Dr. Thomas J. DeLiberto - Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza: The Role of Wild...John Blue
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza: The Role of Wild Birds - Dr. Thomas J. DeLiberto, NWRC Assistant Director, Wildlife Services, APHIS, USDA, from the 2016 NIAA Annual Conference: From Farm to Table - Food System Biosecurity for Animal Agriculture, April 4-7, 2016, Kansas City, MO, USA.
More presentations at http://www.trufflemedia.com/agmedia/conference/2016_niaa_farm_table_food_system_biosecurity
Sero-evidence of zoonotic viruses in rodents and humans in Kibera informal se...ILRI
Poster prepared Joseph Ogola, Hussein Alburkat, Moses Masika, Essi Korhonen, Ruut Uusitalo, Philip Nyaga, Omu Anzala, Olli Vapalahti, Tarja Sironen and Kristian M. Forbes for the Kenya One Health Online Conference, 6-8 December 2021
Horizon scanning for emergence of new viruses in animal and public healthEFSA EU
Presentation of the EFSA's second scientific conference, held on 14-16 October 2015 in Milan, Italy.
DRIVERS FOR EMERGING ISSUES IN ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH
Dr. Thomas J. DeLiberto - Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza: The Role of Wild...John Blue
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza: The Role of Wild Birds - Dr. Thomas J. DeLiberto, NWRC Assistant Director, Wildlife Services, APHIS, USDA, from the 2016 NIAA Annual Conference: From Farm to Table - Food System Biosecurity for Animal Agriculture, April 4-7, 2016, Kansas City, MO, USA.
More presentations at http://www.trufflemedia.com/agmedia/conference/2016_niaa_farm_table_food_system_biosecurity
Sero-evidence of zoonotic viruses in rodents and humans in Kibera informal se...ILRI
Poster prepared Joseph Ogola, Hussein Alburkat, Moses Masika, Essi Korhonen, Ruut Uusitalo, Philip Nyaga, Omu Anzala, Olli Vapalahti, Tarja Sironen and Kristian M. Forbes for the Kenya One Health Online Conference, 6-8 December 2021
Horizon scanning for emergence of new viruses in animal and public healthEFSA EU
Presentation of the EFSA's second scientific conference, held on 14-16 October 2015 in Milan, Italy.
DRIVERS FOR EMERGING ISSUES IN ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH
This presentation tells you about the present situation of White rumped vulture with reference to South East Asia (specially Pakistan) and its conservation status, reasons for its decline and future prospects without vultures.
It's no secret that environmental degradation has been shown to have damaged people's health, often fatally, in many specific cases.
Now, however, world-leading research at the University of Adelaide has linked the two on a staggering global scale.
Using data from over 100 countries, Professor Corey Bradshaw has examined the relationships between key indicators of human health and environmental quality and discovered a clear correlation, with dire implications.
As only one example, his findings indicate just a 10% overall reduction in water quality would raise infant deaths by many millions per year.
It's vital information for people and planet. And in this important presentation Professor Bradshaw will reveal the full story.
People, animals, plants, pests and pathogens: connections matterEFSA EU
Presentation of the EFSA's second scientific conference, held on 14-16 October 2015 in Milan, Italy.
DRIVERS FOR EMERGING ISSUES IN ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH
Assessing the threats and strategic responses to exotic mosquito threats in t...DrCameronWebb
Exotic mosquitoes pose a threat to tropical and temperate Australia. These slides are from a presentation given at the Australian Entomological Society conference in Cairns, QLD, 27-30 September 2015 in the special symposium "Managing Current & Future Exotic Mosquito Threats"
A survey to investigate leptospirosis transmission in pig farming householdsILRI
Poster by Mai van Hiep, Duong Nguyen Khang, Cao V, Minh-Anh Dang‐Trinh, Nguyen Ngoc Thuy, Nguyen Van Nha, Lucy Lapar, Jeff Gilbert and Silvia Alonso presented at the Ecohealth 2014 conference, Montreal, Canada, 11-15 August 2014.
Succession of Arthropods on White Rat Carcasses in Ile Ife, Southwestern Nigeriaijtsrd
The forensic information provided by decomposition of small carcasses often goes unnoticed, even in advanced economies, due to frequent neglect. This paper reports the succession pattern of arthropod species that associated with carcasses of white rat, Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout Rodentia Muridae , in Ile Ife, southwestern Nigeria. Four bushy sites were chosen for the study and nine rat carcasses were placed at each site once a season for two seasons. The carcasses were monitored daily until the process of decay was over. The visiting and colonizing invertebrates were collected daily and identified. Immatures were also collected and reared in the laboratory till adult emergence for easy identification. The carcasses went through five stages of decay and the arthropods arrived in the order Diptera early fresh stage , Hymenoptera late fresh stage , Coleoptera and Dermaptera active decay stage , and Araneae and Oribatida advanced decay stage . Dipteran flies were the first arthropods to interact with the remains but ants were the only arthropods that associated with all the five stages of decay. A total of 9828 arthropods 4415 adults and 5413 immatures belonging to six orders in two classes of the phylum were collected in the study. The proportion of faunal abundance was Diptera 75.10 , Hymenoptera 22.90 , Coleoptera 1.80 , Dermaptera 0.10 , Oribatida 0.08 and Araneae 0.02 . Rate of decay was faster and faunal population was higher on carcasses during the dry season compared to the wet. Faunal population was also higher on carcasses placed in close proximity to the Zoological garden. The implications of these results on accuracy of estimated postmortem interval PMI and applicability in law were discussed. Aminat Adeola Adesina | Olalekan Joseph Soyelu "Succession of Arthropods on White Rat Carcasses in Ile-Ife, Southwestern Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd35737.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/zoology/35737/succession-of-arthropods-on-white-rat-carcasses-in-ileife-southwestern-nigeria/aminat-adeola-adesina
Studies on Prevalence of Ixodid Ticks Infesting Cattle and Their Control by P...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences(IOSR-JPBS) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of Pharmacy and Biological Science. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Pharmacy and Biological Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Anticipating infectious threats to Australia: Mosquito-borne DiseaseDrCameronWebb
What will drive increased risk of mosquito-borne disease in the future? Climate change, globalisation, or how we manage our local wetlands and wildlife?
This presentation, from Thursday 27 February 2014, was part of the “Anticipating infectious threats to Australia” coordinated by the Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Disease and Biosecurity (University of Sydney).
http://sydney.edu.au/mbi/news/2014/anticipatinginfectiousthreats.php
The risk myrtle rust poses to threatened Myrtaceae species in Australia is becoming more apparent with significant dieback and tree death recorded as a result of repeated infection.
Research presented in this session addresses the need to better understand the impacts of pests and diseases on the environment and the various ways that social science and the rules of community engagement can be applied for better biosecurity.
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR), www.iosrphr.org, call for paper, research...iosrphr_editor
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR), www.iosrphr.org, call for paper, research paper publishing, where to publish research paper, journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call for research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, call for paper 2012, journal of pharmacy, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, research and review articles, Pharmacy journal, International Journal of Pharmacy, hard copy of journal, hard copy of certificates, online Submission, where to publish research paper, journal publishing, international journal, publishing a paper
This presentation tells you about the present situation of White rumped vulture with reference to South East Asia (specially Pakistan) and its conservation status, reasons for its decline and future prospects without vultures.
It's no secret that environmental degradation has been shown to have damaged people's health, often fatally, in many specific cases.
Now, however, world-leading research at the University of Adelaide has linked the two on a staggering global scale.
Using data from over 100 countries, Professor Corey Bradshaw has examined the relationships between key indicators of human health and environmental quality and discovered a clear correlation, with dire implications.
As only one example, his findings indicate just a 10% overall reduction in water quality would raise infant deaths by many millions per year.
It's vital information for people and planet. And in this important presentation Professor Bradshaw will reveal the full story.
People, animals, plants, pests and pathogens: connections matterEFSA EU
Presentation of the EFSA's second scientific conference, held on 14-16 October 2015 in Milan, Italy.
DRIVERS FOR EMERGING ISSUES IN ANIMAL AND PLANT HEALTH
Assessing the threats and strategic responses to exotic mosquito threats in t...DrCameronWebb
Exotic mosquitoes pose a threat to tropical and temperate Australia. These slides are from a presentation given at the Australian Entomological Society conference in Cairns, QLD, 27-30 September 2015 in the special symposium "Managing Current & Future Exotic Mosquito Threats"
A survey to investigate leptospirosis transmission in pig farming householdsILRI
Poster by Mai van Hiep, Duong Nguyen Khang, Cao V, Minh-Anh Dang‐Trinh, Nguyen Ngoc Thuy, Nguyen Van Nha, Lucy Lapar, Jeff Gilbert and Silvia Alonso presented at the Ecohealth 2014 conference, Montreal, Canada, 11-15 August 2014.
Succession of Arthropods on White Rat Carcasses in Ile Ife, Southwestern Nigeriaijtsrd
The forensic information provided by decomposition of small carcasses often goes unnoticed, even in advanced economies, due to frequent neglect. This paper reports the succession pattern of arthropod species that associated with carcasses of white rat, Rattus norvegicus Berkenhout Rodentia Muridae , in Ile Ife, southwestern Nigeria. Four bushy sites were chosen for the study and nine rat carcasses were placed at each site once a season for two seasons. The carcasses were monitored daily until the process of decay was over. The visiting and colonizing invertebrates were collected daily and identified. Immatures were also collected and reared in the laboratory till adult emergence for easy identification. The carcasses went through five stages of decay and the arthropods arrived in the order Diptera early fresh stage , Hymenoptera late fresh stage , Coleoptera and Dermaptera active decay stage , and Araneae and Oribatida advanced decay stage . Dipteran flies were the first arthropods to interact with the remains but ants were the only arthropods that associated with all the five stages of decay. A total of 9828 arthropods 4415 adults and 5413 immatures belonging to six orders in two classes of the phylum were collected in the study. The proportion of faunal abundance was Diptera 75.10 , Hymenoptera 22.90 , Coleoptera 1.80 , Dermaptera 0.10 , Oribatida 0.08 and Araneae 0.02 . Rate of decay was faster and faunal population was higher on carcasses during the dry season compared to the wet. Faunal population was also higher on carcasses placed in close proximity to the Zoological garden. The implications of these results on accuracy of estimated postmortem interval PMI and applicability in law were discussed. Aminat Adeola Adesina | Olalekan Joseph Soyelu "Succession of Arthropods on White Rat Carcasses in Ile-Ife, Southwestern Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd35737.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/zoology/35737/succession-of-arthropods-on-white-rat-carcasses-in-ileife-southwestern-nigeria/aminat-adeola-adesina
Studies on Prevalence of Ixodid Ticks Infesting Cattle and Their Control by P...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences(IOSR-JPBS) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of Pharmacy and Biological Science. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Pharmacy and Biological Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Anticipating infectious threats to Australia: Mosquito-borne DiseaseDrCameronWebb
What will drive increased risk of mosquito-borne disease in the future? Climate change, globalisation, or how we manage our local wetlands and wildlife?
This presentation, from Thursday 27 February 2014, was part of the “Anticipating infectious threats to Australia” coordinated by the Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Disease and Biosecurity (University of Sydney).
http://sydney.edu.au/mbi/news/2014/anticipatinginfectiousthreats.php
The risk myrtle rust poses to threatened Myrtaceae species in Australia is becoming more apparent with significant dieback and tree death recorded as a result of repeated infection.
Research presented in this session addresses the need to better understand the impacts of pests and diseases on the environment and the various ways that social science and the rules of community engagement can be applied for better biosecurity.
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR), www.iosrphr.org, call for paper, research...iosrphr_editor
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy (IOSRPHR), www.iosrphr.org, call for paper, research paper publishing, where to publish research paper, journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call for research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, call for paper 2012, journal of pharmacy, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, research and review articles, Pharmacy journal, International Journal of Pharmacy, hard copy of journal, hard copy of certificates, online Submission, where to publish research paper, journal publishing, international journal, publishing a paper
Describes Various aspects of pharmaceutical products affecting the environment.
Effects of Environmental pollution by Drugs on Aquatic systems and Humans.
Examples of drugs on various environmental effects are given.
Abstract— After the II Word War, the chemical based industrial revolution generated a wide and global contamination due to the release in the environment of thousand of compounds without an adequate knowledge of their environmental biotransformation and their toxic effect on the living matter. Recently, it has been found that several of these compounds and/or their relative by-products are persistent environmental contaminants associated with undesirable long-term effects. At present many questions have to be clarified with particular reference to lipophilic polyhalogenated compounds, such as polychloro-dibenzo-dioxins (PCDD), polychloro-dibenzo-furans (PCDF) and polychloro-biphenyls (PCB). These compounds accumulate up the food chain and humans can reach relative high concentration in their body with a consequent risk for health. In this paper we discuss the some basic features of both biological and toxicological aspects related to the dioxins exposure.
2[Unit VI and VII, Body Section You will find the body pa.docxrobert345678
2
[Unit VI and VII, Body Section: You will find the body paragraphs on pp. 7–9, located in the blue outlined section. The body section should be placed in the paper after the Introduction and Literature Review.]
S
ave the Bees: The Negative Effects of Neonicotinoids on Bee Populations
Tamika Diggs
Columbia Southern University
EH 1020 English Composition II
Dr. Renee Reynolds
January 5, 2021
Save the Bees: The Negative Effects of Pesticides on Bee Populations
The argument concerning whether a ban should be placed on pesticides has been a source of contention since the publishing of Rachel Carson’s groundbreaking book
Silent Spring in 1962
. In her book, Carson (1962) highlights the dangers of pesticide use by describing the effects of dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT) on birds of prey including peregrine falcons, osprey, and bald eagles. DDT has since been banned, but many pesticides are still being used today. Proponents for banning pesticides acknowledge that while they may present a short-term solution to issues such as insect infestations, the long-term effects of pesticide exposure cannot be ignored. On the other hand, those in favor of pesticide use argue that the benefits often outweigh the risks, as pesticides are responsible for maximizing crop yields while also reducing the risk of disease in humans and livestock. Within the last 20 years, beekeepers have begun to witness record losses in their bee populations. The phenomenon is known as colony collapse disorder (CCD), and beekeepers affected by CCD have reported losses as high as 50–90%, sometimes within a matter of weeks (Kluser et al., 2010). Research has pointed to pesticide usage, specifically neonicotinoids (neonics), as a potential cause of CCD. According to research, neonicotinoids are used in agriculture to kill pests such as aphids and grubs but are indirectly impacting bees (Pesticide Action Network, 2017). Bees are responsible for pollinating most of the world’s crops, therefore many are advocating for the ban of neonics. However, the opposing side argues that the research naming neonics as the culprit of sudden bee deaths is weak, and that neonics are safe for use. Also, government entities like the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) are concerned about the negative impact a pesticide ban would have on disease control. In addition, the economic impact on farmers due to a loss in crop yields resulting from a pesticide ban would be costly. While there would be an initial cost to explore alternative methods, continuing to expose key pollinators to harmful pesticides should not continue. Therefore, neonicotinoids should not be used due to their harmful effects on bees. Instead, alternatives such as integrated pest management (IPM), should be utilized.
Review of Literature
In order to better understand the controversy concerning neonicotinoid use and its effects on bee populations, it is necessary to revie.
E-screen assay validation: evaluation of estrogenic activity by MCF7 cell cul...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
— Natural and synthetic estrogens have been detected in rivers, lakes and estuaries in many parts of the world. Primary sources of these compounds are domestic and industrial effluents, which are not deleted after the water treatment. Estrogen has been the endocrine disruptor most researched to be very active biologically and be the etiologic agent of diverse types of cancer and other conditions such as endometriosis, precocious puberty, feminization, masculinization, sterility. In this context, we use water of 36 natural reservoirs or dams, in a bioassay to characterize their estrogenicity in culture of MCF7 cells and obtained high concentration of estrogen in samples taken in Ibiúna and Equestrian Santo Amaro / SP. However, certain concentration in our samples for most water samples from different regions was very close to the limit of quantification by bioassay and estrogen was in fmol. It has been shown that e-screen assay with MCF7 cells is a sensitive and stable tool for quantitative analysis of estrogenicity of water and can easily be developed and implemented for routine for estrogen quantification also in animal food and man, aqueous and plastics etc. Keywords— endocrine disrupters, estrogen, breast cancer cells, (MCF7) bioassay: E-screen assay
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
1. Pharmaceutics in the Environment Aditya Parmar Alejandro Azuaje Ecotoxicology and Enviromental Analytics
2. Outline Pharmaceuticals in Environment Kinds of Pharmaceutics and Their Effects Pharmaceutics Action Method and Examples Case Study: Story of Indian Vultures 4.1. Vultures Species 4.2. The Problem 4.3. Population Decline and concequences Principle Cause Toxicity Economical Cost Efforts to save the Bird
4. Introduction of pharmaceutics in the environment Excedents Human pharmaceutics Veterinarian pharmaceutics Waste Purines Waste water Soil Landfills Treatment plants Underground water Surface waters Consuming water http://upcommons.upc.edu/pfc/bitstream/2099.1/4885/4/03_Mem%C3%B2ria.pdf
15. Principle cause Post mortem examinations showed that the majority of dead vultures had visceral gout, due to kidney damage. NO evidence of viral or bacterial infectious disease, pesticides, poisons, heavy metals, or nutritional deficiency. Researchers tested the theory that vultures were encountering a toxin while feeding on livestock carcasses (their main food source). Surveys of veterinarians and pharmacists identified diclofenac as a recently introduced and widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), known to be toxic to the kidneys of mammals.
16. Principle cause The drug is cheap (less than US$1 for a course) and widely used in the treatment of inflammation, pain and fever in livestock. The key diclofenac breakthrough was made in 2003 , lead by Professor Lindsay Oaks from Washington State University, USA Extensive research has followed up on this work, establishing the same correlation.
17.
18.
19. Toxicity Dead birds were often characterised by the presence of extensive kidney failure. Further investigation showed that diclofenac was fatal to vultures at 10 percent of the recommended mammal dose. The study found that 85 percent of 259 vultures examined had died of visceral gout, a condition caused by renal failure.
22. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is the world's main authority on the conservation status of species.
23. Cost of loosing vultures Over the 14 year period from 1993-2006 the estimated total cost of the health costs attributable to vulture declines is a staggering US$ 34 billion. Reference: Ecological Economics- 03130
24. Efforts to save the bird Banning Diclofenac Breeding centres Research programs on population monitoring and toxicity of other drugs Awareness Programs Short Video Clip
25. References Karl Fent and Others. Ecotoxicology of Human Pharmaceuticals. Switzerland. 2005. Pag. 122-159. www.wikipedia.com www.vulturerescue.org www.wikipedia.com www.vulturerescue.org http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14745453 http://www.birdlife.org/action/science/species/asia_vulture_crisis/diclofenac.html Environment International 33 (2007) 759–765 Nature. 2004 Feb 12;427(6975):630-3. Ecological Economics http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=happy-fish-go-hungry http://e360.yale.edu/content/feature.msp?id=2263