The document outlines the communication process, emphasizing its role in sharing information and fostering human relationships through various methods such as verbal, non-verbal, and visual communication. It describes barriers to effective communication, perspectives that influence understanding, and highlights the 7 C's of communication which serve as a checklist for improving communication skills. Each of these aspects is essential for achieving mutual understanding and enhancing interactions in personal and professional settings.

1. Communication Skills
• Communication Cycle
• Various Methods Of Communication
• Perspective In Communication
• 7C‘s Of Communication
Presented by:
Bhavya Chauhan
Class: 9 ‘A’

2. Communication Cycle
Communication is the process of transferring or
sharing of information between two or more
people. It is a two-way process of reaching
mutual understanding, in which participants not
only exchange information, news, ideas, and
feelings but also create and share a new
meaning. It is also the foundation of all human
relationships.

3. Effective communication is essential in every sphere of life, be it personal, professional, or social. It
includes all the aspects of visual, auditory, and body language to appeal to the listener.
The essential elements of the communication process are:
• Message: Information to be conveyed
• Encoding: Formation of the message
• Receiver: One who receives the message
• Feedback: Response
• Sender: One who sends the message
• Communication Channel: Medium
• Decoding: Interpretation of the message

4. Barriers To Effective Communication
A barrier to effective communication is any factor, individual, situational, or environmental, that
prevents the receiver from receiving and understanding the message accurately.
• Environmental Barriers: These are the physical conditions that effect the communication
process. For example: Poor lightning, defective instrument.
• Situational Barriers: The factors like distance, noise, and distractions cause unnecessary
disruption in the communication process.
• Individual Barriers: Some are Attitudinal, Inattention, Linguistic Ability and
Emotional State.

5. Various Methods Of Communication
People use different methods of communication to express themselves.
There are three basic methods of communication:
1.Verbal communication: It involves the use of words in delivering the message. There are two
primary forms of verbal communication:
(I) Oral communication: The process of expressing information through spoken words is
known as Oral communication.
(II) Written communication: It involves sending messages in the form of written words to
convey information. For example: Letters, reports, notices and etc.

6. 2. Non-verbal Communication: It means that communicating without the use of
words, oral or written. It can be effectively used to enhance our verbal
communication.
Non-verbal signs can convey thoughts and feelings in the absence of verbal
communication.
The different elements of non-verbal communication are:
• Facial Expression
• Gestures
• Voice
• Body language
• Eye Gaze
• Physical Contact
• Dress and appearance

7. 3. Visual Communication: Any verbal or non-verbal communication utilising
the sense of sight is known as Visual communication.
Visual communication skills involve the judicious use of visual aids to make a
penetration and lasting impact on receiver’s mind. Graphs, charts, maps,
PowerPoint presentations, overhead projectors, Smart-boards, white and black
boards, models, paper handouts, etc., are the different types of visual aids that
help in conveying a message effectively.

8. Perspective s in Communication
Perspective is an individual’s point of view through which we interpret and understand every
communication and event happening around us.
Factors affecting Perspectives in communication:
• Visual perspective: Our brain processes the information seen through the eyes and interprets
it. Visual Perspective refers to our tendency to focus only on the parts of a scenario that we are
most inclined to notice. Some of the judgments that we make are about:
1. Qualification of the person
2. Mental capability of the person
3. Position and the financial status of the person

9. • Language: Perspectives play a role in the interpretation of words as well. Some words can
have very different meanings depending how we interpret them.
• Past Experiences: We enter a situation or communication with certain expectations of what
will happen and behave accordingly. These are based on the filters or perspectives that we have
developed due to our past experiences.

10. • Attitude: Attitude is a mindset that decides how an individual perceives an idea or a
situation and responds to it.
Look at the glass of water, is it half-filled (half full) or
half empty?
When looking at the glass of water, there can be two
opinions – one stating it as half-full, while the other
considering it half empty. These opinions or
perceptions depend upon the person’s state of mind
and his attitude. This example is often used as a
metaphor for life to distinguish optimistic people from
the pessimistic. Some people focus on the
opportunities provided to them and feel grateful, while
others choose to focus on the lack of facilities and
complain about their life. Thus, people’s attitudes
define what they perceive and what they experience.

11. • Prejudice: Prejudice is an idea or opinion that is not
based on fact, logic, or experience. Prejudice is considered a
negative attitude, especially when it is related to hatred or
intolerance for certain groups of people. Prejudices are
partly due to culture and partly due to personal
preferences. When we act on our prejudices, then it becomes
discrimination. When we discriminate, we make decisions
without trying to find all the necessary information about
the person or the group that we are judging.

12. • Environment: All of us communicate differently in different environments. For example, some
students hesitate to voice their opinions in the classroom, while others thrive on the attention of their
classmates. Therefore, while some students enjoy and learn more from classroom discussions, the shy
students do not speak up in the class. If the teacher talks to the shy students personally, they are
better able to convey their problems and opinions.
• Feelings: There are two ways in which your feelings can influence your communication with
another person.
1. The first one refers to the way how you feel on a specific day. If you are feeling well, you will
communicate as usual, and if you are feeling sick or in a bad mood, you will talk differently. Since
your wellbeing changes, it transforms your way of communication on a particular day.
2. The second aspect related to feelings refers to how you feel about a specific person. When you
genuinely like someone, you communicate with him in a very positive way. However, when you interact
with someone you do not like, your style and body language changes.

13. • Beliefs: Our beliefs form a vicious cycle. Our unique perspectives, with which we interpret
any message or event, stems from our belief system. Beliefs shape our behaviour, which in
turn affects our communication style. Our communication style elicits responses from others
and determines the result of an interaction, and the reactions further reinforce our beliefs.
Dr Eric Berne has proposed four positions’ that
each of us may take in approaching any interaction.
The four positions are: ‘I’m OK: You’re
Not OK’, ‘I’m OK: You’re OK’, ‘I’m Not
OK: You’re Not OK’, ‘I’m Not OK:
You’re OK’
These life positions represent
combinations of one’s attitude about
oneself and the other people with whom
interacting.

14. 7c’s Of Communication
There are seven elements of communication which are popularly known as the 70’s of
Communication. They are regarded as a checklist that helps to improve the professional
communication skills.
1. Clear: The message should not be confusing.
2. Correct: The message should be free of any grammatical and spelling mistakes.
3. Complete: The message must include all the required information.
4. Concrete: The content should be supported by facts and figures.

15. 5. Concise: The message should be clear
and to the point. A short and brief
message helps to understand better.
6. Consideration: The sender must
take into consideration the receiver’s
opinions, knowledge, mindset, background,
etc., to communicate effectively.
7. Courteous: The sender must consider
feelings and viewpoints of the receiver.