INFECTION CONTROL@ OUR HOSPITALS PLAN FOR ACTION by Dr.T.V.Rao MD

1. INFECTION CONTROL@
OUR HOSPITALS
PLAN FOR ACTION
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
Dr.T.V.Rao MD1

2. The Purpose of the
Programme
 The purpose of this
program is to maintain a
healthy and safe Hospital
by the prevention and
control of health care
related infections /
diseases. This is achieved
by surveillance and
investigation of infectious
diseases and public
education.
Dr.T.V.Rao MD2

3. Beginning of infection
control Programmes
 Modern hospital
infection control
programs first began
in the 1950s in
England, where the
primary focus of
these programs was
to prevent and
control hospital-
acquired
staphylococcal
outbreaks.
Dr.T.V.Rao MD3

4. CDC starts the Training in
Hospital Infection control
 The Communicable Disease Center, later
to be renamed the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC), began the
first training courses specifically about
infection control and surveillance. In
1969, the Joint Commission for
Accreditation of Hospitals--later to become
the Joint Commission on Accreditation of
Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO)--first
required hospitals to have organized
infection control committees and isolation
facilities.
Dr.T.V.Rao MD4

5. AIDS influences for better
understanding of Infection Control
 The second and certainly most
significant factor influencing
infection control at the time
was the advent of acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome
(AIDS). The human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
has taken an enormous toll in
terms of loss of life and
productivity. For infection
control professionals (ICPs),
HIV has been a challenge for
education, risk reduction and
resource utilization.
Dr.T.V.Rao MD5

6. Educating our Health
Care Workers
 Education programs for employees and volunteers
are one method to ensure competent infection
control practices. It is a unique challenge since
employees represent a wide range of expertise and
educational background. The ICP must become
knowledgeable in adult education principles and
use educational tools and techniques that will
motivate and sustain behavioral change. Much has
been written about the education of healthcare
workers (HCWs). Some of the tools used to
educate HCWs successfully include newsletter,
posters and videos
Dr.T.V.Rao MD6

7. The Scientific study ( SENIC )
gives guidelines
 Study of the Efficacy of Nosocomial Infection
Control (SENIC) project was published, validating
the cost-benefit of infection control programs. Data
collected in 1970 and 1976-1977 suggested that
one-third of all nosocomial infections could be
prevented if all the following were present:
 One infection control professional (ICP) for every
250 beds.
 An effective infection control physician.
 A program reporting infection rates back to the
surgeon and those clinically involved with the
infection.
 An organized hospital-wide surveillance system.
Dr.T.V.Rao MD7

8. Why we should control the
Infections in our Hospitals
 Increasing emerging infections
 Increasing resistant organisms
 Increasing drug costs
 Institute of Medicine Report--healthcare-associated
infections
 Nursing shortage
 OSHA safety legislation
 Multiple benchmark systems
 FDA legislation on reuse of single-use devices
Dr.T.V.Rao MD8

9. Assessing Infection Control
Programs
 The first step should be to make an
assessment of the current infection control
program. This review will have to include any
new customers to service resulting from any
mergers and acquisition (e.g., home health,
starting of multi specialties, ambulatory care
surgical centers) involving the healthcare
organizations. ICPs should assess the infection
control program for compliance with written
standards and guidelines, areas that need
improvement and available resources. ICPs
can begin by systematically reviewing the
most current regulatory standards and
guidelines.
Dr.T.V.Rao MD9

10. Formulating an Infection
Control Plan
 Every infection control program should develop a well-
defined written plan outlining the organizational
philosophy regarding infection prevention and control.
The plan should take into account the goals, mission
statement, and an assessment of the infection control
program. It should include a statement of authority, and
should review patient demographics including
geographic locations of patients served by the
healthcare system. The scope of responsibilities for
actions to be taken to accomplish the goals should be
included in this plan. Data, if available, should always
drive the plan. This plan is often referred to as the
quality improvement (QI) infection control (IC) plan and
should be reviewed and revised annually. Each revision
should include defining the objectives of the goals, with
due dates and responsible parties
Dr.T.V.Rao MD10

11. Infection Control should
Evaluate
 ICPs should evaluate their institutional
needs and develop a surveillance plan to
present to the infection control committee
on a yearly basis. Choosing one or two
specific surveillance problems and setting
a goal for reduction will focus the efforts
of the ICP. requires documenting the
rationale for selecting a specific
surveillance approach, the time needed to
implement the plan, and the benchmark
selected for comparison
Dr.T.V.Rao MD11

12. Our plan for future should
include
 Unlike scheduled activities, occasional
clusters of patients who are colonized or
infected will trigger further investigation
including a case-control study. New
laboratory methods developed and refined
within the last decade can now determine
how related the strain is at the molecular
level. The QI/IC plan should include
special problem-focused studies that
describe personnel or environmental
sampling, including what circumstances
and who has the authority to order
Dr.T.V.Rao MD12

13. Antibiotic Utilization
Isolation of Patients
 Information obtained from surveillance,
laboratory cultures, or screening for
epidemiologically-important pathogens
must be used to ensure that appropriate
isolation is instituted. The ICP should be
identified as the expert consultant on
control and prevention of communicable
diseases and then should have the
administrative power to isolate patients
Dr.T.V.Rao MD13

14. A Dedicated Hand Washing can Reduce
the Major Spread of Infections
Dr.T.V.Rao MD14

15. WHONET - Documentation
 Establishing
WHONET
Documentation
makes the
Antibiograms
assessments easy by
Microbiologists and
Consultants at any
Hospital.
 We are fully
functional to the
advantages of the
WHONET
documentation,
Dr.T.V.Rao MD15

16. Our Vision to Future
 Infection control
programs must
maintain training
records of employees.
The minimum training
required is annual
OSHA blood borne
pathogen, tuberculosis
prevention and control
and new employee
orientation.
Dr.T.V.Rao MD16

17.  The Programme Created by
Dr.T.V.Rao MD for Benefit of Health
Care Workers for Basic vision in
Developing better Health Care
 Dr.T.V.Rao MD
 Email
 doctortvrao@gmail.com
Dr.T.V.Rao MD17