- Stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is blocked or ruptures, causing brain cells to die from lack of oxygen. It is a leading cause of long-term disability in the US. - Symptoms of stroke include sudden loss of speech, weakness, or paralysis of one side of the body. Stroke can be identified through brain scans such as CT or MRI. - An EEG can help identify stroke before it occurs by detecting abnormal wave changes in the brain's electrical activity. Machine learning models can be trained to analyze EEG data and detect signs of impending stroke.

1. IDENTIFICATION AND IMPACT OF STROKE WITH EEG
AKSHARA.V.B
6/23/2020 1SEMINAR AND CASE STUDY

2. 6/23/2020 SEMINAR AND CASE STUDY 2
Abstract:
Stroke kills about 140,000 Americans each year—that’s 1 out of every 20
deaths. Someone in the United States has a stroke every 40 seconds.
Every 4 minutes, someone dies of stroke. Every year, more than 795,000
people in the United States have a stroke. About 610,000 of these are first
or new strokes. About 185,000 strokes—nearly 1 of 4—are in people who
have had a previous stroke About 87% of all strokes are ischemic strokes,
in which blood flow to the brain is blocked. In 2009, 34% of people
hospitalized for stroke were less than 65 years old. Stroke costs the United
States an estimated $34 billion each year. This total includes the cost of
health care services, medicines to treat stroke, and missed days of work.
Stroke are important cause of increasing number in physically challenged
people. It majorly causes paralysis where half part of the body left non-
working. Stroke is caused when blood is clotted in the blood stream. It can
be identified before the occurrence by the activities of brains with the
wave form of EEG, with the abnormal wave changes

3. 6/23/2020 3SEMINAR AND CASE STUDY
• The sudden death of brain cells due to lack of oxygen, caused by blockage of
blood flow or rupture of an artery to the brain.
• Sudden loss of speech, weakness, or paralysis of one side of the body can be
symptoms.
• A suspected stroke may be confirmed by scanning the brain with special X-
ray tests, such as CAT scans.
• Impact of stroke
Problems with speech and understanding language (aphasia), Visual
problems, including the inability to see the right visual field of each eye, analyze
items Behavioral changes, such as depression, cautiousness, and hesitancy
Impaired ability to read, write, and learn new information, Memory problems.
STROKE:
• EEG: An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a test used to find problems related to
electrical activity of the brain. An EEG tracks and records brain wave patterns.
Small metal discs with thin wires (electrodes) are placed on the scalp, and then
send signals to a computer to record the results.

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Stroke identification with eeg:
Fig 1: normal EEG waveform
Fig 2: stroke EEG waveform
EEG data signal is analyzed in the time domain as well as in the frequency domain.
To the best of our knowledge, no previous work has exploited multi-domain
features explicitly for ischemic stroke detection with EEG signals. The process
involves data cleaning and features extraction, and training and testing of machine
learning models. Data cleaning comprises of data pre-processing leading to time
and frequency domain features extraction process. The feature set is used to train
and test machine learning models. HiNT develops a wearable point-of-care
monitoring device that detects when patients at high-risk are having a stroke.

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Reference paper:
1. M. Sheetal singh, prakash chouldhary “Stroke prediction using artificial intelligence”
IEEE; Bangkok, Thailand, 23 October 2017.
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“Stroke patient daily activity observation system” IEEE; Kansas City, MO, USA, 18
December 2017
4. Xuefeng Lei,Luyun Wang, Wanzeng Kong, Yong Peng, Sanqing Hu, Hong Zeng, Guojun
Dai ” Identification of EEG features in stroke patients”IEEE; Shanghai, China, 15
August 2017
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