A general interest to reduce fossil fuel consumption and to limit combustion
emissions, increase the efficiency of combustion chambers. One of the most important
processes in a gas turbine combustor, influencing to a large extent the efficiency of the
entire combustion process is the mixing between a swirling annular jet (primary air) and
the non-swirling inner jet (fuel).In normal swirling combustor, primary swirling air is
only supplied to the chamber and is mixed with the fuel but we here introduce a small
duct in the chamber containing a small amount of air without swirl and make it to mix
with the fuel and the primary swirling air. We have modified the design of the swirl
combustor by introducing a bluff body over the flow of the turbulent jet through which the
turbulent air will pass causing the axial velocity. For the purpose of simulation of the
required model of swirl combustor we are using the recent tools like ANSYS, ICEM, CFD
and FLUENT software’s. Using these tools the numerical investigation has been done.
The various values that are obtained are compared with the previous results of the swirl
combustor and the increase in the efficiency of the combustion has been noted
Comparative Study of ECONOMISER Using the CFD Analysis IJMER
This paper presents a simulation of the economizer zone, which allowsstudying the flow
patterns developed in the fluid, while it flows along the length of the economizer. The past failure
details revelsthat erosion is more in U-bend areas of Economizer Unit because of increase in flue gas
velocity near these bends. But it isobserved that the velocity of flue gases surprisingly increases near
the lower bends as compared to upper ones. The model issolved using conventional CFD techniques by
FLUENT software. In which the individual tubes are treated as sub-gridfeatures. A geometrical model
is used to describe the multiplicity of heat-exchanging structures and the interconnectionsamong them.
The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach is utilised for the creation of a three-dimensional
modelof the economizer coil of single column tube. With equilibrium assumption applied for
description of the system chemistry. The flue gastemperature, pressure and velocity field of fluid flow
within an economizer tube using the actual bounda
Comparative Study of ECONOMISER Using the CFD Analysis IJMER
This paper presents a simulation of the economizer zone, which allowsstudying the flow
patterns developed in the fluid, while it flows along the length of the economizer. The past failure
details revelsthat erosion is more in U-bend areas of Economizer Unit because of increase in flue gas
velocity near these bends. But it isobserved that the velocity of flue gases surprisingly increases near
the lower bends as compared to upper ones. The model issolved using conventional CFD techniques by
FLUENT software. In which the individual tubes are treated as sub-gridfeatures. A geometrical model
is used to describe the multiplicity of heat-exchanging structures and the interconnectionsamong them.
The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach is utilised for the creation of a three-dimensional
modelof the economizer coil of single column tube. With equilibrium assumption applied for
description of the system chemistry. The flue gastemperature, pressure and velocity field of fluid flow
within an economizer tube using the actual bounda
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Combustion and Mixing Analysis of a Scramjet Combustor Using CFDijsrd.com
The present study is to determine flow field in the three-dimensional scramjet engine combustor with coupled implicit NS equations, the standard k-ε turbulence model are used and the finite-rate/eddy-dissipation reaction model has to be applied to simulate numerically for the flow field of the hydrogen, diesel and methane fueled scramjet combustor with a planer strut flame holder under two different working conditions, the working condition include the cold flow and engine ignition. ANSYS Fluent software is used to solve the analysis, with hot and cold inlet velocities, the mach number for air and fluids are 2 and 1 respectively, inflow fluids are varied as hydrogen, diesel and methane. Due to combustion the recirculation region behind the wedge becomes larger as compared to mixing case and it acts as a flame holder for the methane (CH4), hydrogen (H2) and diesel (C10H22) diffusion. It is also evident from the simulation studies; the combustion affects the flow field significantly. The leading edge shock reflected off the upper and lower combustor walls facilitates on setting of combustion when it hits the wake in a region where large portions of the injected fuel have been mixed up with the air. The pressure, velocity and temperature distributions along the geometry are estimated and discussed.
Solar air heater (SAH), which is the most essential component of solar drying systems, receive solar energy and convert it into thermal energy. This review presents descriptions and previous works conducted on performances analysis of SAHs. Exergoenviroeconomic, exergoenvironmental, environmental, and exergy analyses are also presented. In addition, results on the performances of SAHs are summarized. The exergy and energy efficiencies of SAHs at laboratorium testing range from 8% to 61% and from 30% to 79%, respectively.
Numerical Simulation of Flow in a Solid Rocket Motor: Combustion Coupled Pres...inventionjournals
Acomputational study is performed for the simulation of reactive fluid flow in a solid rocket motor chamber with pressure dependent propellant burning surface regression. The model geometry consists of a 2D end burning lab-scale motor. Complete conservation equations of mass, momentum, energy and species are solved with finite rate chemistry. The pressure dependent regressive boundary in the combustion chamber is treated by use of remeshing techniques. Hydrogen and propane combustion processes are examined. Time dependent pressure and burning rate variations are illustrated comprehensively. Temperature and species mass fraction variations are given within the flame zone. Temperature, velocity and density distributions are compared for both constant burning rate and pressure dependent burning rate simulations.
MODELLING FOR CROSS IGNITION TIME OF A TURBULENT COLD MIXTURE IN A MULTI BURN...ijcsa
The impact of Cross Ignition process (CI) in the gas turbine operation and environmental issue is still
investigated for extending the efficiency of gas turbine engines and meanwhile decreasing the environment
pollution.This paper presents various constructive influential parameters and analysis of their related
interaction during CI. A developed computational model for determination of cross-ignition time (CIT) is
proposed, based on previous relevant models for thermal analysis and for distinguishing of heat fluxes in
combustion processes.
Due to the first analysis of theoretical results, experimental investigation for various operating conditions
were essential to validate the developed computational model of the CIT. Thus, a simple experimental test
rig is designed for this purpose, and for validation of certain conditions of the computational model.
Meanwhile, for expanding the investigations in higher energy conversion and reducing expensive testprocedures,
that are conducted during critical test running, a new strategy is proposed for simulating the
thermal heat fluxes throughout the burners compartment model by implementation of Computational Fluid
Dynamic (CFD).
Finally, new constructive criteria based on the validated investigations will enable the future generation of
gas turbine combustors to operate in critical conditions.
Application of Parabolic Trough Collectorfor Reduction of Pressure Drop in Oi...IJMER
Pipelines are the least expensive and most effective method for the oil transportation.
Due to high viscosity of crude oil, the pressure drop and pumping power requirements are very high.
So it is necessary to bring down the viscosity of crude oil. Heated pipelines are used reduce the oil
viscosity by increasing the oil temperature. Electrical heating and direct flame heating are the common
method used for heating the oil pipeline. In this work, a new application of Parabolic Trough Collector
in the field of oil pipeline transport is introduced for reducing pressure drop in oil pipelines. Oil
pipeline is heated by applying concentrated solar radiation on the pipe surface using a Parabolic
Trough Collector in which the oil pipeline acts as the absorber pipe. 3-D steady state analysis is
carried out on a heated oil pipeline using commercial CFD software package ANSYS Fluent 14.5. In
this work an effort is made to investigate the effect of concentrated solar radiation for reducing
pressure drop in the oil pipeline. The results from the numerical analysis shows that the pressure drop
in oil pipeline is get reduced by heating the pipe line using concentrated solar radiation. From this
work, the application of PTC in oil pipeline transportation is justified.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
The CFD Analysis of Turbulence Characteristics in Combustion Chamber with Non...IOSR Journals
Abstract : Co-Axial jets have applications in areas where the mixing of two fluid jets are necessary, the two
fluid jets can be effectively mixed by producing the turbulence flow. Turbulence is a chaotic behavior of the fluid
particles that comes in to picture when the inertia force of the flow dominates the viscous force and it is
characterized by the Reynolds Number. Co-axial jets are effective in producing the turbulence. In the present
study the free compressible turbulent coaxial jet problem will be computed using CFD, and compare with
different non circular coaxial jets based on constant hydraulic diameter and mass flow rate. Turbulence
characteristics of combustion chamber with circular coaxial and non circular coaxial jets are determined and
compared.
Keywords: Coaxial Jet, Turbulence Modeling, Fuel injector, Combustion chamber.
This paper addresses the numerical simulation of
helically coiled closed loop pulsating heat pipe which is carried
in ANSYS Fluent. The values of thermal resistance for
constant heat fluxes vs. transient heat fluxes are analyzed.
Phase change visualization after the end of simulation is
carried out to observe the phenomenon in liquid at its
saturation temperature and pressure. Finally, helical heat
pipes are found to have thermal resistance less by 2.7K/W,
0.56 K/W, and 0.227 K/W for 8W, 40W and 80W heat inputs
than circular pipes. Helical heat pipes are found more efficient
than circular heat pipes.
An approach to evaluate the heat exchanger retrofit for installed industrial ...eSAT Journals
Abstract This paper is the first part of a two-part study aiming to introduce a new integrated approach to evaluate the techno-economic value of recuperator retrofit on existing gas turbine engines. The original gas turbines are designed for combined cycles so that the pressure ratios are moderate to secure suitable exhaust temperatures. One way to enhance the thermal efficiency of some gas turbines is by using recuperation to recover some of the exhaust heat. In this part, the developed model is described and implemented for two gas turbine engines so the obtained characteristics are evaluated against the actual data. The new approach will assist users to select the suitable gas turbine models with favorable recuperator characteristics based on a technical and economic prospective. Besides, the performance results are used to design an appropriate shell and tube heat exchanger. Moreover, a new technique has been established to define the typical heat exchanger parameters in order to ensure the highest possible improvements over the original cycles. One of the main features of this method is that it depends only on the velocity of hot and cold heat exchanger streams from which the rest of the heat exchanger design and performance characteristics were derived. Key Words: integrated approach, techno-economic value, recuperation, shell and tube heat exchanger, velocity
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Combustion and Mixing Analysis of a Scramjet Combustor Using CFDijsrd.com
The present study is to determine flow field in the three-dimensional scramjet engine combustor with coupled implicit NS equations, the standard k-ε turbulence model are used and the finite-rate/eddy-dissipation reaction model has to be applied to simulate numerically for the flow field of the hydrogen, diesel and methane fueled scramjet combustor with a planer strut flame holder under two different working conditions, the working condition include the cold flow and engine ignition. ANSYS Fluent software is used to solve the analysis, with hot and cold inlet velocities, the mach number for air and fluids are 2 and 1 respectively, inflow fluids are varied as hydrogen, diesel and methane. Due to combustion the recirculation region behind the wedge becomes larger as compared to mixing case and it acts as a flame holder for the methane (CH4), hydrogen (H2) and diesel (C10H22) diffusion. It is also evident from the simulation studies; the combustion affects the flow field significantly. The leading edge shock reflected off the upper and lower combustor walls facilitates on setting of combustion when it hits the wake in a region where large portions of the injected fuel have been mixed up with the air. The pressure, velocity and temperature distributions along the geometry are estimated and discussed.
Solar air heater (SAH), which is the most essential component of solar drying systems, receive solar energy and convert it into thermal energy. This review presents descriptions and previous works conducted on performances analysis of SAHs. Exergoenviroeconomic, exergoenvironmental, environmental, and exergy analyses are also presented. In addition, results on the performances of SAHs are summarized. The exergy and energy efficiencies of SAHs at laboratorium testing range from 8% to 61% and from 30% to 79%, respectively.
Numerical Simulation of Flow in a Solid Rocket Motor: Combustion Coupled Pres...inventionjournals
Acomputational study is performed for the simulation of reactive fluid flow in a solid rocket motor chamber with pressure dependent propellant burning surface regression. The model geometry consists of a 2D end burning lab-scale motor. Complete conservation equations of mass, momentum, energy and species are solved with finite rate chemistry. The pressure dependent regressive boundary in the combustion chamber is treated by use of remeshing techniques. Hydrogen and propane combustion processes are examined. Time dependent pressure and burning rate variations are illustrated comprehensively. Temperature and species mass fraction variations are given within the flame zone. Temperature, velocity and density distributions are compared for both constant burning rate and pressure dependent burning rate simulations.
MODELLING FOR CROSS IGNITION TIME OF A TURBULENT COLD MIXTURE IN A MULTI BURN...ijcsa
The impact of Cross Ignition process (CI) in the gas turbine operation and environmental issue is still
investigated for extending the efficiency of gas turbine engines and meanwhile decreasing the environment
pollution.This paper presents various constructive influential parameters and analysis of their related
interaction during CI. A developed computational model for determination of cross-ignition time (CIT) is
proposed, based on previous relevant models for thermal analysis and for distinguishing of heat fluxes in
combustion processes.
Due to the first analysis of theoretical results, experimental investigation for various operating conditions
were essential to validate the developed computational model of the CIT. Thus, a simple experimental test
rig is designed for this purpose, and for validation of certain conditions of the computational model.
Meanwhile, for expanding the investigations in higher energy conversion and reducing expensive testprocedures,
that are conducted during critical test running, a new strategy is proposed for simulating the
thermal heat fluxes throughout the burners compartment model by implementation of Computational Fluid
Dynamic (CFD).
Finally, new constructive criteria based on the validated investigations will enable the future generation of
gas turbine combustors to operate in critical conditions.
Application of Parabolic Trough Collectorfor Reduction of Pressure Drop in Oi...IJMER
Pipelines are the least expensive and most effective method for the oil transportation.
Due to high viscosity of crude oil, the pressure drop and pumping power requirements are very high.
So it is necessary to bring down the viscosity of crude oil. Heated pipelines are used reduce the oil
viscosity by increasing the oil temperature. Electrical heating and direct flame heating are the common
method used for heating the oil pipeline. In this work, a new application of Parabolic Trough Collector
in the field of oil pipeline transport is introduced for reducing pressure drop in oil pipelines. Oil
pipeline is heated by applying concentrated solar radiation on the pipe surface using a Parabolic
Trough Collector in which the oil pipeline acts as the absorber pipe. 3-D steady state analysis is
carried out on a heated oil pipeline using commercial CFD software package ANSYS Fluent 14.5. In
this work an effort is made to investigate the effect of concentrated solar radiation for reducing
pressure drop in the oil pipeline. The results from the numerical analysis shows that the pressure drop
in oil pipeline is get reduced by heating the pipe line using concentrated solar radiation. From this
work, the application of PTC in oil pipeline transportation is justified.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
The CFD Analysis of Turbulence Characteristics in Combustion Chamber with Non...IOSR Journals
Abstract : Co-Axial jets have applications in areas where the mixing of two fluid jets are necessary, the two
fluid jets can be effectively mixed by producing the turbulence flow. Turbulence is a chaotic behavior of the fluid
particles that comes in to picture when the inertia force of the flow dominates the viscous force and it is
characterized by the Reynolds Number. Co-axial jets are effective in producing the turbulence. In the present
study the free compressible turbulent coaxial jet problem will be computed using CFD, and compare with
different non circular coaxial jets based on constant hydraulic diameter and mass flow rate. Turbulence
characteristics of combustion chamber with circular coaxial and non circular coaxial jets are determined and
compared.
Keywords: Coaxial Jet, Turbulence Modeling, Fuel injector, Combustion chamber.
This paper addresses the numerical simulation of
helically coiled closed loop pulsating heat pipe which is carried
in ANSYS Fluent. The values of thermal resistance for
constant heat fluxes vs. transient heat fluxes are analyzed.
Phase change visualization after the end of simulation is
carried out to observe the phenomenon in liquid at its
saturation temperature and pressure. Finally, helical heat
pipes are found to have thermal resistance less by 2.7K/W,
0.56 K/W, and 0.227 K/W for 8W, 40W and 80W heat inputs
than circular pipes. Helical heat pipes are found more efficient
than circular heat pipes.
An approach to evaluate the heat exchanger retrofit for installed industrial ...eSAT Journals
Abstract This paper is the first part of a two-part study aiming to introduce a new integrated approach to evaluate the techno-economic value of recuperator retrofit on existing gas turbine engines. The original gas turbines are designed for combined cycles so that the pressure ratios are moderate to secure suitable exhaust temperatures. One way to enhance the thermal efficiency of some gas turbines is by using recuperation to recover some of the exhaust heat. In this part, the developed model is described and implemented for two gas turbine engines so the obtained characteristics are evaluated against the actual data. The new approach will assist users to select the suitable gas turbine models with favorable recuperator characteristics based on a technical and economic prospective. Besides, the performance results are used to design an appropriate shell and tube heat exchanger. Moreover, a new technique has been established to define the typical heat exchanger parameters in order to ensure the highest possible improvements over the original cycles. One of the main features of this method is that it depends only on the velocity of hot and cold heat exchanger streams from which the rest of the heat exchanger design and performance characteristics were derived. Key Words: integrated approach, techno-economic value, recuperation, shell and tube heat exchanger, velocity
A SIMULATE MODEL FOR ANALYZING THE EFFECT OF ENGINE DESIGN PARAMETERS ON THE ...Barhm Mohamad
A mathematical and simulation model has been developed to simulate a spark ignition engine
operation cycle. The programme written from this simulation model and modified so can be used to
assist in the design of a spark ignition engine for alternative fuels as well as to study many design
parameters such as the effect of engine design parameter like stroke and diameter of the cylinder on
the performance and exhaust emissions of spark ignition engines
CFD ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIZER TO OPTIMIZE HEAT TRANSFER IAEME Publication
Economizer is the best mechanical component which is used for trapping the heat of flue gasses. Economizers can be best applied in electricity generating power plants. Best way of
utilisation of flue gas heat is by transferring it to the boiler feed water. Hence economizers are designed in such a way that feed water is allowed to pass the economizer through pipes. Economizer shell is completely filled with the flue gasses. There is a cross flow heat exchange process takes place between boiler feed water and flue gas.
Cfd Studies of Two Stroke Petrol Engine ScavengingIJERA Editor
This project deals with the numerical analysis of 2 stroke engine scavenging in two cases. One with an existing condition (Flat headed pistons) and another with a new design (Dome headed piston) .The numerical analysis is done with help of CFD software ANSYS FLUENT 14.5. Here, the modeling of engine piston with flat headed type and with dome headed types was done in workbench. In ANSYS FLUENT after the geometrical design, for the dynamic motion meshing is used and set up species transport model also. At first the scavenging effect of flat headed piston is analyzed. Later the simulation of piston with dome headed type was also checked. Analyzing the variations from each and selected the best method for scavenging. Finally the scavenging efficiency is calculated for both type arrangements.
Performance evaluation and flame stabilization of stagnation point reverse fl...eSAT Journals
Abstract
The conventional gas turbine engines use straight flow combustors. The reverse-flow layout effectively uses the air flow to cool down the combustor liner and the transition piece as a counter flow heat exchanging process. The absorbed heat by the air is returned back to the system. The reverse flow configuration causes the flow to stagnate and hot products to reverse and leave the combustor.
One of the major challenges facing designers of low NOx emission combustion systems is flame stability, as the weaker combustion process is more vulnerable to small perturbations in combustor operating conditions. Since further reduction of NOx will likely require even leaner mixtures, schemes for lean stability extension must be considered. Stability can be dependent on the balance between flow and flame propagation velocities. In combustors where combustion is limited by reaction rates, however practical combustors do not operate in either limit. To stabilize a flame in the desired region of interest, various stabilization methodologies are adopted that either enhance the flame propagation speeds or create zones with low velocities where a flame can be sustained for inspection of premixed flame stability in Stagnation Point Reverse Flow combustor model, using Computational Fluid dynamics(CFD). The CFD analysis yielded the results which go with actual experimental results.
Keywords: combustor, stagnation, flame stability, reverse flow, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) etc..
Optimization of time step and cfd study of combustion in di diesel engineeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
The blowoff limits and flashback limits for different diameter to length rati...Jameel Tawfiq
A 129 kWh swirl gas burner was used, where the effect of the burner geometry on the operation window was studied. Using LPG. The length of the burner edge was studied by taking three values of length (5 cm, 10 cm and 15 cm) which represent the ratio (1,2 and 3) to the diameter of the burner respectively. To enhance the combustion stability a swirl vane guide was used to obtain swirl flow and improve the flame structure. The result show that the increase in length of burner neck will decrease the swirl coherent structure and turn the flow to diffusion flow which increase the ability to have boundary layer flashback. However with the limit of burner used, increasing the length of burner neck gives a good result in blowoff side by bush it to leaner limits around ɸ=0.38 but in term of flashback it will bring it to leaner limits too, which is not preferable.. Although, this improvement is linked to the fuel type in first place but the flow structure has a significant impact on flame stability.
Validation of Experimental and Numerical Techniques for Flow Analysis over an...IJERA Editor
The impact of improvement in vehicle aerodynamics mainly reflects in lower fuel consumption and lower carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere. The governments of many countries support continuous aerodynamics’ improvement programs as a way of mitigating the energy crisis and atmospheric pollution. This work has the main goal to validate experimental and numerical techniques for application in road vehicles. The experimental results were obtained through the analysis of the flow around a standard body with simple geometry called Ahmed Body, using hot wire anemometry from experiments in wind tunnel. It was also proposed a computational validation using a commercial software (Star CCM +) to further analyze the flow and to corroborate the experimental results. Both results were compared and allowed characterizing the flow around the vehicle. The results obtained analyzing the Ahmed Body aimed further application on aerodynamics of heavyduty vehicles, which is an ongoing research being developed at the Experimental Aerodynamics Research Center – CPAERO, in Brazil.
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
A MULTIPLE – CHANNEL QUEUING MODELS ON FUZZY ENVIRONMENTIAEME Publication
In this paper, we investigated a queuing model of fuzzy environment-based a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) and study its performance under realistic conditions. It applies a nonagonal fuzzy number to analyse the relevant performance of a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS). Based on the sub interval average ranking method for nonagonal fuzzy number, we convert fuzzy number to crisp one. Numerical results reveal that the efficiency of this method. Intuitively, the fuzzy environment adapts well to a multiple channel queuing models (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) are very well.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
#vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore#blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #blackmagicforlove #blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #Amilbabainuk #amilbabainspain #amilbabaindubai #Amilbabainnorway #amilbabainkrachi #amilbabainlahore #amilbabaingujranwalan #amilbabainislamabad
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
2. A.Ravinthiran, V. Prasanna, B. Karthik, V. Naveen, Mohammed Suhail and S. Hayagreevan
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 131 editor@iaeme.com
1. INTRODUCTION
Nitrogen oxides (NOx) generate photochemical smog and haze, therefore controlling these gases
is crucial for the air quality in the lower atmosphere. In addition, in the higher atmosphere, NOx
is a precursor to destroy the ozone and as such, e.g. airplanes flying at cruising altitudes contribute
to the depletion of the ozone layer. Although vehicle emissions are responsible for a substantial
part of NOx emissions, many stationary sources that burn natural gas also emits significant
amount of NOx. Domestic heating appliances more and more use natural gas burners at the
expense of coal or oil red equipment for reasons of easy maintenance, compactness, availability
of the fuel and the common sense of using a cleanfuel. Natural gas burners used in boilers and
furnaces in many cases provide the heat for manufacturing, industrial processing or space
conditioning. Today, the recently developed high efficient power plants apply modern gas turbine
technology that makes use of natural gas. A growing concern about good air quality drives the
search for low emission combustion techniques. Simultaneously increasing the thermal efficiency
is also of equal importance in order to reduce the total amount of energy consumed. Conventional
natural gas combustion easily produces NOx in the order of several hundreds of mg/Nm3 in boiler
utilities. In high temperature environments, such as furnaces and ovens, the uncontrolled NOx
levels reach thousands of mg/Nm3.
The mixing of the swirling annular jet (primary air) and the non-swirling inner jet (fuel)
represents one of the most important processes in a gas turbine swirl combustor, influencing to a
large extent the efficiency of the entire combustion process [1, 3]. A recirculation zone generated
in the center of a swirl combustor enhances flame stability and is a usual design concept of
combustors. Additionally, the flow field is influenced by the effects of combustion in several
ways. Even restricting the attention only to the isothermal case, an exceedingly complex flow
pattern arises, exhibiting several simultaneously occurring phenomena. Numerous experimental
investigations serving for years as benchmarks for computational methods and turbulence model
validation have been conducted in the past. Swirl flows are widely used in various technical
devices and technological processes especially in the reacting flow, where the existence of
recirculation zones leads into the increase of efficiency of chemical reaction and stabilization of
processes. Due to the permanent increase in the development of these devices, experimental
investigation and mathematical modeling of swirl turbulent flow are very important. For the
purpose of computer simulation of gaseous fuel burners and combustion chambers a
mathematical model and numerical solution procedure, for the prediction of the turbulent swirl
flow with heat and mass transfer for combustion in two-dimensional geometries: plane and
axisymmetrical was developed [5-7]. In this work the model was applied to the analysis of swirl
combustion chamber. The separated re-circulating flow which is established in the near vicinity
of bluff bodies can be used to stabilize flames in high velocity reactant streams. There had been
many experimental investigations carried out to study the bluff body wakes. The details of
aerodynamics of the near wake are crucial to the description of the mechanism of stabilization.
For example, the size of the recirculation zone affects the rate of production of hot burnt products
and the mixing between these products and the reactants is governed by the turbulence in the free
shear layers.
2. EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
2.1 Swirl chamber
It consists of a spherical chamber located in the cylinder head and separated from the engine
cylinder by a tangential throat as shown in Fig. 1.
3. Numerical Investigation of Mixing Property of Fuel and Air in Swirl Combustor
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 132 editor@iaeme.com
Figure 1 Combustion in a swirl chamber.
About 50% of the air enters the swirl chamber during the compression stroke of the engine,
producing a swirl. After combustion, the products return through the same throat to the main
cylinder at much higher velocity. So more heat loss to walls of the passage takes place[4]. This
type of chamber finds application in engines in which fuel control and engine stability are more
important than fuel economy. Here in this project we have made an blockage to make it rotate
with the direction of the swirl and with no rotation of the swirl.
2.2 Turbulence Modeling In CFD
A turbulence model is a computational procedure to close the system of mean flow equations.
For most engineering applications it is unnecessary to resolve the details of the turbulent
fluctuations. Turbulence models allow the calculation of the mean flow without first calculating
the full time-dependent flow field. We only need to know how turbulence affected the mean flow.
In particular we need expressions for the Reynolds stresses. For a turbulence model to be useful
it must have wide applicability, be accurate, simple, and economical to run.
Common turbulence models based on Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations
(time averaged):
1. Zero equation models: mixing length model.
2. One equation model: Spalart-Almaras.
3. Two equation models: k-ε style models (standard, RNG, realizable), k-ω model, and
ASM.
4. Seven equation model: Reynolds stress model.
The number of equations denotes the number of additional PDEs that are being solved.
2.2.1 Mixing Length Model
On dimensional grounds one can express the kinematic turbulent viscosity as the product of a
velocity scale and a length scale If we then assume that the velocity scale is proportional to the
length scale and the gradients in the velocity (shear rate, which has dimension 1/s) we can derive
Prandtl’s (1925) mixing length model Algebraic expressions exist for the mixing length for
simple 2-D flows, such as pipe and channel flow.
2.3 Spalart-Allmaras One-Equation Model
Solves a single conservation equation (PDE) for the turbulent viscosity. This conservation
equation contains convective and diffusive transport terms, as well as expressions for the
production and dissipation of νt Developed for use in unstructured codes in the aerospace
4. A.Ravinthiran, V. Prasanna, B. Karthik, V. Naveen, Mohammed Suhail and S. Hayagreevan
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 133 editor@iaeme.com
industry. Economical and accurate for: Attached wall-bounded flows and Flows with mild
separation and recirculation. Weak for: Massively separated flows, free shear flows and Decaying
turbulence.
2.3.1 K-Ε Model Discussion
Advantages
Relatively simple to implement.
Leads to stable calculations that converge relatively easily.
Reasonable predictions for many flows.
Disadvantages
Poor predictions for:
swirling and rotating flows,
flows with strong separation,
ax symmetric jets,
Certain unconfined flows, and
Fully developed flows in non-circular ducts.
2.3.2 Improvement: RNG k- ε
k-ε equations are derived from the application of a rigorous statistical technique (Renormalization
Group Method) to the instantaneous Navier-Stokes equations. Similar in form to the standard k-
ε equations but includes
• Additional term in ε equation for interaction between turbulence dissipation and mean
shear.
• The effect of swirl on turbulence.
• Analytical formula for turbulent Prandtl number.
• Differential formula for effective viscosity.
Improved predictions for:
• High streamline curvature and strain rate.
• Transitional flows.
• Wall heat and mass transfer.
But still does not predict the spreading of a round jet correctly.
2.3.3 Improvement: realizable k-ε
• Shares the same turbulent kinetic energy equation as the standard k-ε model.
• Improved equation for ε.
• Variable Cµ instead of constant.
• Improved performance for flows involving
• Planar and round jets (predicts round jet spreading correctly).
• Boundary layers under strong adverse pressure gradients or separation.
• Rotation, recirculation.
• Strong streamline curvature.
5. Numerical Investigation of Mixing Property of Fuel and Air in Swirl Combustor
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 134 editor@iaeme.com
2.3.4 k-ω model
This is another two equation model. In this model ω is an inverse time scale that is associated
with the turbulence. This model solves two additional PDEs
• A modified version of the k equation used in the k-ε model.
• A transport equation for ω.
The turbulent viscosity is then calculated as follows
• Its numerical behavior is similar to that of the k-ε models.
• It suffers from some of the same drawbacks, such as the assumption that µtis isotropic.
2.3.5 Algebraic Stress Model
The same k and ε equations are solved as with the standard k-ε model. However, the Boussinesq
assumption is not used. The full Reynolds stress equations are first derived, and then some
simplifying assumptions are made that allow the derivation of algebraic equations for the
Reynolds stresses. Thus fewer PDEs have to be solved than with the full RSM and it is much
easier to implement. The algebraic equations themselves are not very stable, however, and
computer time is significantly more than with the standard k-ε model. This model was used in
the 1980s and early 1990s. Research continues but this model is rarely used in industry anymore
now that most commercial CFD codes have full RSM implementations available.
2.3.6 Reynolds Stress Model
RSM closes the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations by solving additional transport
equations for the six independent Reynolds stresses. Transport equations derived by Reynolds
averaging the product of the momentum equations with a fluctuating property. Closure also
requires one equation for turbulent dissipation. Isotropic eddy viscosity assumption is avoided.
• Resulting equations contain terms that need to be modeled.
• RSM is good for accurately predicting complex flows.
• Cyclone flows, swirling combustor flows.
• Rotating flow passages, secondary flows.
• Flows involving separation.
2.3.7 Large Eddy Simulation
Large eddy simulation (LES) is a mathematical model for turbulence used in computational. It
was initially proposed in 1963 by Joseph Smagorinsky to simulate atmospheric air currents and
many of the issues unique to LES were first explored by Deardorff (1970) LES grew rapidly and
is currently applied in a wide variety of engineering applications, including combustion,
acoustics, and simulations of the atmospheric boundary layer. LES operates on the Navier-Stokes
equations to reduce the range of length scales of the solution, reducing the computational cost.
The principal operation in large eddy simulation is low-pass filtering. This operation is
applied to the Navier-Stokes equations to eliminate small scales of the solution. This reduces the
computational cost of the simulation. The governing equations are thus transformed, and the
solution is a filtered velocity field. Which of the "small" length and time scales to eliminate are
selected according to turbulence theory and available computational resources.
Large eddy simulation resolves large scales of the flow field solution allowing better fidelity
than alternative approaches such as Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) methods[11-13].
It also models the smallest (and most expensive) scales of the solution, rather than resolving them
as direct numerical simulation (DNS) does. This makes the computational cost for practical
6. A.Ravinthiran, V. Prasanna, B. Karthik, V. Naveen, Mohammed Suhail and S. Hayagreevan
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 135 editor@iaeme.com
engineering systems with complex geometry or flow configurations, such as turbulent jets,
pumps, vehicles, and landing gear, attainable using supercomputers. In contrast, direct numerical
simulation, which resolves every scale of the solution, is prohibitively expensive for nearly all
systems with complex geometry or flow configurations.
2.3.8 Direct Numerical Simulation
A direct numerical simulation (DNS) is a simulation in computational fluid dynamics in which
the Navier-Stokes equations are numerically solved without any turbulence model. This means
that the whole range of spatial and temporal scales of the turbulence must be resolved [8-10]. All
the spatial scales of the turbulence must be resolved in the computational mesh, from the smallest
dissipative scales (Kolmogorov micro scales), up to the integral scale L, associated with the
motions containing most of the kinetic energy.
2.4 CFD Optimization And Mesh Generation
The main process of this project is to create an geometry of the required model to be analysed.
The following steps are been involved in this process Geometry generation, Cleanup Mesh
generation. Different steps of mesh generation is shown in Fig. 2,3. Various grid types can be
generated in an automated or manual way: Pure hexahedral mesh,Tetrahedral / hybrid mesh, Hex-
dominant grids (combination of hexa and tetra elements) The following model is been developed
by using the latest commercial software tool ICEM CFD.The required model geometry has been
created by using the latest software and is been hexa meshed by using the features of the
commercial software
Figure 2 Wireframe of Mesh Generated.
7. Numerical Investigation of Mixing Property of Fuel and Air in Swirl Combustor
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 136 editor@iaeme.com
Figure 3 Mesh around The Bluff.
2.5 Analysis Parameters
The various analysis parameters used are shown in table 1.
2.5.1 Reynolds Number
The flow pattern of the swirl jet has been studied in the near vicinity of the jet exit for three
different inlet annular Reynolds numbers namely 21000, 29000, and 37000. These
Reynolds numbers are selected because of the following reasons:
• For higher Reynolds number in the order of 105
, there is no appreciable effect of
rotation of the cylindrical disc in the flow field.
• In many of the literature it is seen that the experiments were conducted for Reynolds
numbers in the order of 104
to get a beneficial recirculation zone.
• Because of the insensitivity to low dynamic pressure of the pitot tube, the error
involved in calibrating the regions of low velocity below approximately 2 m/s is high.
It happens in the recirculation zone when the Reynolds number in the order of 103
is
used.
2.5.2 Swirl Angle
The swirler design is almost the same as that of the one used by Shi and Chehroudi (1994) which
was used to produce the widest stable flame region. The swirlers with 0, 15, and 30degree slots
were used for the experiment. This includes the one (30 degree) which is similar to what is
employed in industrial furnaces and burners [2].
2.5.3 Speed of Rotation of the Cylindrical Disc
As the main aim of the whole project is to understand the effect of rotation of the cylindrical disc
on the flow field and in order to make correlations of the speed of rotation with the other flow
parameters, experiments were conducted for three speeds namely 0 and 9000 rpm.
Direction of Rotation of the Cylindrical Disc
It is intended to see the difference imparted in the flow field due to the direction of rotation
of the cylindrical disc. Facing the wind tunnel exit, the swirl plate generates a clockwise swirling
flow. By rotating the cylindrical disc in clockwise direction i.e., in the same direction of the swirl,
a co-rotation is made. By rotating it in the opposite direction of the swirl direction, a counter-
8. A.Ravinthiran, V. Prasanna, B. Karthik, V. Naveen, Mohammed Suhail and S. Hayagreevan
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 137 editor@iaeme.com
rotation is made. Hence, in this thesis clockwise rotation (CW) means co-rotation and
counterclockwise rotation (CCW) means counter-rotation.
2.5.4 Blockage Ratio
Blockage ratio is defined as the ratio of the blockage area of the bluff-body to the cross-sectional
area of the outer pipe. The experiment is conducted for a bluff body of diameter d=50 mm; the
diameter of the outer pipe is D=100 mm. Therefore, the blockage ratio is 0.25.
Table 1. Analysis Parameters
Blockage ratio 0.25
Reynolds number 21000,29000,37000
Speed of rotation of the cylindrical disc 0,9500 rpm
Direction of rotation of the cylindrical disc
Co and Counter rotation
with the swirl direction
2.6 Results and Discussion
Table 2. Length of recirculation Zone
Blockage Ratio Swirl Angle No Rotation
Co-Rotation
9500rpm
25
0
0.029 Closed
toroid
0.029 Closed
toroid
30
0.0185 Closed
toroid
0.0625
Open
toroid
45
0.1215
Open
toroid
0.1765
Open
toroid
Table 2 represents the length of recirculation zone for various cases. Generally increases the
swirl number, the length of the recirculation is increased. In this chart counter rotation
recirculation is higher compared to the other because in the counter rotation, swirl number is high
compared to co rotation and no rotation cases.
2.6.1 Review of Recirculation Zone
The recirculation zone represents that is directly proportional to the swirl number for no rotation
case. Also that is noted that the rate of change of recirculation increases with increasing swirl
number whereas in the counter rotation case the vice versa.conversly, the co rotation case is
showing an increasingly swirl number which means the stretching of the recirculation bubble.
2.6.2 Results Analyzed
Here in our part of analysis of fluid flow we have taken two cases in our model that are the no
rotation and the rotation of the cylinder bluff. Here we now discuss the various parameters that
are analyzed by using the commercial software called FLUENT. The various parameters that we
are taken into account are static pressure, total pressure and the axial velocity.
9. Numerical Investigation of Mixing Property of Fuel and Air in Swirl Combustor
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 138 editor@iaeme.com
2.6.3 With No Rotation
Figure 4 Static Pressure At Initial Stage
Figure 5 Static Pressure At Final Stage
Figure 6 Velocity Magnitude AtInitail Stage
10. A.Ravinthiran, V. Prasanna, B. Karthik, V. Naveen, Mohammed Suhail and S. Hayagreevan
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 139 editor@iaeme.com
Figure 7 Velocity Magnitude At Final Stage
Figure 8. Axial Velocity At Initial Stage
Figure 9 Axial Velocity At Final Stage
11. Numerical Investigation of Mixing Property of Fuel and Air in Swirl Combustor
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 140 editor@iaeme.com
Figure 10 Axial Velocity Of Total Model
Figure 11 Axial Velocity At The Blockage
Figure 12 Total Pressure
12. A.Ravinthiran, V. Prasanna, B. Karthik, V. Naveen, Mohammed Suhail and S. Hayagreevan
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 141 editor@iaeme.com
Figure 13 Static Pressure
The above shown diagrams from fig.4 to fig. 13 are belongs to the no rotation of the blockage
cylinder placed in the turbulent jet. The results that are displayed here bought from the
commercial software FLUENT and the animated diagrams are been captured with the help of the
CFD-POST.
2.6.4 with Rotation
The following figures from fig. 14 to fig. 23 shows the blockage with the rotation of the
turbulent jet.
Figure 14. Static Pressure at Initial Stage
13. Numerical Investigation of Mixing Property of Fuel and Air in Swirl Combustor
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 142 editor@iaeme.com
Figure 15 Static Pressure At Final Stage
Figure 16 Velocity Magnitude At Initial Stage
Figure 17 Velocity Magnitude At Final Stage
14. A.Ravinthiran, V. Prasanna, B. Karthik, V. Naveen, Mohammed Suhail and S. Hayagreevan
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 143 editor@iaeme.com
Figure 18 Axial Velocity At Initial Stage
Figure 19 Axial Velocity At Final Stage
Figure 20 Static Pressure
15. Numerical Investigation of Mixing Property of Fuel and Air in Swirl Combustor
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 144 editor@iaeme.com
Figure 21 Total Pressure
Figure 22 Axial Velocity Of Total Model
Figure 23 Axial Velocity at Blockage
2.7 CONCLUSION
The swirl flow favors the recirculation region. The burner there by enchasing the flame stability
and length and also reduced the flame area. This work is initiate by a global approach with respect
to the influence of integrating the swirl burners in compact field heating units. The outcome of
the study state that the use of swirl burners in small confinement allows for low NOX,high
efficiency and high compact units.
16. A.Ravinthiran, V. Prasanna, B. Karthik, V. Naveen, Mohammed Suhail and S. Hayagreevan
http://www.iaeme.com/IJMET/index.asp 145 editor@iaeme.com
Effects of no rotation and rotation
• The spread increases with the increase of the swirl number, thus the entrainment also
increases with the swirl.
• The recirculation length is directly proportional to the swirl number and the rate of
change of increases with increasing swirl number.
Thus here in this work the rotation is showing the beneficial effect of forming a closed toroidal
structure with a stagnation point on the axis even for smaller swirler. The stagnation point is one
of the critical factors in flame stabilization.
REFERENCES
[1] Adi Surjosatyo and Farid Nasir Ani(2011) ,’Study of Enhancing the Swirl Burner
Performance On a Small scale Biomass Gasification’, International Journal of Engineering
& Technology IJET-IJENS ,11, pp. 21-38.
[2] Adi Surjosatyo* and Yudho Danu Priambodho(2011),’Investigation Of Gas Swirl burner
Characteristic On Biomass Gasification system’,JurnalMekanikal,33,pp.15-31.
[3] Chen, R. H., and Driscoll, J. F.’ “The Rule of the Recirculation Vortex in Improving Fuel-Air
Mixing within Swirling Flames’, Twenty-Second Symposium (International) on Combustion,
Combustion Institute, Pittsburgh(1988) ,pp. 531- 440.
[4] Dellenback, P.A., Sanger, J.L. and Metzger, D.E. (1994) ,’Heat transfer in coaxial jet mixing
with swirled inner jet,ASME J. Heat Transfer, 116, pp. 864-870
[5] Kang D M a, F.E.C. Culick a, A. Ratner b(2007),’ Combustion dynamics of a low-swirl
combustor’, Combustion and Flame,151,pp.412-425.
[6] Manuel GarcVillalba, JochenFrÄohlich and Wolfgang Rodi,’ Large Eddy simulation Of An
Annular Swirling Jet With Pulsating Inflow’, University of Karlsruhe,Germany.
[7] Martin Habermehl, Jens Erfurth, Dobrin Toporov, Malte Förster, Reinhold Kneer(2011),’
Experimental and numerical investigations on a swirl oxycoal Flame’ ,Applied thermal
enginenering,pp.1-9.
[8] Maria Grazia DeGiorgi, AldebaraSciolti, StefanoCapilongo, AntonioFicarella, ‘Experimental
and numerical investigations on the effect of different air-fuel mixing strategies on the
performance of a lean liquid fueled swirled Comustor.’ Energy Procedia,101, November
2016, Pages 925-932
[9] Syred N and J.M. Beer, Combustion in Swirling Flow: A Review, Combustion and Flame23
(1974) p. 143-201.
[10] StevanNemoda,VukmanBakic, Simeon Oka, Goran Zivkovic,NenadCrnomarkovic(2005),
‘Experimental and numerical investigation of gaseous fuel combustion in swirl chamber’,
International Journal of Heat and Mass transfer, 48,pp. 4623–4632.
[11] Yang Yang(2010),’ Large Eddy Simulation Of Sydney Swirl Non-Reaction Jets’, Department
of Energy TechnologyAalborg University.
[12] Yehia A. Eldrainy a, Khalid M. Saqr b, Hossam S. Aly a, Mohammad
NazriMohdJaafar(2009),’ CFD insight of the flow dynamics in a novel swirler for gas turbine
combustors’, International Communications in Heat and Mass transfer,36,pp.936-941.
[13] Ying Huang*, Vigor Yang(2005),’ Effect of swirl on combustion dynamics in a lean-
premixed swirl-stabilized combustor’, Proceedings of the Combustion Institute,30,pp. 1775–
1782.