................................................223
11. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A vii
SECTION 8: REVIEWING RESULTS ....................................................................................227
Reviewing Results................................................................................................................228
Changing the Default Time ..............................................................................................230
Searching for a Result .....................................................................................................232
SECTION 9: REVIEWING AND SENDING LIS RESULTS....................................................235
Reviewing LIS Results..........................................................................................................236
Sending Results to the LIS ...................................................................................................238
Resending Data ...............................................................................................................238
Clearing LIS Data.............................................................................................................238
SECTION 10: GETTING HELP ................................................................................................241
Help ......................................................................................................................................242
Specifications...................................................................................................................242
Navigation........................................................................................................................242
Menu Options...................................................................................................................243
Context-Sensitivity ...........................................................................................................245
Field-level and Error-level Help........................................................................................246
Locating Routine Procedures...........................................................................................247
Using the Index Feature...................................................................................................248
Using the Search Feature................................................................................................249
SECTION 11: TROUBLESHOOTING ......................................................................................253
Overview...............................................................................................................................254
The Error Report Screen ......................................................................................................255
Viewing the Error/Event Logs ...............................................................................................256
View Event Log................................................................................................................256
Day Error Log...................................................................................................................259
Viewing Instrument Temperatures........................................................................................260
Diagnostic Programs ............................................................................................................261
Initializing Diagnostics......................................................................................................261
Diagnostic Program Descriptions.....................................................................................263
Electrical Power Loss ...........................................................................................................266
Probe Replacement .........................................................................................................266
Waste Chute Clean Out Tool................................................................................................268
Detecting and Correcting Clots.............................................................................................270
Sample Clots....................................................................................................................270
Clinging Clots...................................................................................................................271
Quick Reference Assay Troubleshooting Guide...................................................................274
Sandwich Assays.............................................................................................................274
Competitive Assays .........................................................................................................274
12. viii 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
Pre-Treated Assays .........................................................................................................274
Troubleshooting Controls Post Adjustment......................................................................275
SECTION 12: DATA REDUCTION AND THE CHEMILUMINESCENT REACTION ...............277
Internal Calculations.............................................................................................................278
Master Curve/Two-Point Adjustment....................................................................................279
Calibration Overview........................................................................................................279
Master Curve Generation.................................................................................................279
Two-Point Adjustment......................................................................................................280
Judge Adjustment Validity................................................................................................281
Summary..........................................................................................................................286
Readjustment...................................................................................................................286
Master Cutoff Generation for Qualitative Assays..................................................................287
Measure the Cutoff for an Assay .....................................................................................287
Calculation of Ratios........................................................................................................288
Chemiluminescent Reaction.................................................................................................289
APPENDIX A:SYSTEM SPECIFICATIONS.............................................................................291
Output...................................................................................................................................291
Fluid Usage ..........................................................................................................................291
Computer..............................................................................................................................292
Dilution Volumes...................................................................................................................292
APPENDIX B:PACKAGE CONTENTS ....................................................................................295
APPENDIX C:INSTALLATION PREPARATIONS...................................................................297
Overview - Installation Preparation.......................................................................................297
Choosing a Location.............................................................................................................297
Power Requirements .......................................................................................................297
Space Requirements .......................................................................................................297
Temperature Requirements.............................................................................................297
Water Requirements........................................................................................................298
13. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A ix
APPENDIX D:IMMULITE 2000/2500 CONSUMABLES AND ACCESSORIES ......................299
APPENDIX E: ERROR MESSAGES ........................................................................................303
Error Message Severity and Priority.....................................................................................304
Common Errors and Solutions .............................................................................................305
Flags Associated with Results..............................................................................................306
List of Error Messages..........................................................................................................307
APPENDIX F: OPERATIONAL PRECAUTIONS .....................................................................409
Precautions Table.................................................................................................................409
APPENDIX G:WORKSHEETS .................................................................................................411
Introduction...........................................................................................................................411
IMMULITE 2000/2500 Adjustment Log ................................................................................412
IMMULITE 2000/2500 Daily & Weekly Maintenance Record ...............................................413
IMMULITE 2000/2500 Monthly & Quarterly Maintenance Record .......................................415
APPENDIX H:PRINTED REPORTS.........................................................................................417
Patient Report.......................................................................................................................418
Patient Report (Allergy) ........................................................................................................419
Chartable Patient Report ......................................................................................................420
Control Report ......................................................................................................................421
Patient Review Report..........................................................................................................422
Print "ALL" Worklist...............................................................................................................423
Export Report (Without Allergy))...........................................................................................424
Export Report (With Allergy).................................................................................................425
APPENDIX I: HEPATITIS CONFIRMATORY TESTING .........................................................427
Manual Confirmatory Testing ...............................................................................................428
HBsAg Positive Control....................................................................................................428
Order Hepatitis Confirmatory Tests .................................................................................428
Order Positive Confirmatory Control................................................................................430
Load and Process Manual Confirmatory Samples on the Instrument..............................430
Reviewing Results of Manual Confirmatory Testing ........................................................431
14. x 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
APPENDIX J: ICON GLOSSARY.............................................................................................433
APPENDIX K:MISCELLANEOUS DOCUMENT AND PRODUCT INFORMATION................437
Introduction...........................................................................................................................437
References ...........................................................................................................................437
Limited Warranty ..................................................................................................................440
TABLE OF FIGURES ...............................................................................................................441
INDEX………….........................................................................................................................447
15. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 1
Section 1: Introduction
In this Section
About this Manual.....................................................................................................................2
Conventions.........................................................................................................................2
Control Naming Conventions...............................................................................................3
Figures.................................................................................................................................3
Trademarks..........................................................................................................................3
Product Descriptions ................................................................................................................4
Principles of Operation.........................................................................................................4
Operator Tasks ....................................................................................................................4
Output Specifications...........................................................................................................5
Operating Modes .................................................................................................................6
Pipetting Sequence..............................................................................................................6
System Components............................................................................................................7
Kit Components .................................................................................................................12
Other Test Supplies ...........................................................................................................16
Software Overview .................................................................................................................18
Toolbar...............................................................................................................................18
Menu Bar ...........................................................................................................................20
Contact Information ................................................................................................................23
Technical Service...............................................................................................................23
Placing an Order................................................................................................................23
16. 2 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
About this Manual
The IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual describes the operation of the IMMULITE
2000 and IMMULITE 2500 Instruments and software. This reference guide includes
overviews of the systems, configuration instructions, and operating, maintenance, and
troubleshooting procedures.
Conventions
To improve readability, the following conventions are used:
Item Convention Used
System messages
(on the screen)
Courier font
For example: Kit Adjustment Required
Keyboard keys Bold
For example: Select Enter.
Exact letters or
numbers the operator
must type
Courier font
For example: Type 9600
Names of buttons on
the screen
Bold
For example: Select the WORKLIST button.
Field names Bold
For example: . . . in the Accession # field
Menu options Bold
For example: Choose Configurations from the
drop-down menu
List of items Box-bullet
Equations Courier font
Example: Deviation = .223
17. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 3
Control Naming Conventions
To ensure control data is grouped appropriately for peer group reports and QC alerts, the
following naming conventions are used.
For Bio-Rad controls, use the control name BIOR, followed by the first two digits of the
lot number. The last three digits of the lot number are entered in the lot number field.
For example, Bio-Rad lot 40130 becomes BIOR40 lot 130. The control level is 1, 2,
or 3.
For Siemens Diagnostics controls, use the control name and three-digit lot number
(preceded by a zero as necessary). For example, LRBC lot 0110 becomes LRBC lot
110. The control level is 1, 2, or 3. Likewise, CON6 lot XX becomes CON6 lot 0XX.
The control level is 4, 5, or 6.
For other controls, use the same ordering convention.
Figures
Equipment may vary slightly from the figures shown in this manual. However, unless
otherwise noted, the procedures are the same. A Table of Figures follows Appendix K of
this manual. See the Table of Contents for the exact page number.
Trademarks
Trademarked names may be used throughout this manual. Rather than using a symbol (®
or ™) at every occurrence, we state herein that we are using these names only in an
editorial fashion, to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement.
18. 4 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
Product Descriptions
The IMMULITE 2000 is a continuous random-access Instrument that performs
chemiluminescent immunoassays.
The IMMULITE 2500 system performs chemiluminescent immunoassay testing using
Logic Driven Incubation to provide dynamic resource allocation that optimizes the use of
the Incubators, Wash Stations, and Pipettors.
These Instruments use serum, plasma, and/or urine samples for in vitro diagnostic
testing and work seamlessly with RealTime Solutions and a Sample Management
System (SMS).
The Instruments automate the entire testing procedure and accommodate high volume
testing (generating up to 200 test results per hour).
Primary, secondary, and microsample tubes may be loaded directly on the Instrument.
An LIS (Laboratory Information System) interface is optional.
Principles of Operation
The Instrument uses assay-specific antibody or antigen-coated polystyrene beads as the
solid phase.
A bead is dispensed into a specially designed Reaction Tube, which serves as the vessel for
the incubation, wash, and signal development processes.
After the sample is incubated with an alkaline phosphatase-labeled reagent, the reaction
mixture is separated from the bead by spinning the Reaction Tube at high speed along its
vertical axis. The fluid is transferred to a Coaxial Sump Chamber, which is integral to the
Bead/Tube Wash Station. Four discrete washes occur within seconds, allowing the Reaction
Tubes to be processed sequentially with uniform timing. The bead remains in the Reaction
Tube with no residual unbound label.
The bound label is then quantified using the dioxetane substrate to produce light. Light is
emitted when the chemiluminescent substrate reacts with the alkaline phosphatase label
bound to the bead. The amount of light emitted is proportional to the amount of analyte
originally present in the sample. This light emission is detected by the Photomultiplier Tube
(PMT) and results are calculated for each sample.
Operator Tasks
The procedures performed by the operator when running assays on the Instrument are
outlined below.
1. Perform the Daily Probe Cleaning procedure.
2. Select the RUN IMMULITE 2000 or RUN IMMULITE 2500 button on the startup screen.
3. Check the System Status Indicators and fill or empty the reservoirs.
4. Prime the Sample and Reagent Pipettors, the Water Probe, and the Substrate Probe.
5. Scan any Allergen Wedges on the Reagent Carousel using the Imaging Scanner.
19. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 5
6. Load the Patient Samples, Controls, Adjustors, and Diluents (as necessary) on the
Sample Carousel.
Note: The materials needed to operate the Instrument are included in the IMMULITE
2000 and IMMULITE 2500 Test Kits. Diluents are only included for pre-diluted assays.
7. Associate the accession numbers with the tests ordered via the Worklist screen.
8. Check that a sufficient quantity of Reagent Wedges and matching Bead Packs are
available to process the tests ordered.
9. Select RUN to begin the automated test process.
Automated Test Process
After the operator selects the RUN button, the Instrument processes the tests and generates
the results. A step-by-step description of this process appears below:
1. A single assay-specific bead is dropped into a Reaction Tube.
2. Sample, assay-specific reagent, and water are pipetted onto the bead.
3. The Reaction Tube is moved into the incubation area, where the tube is agitated at 37°C
(98.6°F).
The Reaction Tube is moved into the incubator portion of the Tube Processor, where the
tube is continuously agitated at 37°C (98.6°F)
4. The Reaction Tube is washed.
5. Substrate is added and the chemiluminescent reaction occurs, generating light.
6. The amount of light generated is measured by the Photomultiplier Tube (PMT) and the
test results are calculated and printed.
Output Specifications
The table below shows the output specifications for the IMMULITE 2000 and IMMULITE
2500. For a list of all system specifications, see System Specifications on page 291.
Output Specification Quantity
Throughput Up to 200 tests per hour
Time to first result IMMULITE 2000: 35 minutes
IMMULITE 2500: 15 minutes
Tests per sample Unlimited
20. 6 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
Operating Modes
There are three operating modes: RUN, PAUSE, and STOP.
RUN Mode
When the Instrument is in RUN mode, assays are in progress and the Instrument is
operating.
PAUSE Mode
When the Instrument is in PAUSE mode, the pipettors stop. The processing of any new tests
is temporarily halted; however, tests already on the Instrument continue processing. There
are four different PAUSE modes:
All Pause – stops all loading and pipetting operations, as well as bead and reagent
dispensing. The assays in progress continue to process; however, no new samples are
pipetted.
Reagent Pause – stops the Reagent Carousel, Reagent DRD™, and Reagent Pipettor
so no new reagent is dispensed. Other parts of the Instrument continue processing
assays.
Bead Pause – stops the Bead Carousel so no new beads are dispensed. Other parts of
the Instrument continue processing assays.
Sample Pause – pauses the Sample Carousel, Sample DRD, and Sample Pipettor so no
new sample is dispensed. Other parts of the Instrument continue processing assays.
Sample Pause may be delayed up to 36 seconds while the samples currently being
processed finish processing.
STOP Mode
When the Instrument is in STOP mode, all mechanical movements are stopped and no new
tests are processed. STOP mode is automatically initiated when no new samples have been
processed in the last 20 minutes, as long as the Instrument is not connected to an SMS.
Pipetting Sequence
Sample tubes are processed in the following order, based on priorities built into the software.
1. STAT samples
2. Adjustors
3. Controls
4. Labile (e.g., intact PTH)
5. Patients
6. Verifiers
21. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 7
System Components
The system components are described on the next few pages. Reference the following
figures when reading this table: Overhead Views of the Instruments on page 10 and Front
View of the Instruments on page 12.
Part Description
Bead Carousel A rotating, dehumidified carousel that holds 24 Bead
Packs
The beads are dispensed individually from these test-
specific packs.
Bead Pack Barcode
Reader
Reads barcodes on the Bead Packs in the Bead
Carousel.
Note: The Bead Pack Barcode Reader is not visible in
the figures.
Bead/Tube Wash
Station
Washes and spins the bead after the immune reaction
(to remove any residual unbound reagent and sample)
and adds the Luminogenic Substrate.
Imaging Scanner (or
Hand-held 2D
Scanner)
Reads kit barcodes. Users of allergy kits must have
the Imaging Scanner so Allergen Wedges that are
loaded with Allergen Vials can be scanned.
Note: The Scanner is not visible in the figures.
Photomultiplier Tube
(PMT)
Measures the photon counts.
Note: The PMT is not visible in the figures.
Reaction Tube
Hopper
Gear Driven
Reaction Tube
Hopper
Holds the empty Reaction Tubes
Reagent and
Sample Valves
Mechanism that redirects the flow of liquid used by the
Sample DRD (Dual Resolution Dilutor™) and the
Reagent DRD.
22. 8 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
Part Description
Reagent Carousel A rotating carousel that holds 24 Reagent Wedges or
Allergen Wedges.
Note: To run allergy tests, the Allergen Wedge for the
allergy kit must be on the Reagent Carousel, which
leaves 23 positions for additional wedges.
Reagent Wedges are divided into two or three
compartments, holding up to three reagents. Wedges
are identified by barcodes, which are read by the
Sample/Reagent Barcode Reader.
Allergen Wedges are the wedge-shaped frames that
hold the Allergen Vials used in Allergy testing. An
Allergen Wedge can hold up to six Allergen Vials.
Information about an Allergen Wedge is entered into
the database by scanning the barcodes on the side of
the wedge using the Imaging Scanner. Allergen
Wedges also have a barcode on the edge, similar to a
Reagent Wedge, so the Sample/Reagent Barcode
Reader can identify their position on the Reagent
Carousel.
Note: Since the Reagent Carousel is refrigerated
between 2 – 8°C (35.6 – 46.4°F), Reagent Wedges
can be stored on the Instrument. While it is possible to
store Allergen vials on the Instrument, it is recommend
that they be sealed with a standard cap and stored off
the Instrument if they will not be used for an extended
period of time.
Reagent DRD (Dual
Resolution Dilutor)
Extracts reagent and water and moves the liquid to the
Reagent Pipettor.
Reagent Pipettor Pipettes reagent onto the bead in the Reaction Tube.
Sample Carousel A rotating carousel that holds six removable racks.
Each rack holds up to 15 specimen or diluent tubes of
varying sizes. The barcodes on the tubes are read as
the carousel rotates.
Sample Dilution Well Mixes specified quantities of specimen, diluent, and
water to form a homogenous mixture.
The Sample Probe dispenses the materials into the
well for mixing. After the diluted sample is pipetted into
the Reaction Tube, the Dilution Well Insert is spun at a
high speed, discarding the unused portion of the
diluted sample.
Sample DRD Extracts sample from the sample tube and moves it to
the Sample Pipettor.
23. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 9
Part Description
Sample Pipettor Pipettes sample onto the bead in the Reaction Tube.
Sample/Reagent
Barcode Scanner
Reads barcodes on the tubes in the Sample Carousel
and on the Reagent and Allergen Wedges in the
Reagent Carousel.
Substrate Pump Dispenses 200 µl of substrate from the Substrate
Reservoir into a Reaction Tube.
Tube Processor
Incubators
Device where the immune and luminogenic reactions
are incubated.
Reaction Tubes are continually agitated at 37°C
(98.6°F) during these processes.
Water Pump Accurately dispenses water into a Reaction Tube at
the Bead/Tube Wash Station.
24. 10 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
FIGURE 1: IMMULITE 2000 (OVERHEAD VIEW)
W
S
16
1
2
3
13
8
9
15
14
12
7
654
S = Substrate
W = Water
DRD = Dual Resolution
Diluter
10
11
Number Component Number Component
1 Sample Carousel 9 Bead Carousel Cover
2 Reagent Carousel (Covered) 10 Substrate and Water Pumps*
3 Sample Reagent Barcode
Scanner
11 Substrate Reservoir
4 Sample Pipettor 12 Reagent DRD
5 Reagent Pipettor 13 Sample DRD
6 Bead/Tube Wash Station 14 Sample Valve
7 Tube Processor 15 Reagent Valve
8 Bead Carousel 16 Sample Dilution Well
* S = Substrate, W = Water, DRD = Dual Resolution Diluter
26. 12 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
FIGURE 3: IMMULITE 2000/2500 (FRONT VIEW)
1
2
3
6
8
7
LIQUIDW ASTE
14
13
12
4
5
10
91115
DISTILLEDW ATER
Number Component Number Component
1 Sample Carousel 9 Reaction Tube Hopper
2 Reagent Carousel (Covered) 10 Liquid Waste
3 Pipettors 11 Probe Wash
4 DRD Priming Accessories 12 Distilled Water
5 Substrate Reservoir 13 Solid Waste
6 Bead Carousel 14 Printer
7 CD/DVD Drive 15 Power Switch
8 Floppy Drive
Kit Components
Test Kits include the materials needed to run assays. The components in a kit are listed and
described below:
Adjustor Antibody (for allergy kits only)
Adjustors
27. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 13
Barcode Labels for Adjustor tubes
Bead Packs
Control Antibody (for allergy kits only)
Controls (for certain kits, including allergy kits)
Diluents (for assays requiring a pre-dilution)
Kit Barcode
Package Insert
Reagent Wedges
Important Notices
Reagent Wedge
A barcoded Reagent Wedge contains an assay-specific enzyme conjugate. The reagent is
pipetted into the Reaction Tube. The Reagent Wedges in allergy kits contain an anti-
immunoglobulin reagent used for allergy tests with all allergens. In the software and
documentation, this reagent is referred to as universal reagent, e.g., IgE or SPE. A Reagent
Wedge is shown below.
FIGURE 4: REAGENT WEDGE
Lot L2T4 A2 107
Exp. OCT 31 06
BSZ
TSH
FIGURE 5: REAGENT WEDGE COMPARTMENTS
C B A
28. 14 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
Bead Packs
A Bead Pack contains the assay-specific beads. A single bead is dropped into a Reaction
Tube. A sample Bead Pack is shown below:
FIGURE 6: BEAD PACK
Adjustors
Each kit contains one or two Adjustors. Kits with two Adjustors have a LOW and a HIGH
Adjustor, which contain different concentrations of analyte. The Adjustor can be in either
liquid or lyophilized form.
Note: For more information regarding the Adjustors, see the package insert.
Adjustor Barcode Labels
Each kit contains adjustor barcode labels to be placed on test tubes. The label identifies the
tube as an Adjustor for that particular test.
Controls (QC)
Controls are run to determine if adjustments are valid. They can also be used to verify if the
reagent and beads are viable. Some kits, such as infectious disease or allergy kits, require
specialized controls that are included in those kits. Controls are available separately for other
assays.
29. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 15
Adjustor Antibody
Allergy kits include an Adjustor Antibody. The Adjustor Antibody must be loaded in an
Allergen Wedge and placed on the Instrument when the adjustors for an allergy kit are run.
An Adjustor Antibody vial contains 40 tests. Each Adjustor Antibody vial has a
corresponding 2D barcode that contains lot-specific information about the Adjustor Antibody.
The 2D barcode must be scanned before the Adjustor Antibody vial is loaded into an
Allergen Wedge.
Control Antibody
Allergy kits include a Control Antibody. The Control Antibody must be loaded in an Allergen
Wedge and placed on the Instrument when running controls on allergy tests. A Control
Antibody vial contains 40 tests. Each Control Antibody vial has a corresponding 2D barcode
that contains lot-specific information about the Control Antibody. The 2D barcode must be
scanned before the Control Antibody vial is loaded into an Allergen Wedge.
Kit Barcode
The 2D Kit Barcode (shown below) is located on the box flap inside the kit. Information
specific to the Kit Lot is included in the barcode and must be entered the first time a Kit Lot is
used. See Entering a Kit and Adjusting an Assay on page 102 for more information. A
sample kit barcode is shown below:
FIGURE 7: 2D KIT BARCODE
Package Insert
The package insert contains specific information regarding the assay. Be sure to read the
package insert before using a new kit.
Important Notices
Important Notices contain information regarding usage of the assay kit components. A
sticker on the outside of the kit package alerts the user that an Important Notice is enclosed.
30. 16 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
Other Test Supplies
Other test supplies needed to run the Instrument include:
Chemiluminescent Substrate
Probe Wash
Diluents
Allergens (for allergy tests only)
Allergen Wedge (for allergy tests only)
Note: These supplies are not included in the kit.
Chemiluminescent Substrate Module
The Chemiluminescent Substrate Module includes two bottles of Chemiluminescent
Substrate. Store the substrate between 2 and 8°C (35.6 and 46.4°F).
Note: Each bottle of Chemiluminescent Substrate contains enough material for 1000 tests.
This is the maximum amount of substrate that should be in the substrate reservoir at any
time. Filling beyond the 1000 test mark may cause substrate to enter the CO2 scrubber and
cause blockage. See Fluid Usage on page 291 for more information about consumable
volumes.
CAUTION: Immediately clean up any substrate spills using moistened tissues. Spilled
substrate may cause the load scale to stick and the Substrate Status Indicator to appear full
when the Substrate Reservoir is empty. This could affect results since insufficient substrate
may be dispensed causing incorrect patient or control results to be generated.
Probe Wash Module
The Probe Wash Module contains two bottles of Probe Wash Concentrate, which should be
stored at room temperature. Each 200 mL bottle must be diluted with 1800 mL of
distilled/de-ionized water before it is used.
Diluent Module
Diluent tubes may be barcoded for Instrument identification and used for the on-board
dilution of patient samples with analyte concentrations above the calibration range. The
diluent is packaged in bulk bottles, along with barcoded labels that are used with 16 x 100
tubes.
31. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 17
Allergens
To test patient samples for an allergy, a vial containing the appropriate allergen must be
placed in an Allergen Wedge on the Reagent Carousel. Vials that contain several allergens
are used to test samples for a broader range of allergic reactions. Allergen Vials contain 20
or 40 tests, based on the allergen type. Each Allergen Vial has a 2D barcode that must be
scanned like the 2D barcodes from an assay kit.
Allergen Wedges
Allergen Wedges are the wedge-shaped frames that hold the Allergen Vials used in Allergy
testing. An Allergen Wedge can hold up to six Allergen Vials. Information about the
contents of an Allergen Wedge is entered into the database when the wedge and vial
barcodes are scanned with the Imaging Scanner. Allergen Wedges also have a barcode on
the edge, like a Reagent Wedge, so their position on the Reagent Carousel can be identified
by the Sample/Reagent Barcode Reader.
32. 18 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
Software Overview
The software provides tools to direct instrument operations and manage data. The software
also informs the operator of system conditions and provides answers to operator questions.
Note: The computer supplied with the Instrument was designed to run the included software.
The installation of third-party software programs may adversely affect the proper operation of
the Instrument software and/or system. See the Limited Warranty on page 440 for more
information.
Certain screens appear automatically at the appropriate time, while others can be accessed
from either the toolbar or the menu bar. The figure below shows both the toolbar (the
buttons along the top and right side) and the menu bar (the items listed on the upper left,
above the toolbar).
FIGURE 8: HOME SCREEN (TOOLBAR AND MENU BAR)
Toolbar
The toolbar provides quick access to commands or screens used in routine Instrument
operation.
The command buttons on the horizontal portion of the toolbar provide tools for data
management.
The buttons on the vertical portion of the toolbar directly affect Instrument operations. This is
called the Control Bar. Notice the Status Indicators under the control bar. The indicators
show the Instrument fill-levels for water, probe wash, substrate, the Tube Hopper, and liquid
and solid waste.
33. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 19
Use the trackball or your finger to select a button on the toolbar.
Note: The operator may touch the screen with either a bare or gloved hand or with an
eraser. Fingernails and pens cannot be used.
The table below provides description of the horizontal toolbar buttons:
Command Function
HOME Returns to the Home screen.
Note: The Home screen is used to check the status of the
Reagent Wedges and Bead Packs currently on-board the
Instrument. Select Reagents or Beads to view the
information.
WORKLIST Provides access to the Worklist screen, allowing the
operator to create or modify a worklist. The Worklist directs
the Instrument regarding the test orders to perform for each
patient, Adjustor, control, or calibration verifier sample. See
Worklist Functions and Procedures on page 193 for
more information.)
REVIEW Used to review test results. For more information, see
Reviewing Results on page 227.
KITS Used to review kit information.
LIS Used to review data received from (or being sent to) the
Laboratory Information System (LIS).
When the system is configured to send data manually to
the LIS, results are tagged (for sending) from this screen.
QC Used to enter control identification information, to specify
whether to use the control results for quality control
tracking, and to view control results in graphical format.
REPORTS Used to print or configure reports.
GUIDANCE Disabled at this time.
HELP Accesses Help.
LOG OFF Initiates a system back-up and ends the working session.
The table below provides a brief description of the vertical, control bar buttons:
Command Function
RUN Starts the Instrument processing.
PAUSE Stops the pipettors from processing any new tests, but
allows it to continue to process tests which are already on
the Instrument.
34. 20 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
Command Function
STOP Stops the Instrument from processing. All mechanical
movements are stopped, completed tests are saved, and
tests in progress are terminated.
PRIME Primes the pipettors to remove air from the fluidic lines.
COVER Releases the lock on the Main Cover so it can be opened.
Menu Bar
The menu bar is located directly above the toolbar.
The menu bar provides another means of accessing screens (besides the toolbar buttons).
Additional functions (e.g., exporting data, viewing temperatures) are accessed from the
menu bar.
To view the drop-down menu and select a command, use the trackball to select on a menu
item, move the cursor down the drop-down menu to the desired command, and click the
trackball button.
The table below provides a brief description of the menu bar items:
Menu/Submenu Items Description
File:
Exit Provides another means to log off the system.
Screens:
Home Returns to the Home screen.
Worklist Accesses the Worklist screen, allowing the operator to
create or modify a worklist. See Worklist Functions
and Procedures on page 193 for more information.
Review Accesses the Review screen. See Reviewing Results
on page 227 for more information.
Kits Accesses the Kits screen. See Entering a Kit on page
98 for more information.
LIS Accesses the LIS screen. See Reviewing and
Sending LIS Results on page 235 for more
information.
QC Accesses the Control Entry screen or a graph for
reviewing control data. See Entering Control
Information and Reviewing Control Data on page
119 for more information.
Reports Used to print or configure reports.
35. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 21
Menu/Submenu Items Description
Confirm HBS Accesses the HBS Confirmatory Test Entry screen. See
Hepatitis Confirmatory Testing on page 427 for more
information.
Tools:
Formfeed The system waits to print patient results until it has
enough data for a full page. A partial page of patient
results will print if no results are posted after 30
minutes. Formfeed causes the system to print all the
data in the print buffer.
Note: When Formfeed appears in black, results are
available for printing. Select Formfeed to print these
results.
Export Data Accesses the Export Data screen, which is used to
export data to a file, the screen, or the printer. See
Exporting Data on page 180 for more information.
Show Sample Tubes in
Racks
Accesses a screen that shows color-coded tubes on the
Sample Carousel. See Checking the Sample Status
on page 170 for more information.
View Temperatures Accesses the Temperature screen, which is used to
view the Instrument temperature and humidity levels.
See Viewing Instrument Temperatures on page 260
for more information.
View Day Error Log Accesses the Daily Error Log. See Day Error Log on
page 259 for more information.
View Debug Form This screen is used by Siemens Diagnostics only.
View Beads Reagents
on Board
Accesses details regarding the Beads and Reagents
on-board the Instrument. See Viewing Beads and
Reagents On Board on page 178 for more information.
View Allergens On
Board
Use this command to open the Allergens On Board
window to view information about allergens on-board
the Instrument. See Viewing Allergens On Board on
page 179 for more information.
View Adjustment Log Accesses an Adjustment Log showing the Adjustment
history. See Viewing the Adjustment Log on page
176 for more information.
Find Last Tube Location Allows the user to determine the rack and position
where a specified tube was last located. This feature is
available for barcoded patient samples only. See Find
Last Tube Location on page 175 for more information.
36. 22 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
Configurations:
Configure Accesses screens used to configure Instrument settings
including Display Options Automatic Dilutions,
Instrument Identification, LIS and Configuration Settings
screens. See Configuring the System on page 26 for
more information.
Test Ranges Used to specify reference ranges. See Test Ranges on
page 41 for more information.
Allergen Ranges The Allergen Ranges window displays the ranges of
Immunoglobulin concentrations for allergic reactions.
See Allergen Ranges on page 42 for more information.
Reflexive Tests Used to specify the test to perform when a result is
outside a specified range. See Reflexive Tests on
page 43 for more information.
Panels Used to create or change a panel. See Panel
Configuration on page 50 for more information.
Units Used to change the default units for a specific test. See
Units Configuration on page 56 for more information.
Hide Names:
Hide Names Used to hide patient names on the following screens:
Export data (Onscreen, printed, and text)
Review
LIS
Worklist
Logoff:
Logoff Used to log off the system.
Help:
Run Help Accesses the Help Main Menu. See Getting Help on
page 241 for more information.
About Displays the software version, a general statement
regarding the Instrument software, and the
EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN button.
37. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 23
Contact Information
Siemens Diagnostics is headquartered in Tarrytown, NY and Los Angeles, CA.
Siemens Medical Solutions Diagnostics
511 Benedict Avenue
Tarrytown, NY 10591-5097
U.S.A.
Siemens Medical Solutions Diagnostics
5210 Pacific Concourse Drive
Los Angeles, CA 90045-6900
U.S.A.
Note: To receive technical support, or to place an order, use the appropriate number listed
below.
Technical Service
For technical questions, call Siemens Diagnostics Technical Service at the telephone
number below:
Domestic Customers
Tel: 1-800-372-1782
Fax: 1-866-466-8548
International Customers
Tel: 1-973-927-2828
Fax: 1-973-927-4101
Note: Those outside the United States should contact a National Distributor for technical
assistance.
Placing an Order
To place an order call Siemens Diagnostics or a distributor.
Tel: 1-800-372-1782 (Domestic customers only)
Fax: 1-310-645-9999
Note: Those outside the United States should contact a National Distributor to place an
order.
38.
39. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 25
Section 2: Configuring and Updating the System
In this Section
Configuring the System ..........................................................................................................26
Display Options..................................................................................................................26
Auto Dilutions.....................................................................................................................27
ID Information ....................................................................................................................30
Configuration Settings........................................................................................................30
LIS......................................................................................................................................34
DPC Configuration.............................................................................................................37
DPC Load Scale ................................................................................................................38
Instrument Mode................................................................................................................38
Reset Load Scale...............................................................................................................39
Test Ranges.......................................................................................................................41
Allergen Ranges ................................................................................................................42
Reflexive Tests ..................................................................................................................43
Panel Configuration ...........................................................................................................50
Units Configuration ............................................................................................................56
Reports ..............................................................................................................................57
Changing Windows Settings...................................................................................................65
Resetting the Date and Time .............................................................................................65
Changing the Sound ..........................................................................................................67
Updating the System ..............................................................................................................67
40. 26 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
Configuring the System
The system must be configured upon receipt of the Instrument.
Display Options
The Display Options screen allows the operator to specify how text, numbers, times, and
dates are displayed. Follow the instructions below to configure this screen.
Note: The Instrument must be in Stop mode to make changes to this screen. Log off, and
log on again, to make the Display Options changes effective.
1. From the drop-down menu bar, select Configurations followed by Configure.
2. If necessary, select the Display Options button.
FIGURE 9: DISPLAY OPTIONS SCREEN
3. In the Time Format box, either:
Select 12 Hour to display time using am and pm.
Or
Select 24 Hour to display time in a 24-hour format.
4. In the Date Format box, select a format for displaying the date.
Select MM/DD/YYYY, DD/MM/YYYY, or YYYY/MM/DD.
5. In the Number Format box, either:
41. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 27
Select 1,234.56 to display one thousand, two hundred thirty-four and fifty-six one
hundredth as 1,234.56.
Or
Select 1.234,56 to display one thousand, two hundred thirty-four and fifty-six one
hundredth as 1.234,56.
6. Select the desired Language.
7. Select the Use barcode rack identifier option to display the sample’s location on the
Instrument by the rack letter. Leaving this option blank causes the sample’s location to
display by position. (Position 1 on the carousel shows as Position A on the rack).
Note: This option must be selected to use the Find Last Tube Position feature.
8. Select the Hide Names option to hide patient names on the data review screens.
Leaving this option blank causes patient names to display on the data review screens.
9. Number of Characters To Trim From Left (or Right) of Accession Number. When
the Instrument is connected to an LIS, a letter (or letters) identifying the laboratory may
be part of the accession number. To remove this letter (or letters), type the desired
number of characters to trim from either the left or right side of the accession number in
the appropriate field at the bottom of the screen.
10. Select the Save button to save these settings.
Note: If further changes are planned for the ID Information, Configuration Settings, or LIS
screens, skip this step and select Save when all changes have been made. Access the
desired screen by selecting the corresponding button on the left side of the screen.
Auto Dilutions
The Auto Dilutions screen is used to specify the automatic dilution factor for out-of-assay-
range samples. Specify dilution factors for each test according to the instructions below.
Note: The Dilution Volumes Specification Table on page 292 shows the amount of
sample, water, and diluent used for on-board dilutions.
1. From the drop-down menu bar, select Configurations followed by Configure.
2. Select the Auto Dilutions button.
42. 28 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
The Auto Dilutions screen appears.
FIGURE 10: AUTO DILUTIONS SCREEN
3. Select the Test Name field.
A list of the test codes for all the tests in the system appears.
FIGURE 11: AUTO DILUTIONS SCREEN (SHOWING THE TEST SELECTION LIST)
4. Select a test.
The test appears in the Test Name field and the dilution factors appear.
43. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 29
Note: Tests only appear if the new Kit was entered using the 2D or Imaging Scanner.
FIGURE 12: AUTO DILUTIONS SCREEN (SHOWING THE DILUTION FACTOR BUTTONS)
5. Select the 5, 10, 20, 40, or 100 button to generate automatically a 5X, 10X, 20X, 40X, or
100X dilution of the sample.
CAUTION: Do not type any value in the Dilution Factor field. Instead, select a dilution
from the list. Only those dilution factors listed are supported.
FIGURE 13: AUTO DILUTIONS SCREEN (WITH ALL FIELDS COMPLETED)
6. Select the Save button under the Dilution Factor field.
44. 30 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
Note: Samples that require a dilution factor other than those programmed for on-board
dilutions may have a manual dilution factor applied to them. When a manual dilution factor is
applied to a sample, all tests ordered on that sample are multiplied by that dilution factor.
ID Information
The ID Information screen is used to enter customer information. The hospital or laboratory
name appears on patient and adjustment reports. Follow the instructions below to enter this
information.
1. From the drop-down menu bar, select Configurations followed by Configure.
2. Select the ID Information button.
The ID Information screen appears.
FIGURE 14: ID INFORMATION SCREEN
3. In the Customer Name field, type the hospital or laboratory name. (This name will
appear on Adjustment and Patient Reports.)
4. Type the Instrument serial number in the Instrument ID field.
5. Select the Save button.
Configuration Settings
The Configuration Settings screen is used to specify system settings that affect how the
Instrument operates in relation to testing and reporting. Follow the instructions below to
configure this screen.
1. From the drop-down menu bar, select Configurations followed by Configure.
2. Select the Configuration Settings button.
45. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 31
The Configuration Settings screen appears.
FIGURE 15: CONFIGURATION SETTINGS SCREEN
3. Select the desired options according to the table below:
Option Description
Default Sample
Tube Type
The tube type normally used can be selected.
Primary tube – Blood collection tube in which
the serum is separated from the blood cells
by a gel barrier. Selecting this configuration
causes the probe to stop before penetrating
the gel barrier. Refer to the Primary Tube
Sample Guide (Part Number 901835) sent
with the Instrument for more information.
Secondary tube – Sample tube in which the
serum is aliquotted to a different tube.
Selecting this configuration causes the probe
to move further into the tube before aspirating
the sample.
Note: Any changes to the Default Sample
Tube Type setting must be made before
samples are placed on the system.
Otherwise, it is necessary to log off the
software and delete the worklist after
changing the Default Sample Tube Type.
46. 32 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
Option Description
Automatically Print
the Following
Reports
Choose which report type(s) are to be printed
automatically when results are completed.
Place an X in the box to select the report(s) to
be printed. All reports, individual report(s), or
no reports can be chosen. See Printed
Reports on page 417 for sample printed
reports.
Note: Controls must be selected. Otherwise,
QC results will not be evaluated against the
selected QC rules or ranges. Further, patient
results may not be sent to the LIS.
Results Statistics Mean – Displays the mean of the replicates
on the Review screen and on the report
printout.
CV – Displays the % CV of the replicates on
the Review screen and on the report printout.
Testing Options Reflexive Testing – The system will
automatically perform another test if the result
from the first test falls outside, or within, a
specified range. This option must be selected
to activate reflexive testing. See Reflexive
Tests on page 43 for more information.
Auto Dilution – Automatically dilutes out-of-
assay-range samples. This option must be
chosen to activate Auto Dilution.
Note: Dilution instructions are entered via
the Auto Dilutions window. See Auto
Dilutions on page 27 for more information.
Low Test Flag Designates when a warning message will appear
on the Bead or Reagent Status screens based on
the number of tests remaining in a Bead Pack or
a Reagent Wedge. For example, if 10 is entered
in this field, a warning appears when a Bead
Pack or Reagent Wedge has sufficient volume for
only nine more tests. Applies to all Bead Packs
and Reagent Wedges on board. See Flags
Associated with Results on page 306 for more
information on flags.
47. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 33
Option Description
Large Allergen Low
Test Flag
Designates when a warning message will appear
in the Reagent Status window based on the
number of tests remaining in a 40-test Allergen
Vial. For example, if 10 is entered in this field, a
warning appears when an Allergen Vial has
sufficient volume for only nine more tests. See
Flags Associated with Results on page 306 for
more information on flags.
Small Allergen Low
Test Flag
Designates when a warning message will appear
in the Reagent Status window based on the
number of tests remaining in a 20-test Allergen
Vial. For example, if 2 is entered in this field, a
warning appears when an Allergen Vial has
sufficient volume for only one more test. See
Flags Associated with Results on page 306 for
more information on flags.
Allergen
Reagent(s) in use
Displays scanned allergy kits. Multiple kits can be
selected.
Note: Selected reagents are displayed by
default in the Available Tests window.
Allergen Results
and Scoring Type
The selections made in this field determine how
the results of allergy tests are reported when they
are displayed on the screen and printed.
Concentration – If this selection is marked,
the antibody concentration in patient samples
will be included in the results for allergy tests.
Standard Class – If this selection is marked,
allergy test results will be based on Standard
Class scoring criteria.
Extended Class – If this selection is marked,
allergy test results will be based on Extended
Class scoring criteria.
Report Qualitative
Infectious Disease
Assay Results
Qualitative Only – Infectious Disease results
will be reported as either Reactive, Non-
Reactive, or Indeterminate.
Qualitative and Ratio – Infectious Disease
results will be reported as a ratio, and as
either Reactive, Non-Reactive, or
Indeterminate.
4. Select the Save button to save these settings.
48. 34 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
LIS
The LIS Configuration window is used to configure the system to communicate with the LIS.
Follow these instructions to enter LIS information in the software.
1. From the drop-down menu bar, select Configurations followed by Configure.
2. Select the LIS button.
The LIS Configuration view of the screen is displayed.
FIGURE 16: LIS CONFIGURATION VIEW OF THE DISPLAY OPTIONS SCREEN
3. In the LIS Host Query Mode box, select the type of interface used for communication
between the Instrument and the LIS.
None
Uni-Directional
Bi-Directional
Bi-Directional Query
Note: If Bi-Directional Query is selected, the Query Control and Re-Query Patients
fields are enabled.
4. In the LIS Allergen Results and Scoring Type box, choose the allergy test result
information that should be transmitted to the LIS. Antibody concentration, as well as
standard and extended class scoring may be transmitted.
Note: For allergy tests, concentration information is always sent to the LIS.
5. Enter the appropriate information in the fields on the left side of the window based upon
the explanations in the following table.
49. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 35
Field Description
Password The LIS Password.
Note: Contact your LIS provider for this information.
Receiver ID A name identifying the LIS.
Note: Contact your LIS provider for this information.
Sender ID A name identifying the Instrument.
Note: Contact your LIS provider for this information.
Baud Rate The baud rate (line transmission speed) provided by
the LIS.
Note: Acceptable entries include 1200, 2400, 4800,
or 9600 (or 115200 when connected to the SMS).
COM
Parameters
An alphanumeric character identifying the Parity,
Bits, and Stop Bits.
Serial Port The serial port number for the LIS connection.
Diagnostics The value should be left at 0.
6. Mark the appropriate selections in the window based upon the explanations in the
following table:
Field Description
Hide Sent Hides results previously sent to the LIS.
Auto Send
Patient
Results
Automatically sends patient results to the LIS.
Results associated with an overdue adjustment,
failed control, review range failure, error, and N/A
results are not sent. When this option is selected, the
Send button on the LIS screen changes to the Auto
Send button.
Auto-Send
Invalid
Adjustment
Allows results associated with an overdue kit
adjustment to be sent to the LIS.
Auto-Send
Invalid
Control
Allows results associated with an out-of-range control
to be automatically sent to the LIS.
Note: Control results are evaluated based on the
type of QC rule selected (e.g., Single Rule, Multi
Rule)
Auto-Send
Invalid Range
Allows results that are out-of-review range to be
automatically sent to the LIS.
50. 36 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
Field Description
Auto Send
Control
Results
Automatically sends control results to the LIS.
Display
Controls on
LIS Screen
Displays control results on the LIS Data Management
screen. Control results are not displayed on the LIS
Data Management screen unless configured to do
so.
Query
Controls
Provides another method of sending QC orders from
the LIS to the Instrument.
Note: If the Query Controls checkbox is selected,
the Re-Query Controls field is enabled.
Re-Query
Patients
(Bi-directional Query must be selected)
Allows the LIS to be re-queried when patient tube
barcodes are re-read on the Sample Carousel,
allowing test requests to be re-sent.
A dropdown list allows one of the following functions
to be performed on the LIS:
No Requery
All Orders
New Orders only
Note: LIS system must be able to support re-query
function. Check with your LIS provider.
Re-Query
Controls
(Bi-directional Query must be selected)
Allows the LIS to be re-queried when controls are re-
read on the Sample Carousel, allowing test requests
to be re-sent.
A dropdown list allows one of the following functions
to be performed on the LIS:
No Requery
All Orders
New Orders only
Note: LIS system must be able to support re-query
function. Check with your LIS provider.
Report
Qualitative
Assay
Results
Send to the LIS as: Choose how results of
Qualitative Infectious
disease are to be sent to
the LIS. Results can be
sent as either:
Qualitative Only
Ratio Only
51. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 37
Field Description
Displayed on the LIS
Screen as:
Choose how results will
be displayed on the
Instrument LIS screen.
Results can be displayed
as either:
Qualitative Only
Qualitative and Ratio
Sent aHB and BcM to the
LIS as:
Choose how aHB and
BcM results are sent to
the LIS. Results can be
sent as either:
Qualitative Only
Concentration Only
Display aHB and BcM on
the LIS screen as:
Choose how aHB and
BcM results are
displayed on the
Instrument LIS screen.
Results can be displayed
as either:
Qualitative Only
Qualitative and
Concentration
7. Select the Save button to save these settings.
Note: To put the changes entered in the Configuration window into effect, select the Log
Off button and exit the software, then restart the software.
DPC Configuration
The DPC Configuration screen is a password-protected screen used by authorized
personnel to change the default mode for sample processing. Contact Technical Service to
request a processing mode change.
Assays are assigned a priority with regard to the stability of the analyte in the patient sample.
The priority number is contained in the kit barcode and is transferred to the database when
the kit is scanned.
IMMULITE 2000 and IMMULITE 2500 Processing Modes
Random Access (default)
Batch
User Entered Order
Note: The order in which samples are processed will vary, depending on the mode selected.
52. 38 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
Random Access
The Instrument pipettes patients in the most efficient order.
Batch
The Instrument pipettes patients in alphabetical order by test code, going from sample to
sample.
User Entered Order
Tests are processed in the order in which they were entered on the Worklist.
DPC Load Scale
The DPC Load Scale screen is a password-protected screen used by authorized personnel.
Contact Technical Service to request a processing mode change.
FIGURE 17: PASSWORD PROTECTED SCREEN
Instrument Mode
The Instrument Mode screen is a password-protected screen used by Siemens Diagnostics
personnel. Contact Technical Service to request a processing mode change.
FIGURE 18: PASSWORD PROTECTED SCREEN
53. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 39
Reset Load Scale
The Reset Load Scale feature is used to reset the load scale that monitors the levels of liquid
and solid waste, water, probe wash, and substrate. If there is a discrepancy between the
consumable indicator on the HOME screen and the actual volume available, the load scales
may be reset.
1. Place the Instrument in STOP mode.
2. From the drop-down menu bar, select Configurations followed by Configure.
3. Select the Reset Load Scale button.
The Reset Load Scale screen appears.
FIGURE 19: RESET LOAD SCALE SCREEN
4. Select the Load Scale to be reset, using the Previous or Next arrows.
The Name field changes accordingly with all associated data.
5. Once the appropriate Load Scale is chosen, select the Reset Scale button.
A Reset Load Scale message appears describing the specific container to be removed.
FIGURE 20: RESET LOAD SCALE MESSAGE
6. Remove the container from the appropriate Load Scale, and select OK.
54. 40 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
The Reset Load Scale message appears.
FIGURE 21: RESET LOAD SCALE MESSAGE
7. Select OK.
The Load Scale starts resetting.
FIGURE 22: RESETTING THE LOAD SCALE
The Reset Load Scale confirmation message appears.
FIGURE 23: RESET LOAD SCALE CONFIRMATION MESSAGE
8. Place the container back on the Load Scale, and select OK.
55. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 41
To reset a different container, repeat steps five to nine, or select Cancel to return to
the HOME screen.
Note: If the Instrument is not in STOP mode, a reminder message appears.
Test Ranges
The Test Ranges screen is used to specify the reference ranges for test results that display
in the Patient Review window and print on the chartable patient report. Follow the
instructions below to specify reference ranges.
Note: Test ranges do not apply to allergens. Allergen ranges can be set up in the Allergen
Ranges window. See Allergen Ranges on page 42 for more information.
1. From the menu bar, select Configurations followed by Test Ranges.
The Test Ranges window appears.
FIGURE 24: TEST RANGES WINDOW
2. Choose a test from the Test Name list.
The ranges for the chosen test appear in the range fields. The units of the range values
appear at the right side of the window.
3. For the Normal range, enter the Low and High limits in the appropriate fields.
4. In the Range 2 through Range 7 fields, enter the additional ranges to be displayed in the
Patient Review window.
5. If the system is configured to send results to the LIS automatically, Low and High values
may be entered in the Review Range fields.
If a result is outside of the Review Range, it will not be sent to the LIS.
If the high and low values of Range 1 (Normal) are within the high and low values of the
Review Range, patient results that are outside of Range 1 (Normal) will not be flagged.
Refer to the example below:
56. 42 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
Normal Range = 0.4 to 4.0
Review Range = 0.2 to 6.0
Result = 5.0
Since the result is within the Review Range, it would not be flagged even though it is
higher than the Normal Range.
Note: To determine whether the system is configured to send results automatically to
the LIS, see LIS on page 34.
6. Select the Save button.
Allergen Ranges
The Allergen Ranges window displays the ranges of Immunoglobulin concentrations for
allergic reactions. This window may be used to specify the concentration for a class 0/I
reaction. The concentration for both standard and extended scoring may be entered. The
other ranges displayed in this window cannot be changed. They are entered when the kit’s
2D barcode is scanned. The ranges in this window appear for allergy tests in the Patient
Review screen and on reports. Follow the instructions below to specify the Class 0/I
reference ranges for allergy tests.
1. Choose Allergen Ranges from the Configurations menu.
The Allergen Ranges window appears.
FIGURE 25: ALLERGEN RANGES WINDOW
2. In the Test Name list, choose the allergy kit for which to enter the Class 0/I reference
range. Default reference ranges for the kit chosen appear in the Class fields. The units
for the range values appear at the right side of the window.
57. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 43
The classes of allergic reactions are listed on the left side of the window. The class
names are aligned between the fields that contain their range values. For example, the
first field in the Standard column contains a 0. The field beneath it could contain .20.
Class 0 is the name next to these two fields. Therefore, in the Patient Review screen and
on reports, a Standard Class 0 result would be displayed for antibody concentrations of 0
to 0.20 IU/mL.
3. Enter the reference range values in the Class 0/I Cutoff fields. Values may be entered
for Standard and Extended scoring.
4. Select the Save button.
Reflexive Tests
Follow the instructions below to specify tests to run automatically if a result is either below,
within, or above a specified range.
Note: Reflexive testing cannot be performed on a manually diluted sample.
Activating Reflexive Testing
Follow these instructions to activate reflexive testing.
1. From the drop-down menu bar, select Configurations followed by Configure.
2. Select the Configuration Settings button.
The Configuration Settings screen appears.
FIGURE 26: CONFIGURATION SETTINGS SCREEN
3. Select the Reflexive Testing option in the Testing Options box.
4. Select the Save button to save these changes.
58. 44 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
Setting Up Reflexive Testing
Follow these instructions to set up reflexive testing for assays or allergens.
1. If necessary, activate reflexive testing. See Activating Reflexive Testing on page 43 for
more information.
2. From the Configurations menu, select Reflexive Tests. The Reflexive Testing
Configuration screen appears.
FIGURE 27: REFLEXIVE TESTING CONFIGURATION SCREEN
3. Select a Principle Test Selection. This selection determines what tests display in the
Principle Test field. The following options are available:
Principle Test Selection Description
Immunoassay – All Available All assays scanned into system
Immunoassay – Configured for
Reflex
Assays configured for Reflexive Testing
Allergy – All Available All allergens and universal reagents
scanned into the system
Allergy – Configured for Reflex Allergens/universal reagent
combinations configured for Reflexive
Testing
4. Select a Principle Test and Universal Reagent (if applicable).
5. Select a type of New Range.
59. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 45
Notes:
• Only one Below range and one Above range can be configured per assay, or
allergen and universal reagent combination. The Below and Above ranges cannot
overlap.
• Unlimited Within ranges can be configured if the values do not overlap with the
Below and Above ranges.
• The New Range options for qualitative assays are Non Reactive, Indeterminate,
and Reactive. Only one of each may be added.
6. Select the Add Range button. The following screen appears:
FIGURE 28: REFLEXIVE TESTING RANGE SCREEN
7. Enter the Reflex Range value(s) based on the type of range that was chosen in step 5.
Note: The Reflex Range field is not available for qualitative assays. Proceed to step 8.
8. Select the IMMUNOASSAY or ALLERGY button in the TEST CATEGORIES box. If
ALLERGY is selected, select the appropriate Universal Reagents.
9. Select the buttons that correspond to the individual reflexive tests for this range (up to 15
tests per reflexive range). If necessary, use the Next Page and Previous Page buttons
to locate additional tests.
Note: The Do Not Autosend option will be enabled if a reflexive test matching the
principle test is selected. Select the Do Not Autosend option to prevent the results of the
principle test and the matching reflexive test from being sent to the LIS. For example, if
HCG reflexes to HCG and TSH and Do Not Autosend is selected, only the TSH result
will be sent to the LIS.
10. To add a dilution for a reflexive test:
Select a test under the Tests Selected heading.
Select the DILUTION button. The Dilution Factor window appears.
Select the dilution factor.
60. 46 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
11. Select the Save button after selecting all of the necessary reflexive tests. The Reflexive
Testing Configuration screen appears showing the Current Ranges for the test.
FIGURE 29: REFLEXIVE TESTING CONFIGURATION SCREEN WITH CURRENT RANGES
12. Repeat steps 5 though 11 to configure additional ranges for a Principle Test, or steps 2
through 11 to order reflex tests for a different assay or allergen.
13. To print the contents of the Current Ranges box, select the Print button.
14. Select the Close button to close the Reflexive Testing Configuration screen.
Editing Reflexive Testing Configurations
Follow these instructions to edit existing reflexive testing configurations.
1. From the Configurations menu, select Reflexive Testing. The Reflexive Testing
Configuration screen appears.
61. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 47
FIGURE 30: REFLEXIVE TESTING CONFIGURATION SCREEN
2. Select Immunoassay - Configured for Reflex or Allergy - Configured for Reflex.
3. Select a Principle Test and Universal Reagent (if applicable).
4. Select the range to edit in the Current Ranges box on the right side of the screen.
FIGURE 31: REFLEXIVE TESTING CONFIGURATION SCREEN SHOWING CURRENT RANGES
62. 48 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
5. Select the Edit button. The following screen appears:
FIGURE 32: REFLEXIVE TESTING RANGE SCREEN SHOWING A BELOW RANGE
6. Follow these procedures to edit a range, order additional reflexive tests, add a dilution
factor, or remove a reflexive test:
Editing the Range
Update the Reflex Range depending on the selection in step 4.
Ordering Additional Reflexive Tests for a Range
Select the buttons that correspond to the individual reflexive tests for this range. To
switch between assays and allergens, select the IMMUNOASSAY or ALLERGY
button in the TEST CATEGORIES box.
Adding or Editing a Dilution Factor
Select the test under the Tests Selected heading and select the DILUTION button,
and select the dilution factor.
Removing a Reflex Test
Select the test under the Tests Selected heading and select the REMOVE button.
7. Once all edits to this range are complete, select the SAVE button.
8. Repeat steps 2 through 7 to edit additional reflexive testing configurations.
9. To print the contents of the Current Ranges box, select the Print button.
10. Select the Close button to close the Reflexive Testing Configuration screen.
63. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 49
Deleting a Reflexive Test Range
Follow these instructions to edit existing reflexive testing configurations.
1. From the Configurations menu, select Reflexive Tests. The Reflexive Testing
Configuration screen appears.
FIGURE 33: REFLEXIVE TESTING CONFIGURATION SCREEN
2. Select Immunoassay - Configured for Reflex or Allergy - Configured for Reflex.
3. Select a Principle Test and Universal Reagent (if applicable).
64. 50 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
4. Select the range to edit in the Current Ranges box on the right side of the screen.
FIGURE 34: REFLEXIVE TESTING CONFIGURATION SCREEN SHOWING CURRENT RANGES
5. Select the Delete button. The following message appears:
6. Select the Yes button.
7. Repeat steps 3 through 6 to delete additional ranges.
8. To print the contents of the Current Ranges box, select the Print button.
9. Select the Close button to close the Reflexive Testing Configuration screen.
Panel Configuration
A panel may be used to group tests that are routinely ordered together. The Panel
Configuration window is used to create a panel or edit an existing panel. The operator
assigns a panel name and the tests to include in the panel. Up to one hundred tests may be
assigned to a panel.
65. IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual 600849-0001-A 51
Creating a New Panel
Follow the instructions below to create a new panel.
1. Choose Panels from the Configurations menu.
The Panel Configuration window appears.
FIGURE 35: PANEL CONFIGURATION WINDOW
2. Select the ADD NEW PANEL button.
3. Enter a panel name in the Panel Name field.
Note: The panel name can have no more than 10 characters.
4. Select one of the Panel Color buttons (1 – 15). The color chosen distinguishes the tests
belonging to this panel in the Available Panels window.
66. 52 600849-0001-A IMMULITE 2000/2500 Operator's Manual
5. Select the Test Name button.
The Available Tests window appears.
FIGURE 36: AVAILABLE TESTS - ALLERGENS ONBOARD
6. Select the ACTIVE KITS or ON BOARD button.
If the ACTIVE KITS button is selected, a button for every immunoassay or allergy
test scanned onto the Instrument displays in the center of the window.
If the ON BOARD button is selected, a button for every immunoassay or allergy test
physically residing on the Instrument displays in the center of the window.
Immunoassay
Select the appropriate immunoassay button.
The code for the chosen assay appears in the Tests Selected field.
Allergen
Select the universal reagent, such as SPE, to be used for the allergy test.
Select the appropriate allergen test button.
The code for the chosen allergen appears in the Tests Selected field.
Note: Two different kinds of allergy controls may be run:
• Allergy Kit Controls: This type of control tests the performance of the universal
allergy kit. These controls are provided with allergy kits. To run these controls, the
Specific-IgE Control Antibody provided with that kit must have been entered and
loaded. See Entering Allergens and Allergen Wedges on page 102 for more
information about using Allergen Vials and Allergen Wedges.
• Specific-Allergen Controls: These controls test the performance of a particular
allergen. Specific-allergen controls are available for the most common allergies. To
run these controls, the allergen whose performance is to be tested must be entered
and loaded.