Ibn Sina (Avicenna) was born in 980 C.E. in what is now Uzbekistan. By age 10 he had memorized the Quran and studied philosophy, logic, and science. He became a renowned physician by age 18 and wrote over 200 works on philosophy and medicine, including The Canon of Medicine, which served as the primary medical textbook in Europe for hundreds of years. Ibn Sina made many contributions to fields like early cancer treatment and psychology, but is not well known in the West despite profoundly influencing the development of European medicine and science.
Islam's Contributions to World CivilizationSabeel Ahmed
Islam's Contributions to World Civilization - Dr. Sabeel Ahmed.
Slides present the wonderful achievements in various fields of science by Muslim scientists. Their spark was the command from the Quran and from the example of Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, to gain knowledge, research, think, ponder.
For more info on Islam:
GainPeace.com
Need free Quran and Islamic literature:
800-662-ISLAM
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Islam's Contributions to World CivilizationSabeel Ahmed
Islam's Contributions to World Civilization - Dr. Sabeel Ahmed.
Slides present the wonderful achievements in various fields of science by Muslim scientists. Their spark was the command from the Quran and from the example of Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, to gain knowledge, research, think, ponder.
For more info on Islam:
GainPeace.com
Need free Quran and Islamic literature:
800-662-ISLAM
Want to embrace Islam?
800-662-ISLAM
Contact us:
info@GainPeace.com
Abu Yūsuf Yaʻqūb ibn ʼIsḥāq aṣ-Ṣabbāḥ al-Kindī was an Arab Muslim philosopher, polymath, mathematician, physician and musician. Al-Kindi was the first of the Islamic peripatetic philosophers, and is hailed as the "father of Arab philosophy".
Caliphate is a glorious past of Muslims, all over the world. Muslim community always needs a rightly guided caliphate. So it's my simple work to remember Our glorious History of caliphate and how we lose that.
Abu Yūsuf Yaʻqūb ibn ʼIsḥāq aṣ-Ṣabbāḥ al-Kindī was an Arab Muslim philosopher, polymath, mathematician, physician and musician. Al-Kindi was the first of the Islamic peripatetic philosophers, and is hailed as the "father of Arab philosophy".
Caliphate is a glorious past of Muslims, all over the world. Muslim community always needs a rightly guided caliphate. So it's my simple work to remember Our glorious History of caliphate and how we lose that.
in this presentation i presented some common information about muslim scientests and philosophes that lived in medieval age and i collect some information about discoveries that the did and now a days we the technology it is rooted from their discoveries and hard working.
Avicenna, an Iranian philosopher and physician of the tenth and eleventh centuries (4th and 5th century A.H.) is without doubt one of the eminent scientists and talented scholars of his own age.
His scientific fame and influence was not only spread in Iran and the Islamic world, but also extended to the whole world.
He is still known as a universal scientist in particular in medicine in the views of the researchers and historians of science history.
The Islamic Golden Age 1. Expansion under Muhammad, 622–632 .docxjmindy
The Islamic Golden Age
1. Expansion under Muhammad, 622–632
2. Expansion during the Rashidun Caliphate, 632–661
3. Expansion during the Umayyad Caliphate, 661–750
Islamic civilization experienced a golden age under the Abbassid Dynasty, which ruled from the mid 8th century until the mid 13th century.
Under the Abbassids, Islamic culture became a blending of Arab, Persian, Egyptian, and European traditions. The result was an era of stunning intellectual and cultural achievements.
It is said to have ended with the collapse of the Abbasid Caliphate with the Mongol invasions and the Sack of Baghdad in 1258. Several contemporary scholars, however, place the end of the Islamic Golden Age to be around the 15th to 16th centuries.
Influences for the Golden Age
Religious: The Abbasids were influenced by the Quranic injunctions and hadiths, such as "the ink of a scholar is more holy than the blood of a martyr," that stressed the value of knowledge.
Government sponsorship
The Muslim governments heavily patronized scholars. The best scholars and notable translators, such as Hunayn ibn Ishaq, had salaries that are estimated to be the equivalent of professional athletes today.
The House of Wisdom was a library, translation institute, and academy established in Abbasid-era Baghdad, Iraq by Caliph Harun al-Rashid and his son al-Ma'mun.
The House of Wisdom is where both Muslim and non-Muslim scholars sought to translate and gather all the world's knowledge into Arabic. Many classic works of antiquity that would otherwise have been lost were translated into Arabic and Persian and later in turn translated into Turkish, Hebrew and Latin.
From the translations, the Arab world became a collection of cultures which put together, synthesized and significantly advanced the knowledge gained from the ancient Roman, Chinese, Indian, Persian, Egyptian, Greek, and Byzantine civilizations.
New technology
With a new, and easier writing system, and the introduction of paper, information was democratized to the extent that, for probably the first time in history, it became possible to make a living from simply writing and selling books.
Learning from History…
During this period, the Muslims showed a strong interest in assimilating the scientific knowledge of the civilizations that had been conquered. Many classic works of antiquity that might otherwise have been lost were translated from Greek, Roman, Persian, Indian, Chinese, Egyptian, and Phoenician civilizations into Arabic and Persian, and later in turn translated into Turkish, Hebrew, and Latin.
Philosophy
Ibn Rushd founder of the Averroism school of philosophy, was influential in the rise of secular thought in Western Europe.
Ibn Rushd and Ibn Sina played a major role in saving the works of Aristotle, whose ideas came to dominate the non-religious thought of the Christian and Muslim worlds. They would also absorb ideas from China, and India, adding to them tremendous knowled.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
1. Ibn Sina (Avicenna) - Doctor of Doctors
(980-1037 C.E.)
by Dr. Monzur Ahmed
Ibn Sina was born in 980 C.E. in the village of Afshana near Bukhara which today is located in
the far south of Russia. His father, Abdullah, an adherent of the Ismaili sect, was from Balkh
and his mother from a village near Bukhara.
In any age Ibn Sina, known in the West as Avicenna, would have been a giant among giants.
He displayed exceptional intellectual prowess as a child and at the age of ten was already
proficient in the Qur'an and the Arabic classics. During the next six years he devoted himself
to Muslim Jurisprudence, Philosophy and Natural Science and studied Logic, Euclid, and the
Almeagest.
He turned his attention to Medicine at the age of 17 years and found it, in his own words,
"not difficult". However he was greatly troubled by metaphysical problems and in particular
the works of Aristotle. By chance, he obtained a manual on this subject by the celebrated
philosopher al-Farabi, which solved his difficulties.
By the age of 18 he had built up a reputation as a physician and was summoned to attend the
Samani ruler Nuh ibn Mansur (reigned 976-997 C.E.), who, in gratitude for Ibn Sina's services,
allowed him to make free use of the royal library, which contained many rare and even
unique books. Endowed with great powers of absorbing and retaining knowledge, this Muslim
scholar devoured the contents of the library and at the age of 21 was in a position to compose
his first book.
At about the same time he lost his father and soon afterwards left Bukhara and wandered
westwards. He entered the services of Ali ibn Ma'mun, the ruler of Khiva, for a while, but
ultimately fled to avoid being kidnapped by the Sultan Mahmud of Ghazna. After many
wanderings he came to Jurjan, near the Caspian Sea, attracted by the fame of its ruler,
Qabus, as a patron of learning. Unfortunately Ibn Sina's arrival almost coincided with the
deposition and murder of this ruler. At Jurjan, Ibn Sina lectured on logic and astronomy and
wrote the first part of the Qanun, his greatest work.
He then moved to Ray, near modern Teheran and established a busy medical practice. When
Ray was besieged, Ibn Sina fled to Hamadan where he cured Amir Shamsud-Dawala of colic
and was made Prime Minister. A mutiny of soldiers against him caused his dismissal and
imprisonment, but subsequently the Amir, being again attacked by the colic, summoned him
back, apologised and reinstated him! His life at this time was very strenuous: during the day
he was busy with the Amir's services, while a great deal of the night was passed in lecturing
and dictating notes for his books. Students would gather in his home and read parts of his two
great books, the Shifa and the Qanun, already composed.
Following the death of the Amir, Ibn Sina fled to Isfahan after a few brushes with the law,
including a period in prison. He spent his final years in the services of the ruler of the city,
Source: www.al-islamforall.org 1
2. Ala al-Daula whom he advised on scientific and literary matters and accompanied on military
campaigns.
Friends advised him to slow down and take life in moderation, but this was not in character.
"I prefer a short life with width to a narrow one with length", he would reply. Worn out by
hard work and hard living, Ibn Sina died in 1036/1 at a comparatively early age of 58 years.
He was buried in Hamadan where his grave is still shown.
Al-Qifti states that Ibn Sina completed 21 major and 24 minor works on philosophy, medicine,
theology, geometry, astronomy and the like. Another source (Brockelmann) attributes 99
books to Ibn Sina comprising 16 on medicine, 68 on theology and metaphysics 11 on astronomy
and four on verse. Most of these were in Arabic; but in his native Persian he wrote a large
manual on philosophical science entitled Danish-naama-i-Alai and a small treatise on the
pulse.
His most celebrated Arabic poem describes the descent of Soul into the Body from the Higher
Sphere. Among his scientific works, the leading two are the Kitab al-Shifa
(Book of Healing), a philosophical encyclopaedia based
upon Aristotelian traditions and the al- Qanun al-Tibb
which represents the final categorization of Greco-Arabian thoughts on Medicine.
Of Ibn Sina's 16 medical works, eight are versified treatises on such matter as the 25 signs
indicating the fatal termination of illnesses, hygienic precepts, proved remedies, anatomical
memoranda etc. Amongst his prose works, after the great Qanun, the treatise on cardiac
drugs, of which the British Museum possesses several fine manuscripts, is probably the most
important, but it remains unpublished.
The Qanun is, of course, by far the largest, most famous and most important of Ibn Sina's
works. The work contains about one million words and like most Arabic books, is elaborately
divided and subdivided. The main division is into five books, of which the first deals with
general principles; the second with simple drugs arranged alphabetically; the third with
diseases of particular organs and members of the body from the head to the foot; the fourth
with diseases which though local in their inception spread to other parts of the body, such as
fevers and the fifth with compound medicines.
The Qanun distinguishes mediastinitis from pleurisy and recognizes the contagious nature of
phthisis (tuberculosis of the lung) and the spread of disease by water and soil. It gives a
scientific diagnosis of ankylostomiasis and attributes the condition to an intestinal worm. The
Qanun points out the importance of dietetics, the influence of climate and environment on
health and the surgical use of oral anesthetics. Ibn Sina advised surgeons to treat cancer in its
earliest stages, ensuring the removal of all the diseased tissue. The Qanun's materia medica
considers some 760 drugs, with comments on their application and effectiveness. He
recommended the testing of a new drug on animals and humans prior to general use.
Ibn Sina noted the close relationship between emotions and the physical condition and felt
that music had a definite physical and psychological effect on patients. Of the many
psychological disorders that he described in the Qanun, one is of unusual interest: love
sickness! ibn Sina is reputed to have diagnosed this condition in a Prince in Jurjan who lay sick
and whose malady had baffled local doctors. Ibn Sina noted a fluttering in the Prince's pulse
Source: www.al-islamforall.org 2
3. when the address and name of his beloved were mentioned. The great doctor had a simple
remedy: unite the sufferer with the beloved.
The Arabic text of the Qanun was published in Rome in 1593 and was therefore one of the
earliest Arabic books to see print. It was translated into Latin by Gerard of Cremona in the
12th century. This 'Canon', with its encyclopaedic content, its systematic arrangement and
philosophical plan, soon worked its way into a position of pre-eminence in the medical
literature of the age displacing the works of Galen, al-Razi and al-Majusi, and becoming the
text book for medical education in the schools of Europe. In the last 30 years of the 15th
century it passed through 15 Latin editions and one Hebrew. In recent years, a partial
translation into English was made. From the 12th-17th century, the Qanun served as the chief
guide to Medical Science in the West and is said to have influenced Leonardo da Vinci. In the
words of Dr. William Osler, the Qanun has remained "a medical bible for a longer time than
any other work".
Despite such glorious tributes to his work, Ibn Sina is rarely remembered in the West today
and his fundamental contributions to Medicine and the European reawakening goes largely
unrecognized. However, in the museum at Bukhara, there are displays showing many of his
writings, surgical instruments from the period and paintings of patients undergoing
treatment. An impressive monument to the life and works of the man who became known as
the 'doctor of doctors' still stands outside Bukhara museum and his portrait hangs in the Hall
of the Faculty of Medicine in the University of Paris.
Selected References:
1. Edward G. Browne (1921) Arabian Medicine, London, Cambridge University Press.
2. Ynez Viole O'Neill (1973) in Mcgraw-Hill Encyclopaedia of World Biography vol I: Aalto to
Bizet.
3. Philip K. Hitti (1970) History of the Arabs, 10th ed, London, Macmillan, pp 367-368
4. M.A. Martin (1983) in The Genius of Arab Civilisation, 2nd ed, Edited by J.R. Hayes,
London, Eurabia Puplishing, pp 196-7
Source: www.al-islamforall.org 3