Summer training in Suratgarh Thermal Power Station Rajasthan, India. Situated near Biradhwal Railway Station with a Power Generation Capacity Of 1500 MW. Presentation is for students who have done there traning from this plant
introduction of VARS,refrigrants properties,cop,practical VARS ,
Simple VARS,advantages of VARS,comparison of vars with vcrs,Refrences of VARS,Refrigration cycles,economical system,absorbent properties
The Thermal Power Station burns fuel & uses the resultant to make the steam, which derives the turbo generator. The Fuel i.e. coal is burnt in pulverized from. The pressure energy of the steam produce is converted into mechanical energy with the help of turbine. The mechanical energy is fed to the generator where the magnet rotate inside a set of stator winding & thus electricity is produced in India 65% of total power is generated by thermal power stations. To understand the working of the Thermal Power Station plant, we can divide the whole process into following parts.
The explanation of Performance parameters of IC engines is as follows.
1.Indicated power (I.P):
The total Power developed by the combustion of the fuel in the combustion chamber is called as Indicated power.
2.Break power (B.P):
The Power developed by an engine at the output shaft is called break power.
For more information, visit https://mechanicalstudents.com/ic-engines/
introduction of VARS,refrigrants properties,cop,practical VARS ,
Simple VARS,advantages of VARS,comparison of vars with vcrs,Refrences of VARS,Refrigration cycles,economical system,absorbent properties
The Thermal Power Station burns fuel & uses the resultant to make the steam, which derives the turbo generator. The Fuel i.e. coal is burnt in pulverized from. The pressure energy of the steam produce is converted into mechanical energy with the help of turbine. The mechanical energy is fed to the generator where the magnet rotate inside a set of stator winding & thus electricity is produced in India 65% of total power is generated by thermal power stations. To understand the working of the Thermal Power Station plant, we can divide the whole process into following parts.
The explanation of Performance parameters of IC engines is as follows.
1.Indicated power (I.P):
The total Power developed by the combustion of the fuel in the combustion chamber is called as Indicated power.
2.Break power (B.P):
The Power developed by an engine at the output shaft is called break power.
For more information, visit https://mechanicalstudents.com/ic-engines/
this presentation is prepared by rajesh nayak during his engineering through electrical branch. this is the best ppt you will find in slideshare. thankyou
A short presentation about the different components of a steam power plant. It first tells us what's a steam power plant and then explains how electricity is generated by them.
A complete description of types of power plant, it's working.
Types of the turbine.It contains detail description of turbine, coal handling plant, ash handling plant, the layout of thermal power plant. Economizer, air pre heater, super heater etc. It also contains details description of thermal power plant in India.Also, describe boiler and its types.
power point presentation over thermal power plantAnis Haider
vocational training, also known as Vocational Education and Training (VET) and Career and Technical Education (CTE), provides job-specific technical training for trades.Vocational training can also give applicants an edge in job searches, since they already have the certifiable knowledge they need to enter the field. this ppt was made by me during my vocational training in thermal power plant. i hope it will usefull for the technical students
thanks
Mejia Thermal Power Station is located at Durlovpur, Bankura, 35 km from Durgapur city in West Bengal. The power plant is one of the coal based power plants of DVC
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
2. Suratgarh Thermal Power Station is the first super thermal
plant of Rajasthan.
Suratgarh super thermal power station is located 27 km from
Suratgarh -15 km from Suratgarh to Biradhwal on NH-15,then
12km in east from NH-15.
Stage I : - Unit 1 and Unit 2 - 2X250 MW
Stage II : - Unit 3 and Unit 4 - 2X250 MW
Stage III : - Unit 5 - 1X250 MW
Stage IV : - Unit 6 - 1X250 MW
Total Power Generation = 1500 MW
Introduction of Thermal power
Plant: -
3.
4. There are basically three cycles going on in a thermal power
plant: -
1. Coal Cycle: - The coal cycle is carried on in Coal Handling Plant
(CHP). The coal cycle start from CHP and ends in the boiler
furnace.
2. Water Cycle: - Water Cycle starts from Hot well and finishes in
Boiler Drum.
Condensed Water from Condenser is stored in Hot well.
Water is fed to deaerator.
From deaerator Water Flow to Boiler Feed Pump (BFP)
Suction site.
Discharge of BFP flows to Economizer and then to Boiler
Drum
CYCLES: -
5. 3. Steam Cycle: - Steam Cycle starts from Boiler Drum and
condense in Hot well.
In Boiler Drum, steam is separated from water with the help
of steam separator.
Dry steam then flows from Boiler Drum to Super Heater and
then flows to High Pressure Turbine (HPT).
Discharged steam from HPT then flows to Re-heater (in
boiler) and then to Intermediate Pressure Turbine (IPT) and
then to Low Pressure Turbine (LPT) and then to Condenser.
In condenser steam is condensed into water and water is
collected in hot well.
6.
7. The Thermal Power Plant is basically divided into four parts. They
are as follow: -
1. Coal Handling Plant (CHP): - Fuel from the storage is fed to the
boiler through fuel handling device. The fuel used in S.S.T.P.S.
is coal, which on combustion in the boiler produces ash.
2. Ash Handling Plant (AHP):- The ash produced is collected in the
boiler and is removed to ash storage tank. Ash produced are of
two types: -
(i) wet ash
(ii) dry ash
In S.S.T.P.S both types of ash are utilized in an economical way.
Thermal Power Plant Constituents: -
8. 3. Water Treatment Plant: - In Water Treatment Plant Water is
treated so that no impurities are left in the water to make it
suitable for the working process of Power Plant.
4. Boiler, Turbine, Generator and Control Unit: - These are the
parts where steam is generated and operated. In the Control
Unit each and everything is controlled including auxiliary as
well as main equipment.
9. Coal Handling Plant (CHP) :-It can be called the heart of the
thermal power plant because it provide the fuel for the
combustion in the boiler.
The coal is received from Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh. Coal is
transported here with the help of railway.
The coal handling plant can be divided broadly into three
sections:-
i. Wagon Unloading System
ii. Crushing System
iii. Conveying System
Main Components Of Thermal
Power Plant:-
11. Mills :- The coal is fed to the mills from bunker. In the mills, the
coal is crushed into powdered form with the help of Pulveriser.
The mill used in S.S.T.P.S. is ball tube mills. Pulverized coal is
lifted/fed into boiler with the help of air.
Deaerator: - In this chamber air and air bubbles are removed
from the water. Also it provides the necessary pressure so that
the water can easily reach up to the boiler. And hence the cycle
continues.
Boiler :- It is a closed vessel in which water is heated to
generate steam. There are different types of boilers.
In S.S.T.P.S. Natural Circulation, Water Tube Boiler are used.
12. Fire tube boiler: - In this water partially fills the boiler,
leaving some space for steam produced. In this type of
boiler, heat is transferred in the tubes and as a result water
gets heated in the boiler.
13. Water tube boiler: - In this type of boiler the water flows in
the tube. These tubes are mounted on the boundary wall of
the boiler or we can say that the boiler wall is made up of
these water carrying tubes. The water in the tubes get heats
from the coal burning in the boiler furnace.
14. Super Heater: - A super heater is a device which removes the
last trace of moisture from the saturated steam leaving the
boiler tubes and also increases its temperature above the
saturation temperature.
Re-Heater: - Re-heaters are provided to raise the temperature
of the steam from which part of energy has already been
extracted from HP turbine. This is done so that the steam
remains dry as far as possible through the last stage of the
turbine.
Economizer: - The function of an economizer in a steam
generating unit is to absorb heat from the flue gases and add
this as sensible heat to fed water. It acts like feed water
heater.
15. Boiler Drum: - Boiler Drum is a pressure vessel. In this place
water and steam gets separated from each other which are
generated in the furnace walls. The steam from boiler drum is
again sent to the Super Heater in the furnace so that
superheated steam can be received. The steam is superheated
so that maximum output can be gained with minimum losses.
16. Steam Turbine: - Steam turbine is a rotating machine which
converts heat energy of steam to mechanical energy.
Super heated steam from boiler High Pressure Turbine
boiler furnaceRe-Heater in Boiler
Intermediate
Pressure Turbine
Low Pressure Turbine Condenser
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22. High Pressure Turbine (HPT) and Intermediate Pressure
Turbine (IPT) are uni flow turbine whereas the LPT is bi flow
turbine.
23. Condenser:- The steam here is condensed with the help of
Cooling water (CW) with the help of tubes. Now this water
enters hot well and from there it goes to CEP. In the
condenser the pressure drops to approximately -0.918 kg/cm2.
The pressure in the Condenser is the lowest in comparison to
the whole Power Plant Cycle.
Cooling Tower:- Cooling Tower is a heat rejection device which
rejects waste heat to the atmosphere through the cooling of
a water stream to a lower temperature. The main types of
cooling tower are Natural Draft and Induced Draft cooling
Towers. The classification is based on the type of air induction
in the tower. These are heat removal devices used to transfer
process waste heat to the atmosphere.
24. Fans:- A fan can be defined as a volumetric machine which like
pump moves quantities of air or gas from one place to
another. In doing this it overcomes resistance to flow by
supplying the fluid with the energy necessary for contained
motion. The following fans are used in Boiler house:-
1. Primary Air Fan (PA Fan):- Pulverized coal is directly fed from
coal mills to the burner at the four corners of the furnace
through coal pipes with the help of heated air incoming from
PA fan. Secondly this fan also dries the coal.
2. Forced Draft Fan (FD Fan):- The combustion process in the
furnace can only take place when it receives a steady flow of
air. This air is supplied by FD Fans.
25. 3. Induced Draught Fan (ID Fan): - The Flue gases coming out of
the boiler are passed to the ESP and then dust free gases are
discharged up by the chimney to the atmosphere by the ID Fans.
Air Preheater: - Air Preheaters are employed to recover the
heat from the flue gases leaving the economizer and are used
to heat the incoming air for combustion. This raises the
temperature of the furnace gases, improves combustion rates
and efficiency.
ESP : - In an Electro Static Precipitator (ESP) the dust gases are
passed through an intense Electric Field, Which causes
ionization of the gases and they change into ion while
travelling towards opposite charged electrode, gets deposited
as particles and thus dust is electric deposited an electrode
creating the field.
26. Chimney: - The waste air or steam, which can’t be utilised
further are now passed out with the help of chimney in the
atmosphere at atmospheric temperature.
Ash Handling Plant (AHP): - The ash which is stored in the base
of the boiler as a result of residue of heated coal is also
utilised in S.S.T.P.S. Earlier this dry ash was mixed with water
and wet ash was formed, which was a total waste. But now a
days the dry ash is used in cement factories. This ash is also
utilized in other methods such as:-
Manufacturing of building materials.
Making of concrete.
Manufacturing of cement.
Road Construction etc
27. Water Treatment: -
Water from IG Canal De-silting Chamber
silt is
removed
Pump HouseRaw Water Reservoir
Fire Fighting System
Ash Handling Plant
Coal Handling Plant
Water Treatment PlantClarified Water
Storage Tank
DM Water Plant
Filtration Plant
Circulating Water Pump House
Bearing Cooling Water Plant
28. Generator: - All those three turbines rotates a shaft in the
same direction. This shaft is connected to a generator. This
generator produces the electricity required. From this point
the electricity produced is sent to the Electrical Switchyard via
transformers. Since generator is producing electricity and is
working continuously heat is generated in this part also. And
hence cooling of generator is also important. In S.S.T.P.S
generator is cooled using Hydrogen Gas.
Mechanical Energy Electrical Energy
Cooling :-
Stator Winding- Direct Water Cooling
Rotor Winding- Hydrogen Cooling
Generator
29. Control Unit: - In Control Room various controls are provided
simultaneously various measurement are made. The unit
Control Room has a set of parameter panels for indicating
and recording parameters of boiler and turbo sets. The
parameters recorded in control room pressure and
temperature of line stream, re-heat steam, feed water, fuel
oil flow, mill outlet temperature, turbine speed, control
valve operation, turbine shaft, axial shaft, back pressure in
condenser, metal temperature etc.
30. Turbine governing System: - The main purpose of
turbine governing is to maintain the desired speed of
the turbine during fluctuation of the load on the
generator by varying the steam input to the turbine.