YHEC presented on Improving search efficiency for economic evaluations in major databases using semantic technology at the HTAi conference in Dublin in 2010
Considering metrics for NHS Library ServicesAlan Fricker
The document discusses metrics that are used to measure the performance of NHS library services. A survey was conducted to understand the types of metrics currently in use. The most commonly reported metrics involved usage data for resources like e-journals and databases, as well as turnaround times for document delivery and literature searches. Cost per download was also widely cited as it can be used to inform decision making and demonstrate value. The variety of metrics indicated that services are looking for ways to show their impact, satisfy stakeholders, and gain insights into user behavior.
This Slideshare discusses the current state, technical and workflow challenges, and the future state of Patient Generated Health Data. Learn more: https://accntu.re/2KeGkZ6
This document provides information about quantitative method assignment help services. It discusses the challenges students face with quantitative method assignments and how experts can help. It then outlines different types of quantitative methods like experimental research, survey research, content analysis, and meta-analysis. For each method it provides a brief definition and example. Finally, it discusses why students should use this service and highlights features like 24/7 support, plagiarism free work, and experienced experts.
The document discusses primary healthcare (PHC) models and their associated outcomes based on various studies. It identifies 4 common PHC models from industrialized countries - professional, community, professional coordination, and professional contact models. A study in Quebec identified 6 PHC organization models. Different models are associated with varying effects on outcomes like quality, responsiveness, equity, accessibility, and continuity. No single model performs best or worst on all outcomes. Combining elements of different models may achieve desired effects.
This talk is presented at Bio-inspiring and evolutionary computation: Trends, applications and open issues workshop, 7 Nov. 2015 Faculty of Computers and Information, Cairo University
This document discusses reliability and validity in research. It provides definitions for both terms: reliability refers to consistency of measurement, while validity refers to the degree to which a measurement accurately reflects the concept being measured. The document notes that reliability is ensured by eliminating errors in data collection methods and tools, and through pre-planning including measuring tool reliability. Validity is achieved by properly defining what is being measured and selecting tools that accurately measure the concept. Factors like outdated data or improper measurement tools can undermine reliability and validity. The document also provides four unique web sources for information on reliability and validity, with only one allowed to be Wikipedia.
Roel Morales Magda completed a 2-week course in Data Analytics for Decision Making: An Introduction to Using Excel through Bond University. The course taught learners how to manage and analyze data in Excel in order to inform real-life decisions. It covered topics such as descriptive statistics, probability, ethics, and using data analytics tools like Excel in a business context. Roel achieved an overall score of 88% and received a Certificate of Achievement for successful completion of the course.
This document discusses innovation in livestock systems to enhance the livelihoods of livestock-dependent poor people. It defines innovation and how ILRI adds value through projects that situate work in broader contexts. It examines changing livestock systems and challenges, the need for enhanced ability to innovate through knowledge use, and characterization of livestock innovation contexts. The document also discusses policy, institutional environments, actors and arrangements that drive innovation, as well as principles, partnerships, management, communication, sustainability, intensification challenges, and ILRI's current portfolio and outcomes.
Considering metrics for NHS Library ServicesAlan Fricker
The document discusses metrics that are used to measure the performance of NHS library services. A survey was conducted to understand the types of metrics currently in use. The most commonly reported metrics involved usage data for resources like e-journals and databases, as well as turnaround times for document delivery and literature searches. Cost per download was also widely cited as it can be used to inform decision making and demonstrate value. The variety of metrics indicated that services are looking for ways to show their impact, satisfy stakeholders, and gain insights into user behavior.
This Slideshare discusses the current state, technical and workflow challenges, and the future state of Patient Generated Health Data. Learn more: https://accntu.re/2KeGkZ6
This document provides information about quantitative method assignment help services. It discusses the challenges students face with quantitative method assignments and how experts can help. It then outlines different types of quantitative methods like experimental research, survey research, content analysis, and meta-analysis. For each method it provides a brief definition and example. Finally, it discusses why students should use this service and highlights features like 24/7 support, plagiarism free work, and experienced experts.
The document discusses primary healthcare (PHC) models and their associated outcomes based on various studies. It identifies 4 common PHC models from industrialized countries - professional, community, professional coordination, and professional contact models. A study in Quebec identified 6 PHC organization models. Different models are associated with varying effects on outcomes like quality, responsiveness, equity, accessibility, and continuity. No single model performs best or worst on all outcomes. Combining elements of different models may achieve desired effects.
This talk is presented at Bio-inspiring and evolutionary computation: Trends, applications and open issues workshop, 7 Nov. 2015 Faculty of Computers and Information, Cairo University
This document discusses reliability and validity in research. It provides definitions for both terms: reliability refers to consistency of measurement, while validity refers to the degree to which a measurement accurately reflects the concept being measured. The document notes that reliability is ensured by eliminating errors in data collection methods and tools, and through pre-planning including measuring tool reliability. Validity is achieved by properly defining what is being measured and selecting tools that accurately measure the concept. Factors like outdated data or improper measurement tools can undermine reliability and validity. The document also provides four unique web sources for information on reliability and validity, with only one allowed to be Wikipedia.
Roel Morales Magda completed a 2-week course in Data Analytics for Decision Making: An Introduction to Using Excel through Bond University. The course taught learners how to manage and analyze data in Excel in order to inform real-life decisions. It covered topics such as descriptive statistics, probability, ethics, and using data analytics tools like Excel in a business context. Roel achieved an overall score of 88% and received a Certificate of Achievement for successful completion of the course.
This document discusses innovation in livestock systems to enhance the livelihoods of livestock-dependent poor people. It defines innovation and how ILRI adds value through projects that situate work in broader contexts. It examines changing livestock systems and challenges, the need for enhanced ability to innovate through knowledge use, and characterization of livestock innovation contexts. The document also discusses policy, institutional environments, actors and arrangements that drive innovation, as well as principles, partnerships, management, communication, sustainability, intensification challenges, and ILRI's current portfolio and outcomes.
The real-world observational study experts of Covance Market Access draw upon decades of industry and academic experience using real-world data to develop and synthesize evidence to support your product's value story.
This document discusses quality management and risk management in healthcare. It defines key terms like continuous quality improvement, total quality management, and quality assurance. It also outlines the six steps of the quality improvement process: identify needs, assemble team, collect data, establish outcomes, select and implement plan, and evaluate. The document then presents a case study where a hospital unit sees an increase in patient falls. It walks through the risk management and quality improvement processes the unit would take to address the problem, like assembling an interprofessional team, collecting fall data, establishing outcomes to reduce falls, and creating and evaluating a fall prevention plan.
CPL Business Consultants provides market and technology consulting services and strategic business advice to clients in the food, agriculture, and biotechnology industries. They have a team of experienced consultants with scientific backgrounds and expertise in relevant fields. Their services include strategic analysis, market assessments, technology evaluations, and action plans to help clients identify opportunities and develop effective business strategies. They have over 120 clients globally, most of which are medium to large companies in the food/health ingredients, biotechnology, and agriculture sectors.
Perceptions of the Nursing Faculty Towards the Development of eTest GeneratorGeePatrimonio
The document discusses a study conducted to ascertain the acceptance level of an eTest Generator as an eLearning tool among faculty and administration of Silliman University's College of Nursing. 26 respondents participated in a survey assessing the perceived usefulness and ease of use of the eTest Generator based on the Technology Acceptance Model. The study found that respondents perceived the eTest Generator as a useful and somewhat easy to use eLearning tool. There was also a significant positive relationship between perceived usefulness and ease of use. It is highly recommended that Silliman University develop and deploy the eTest Generator to realize its strategic plan of integrating eLearning.
Applied Statistics, with Emphasis on Risk Management in R&D, QA/QC, and Manuf...GlobalCompliancePanel
The 2-day seminar explains how to apply statistics to manage risk in R&D, QA/QC, and Manufacturing, with examples derived mainly from the medical device design/manufacturing industry. The flow of topics over the 2 days is as follows:
This document outlines a coaching process for an MSL (Medical Science Liaison) to help a physician develop an investigator-initiated trial. The MSL would clarify goals with the physician, determine internal and external obstacles, assess required skills, and create an action plan with short and long-term goals. The plan involves multiple meetings over 10 weeks to draft the proposal, address obstacles, develop needed skills, and finalize the proposal to align with both the physician and company's goals. The ultimate measurement of success would be company approval of the investigator-initiated trial.
A presentation delivered by Eric Schneider MD, FACP at the Association of American Medical Colleges' 2018 Integrating Quality Conference. Dr. Schneider presented as part of the "Building Capacity for Quality Improvement & Clinical Innovation at AMCs" panel.
Panel Description:
Clinical innovation and continuous quality improvement are critical to success in today’s health care system with its shift to value-based care delivery and financing models. While there is a need to implement, evaluate, and scale successful QI efforts and clinical innovations, there is wide variation in how health systems are supporting this work. This session will include presentations by leaders from three AMCs describing their institutions’ various approaches to supporting QI and innovation activities, including staffing, funding, evaluation, and scaling. The session will begin with an overview of a proposed framework for understanding the differences and intersections between QI, implementation, systems redesign, and innovation. The speakers will then share their perspectives on some of the core organizational competencies needed to support QI and innovation activities, including opportunities for career pathways. Finally, there will be an opportunity for participants to share their own successes and challenges to supporting QI and innovation at their institutions, and to provide feedback on opportunities for continuing this work.
A/B testing from basic concepts to advanced techniquesAnatoliy Vuets
This document outlines a presentation on A/B testing and statistical learning. It discusses A/B testing as a way to make inferences about populations based on experimental data. The key concepts covered include the null and alternative hypotheses (H0 and H1), significance levels, power, and common mistakes in A/B testing like early stopping and misinterpreting p-values. The presentation also discusses Bayesian approaches to A/B testing by setting prior distributions and updating beliefs based on experimental data and posteriors. It notes that while the frequentist framework is more mature, the Bayesian framework helps address practical issues that can occur with frequentist A/B testing.
The document discusses the challenges of clinical trial budgeting using tools like Excel that lack clinical intelligence for scenario planning. It notes that ClearTrial clinical trial budgeting software allows creating multiple accurate budgets for "what-if" scenarios. User quotes praise ClearTrial for addressing budgeting issues, enhancing cost assessment abilities, and producing highly accurate budgets. The document promotes ClearTrial for its embedded global intelligence, pre-built assumptions, and ability to shorten outsourcing timelines and accelerate planning.
This document discusses investigator-initiated trials (IITs) and the roles and responsibilities of companies that provide funding and/or study drugs for IITs. It notes that companies should not lead the design or outcomes of IITs, but can review protocols to ensure scientific soundness and safety. It warns of potential legal issues if funding is perceived as a kickback or aimed at encouraging off-label use. The document provides recommendations for effective IIT program planning and communication with investigators.
Laatsit - Towards a typology of innovation system practicesinnovationoecd
This document summarizes a study on innovation system evaluation practices across EU member states. The researchers conducted interviews with heads of innovation policy in 28 EU countries to develop a typology of system evaluation approaches. They identified four types of approaches: 1) permanent evaluation structures with centralized institutional support, 2) permanent structures with decentralized support, 3) ad hoc evaluation exercises, and 4) no dedicated evaluation. The majority of countries fell into types 3 and 4. The study aims to provide empirical evidence on different system evaluation models used in policymaking across Europe.
This document summarizes work to develop an improved search filter to more rapidly identify reports of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in Embase for inclusion in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Methods included developing and validating a sensitive search filter using reference sets of known RCTs. The updated 2015 filter identified RCTs with over 97.6% sensitivity compared to the previous Cochrane filter. Future work includes exploring text mining and crowdsourcing to further improve identification of RCTs for inclusion in CENTRAL.
The document outlines a journey to three major US cities - Boston, New York, and Washington D.C. Over several days, it details the hotels, locations visited, and estimated costs in each city. In Boston, locations included Bunker Hill Monument and the Museum of Fine Arts. In New York, sites such as Times Square, Central Park, and the Statue of Liberty are mentioned. Washington D.C. highlights include the White House, National Mall, and various memorials. Restaurants are also named in each location. The total estimated cost of the trip is $34,912.
Research conducted into this question relating to the ClinicalTrials.gov database and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform will be reported.
La norme IEEE754 définit la représentation en mémoire et les règles de calcul pour les nombres flottants.
IEEE754 est utilisée par la plupart des langages informatiques.
Cette norme induit des effets de bord qui provoquent des résultats erronés lors de certaines opérations mathématiques.
Matthew Taylor and Alexandra Filby present on:
- What drives the outcomes in oncology models?
- Relationship between clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness
- Development of a tool to visualise the impact of survival on cost-effectiveness
- Evaluation of various scenarios
Objectives: Economic evaluations typically include all costs relevant to a disease. This is particularly relevant to oncology modelling, as costs are assigned to each health state in the model, and, therefore, extending survival also increases costs. Because patients often incur higher healthcare costs in the post-progressed state of disease where costs of disease management are high, extending survival and increasing a patient’s time in the post-progressed stage can be particularly costly. The objective of this research was to investigate the methodology used in oncology modelling, and to determine the effect that this has on predicted cost-effectiveness.
Methods: A simple three-state economic model was produced with with ten key parameters to calculate the ICERs associated with various combinations of inputs. Extensive scenario and multiway sensitivity analyses were carried out to document informative patterns and relationships between parameters that affected the results. Specifically, the model tested the impact of: (i) the relative duration of progression-free survival and post-progression survival, (ii) the shape and scale of parametric coefficients for survival, (iii) the impact of treatment duration and (iv) the time-dependency of post-progression costs.
Results: The paper presents the concept of a ‘natural ICER’, the value towards which the results tend as survival is indefinitely increased. Results showed that the ‘natural ICER’ is independent of the model design and the choice of survival inputs, and is driven purely by the cost and utility of the post-progressed state. In some cases with higher post-progression costs, the likelihood of a treatment being cost-effective decreased as the effectiveness of the treatment improved. The results demonstrate circumstances in which no matter how effective a treatment is and how low the price is, it will not be cost-effective.
Conclusions: The results demonstrate that when a treatment is not cost-effective, it is not always due to the pricing or effectiveness of the treatment. These results are due to the disease area (high post-progression background costs and low post-progression utility). For many oncology treatments whose primary aim is to extend survival, this impact can be prohibitive to an intervention’s probability of being cost-effective.
YHEC is a health economics consortium that provides consultancy services and outcomes research to support decision making for the NHS and public sector. Their services include economic modeling, patient-centered outcomes research, health technology appraisal, and bespoke training. One case study describes how YHEC developed an economic model for Bart's Health NHS Trust that quantified potential benefits of a specialist Cardiovascular Centre, showing reduced mortality and efficiency savings. The business case was subsequently approved based on these findings.
The real-world observational study experts of Covance Market Access draw upon decades of industry and academic experience using real-world data to develop and synthesize evidence to support your product's value story.
This document discusses quality management and risk management in healthcare. It defines key terms like continuous quality improvement, total quality management, and quality assurance. It also outlines the six steps of the quality improvement process: identify needs, assemble team, collect data, establish outcomes, select and implement plan, and evaluate. The document then presents a case study where a hospital unit sees an increase in patient falls. It walks through the risk management and quality improvement processes the unit would take to address the problem, like assembling an interprofessional team, collecting fall data, establishing outcomes to reduce falls, and creating and evaluating a fall prevention plan.
CPL Business Consultants provides market and technology consulting services and strategic business advice to clients in the food, agriculture, and biotechnology industries. They have a team of experienced consultants with scientific backgrounds and expertise in relevant fields. Their services include strategic analysis, market assessments, technology evaluations, and action plans to help clients identify opportunities and develop effective business strategies. They have over 120 clients globally, most of which are medium to large companies in the food/health ingredients, biotechnology, and agriculture sectors.
Perceptions of the Nursing Faculty Towards the Development of eTest GeneratorGeePatrimonio
The document discusses a study conducted to ascertain the acceptance level of an eTest Generator as an eLearning tool among faculty and administration of Silliman University's College of Nursing. 26 respondents participated in a survey assessing the perceived usefulness and ease of use of the eTest Generator based on the Technology Acceptance Model. The study found that respondents perceived the eTest Generator as a useful and somewhat easy to use eLearning tool. There was also a significant positive relationship between perceived usefulness and ease of use. It is highly recommended that Silliman University develop and deploy the eTest Generator to realize its strategic plan of integrating eLearning.
Applied Statistics, with Emphasis on Risk Management in R&D, QA/QC, and Manuf...GlobalCompliancePanel
The 2-day seminar explains how to apply statistics to manage risk in R&D, QA/QC, and Manufacturing, with examples derived mainly from the medical device design/manufacturing industry. The flow of topics over the 2 days is as follows:
This document outlines a coaching process for an MSL (Medical Science Liaison) to help a physician develop an investigator-initiated trial. The MSL would clarify goals with the physician, determine internal and external obstacles, assess required skills, and create an action plan with short and long-term goals. The plan involves multiple meetings over 10 weeks to draft the proposal, address obstacles, develop needed skills, and finalize the proposal to align with both the physician and company's goals. The ultimate measurement of success would be company approval of the investigator-initiated trial.
A presentation delivered by Eric Schneider MD, FACP at the Association of American Medical Colleges' 2018 Integrating Quality Conference. Dr. Schneider presented as part of the "Building Capacity for Quality Improvement & Clinical Innovation at AMCs" panel.
Panel Description:
Clinical innovation and continuous quality improvement are critical to success in today’s health care system with its shift to value-based care delivery and financing models. While there is a need to implement, evaluate, and scale successful QI efforts and clinical innovations, there is wide variation in how health systems are supporting this work. This session will include presentations by leaders from three AMCs describing their institutions’ various approaches to supporting QI and innovation activities, including staffing, funding, evaluation, and scaling. The session will begin with an overview of a proposed framework for understanding the differences and intersections between QI, implementation, systems redesign, and innovation. The speakers will then share their perspectives on some of the core organizational competencies needed to support QI and innovation activities, including opportunities for career pathways. Finally, there will be an opportunity for participants to share their own successes and challenges to supporting QI and innovation at their institutions, and to provide feedback on opportunities for continuing this work.
A/B testing from basic concepts to advanced techniquesAnatoliy Vuets
This document outlines a presentation on A/B testing and statistical learning. It discusses A/B testing as a way to make inferences about populations based on experimental data. The key concepts covered include the null and alternative hypotheses (H0 and H1), significance levels, power, and common mistakes in A/B testing like early stopping and misinterpreting p-values. The presentation also discusses Bayesian approaches to A/B testing by setting prior distributions and updating beliefs based on experimental data and posteriors. It notes that while the frequentist framework is more mature, the Bayesian framework helps address practical issues that can occur with frequentist A/B testing.
The document discusses the challenges of clinical trial budgeting using tools like Excel that lack clinical intelligence for scenario planning. It notes that ClearTrial clinical trial budgeting software allows creating multiple accurate budgets for "what-if" scenarios. User quotes praise ClearTrial for addressing budgeting issues, enhancing cost assessment abilities, and producing highly accurate budgets. The document promotes ClearTrial for its embedded global intelligence, pre-built assumptions, and ability to shorten outsourcing timelines and accelerate planning.
This document discusses investigator-initiated trials (IITs) and the roles and responsibilities of companies that provide funding and/or study drugs for IITs. It notes that companies should not lead the design or outcomes of IITs, but can review protocols to ensure scientific soundness and safety. It warns of potential legal issues if funding is perceived as a kickback or aimed at encouraging off-label use. The document provides recommendations for effective IIT program planning and communication with investigators.
Laatsit - Towards a typology of innovation system practicesinnovationoecd
This document summarizes a study on innovation system evaluation practices across EU member states. The researchers conducted interviews with heads of innovation policy in 28 EU countries to develop a typology of system evaluation approaches. They identified four types of approaches: 1) permanent evaluation structures with centralized institutional support, 2) permanent structures with decentralized support, 3) ad hoc evaluation exercises, and 4) no dedicated evaluation. The majority of countries fell into types 3 and 4. The study aims to provide empirical evidence on different system evaluation models used in policymaking across Europe.
This document summarizes work to develop an improved search filter to more rapidly identify reports of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in Embase for inclusion in the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Methods included developing and validating a sensitive search filter using reference sets of known RCTs. The updated 2015 filter identified RCTs with over 97.6% sensitivity compared to the previous Cochrane filter. Future work includes exploring text mining and crowdsourcing to further improve identification of RCTs for inclusion in CENTRAL.
The document outlines a journey to three major US cities - Boston, New York, and Washington D.C. Over several days, it details the hotels, locations visited, and estimated costs in each city. In Boston, locations included Bunker Hill Monument and the Museum of Fine Arts. In New York, sites such as Times Square, Central Park, and the Statue of Liberty are mentioned. Washington D.C. highlights include the White House, National Mall, and various memorials. Restaurants are also named in each location. The total estimated cost of the trip is $34,912.
Research conducted into this question relating to the ClinicalTrials.gov database and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform will be reported.
La norme IEEE754 définit la représentation en mémoire et les règles de calcul pour les nombres flottants.
IEEE754 est utilisée par la plupart des langages informatiques.
Cette norme induit des effets de bord qui provoquent des résultats erronés lors de certaines opérations mathématiques.
Matthew Taylor and Alexandra Filby present on:
- What drives the outcomes in oncology models?
- Relationship between clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness
- Development of a tool to visualise the impact of survival on cost-effectiveness
- Evaluation of various scenarios
Objectives: Economic evaluations typically include all costs relevant to a disease. This is particularly relevant to oncology modelling, as costs are assigned to each health state in the model, and, therefore, extending survival also increases costs. Because patients often incur higher healthcare costs in the post-progressed state of disease where costs of disease management are high, extending survival and increasing a patient’s time in the post-progressed stage can be particularly costly. The objective of this research was to investigate the methodology used in oncology modelling, and to determine the effect that this has on predicted cost-effectiveness.
Methods: A simple three-state economic model was produced with with ten key parameters to calculate the ICERs associated with various combinations of inputs. Extensive scenario and multiway sensitivity analyses were carried out to document informative patterns and relationships between parameters that affected the results. Specifically, the model tested the impact of: (i) the relative duration of progression-free survival and post-progression survival, (ii) the shape and scale of parametric coefficients for survival, (iii) the impact of treatment duration and (iv) the time-dependency of post-progression costs.
Results: The paper presents the concept of a ‘natural ICER’, the value towards which the results tend as survival is indefinitely increased. Results showed that the ‘natural ICER’ is independent of the model design and the choice of survival inputs, and is driven purely by the cost and utility of the post-progressed state. In some cases with higher post-progression costs, the likelihood of a treatment being cost-effective decreased as the effectiveness of the treatment improved. The results demonstrate circumstances in which no matter how effective a treatment is and how low the price is, it will not be cost-effective.
Conclusions: The results demonstrate that when a treatment is not cost-effective, it is not always due to the pricing or effectiveness of the treatment. These results are due to the disease area (high post-progression background costs and low post-progression utility). For many oncology treatments whose primary aim is to extend survival, this impact can be prohibitive to an intervention’s probability of being cost-effective.
YHEC is a health economics consortium that provides consultancy services and outcomes research to support decision making for the NHS and public sector. Their services include economic modeling, patient-centered outcomes research, health technology appraisal, and bespoke training. One case study describes how YHEC developed an economic model for Bart's Health NHS Trust that quantified potential benefits of a specialist Cardiovascular Centre, showing reduced mortality and efficiency savings. The business case was subsequently approved based on these findings.
Continued Use Of IDAs And Knowledge AcquisitionMicheal Axelsen
The effects of continued use of intelligent decision aids upon auditor procedural knowledge
Student: Micheal Axelsen
Supervisor: Professor Peter Green, Dr Fiona Rohde
ABSTRACT
This research proposal builds upon the theory of technology dominance (Sutton & Arnold 1998), which has as one of its propositions that the continued use of intelligent decision aids may have the effect of deskilling auditors over time. A theoretical contribution is made through a consideration of this effect through the operation of the anchoring and adjustment heuristic (Epley & Gilovich, 2006; Kowalczyk & Wolfe, 1998; Tversky & Kahnemann, 1974) and cognitive load theory (Mascha & Smedley, 2007; Sweller, 1988). The anchoring and adjustment heuristic is a technique used by people in judgment tasks to remove cognitive burden. In making a judgment, the assessor ‘anchors’ upon the first value provided in making an estimate, and then ‘adjusts’ this estimate until a ‘reasonable’ estimate is reached. This heuristic has the effect of a systematic adjustment bias in the final estimate made. Cognitive load theory finds that an expert uses different and more efficient problem-solving strategies as a result of their past experiences in comparison to the novice. The expert draws upon their experience with past problems to develop their problem-solving strategies. Theoretically the argument is developed that the professional auditor’s ability to develop efficient problem-solving strategies is reduced as a result of their use of the anchoring and adjustment heuristics encouraged by the continued use of intelligent decision aids.
It is proposed that this integrated theory be empirically tested through a series of semi-structured interviews with audit professionals and a survey of public sector auditors designed to test the developed theoretical model. This investigation will consider the role of the continued use of intelligent decision aids and any deskilling effect such use may have upon auditor ‘know-how’, or procedural knowledge.
The contributions of this proposed research are several. Firstly, a theoretical contribution is made through extension and reconciliation of the theory of technology dominance with the anchoring and adjustment heuristic and cognitive load theory. Secondly, a practical contribution is made by extension of the testing of the theory to the field rather than experimentally. A third practical contribution is made through an empirical test of the theory of technology dominance in the context of procedural knowledge (auditor ‘know-how’), which has not previously been tested.
The High Quality Data Gathering System EssayDivya Watson
The document discusses challenges with collecting quality clinical data in China and the United States. In China, there is a lack of systematic monitoring and no reliable clinical quality data gathering system. Some data is collected through infrequent national health surveys. In the US, quality of care measurement is also lacking given the large size of the healthcare sector. Tools and methods must be developed to effectively measure and monitor healthcare quality and costs.
Can systematic reviews help identify what works and why?Carina van Rooyen
This document discusses systematic reviews (SRs) as a tool to evaluate the impact of development interventions. It notes calls from funders to demonstrate what works using evidence-based approaches. While randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are often advocated, SRs are presented as a way to overcome some of RCTs' limitations. The document summarizes a SR conducted by the authors on the impact of microfinance in sub-Saharan Africa. It took a pragmatic approach, including a variety of study designs and developing a causal pathway to understand impact. The SR found microfinance has the potential to benefit the poor but also identified challenges, calling for more and better evaluations.
This document outlines the objectives and structure of a training on Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) skills and expertise for researchers. The training aims to build M&E capacity among researchers to strengthen development evaluation. It will cover M&E framework and tool development, as well as program and project evaluation. The training is expected to equip researchers with M&E skills and expertise to become M&E specialists or professional research consultants.
LASA 2—Company Analysis Report RubricNOTE If a componen.docxDIPESH30
This document outlines a rubric for evaluating a company analysis report assignment. It provides scoring criteria for various components of the report across four levels of achievement: unsatisfactory, emerging, proficient, and exemplary. The components include synthesizing data to provide a strategic overview of the company, analyzing the supply chain, creating a performance improvement plan, explaining results of improvements, configuring data on human resources strategy, and writing mechanics. For each component, the rubric describes what is included at each achievement level in terms of content, examples, evidence, and organization.
Principles for good metrics: theory to practiceAlan Fricker
My presentation from the Health Libraries Group 2016 conference #hlg2016. Examines range of publications around impact measures and quality assurance mostly from within libraries and higher education. Uses these to establish a set of four over arching principles for considering metrics - Meaningful, Actionable, Reproducible and Comparable. Discusses these with a worked example using a metrics creation / recording template.
The mission statement sets the direction and priority for developing and implementing the quality plan. It clearly states the nature of the organization’s commitment to quality and should then be tied to the organizational operations through programs, projects, actions and rewards/recognition.
A cost-benefit analysis worksheet is used to evaluate the costs and benefits of upgrading a health information system. It involves identifying gaps between the current system and future needs, analyzing costs and benefits of upgrading or not upgrading the system, and determining how evolving business trends may impact upgrade decisions. The analysis is used to make recommendations about whether to implement an upgraded system based on whether the benefits outweigh the costs. Patient decision aids can help involve patients in healthcare decisions by informing them of treatment options and helping them understand risks and benefits. This improves patient-centered care and shared decision making.
Chapter 14: certifications
IT Framework standards
ITIL – Information Technology Infrastructure Library
ISO – International Standards Organization
COBIT – Control Objectives for Information and Related Technologies
CMMI – Capability Maturity Model Integration
Benefits of certification
Companies showcase their certifications as a means to show your plans are tested
Certifications build confidence in the plan
Increase value for the company to be certified
ITIL
Information Technology Infrastructure Library was created in 1980s to bring order to its various data operations
Eventually evolved into a broad body of knowledge
Emphasis on service management
Certifies the individual who creates and implements the program
ITIL - SLA
ITIL is based on service-level agreements (SLAs)
SLAs govern IT support for everyday incident resolution
SLA are periodically analyzed
Periodic performance reports are issued to all parties
SLA are updated based upon business needs
ITIL – Discipline Areas
Business Impact Analysis
Business Continuity Strategy
Specific recovery actions, written disaster recovery plan, proactive plan of business resilience, testing plan, training plan
Manager is appointed to lead the effort
Program remains active to keep plans current
ISO
International Standards Organization contains several standards:
ISO22300: Societal security – terminology
ISO 22301: Societal security – business
ISO 22313: Societal security – business continuity management systems
ISO 22317: Societal security – business continuity management systems – guidelines for BIA
ISO 22398: Societal security – guidelines for exercises
Clause 4: Company’s context
Clause 4 requires the company to understand the needs of all critical stakeholders
1. Review with legal advisor what is required to meet regulatory obligations
2. Ask the Board for their guidance for disaster recovery and business continuity planning
3. Review how the DR/BCP program fits with the company’s business strategies and goals
4. Talk to your customers to learn what they expect in a crisis
5. Talk to employees
Clause 5: Leadership
Examine top management involvement and it the appropriate leadership support is provided at all levels
1. Issue appropriate company policies supporting the program
2. provide the necessary resources for the program
3. Generate company-side support
Clause 6: Planning
Expands the DR/BCP program scope into specific objectives
Well-written objective has measurable criteria
Project plan to create DR/BCP is drafter
Clause 7: support
Identifies the requirements for supporting the ongoing program
Ensure that the personnel tasked with supporting the various recovery plans understand their role and responsibilities
Ensure that people who run the program have the proper training
Create a documented and tested plan to communicated with significant stakeholders
Clause 8: Operations
Details the basic document ...
An empirical performance evaluation of relational keyword search systemsBrowse Jobs
The document presents an empirical performance evaluation of relational keyword search systems. It evaluates 7 relational keyword search techniques and finds that many existing techniques do not provide acceptable performance for realistic retrieval tasks. In particular, memory consumption prevents many search techniques from scaling to datasets with more than tens of thousands of vertices. The evaluation also explores how factors varied in previous studies have relatively little impact on performance. The work confirms that existing systems have unacceptable performance and underscores the need for standardization in evaluating these retrieval systems.
Highlights from ExL Pharma's Proactive GCP ComplianceExL Pharma
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2) An example PICO(T) question asks if healthcare providers can decrease overuse of antibiotics for urinary tract infections in elderly patients through proper testing versus improper testing over three months.
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Term Paper OutlineTopic Benefits of data analytics for extern.docxjacqueliner9
Term Paper Outline
Topic: Benefits of data analytics for external audit
Thesis Statement: There exist benefits of data analytics for external audit.
1) The value to the audit comes from the analysis
i) Using external market price to re- price investments
ii) Interest and foreign exchange rates, changes in GDP, and other growth metrics can also be used in analytical procedures.
2) Data analytics could enhance audit quality
i) The ability to graphically visualize results
ii) Ease of use by non-specialists
iii) Scale and speed
3) Data analytics work best where a business has been through a process of transformation
i) Communications becoming easier
ii) Audit effort being spread over the year rather than concentrated at the year end.
References
American Accounting Association. Auditing. [Sarasota, Fla.]: [Auditing Section of the American Accounting Association], 1981. <http://aaahq.org/ic/browse.htm>.
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Benefits of Data Analytics for External Audit
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Improving search efficiency for economic evaluations in major databases using semantic technology
1. Improving search efficiency
for economic evaluations in
major databases using
semantic technology
Julie Glanville, Carol Lefebvre, Pamela
Negosanti, Bill Porter
jmg1@york.ac.uk
Oct 2010
2. Overview
Why are we interested in economic evaluations?
Can economic evaluations be identified efficiently at
present?
This research project
Methods
Results
Discussion
Next steps
3. Why are we interested in
economic evaluations?
Systematic reviews and technology assessments frequently
consider cost-effectiveness as well as effectiveness outcomes
This information is published in economic evaluations
Cost-effectiveness analyses
Cost-utility analyses
Cost-benefit analyses
Issues in identifying reports of economic evaluations
Poor reporting
abstracts may contain terms which signal an economic evaluation but not an
explicit term
Economics is often mentioned in passing in abstracts
Increases number of irrelevant records retrieved
4. Can economic evaluations be
identified efficiently?
In healthcare databases
Yes and No
Specific economic evaluation databases are available (NHS
EED and HEED)
BUT may need to carry out top up/supplementary searches
in large bibliographic databases
Beyond healthcare
Seem to be no economic evaluation databases
Need to search large bibliographic databases such as ERIC
and Criminal Justice Abstracts
6. Can search filters help?
In healthcare databases
Many search filters
search filters to find economic evaluations in EMBASE and
MEDLINE achieve high sensitivity (100%) (1)
BUT they have poor precision (less than 4%): very high proportion
of irrelevant studies are retrieved (1)
Beyond health
Few filters available
Issues of precision likely to be similar to health
(1)Glanville J, Kaunelis D,Mensinkai S.How well do search filtersperform in identifying
economic evaluations in MEDLINE and EMBASE. Int J Tech Assess Hlth Care
2009;25:522-529
7. This research project
How can we improve efficiency of retrieval of
economic evaluations in large bibliographic
databases?
Traditional Boolean approaches don’t seem to be
helping
Indexing isn’t very helpful at present
Can semantic analysis software help?
Collaboration with Expert System to explore potential
for identifying economic evaluations using their
Cogito software
9. Semantic analysis
Analysis hat assigns a meaning, a sense, to a syntactic
structure and consequently to a linguistic unit, according
to the knowledge contained in the semantic network.
10. Methods
Gold standard set of 1950 economic evaluation records
(published 2000, 2003, 2006)
identified from NHS EED and then downloaded from MEDLINE.
Comparator set of 4136 matching MEDLINE records for the 3
years (2000, 2003, 2006)
not economic evaluations
But identified using the NHS EED filter
Loaded into Cogito
Divided randomly into test sets and validation sets
Used in-built semantic analysis and also created new rules to
categorise economic evaluations to categorise records as
economic evaluations or non-economic evaluations
12. Results
Test set
(Gold Standard
records=975)
(Comparator records =
2068)
Validation set
(Gold Standard
records=975)
(Comparator records =
2068)
Number of gold standard (GS)
records retrieved 975 975
Number of comparator records
retrieved 203 385
Sensitivity
(number GS retrieved/number of
GS records) 100% 100%
Precision
(number of GS retrieved/number
of records retrieved) 82.77% 71.69%
14. Discussion
Cogito performs as well as Boolean searching in terms of
sensitivity
Cogito has a much improved precision score compared to
performance of Boolean filters
Over 70% (Cogito) compared to under 10% (Glanville et al)
Cogito performs well ‘out of the box’
Although early training efforts did not improve precision, further
exploration might yield improved results
15. Next steps
Identifying funding to carry out further exploration
Exploring economic evaluation identification optimisation further
Exploring the effects of importing results from a range of databases into
Cogito
Exploring whether semantic analysis has potential to achieve
improvements in retrieval of other hard to find research where filters do
not perform well
diagnostic test accuracy studies and quality of life research
Exploring the potential of semantic analysis for analysing records
by study design obtained from a range of databases in healthcare,
social care, education and criminal justice contexts
in-built rules are database independent.
16. For further information
Julie Glanville, York Health Economics
Consortium
jmg1@york.ac.uk
Bill Porter at Expert System
http://www.expertsystem.net/
bporter@expertsystem.net
Editor's Notes
Improving search efficiency for economic evaluations in major databases using semantic technology&quot; by Glanville, Julie; Lefebvre, Carol; Porter, Bill; Negosanti, Pamela,