IBM is an American multinational technology company founded in 1911, headquartered in Armonk, New York, with operations in over 170 countries. The company offers a wide range of products and services in IT infrastructure, software, and consulting, and is known for its innovations like the ATM and the relational database. Despite its strong reputation and extensive client base, IBM faces challenges such as increasing expenses, competition in cloud computing, and the need for expansion into emerging markets.