This document provides guidance on developing strong writing skills, including sentence structure, vocabulary, and narrative techniques. It emphasizes varying sentence structures and lengths, using vivid verbs and descriptive adjectives, and incorporating literary devices like similes, metaphors, and personification. Examples are given of different sentence constructions and how to apply sensory details and paragraph structure. The document also discusses writing style and tone, with brief examples of three different styles.

1. Original Writing
Coursework
Last one!!

2. Skills
• You will have to focus on your
sentence structure
• Varied punctuation to create
specific effects
• The structure of the narrative
• Varied vocabulary to create
specific effects.

3. Sentence Structure
Little
variety in
sentence
structures
Skilful
control in the
construction
of varied
sentence
forms

4. -ly, -ing, -ed
• I walked through the dark alley and suddenly
a hand reached out and grabbed my shoulder.
• Suddenly a hand reached out and grabbed my
shoulder as I walked down the dark alley.
• I was breathing deeply as I crept through the
deep, dark wood.
• Breathing deeply, I crept through the deep,
dark wood.
• I was trapped and could not see a way out.
• Trapped! I could see no way out.

5. Vary your sentence
starters
• He walked to the door. He opened it
and looked inside. He saw a large…..
How could you make this
passage more interesting
by changing the sentence
starters?? Once done-
finish of the paragraph
with two or three more
sentences.

6. Sentence lengths
• Simple, Compound, Complex
• Short and long
• A short sentence can be 1 word long!

7. Using all 5 sentence variations:
write one paragraph about this
picture

8. Use of Language
Limited
vocabulary
Extensive
vocabulary

9. Don’t even bother using!
• Walked/walk-
• Said-
• Nice/good-
• Bad-
• Never start sentences with so/and/then-
in fact- try not to use them mid sentence
if you can!

10. Try
• He was unhappy.
• Carefully, he wiped away a glistening tear as he
watched her turn away and move purposely towards
the door.
• He was nice
• She was a kind person
• He was happy
• The wind blew hard
• She sat in a tree waiting for her friend
• He walked to school
• The dog barked
• It was sunny
• He was angry

11. Describe each of these images using powerful
adjectives and the techniques we have learnt
today

12. Techniques
SENSES
Sight
Sound
Smell
Touch
Taste
CHOICE OF WORDS
Adjectives
Onomatopoeia
Alliteration
Assonance
sibilance
DEVICES
Metaphor
Juxtaposition
Simile
Pathetic fallacy
Personification

13. Poetic Techniques
• Simile- When you compare one thing to something else using
the words ‘as’ or ‘like’.
• Alliteration- When the first letter of the words are the
same.
• Personification- When make something which isn’t human
sound human.
• Onomatopoeia- A word which sounds like the noise it makes.
• Sibilance- Words characterized by, or producing a hissing
sound like that of (s) or (sh)
• Assonance- Resemblance of sound, especially of the vowel
sounds in words
• Metaphor- A comparison between essentially unlike things
without an explicitly comparative word such as like or as.

14. Come up with one simile, one metaphor
and one personification for each image

15. Paragraphs
Broadly
appropriate
paragraphing
Skilfully
sustained
paragraphing

16. So, when do you start a
new one?
Person
Place
Topic
Time
Tiptop

17. Senses and tense
• Describe - as appropriate to the scene -
what you saw, heard, tasted, smelt and
felt - that is, use 'sensory description';
• notice 'saw', 'heard': be safe and stick
to writing about a past time!
– present tense writing can be exciting to read
but it's far too easy to forget the time frame
of the present and flip back into the past -
which is confusing for your reader and loses
many marks.
– Unless you are a very sure writer - avoid
writing about 'now' - choose to write about
'then'

18. Describe this
scene relying
ONLY on your
senses

19. Could you do it?
• 1) Pathetic fallacy is when you use
the weather to reflect what is
happening in the scene.
• 2) Juxtaposition is two random
objects/ideas/perspectives moving
in parallel, a technique intended to
stimulate creativity
• 3) Satire is to hold up human vices
and follies to ridicule or scorn. Also
can be to use wit, irony, or sarcasm
used to expose and discredit vice.

20. Pathetic fallacy
• Pathetic Fallacy is very similar to
personification. However, it can also be used
when the weather reflects what is going on in
the scene. Eg.
• If the weather is hot, sunny and there are
people everywhere- it usually represents a
‘happy’ story.
• If the weather is dark, cold and stormy-
you can usually guess that something bad is
going to happen.

22. Objective: Can I write in different styles?
What are the effects of different writing
styles?
• Shattered! Can barely move myself anymore. The
slow process of age, chasing me my whole life, is
finally to have it’s day of victory.
• All around, ever silent, ever invisible, ever lasting.
The source of all life yet never appreciated as
the world moves by as always. Yet when I am
present, they can see, they can feel and they
cannot run.
• Yeah! This lot are well boring- seriously! Don’t
care less bout this rubbish- I wanna run!

24. Example
• The window smashed, sending glass flying in all
directions. Flames burst into the room. I ducked,
keeping my body as low as I could, trying
desperately to avoid the smoke that was
advancing rapidly across the ceiling. I scanned
the room for other exits and was relieved to see
a small window on the far wall. The smoke was
getting thicker and started slowly descending to
the floor. My mind shouted, ‘Move!’. Taking a deep breath of
clean air, possibly my last, I pushed away from the wall to safety. As
I struggled to open the window, I felt my heart pounding. My lungs
screamed for air. The smoke descended and I worked blind, my
eyes stinging. I pulled franticly at the catches, felt them give and
tumbled out onto the ground below. I felt the heat
escaping from the open window above and
started to crawl slowly away.

27. Structure
Organisation
of the
material is
simple
Sophisticated
control of the
text
structure