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Idukki district Water Development Plan
- 1. IDUKKI DRINKING WATER SECTOR 119/26/20119/26/2011 Drinking WaterDrinkingWater SectorSector ((IdukkiIdukki District)District)
- 2. IDUKKI DISTRICT ATA GLANCE Number of Panchayaths - 53 Nos. Municipality - 1 Nos. Total population as per 2001 census - 11.29Lakhs 2011 census - 11.07453Lakhs. Total No. of Constituency - 5Nos Total No. of blocks - 8 Nos
- 3. SOURCES IN IDUKKIDISTRICT SL No Source Type 1 Surface water 1.Spring 2.Stream 3.River 4.Reservoirs 2 Ground water 1.Pond 2.Open well 3.Bore well 3 Rain water 1.Rain water harvesting tank Major Rivers in Idukki district Periyar Part of Muvattupuzha (Kaliyar and Thodupuzha) Pampar (east flowing river)
- 4. Major Rivers and damsin Idukki district
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- 8. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Adimali Alacode Arakkulam Ayyappancoil Baisonvally Chakkupallam Chinnakanal Devikulam Edamalakudi Edavetty Elappara Erattayar Idukki- Kamakshy Kanchiyar Kanthalloor Karimannoor Karimkunnam Karunapuram Kattappana Kodikulam Kokkayar Konnathady Kudayathoor Kumaramanga Kumily Manakkad Mankulam Marayoor Mariyapuram Munnar Muttom Nedumkanda Pallivasal Pampadumpar Peerumade Peruvanthana Purapuzha Rajakkad Rajakumari Santhanpara Senapathy Thodupuzha Udumbanchola Udumbannoor Upputhara Vandanmedu Vandiperiyar Vannapuram Vathikudy Vattavada Vazhathope Vellathuval Velliyamattom MCM Net annual GW Availability ExistingGross GW Draft for domestic and industrial water supply Existing Gross GW Draft for all uses
- 9. Rain fall detailsin Idukki Monthly Rainfall data for the period 1996 to 2005 Month Rainfall (mm) at various Rain Gauge Stations Thodupuzha Peerumedu Vandanmedu Munnar January 25.00 16.70 26.80 16.10 February 33.10 36.20 14.00 23.70 March 82.60 56.30 42.50 39.30 April 204.80 135.10 107.60 146.90 May 333.20 313.00 145.50 252.20 June 735.60 927.70 360.80 743.40 July 758.9 1080.60 466.30 1098.20 August 557.10 639.80 310.80 72.80 September 337.10 429.6 188.40 341.7 October 433.70 466.4 229.60 263.1 November 244.50 211.8 157.40 136.3 December 59.50 57.9 57.90 39.6 Total 3805.10 4371.10 2107.60 3173.30
- 10. Water Requirements As pernorms requirement is follows 40 lpcd of drinking water for human beings in rural areas 30 lpcd additional water for cattle’s in areas under the DDP ( Desert Development program ). One hand pump or stand post for every 250 persons Availability of water sources in the habitations are within 1.60 km in the plain and 100 m elevations in hill areas. 140 lpcd for human beings in urban areas
- 13. 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Adimali Arakkulam Baisonvally Chinnakanal Edamalakudi Elappara Idukki-Kanjikuzhi Kanchiyar Karimannoor Karunapuram Kodikulam Konnathady umaramangalam Manakkad Marayoor Munnar Nedumkandam Pampadumpara Peruvanthanam Rajakkad Santhanpara Thodupuzha(M) Udumbannoor Vandanmedu Vannapuram Vattavada Vellathuval %of population coveredby below 40 LPCD %of population covered by Private source % of population covered by LSGI % of population Covered by KWA
- 14. WATER DISTRIBUTION 1. Totalno. of KWA Schemes - 144 2. Total no. of public taps - 4279 3. Total no. of domestic connection (June 2011) – 19,541 4. Total no. of non domestic connection (June 2011) – 1,707 5. Total no. of Industrial connection (June 2011) – 3 6. Total number of benefited population – 4, 00, 000
- 16. COVERAGE OF KWASCHEME IN PANCHAYATH WISE 12949 0.00 10985 0.91% 9607 0.00 11027 58.95% 68205 17.59% 17315 11.55% 5102 0.00 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 POPULATION Chinnakanal Kanthalloor Mankulam Marayoor Munnar Santhanpara Vattavada PANCHAYATH DEVIKULAM BLOCK population KWA Coverage
- 17. COVERAGE OF KWASCHEME IN PANCHAYATH WISE Karunapuram, 26033 1.38% Nedumkandam , 39165 28.09% Pampadumpara , 22548 4.88% Rajakkad, 14984 20.02% Rajakumari , 16303 73.61% Senapathy , 12818 0.78% Udumbanchola, 18325 19.10% 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 POPULATION Karunapuram Pampadumpara Rajakumari Udumbanchola PANCHAYATH NEDUKANDAM BLOCK population KWA Coverage
- 18. COVERAGE OF KWASCHEME IN PANCHAYATH WISE 27440 36.44% 12393 32.28% 34558 46.30% 26357 64.50% 17790 44.41% 45778 41.50% 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 45000 50000 POPULATION Elappara Kokkayar Kumily Peerumade Peruvanthanam Vandiperiyar PANCHAYATH AZHUTHA BLOCK population KWA Coverage
- 19. COVERAGE OF KWASCHEME IN PANCHAYATH WISE 14668 22.50% 20380 40.00% 19097 0.00% 22878 8.74% 39608 25.28% 28953 50.08% 28718 27.86% 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 POPULATION Ayyappancoil Chakkupallam Erattayar Kanchiyar Kattappana Upputhara Vandanmedu PANCHAYATH KATTAPPANA BLOCK population KWA Coverage
- 20. COVERAGE OF KWASCHEME IN PANCHAYATH WISE 20262 59.22% 28504 16.14% 20021 0.00 12675 0.00 28301 30.03% 19502 36.05% 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 POPULATION Arakkulam Idukki- Kanjikuzhi (Part) Kamakshy Mariapuram Vathikudy Vazhathope PANCHAYATH IDUKKI BLOCK population KWA Coverage
- 21. COVERAGE OF KWASCHEME IN PANCHAYATH WISE 9855 25.37% 19301 38.86% 13187 68.25% 11881 54.71% 23452 38.59% 27449 67.40% 21557 68.70% 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 POPULATION Alacode Karimannoor Kodikulam Kudayathoor Udumbannoor Vannapuram Velliyamattom PANCHAYATH ELAMDESAM BLOCK population KWA Coverage
- 22. COVERAGE OF KWASCHEME IN PANCHAYATH WISE Edavetty, 11960 71.07% Karimkunnam , 12659 71.10% Kumaramangalam (Part), 14025 71.30% Manakkad, 14651 75.08% Muttom , 10610 75.40% Purapuzha, 12373 56.57% 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000 POPULATION Edavetty Kumaramangalam (Part) Muttom PANCHAYATH THODUPUZHA BLOCK population KWA Coverage
- 23. COVERAGE OF KWASCHEME IN PANCHAYATH WISE 36314 46.95% 14155 17.24% 31529 1.27% 17554 56.97% 26309 6.08% 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 POPULATION Adimali Baisonvally Konnathady Pallivasal Vellathuval PANCHAYATH ADIMALI BLOCK population KWA Coverage
- 24. THODUPUZHA MUNICIPALITY SCHEME NOTCOVERED AREA 23% SCHEME COVERED AREA 77% MUNICIPALITY COVERAGE
- 25. JALANIDHI Name of Grama Panchayath Noof schemes No of rain water structures Existing coverage Jalanidhi Coverage Total Coverage Vellathooval 46 223 33% 24% 57% Mariyapuram 27 608 16% 37% 53%
- 26. QUALITY STANDARD The drinkingwater specification as per Indian Standard (First Revision IS 10500:1991 BIS, New Delhi, India) Si No Substance or Characteristic Requirement (Desirable Limit) Permissible limit in the absence of alternate source 1 Colour, (Hazen unit), Max 5 5 2 Odour Unobjectionable -- 3 Taste Agreeable -- 4 Turbidity (NTU), Max 5 10 5 pH value 6.5 to 8.5 No relaxation 6 Total Hardness (as CaCo3) mg/L, Max 300 600 7 Iron (as Fe) mg/L, Max 0.3 1.0 8 Chlorides (as Cl) Mg/L, Max 250 1000 9 Residual, free chlorine, mg/L, Min 0.2 -- 10 Fluoride (as F) mg/L, Max 1.0 1.5
- 35. WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM 1.PUMPING WATER SUPPLY SCHEME 2. BOREWELL WITH HAND PUMP 3. PUBLIC WELL 4. GRAVITY SCHEME Water Treatments Water treatment consists of following process 1. Aeration 2. Coagulation 3. Sedimentation 4. Filtration 5. Disinfections
- 36. WATER TREATMENT PLANTS RapidSand Filter - 2 Nos Slow Sand Filter - 15 Nos Pressure filter - 3 Nos Infiltration gallery – 21 Nos Disinfections of water done by chlorination using chlorine gas, bleaching powder etc
- 37. Perspective of WaterSupply from 2000 to 2010 Year Incremental supply of water in MLD Total Supply Population Benefited Cumulative Population 2000 0.035 17.08 37500 426958 2001 1.5 18.58 35875 464458 2002 1.435 20.01 7500 500333 2003 0.3 20.31 1750 507833 2005 0.07 20.38 875 509583 2008 0.035 20.42 250 510458 2009 0.01 20.43 51500 510708 2010 2.06 22.49 309708 562208 QUANTITY OF WATER SUPPLY
- 38. PRODUCTION AND SUPPLY 23.242 25.242 27.29227.692 27.792 27.842 27.852 30.452 44.079152 53.703844 22.49 34.88 43.63 17.08 18.58 20.01 20.31 20.38 20.42 20.43 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 2000 2001 2002 2003 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 YEAR MLD Cum Production Cum Supply Forecasted supply Forecasted Production
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- 42. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Adim ali Arakkulam Baisonvally C hinnakanal Edam alakudi Elappara Idukki-Kanjikuzhi Kanchiyar Karim annoor Karunapuram Kodikulam Konnathady Kum aram angalamM anakkadM arayoorM unnar Nedum kandam Pam padum para PeruvanthanamR ajakkad Santhanpara Thodupuzha (M ) U dum bannoor Vandanm edu VannapuramVattavada Vellathuval % GW Development(1992) %GW Development (2004) % GW Development (2009)
- 43. Problems facing inGround water extraction Unlimited Exploitation of ground water Unauthorized digging bore wells Lack of recharging Lowering of the water table. Contamination of water due to unhygienic living condition.
- 44. Problems facing inGround water extraction Remedies proposed 1. National level Legislation is required for the compulsory registration for new and existing bore wells especially in critical and semi critical areas in respect of water table. 2. Appropriate Methods for proper recharging should be ensured while issuing the feasibility certificate from the concerned authority. 3. Mass awareness programs should be arranged through local bodies. a) Against sand mining b) Against massive Land leveling 4. Massive training programs should be conducted through NGO‘s
- 45. Rain water harvesting 1.Since major part of the Idukki district is having rain fall potential ,Rain water harvesting units should be encouraged to exploit the rain water source. 2. Financing for feasible rain water harvesting units by LSGD or other agencies should be provided to the low income families. 3. Provision for rain water harvesting units for the new buildings having area above 1500 sq ft has already been provided by LSGI should be encouraged through rewards such as building tax deduction etc.
- 46. Ground water requirement offuture development
- 47. Scarcity of waterin Panchayats wise A study regarding the proximity of water sources to households conducted at the National as well as the state level reveals that in Kerala more than 50 % of population has nearer water sources whereas the water supply in storage situation is different in other parts of the country The consumption as per norms is 70 lpcd in rural and 140 lpcd in urban the requirement will become 52.56 mld. As per actual consumption is 140 lpcd in rural and 250 lpcd in urban the requirement will become more.
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- 49. Backlog Regarding the Backlogof source we have to identify the new adequate source, by way of constructing check dams, recharges To increase the water supply the higher capacity pump set to be installed. Regarding Backlog in distribution the old and damaged pipes are to be repaired urgently, pipeline extensions are required. Sufficient additional distribution network is to be provided to cover the entire area. Timely commissioning of ongoing projects to achieve the targets. To improve the quality standards of water supply more number of quality control lab to be functioned at required locations.
- 50. ON GOING KWAPROJECTS N NAME OF SCHEME PROJECT COST IN LAKH BENEFITTED AREA BENEFITTED POPULATION EXPECTED DATE OF COMMISSIO NING BOTTLE NECK 1 SPAN NABARD - WSS TO ALOCKED AND ADJOINING VILLAGES 4376.26 ALOCKED UDAMBANOOR KARIMANOOR, NEYASERRY AND KODIKULAM VILLAGES 128760 31/3/2012 17.5CENT LAND TO BE OBTAINED FOR LAYING PIPE 2 CARWSS TO KATTAPPANA & AYYAPPANCOVIL VILLAGE 2314 KATTAPPANA, KANCHIYAR & AYYAPPANCOVIL PANCHAYATH 112000 31/12/2011 INSUFFICIENT FUND FOR COMPLEATING THE BALANCE WORK 3 ARWSS TO ERATTAYAR PANCHAYATH IN KALKKOONTHAL VILLAGE 755 ERATTAYAR PANCHAYATH 325000 30/09/2011 4 CARWSS TO VANDENMEDU & ANAKKARA VILLAGE 526 VANDENMEDU, ANAKKARA VILLAGE 48250 30/09/2011 INSUFFICIENT FUND FOR COMPLEATING THE BALANCE WORK 5 CARWSS TO VELLATHOOVAL & KONNATHADI VILLAGE 2521 VELLATHOOVAL, KONNATHADI 55425 31/03/2012 NON AVAILABILITY OF LAND FOR CONSTRUCTING 3Nos of GL TANK 6 CARWSS TO ELAPPARA & ADJOINING VILLAGE 2198 ELAPPARA, PEERUMEDU, VANDIPERIYAR, PERUVATHANAM & KOKKAYAR VILLAGE 116958 30/09/2011 DISTRIBUTATION NETWORKS NOT ARRAGED DUE TO INSUFFICIENT FUND LAND FOR LAYING PIPE LINE TO BE OBTAINED FROM TYFORD ESTATE AUTHORITY 7 AUGMENTATION OF RWSS TO KUMAIL 1200 KUMALI PANCHAYATH 34558 31/3/2012 DISTRIBUTATION NETWORKS NOT ARRAGED DUE TO INSUFFICIENT FUND LAND FROM FOREST DEPARTMENT TO BE OBTAINED TOTAL PUPULATION BENEFITTED -528,451
- 51. Committed Projects 1. WSSto Adimaly Panchayat 2. Improvements of WSS to Painavu colony, 3. Augmentation of UWSS to Thodupuzha, 4. WSS to Kumaramangalam Panchayat, 5. Augmentation of WSS to Manakkad and Purapuzha Panchayat. The Investigation of above schemes are in progress.
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- 53. ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS Present demand as perNorms Present supply Additional Requirement as per Norms 75.05 22.49 52.46 Demans V/S Supply 0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 100.00 2000 2001 2002 2003 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Year MLD SUPPLY Demand Additional requirement can be reduced to 20.43 MLD by 2012 Demand Supply
- 54. Evaluation of Existing,On going and Committed Projects on the basis of quantity supplied (in mld) Supply by KWA Supply by LSGI Total Supply Existing schemes 22.49 7 29.49 Ongoing Schemes 21.14 4 25.14 Total 54.63 Total required Demand 75.06 Balance requirements 20.43
- 55. USAGE OF PIPEDWATER SUPPLY CONSUMPTION OF BOTTLED WATER USAGE OF FULLY TREATED WATER QUALITATIVE SUPPLY INCREASING OF PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION OVER ALL DEVELOPMENT TREND
- 56. 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Adimali Alacode Arakkulam Ayyappancoil Baisonvally Chakkupallam Chinnakanal Devikulam Edamalakudi Edavetty Elappara Erattayar Idukki-Kanjikuzhi Kamakshy Kanchiyar Kanthalloor Karimannoor Karimkunnam Karunapuram Kattappana Kodikulam Kokkayar Konnathady Kudayathoor Kumaramangalam Kumily Manakkad Mankulam Marayoor Mariyapuram Munnar Muttom Nedumkandam Pallivasal Pampadumpara Peerumade Peruvanthanam Purapuzha Rajakkad Rajakumari Santhanpara Senapathy Thodupuzha(M) Udumbanchola Udumbannoor Upputhara Vandanmedu Vandiperiyar Vannapuram Vathikudy Vattavada Vazhathope Vellathuval Velliyamattom Scarcity Committed KWA projects ongoing KWA projects Present Coverage Coverage of safe drinking water in Idukki
- 57. DEVELOPMENT ISSUE 1. Depletionin ground water table. 2. Unauthorized Sand mining in Rivers, Lakes etc. 3. Damaging existing water sources. 4. Geological and Geographical characteristics of land. 5. Pollution of Water Bodies. 6. Increase in Project cost and O&M cost 7. Difficulty in Land relinquishment from Forest department and Estate authorities. 8. High turbidity in surface water during rainy season
- 58. Evaluation As far asIdukki district is concerned, though a fairly good water supply system exists, full coverage by area with sufficient quantity and quality of water is not achieved. It is suggested that by 2021 full coverage by area with a supply level of 70 to 100 lpcd of treated water shall be achieved by combined operation of KWA, LSGI and other agencies. Due to the peculiarity of the Idukki district in respect of undulated terrain, scattered population, hard rock strata etc. it is better to propose that centralized water supply schemes for urban and semi urban areas and decentralized schemes for rural areas with the help of beneficiary group to cover back logs. It is observed that Munnar, Nedunkandom Adimaly, Kattappana, Vandiperiyar, Thekkedy etc are the most the critical regions in respect of shortage of water in Idukki District. Effective projects should be implemented by utilizing the nearest available water bodies to the tackle the present scarcity
- 59. Conclusion Considering the consumptionof 70 lpcd in rural and 140 lpcd in urban areas the total requirement will come to 75.06 mld. Effective projects has to be implemented to meet the additional demand of 20.43 mld To achieve these objectives detailed study should be conducted to exploit the water sources economically from the sustainable sources such as Mullaperiyar , Idukki , Malankara reservoirs etc by using remote sensing and preparation of GIS base maps for GP’s for water development plan including possibility of constructing spillway structure at valley portions for impounding run off water. Effective awareness program has to be scheduled and implemented through local bodies for the up keeping of the present schemes and to conserve the water resources properly