1. Integrated nutrient management combines organic, inorganic, and biofertilizers to enhance crop growth and yield while improving soil health. Organic sources include farmyard manure and enriched compost. 2. The document provides guidelines for integrated disease management of various mulberry diseases including powdery mildew, leaf spot, leaf rust, and root knot disease. It recommends cultural, biological and chemical control measures. 3. Integrated pest management for mulberry involves monitoring for various viral, bacterial, fungal and nematode diseases and controlling them through measures like use of resistant varieties, roguing, weeding and application of recommended pesticides.

2. INM AND IDM IN
MULBERRY

3. INM IN MULBERRY
INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT is a
practice where all sources of nutrients namely
organic , inorganic (chemical fertilizer),
biofertilizer can be combined and applied to
soils so that crop growth is enhanced and we
get good yield with quality product.

4. Organic sources of nutrients:
The organic manures are known to influence the
mulberry yield and quality.
5 to 6 split application of FYM at 20 to 30 MT/ha
is an ideal dose.
sheep manure is a better source of manure for
mulberry, especially for harvesting the leaf
suitable for feeding young worms.

5. cont
Using non-edible oil cakes like honge (karanj),
neem, hippe and castor are found to be highly
encouraging in improving the yield and quality
of leaf, besides controlling the mulberry
diseases and nematodes.

6. Cont.
The enriched compost can be very effectively
used as a source of nutrient for mulberry
cultivation.
This, not only helps in providing quality leaf but
also in improving the soil health and reduces
the underground water pollution.

7. Green manure
Green manuring and green leaf manuring of
soils to benefit crop production as well as soil
health.
The green manure leguminous crops are
grown in situ like cowpea, soyabean, sunhemp
and sesbania etc.,

8. cont
Leguminous tree species like Pongamia (Honge),
Glyricidia (gobbarada soppu), Sesbania spp.
etc., are grown in the bunds, borders and
waste lands.
Here the vegetative parts are utilized as a green
manuring to soil.
On an average about 50 to 100 kg of nitrogen is
fixed when leguminous green manure crop is
grown in situ and incorporated.

9. Bio-fertilizers
• Apply Azospirillum @ 20 kg/ha in five split
doses. Apply phosphobacterium @ 10 kg/h in
two equal splits.
• Mix the bio-fertilizers with 50 kg of FYM for
uniform distribution
• Ensure irrigation after application

10. Fertilizer management
Irrigated / semi irrigated (kg/ha)

11. cont
• For V1, fertilizer schedule is 375 : 140 : 140 kg
NPK/ha.
• Apply fertilizers as per soil recommendation
wherever possible
• Apply the first dose of fertilizers three months
after planting
• Follow subsequent fertilizer application after
each leaf harvest and pruning
• Apply straight fertilizers to minimize the cost

12. cont
Rainfed (Kg/ha)
Apply the first and second doses coinciding with South
West and North East monsoons respectively.

13. Micro nutrients
• For micro nutrients according to the
deficiency symptom expressed, apply
micronutrients as foliar spary @ Zinc sulphate
5 g, Ferrous sulphate 10 g, Borax 2.5 g, Copper
sulphate 2.5 g, Manganese 2.5 g or Sodium
molybdate 100 mg/lit of water using high
volume sprayer (spray fluid 500 lit/ha).
• Add wetting agent, Teepol @ 0.5 ml/lit. for
better adherence on the foliage.

15. INTEGRATED DISEASE MANAGEMENT
as a decision-based process involving coordinated use
of multiple tactics for optimizing the control of
pathogen in an ecologically and economically.

16. Principles of Plant Disease Control
1. Avoidance—prevents disease by selecting a time of
the year or a site where there is no inoculum or
where the environment is not favorable for infection.
2. Exclusion—prevents the introduction of inoculum.
3. Eradication—eliminates, destroy, or inactivate the
inoculum.
4. Protection—prevents infection by means of a
toxicant or some other barrier to infection.
5. Resistance—utilizes cultivars that are resistant to or
tolerant of infection.
6. Therapy—cure plants that are already infected

17. Powdery mildew
Causal organism: Phyllactinia corylea
Symptom:
 White powdery patches appears
on the lower surface of leaves .
Corresponding on upper surface
shows the chlorotic lesions.
 later powdery growth spread to upper surface.
 Defoliation

18. cont
Management :
 Wider spacing and trimming to provide good
ventilation.
 Aviod shady condition
 Timely harvest
 0.25% bavistin
 RV – MR1, MR2

19. Leaf spot
Causal organism: Cercospora moricola
Symptoms :
 Small circular or irregular brownish spots
appears on both the surface of leaves at initial
stage.
Later enlarges and leading to shot hole
symptoms.
Severely affected leaves become yellowish and
fall off prematurely.

20. cont

21. cont
Management:
Avoid the excess application of N and P
Clean cultivation
Wider spacing
Bavistin 0.2%
RV- K-2,S-54,MR-2,..

22. Leaf rust
Causal organism: Cerotelium fci
Symptoms :
 Numerous pin-head sized circular
to oval, reddish to rusty brown spots
or pustules appear on the surface
Of leaves.
Leaves become yellowish and
wither off prematurely.

23. cont
Management:
Timely utilization of leaves
providing wider spacing
Spraying of kavach (75%wp) immediately after
appearance of disease.

24. RED RUST
Causal organism: Aecidium mori
Symtoms :
Affects the young buds, leaves, shoots and
petiols.
Affected buds became swollen and curl up in
abnormal shape with many slightly protruded
yellow spots on the bud.
Mangement:
Sanitation
Spraying of 0.2% bavistin or 0.5% sulphur dusting

25. Fungal leaf blight
Alternaria alternata, Fusarium pallidoroseum
Symptoms :
The disease starts as browning/ blackening of leaves
starting either from the leaf tip or edges of leaf lamina
in the form of isolated irregular brown coloured
patches. As the disease spreads the entire leaf surface
is affected resulting in fall of leaves.

26. Management :
• Remove the infested leaves, collect in a
polythene bag and destroy by burning.
• Follow wider spacing of plantation (90 cm x 90
cm) or paired row planting system [(90 +150)
× 60 cm]
• Spray 0.2 % Indofil M-45 (Mancozeb 75 %
WP) solution on the leaves.

27. Root knot Disease
Meloidogyne incognita (Nematode)
Symptoms :
• Stunted growth
• Poor and delayed sprouting
• Reduced leaf size and yield
• Marginal chlorosis and necrosis of leaves,.
• Death of plants in severe cases

28. cont
Symptoms on the underground parts :
• Formation of gall/knots on roots
• Reduced and stubby root system.
• Retarded root growth.

29. cont
Management:
 Deep ploughing in summer.
 Applying neem cake @ 1000 kg/ha.
 Applying Carbofuran 3G @ 30 kg/ha/year in
four split doses.

30. Root rot
Causal organism : Rhizoctonia bataticola
Symptoms:
Sudden withering and defoliation of leaves
followed by death of plants .

31. cont
The below ground symptoms include decaying
of root cortex or skin, turn black due to fungal
spores/ mycelium below the bark.
Severly infected plants can be easily uprooted

32. Management:
A target specific new formulation “Navinya” is used for the
control of root rot disease of mulberry.
Method of application :
 Prune off the dried shoots above 15-30 cm from ground.
 Make shallow ring around stump and apply the Navinya
solution made by adding 10 g of Navinya in 1 liter of
water.
 Pour the solution over the pruned stump to drench
completely.
 Cover with soil around the stump to prevent exposure to
sunlight.
 Treat the surrounding mulberry plants also to prevent
spreading of the disease.

33. Bacterial leaf blight
Pseudomonas syringae pv. mori/ Xanthmonas
campestris pv. mori
Symptoms :
Numerous blackish brown irregular water
soaked patches appear on the leaves resulting in
curling and rotting of leaves.

34. cont
Management:
• Remove the infested leaves, collect in a
polythene bag and destroy by burning.
• Follow wider spacing of plantation (90 cm x 90
cm) or paired row planting system [(90 +150)
× 60 cm]
• Spray 0.2% Streptomycin solution or 0.2%
Indofil M-45 (Mancozeb 75% WP) on the
leaves.

35. Bacterial wilt
pseudomonas solancearum
Symptoms
 The bacterium affects roots of plants , young seedlings
and saplings, leading to wilting of shoots.
 Severly affected roots became blak and rotten.
 Whitish shiny bacterial exudate is often seen from cut
portion of the infected roots.
Management:
Use of disease free saplings
Use of resistance varieties

36. Mulberry mosaic
CO : mulberry mosaic virus
Symptoms:
Inward curling of leaves, vein clearing, later turning into
dark and light green mosaic pattern.

37. Mulberry Mosaic Dwarf Disease
CO : viroid
Infected mulberry plants showed severe dwarf
symptoms on mulberry leaves such as mottling,
deformation, curling and puckering.
Management:
Roughing
Use of healthy seedlings

38. YELLOW NET VEIN
CO : mulberry yellow net vein virus
Symptoms:
Appear on leaf morngins as
chlorotic Patches which later
spread to the whole leaf,
veins and vein-lets became a
complety yellow giving a
net like appearance.

39. Management:
 Roughing
 Use of healthy seedlings

40. Mulberry latent virus
Not exhibit clear symptoms. Remained latent in
mulberry.
Transmitted by :
mechanical sap inoculation and grafting.
Management:
 Roughing
 Use of healthy seedlings

41. Mulberry dwarf
Caused by phytoplasma
symptoms :
 Curling of top apical leaf and reduction in size
 chlorosis
 Shortening of internodal length
 Witches broom appearance
Management:
 Use of healthy seedlings
 Clean cultivation

42. Mulberry ring spot
CO : Mulberry ring spot virus
Symptoms :
 Initially appears as mosaic and ring patterns.
 Wrinkles and enation appears on lower surface.
 On severity leaves became yellow and resulting the severe
loss of yield and quality.

43. Management :
Roughing
Use of healthy seedlings
Clean cultivation