Brief description about hydrotherapy, types of hydrotherapy , constructions , it's uses, safety ,contraindications and indications etc
* this was for a class project so, I'm not accountable for some of pictures which I just downloaded from google*
A technique which uses water as a therapeutic modality. This therapy is usually used by Physiotherapist for healing wound, edema drainage, improving balance and posture and decreasing pain.
Hydrotherapy for physical therapy (lecture)Shahab Shah
This Lecture is Specially designed for Physical therapy students and as well as for general public.
In which general properties of water, temperature and specific exercises are presented.
A technique which uses water as a therapeutic modality. This therapy is usually used by Physiotherapist for healing wound, edema drainage, improving balance and posture and decreasing pain.
Hydrotherapy for physical therapy (lecture)Shahab Shah
This Lecture is Specially designed for Physical therapy students and as well as for general public.
In which general properties of water, temperature and specific exercises are presented.
Joint mobilization refers to a technique of manual therapy by which a therapist applies a brief stretch of 30s or less through traction and gliding along a joint surface.
This Presentation is about Mitchell relaxation technique also known a physiological relaxation technique Mitchell’s physiological relaxation technique is based on reciprocal inhibition and involves diaphragmatic breathing and a series of ordered isotonic contractions.
content from
(proprioceptive neuromuscular fascilitation article of Marymount University Fall 2009),
DPT AMIR MEMON (pnf presentation)
DPT AARTI SAREEM (pnf presentation)
An Introduction To Exercise Therapy Unit !RinkuYadav46
This Power Point Presentation is an Basic Introduction to Exercise Therapy Equipment's used in Physical Therapy Departments for Rehabilitation Purposes.
Rebox electrotherapeutic method is based on non-invasive transcutaneous application of specific electric currents to a living tissue. Main indications for using the Rebox include treatment of acute and chronic pain, immobility, musculoskeletal and neurological disorders and oedema.
Joint mobilization refers to a technique of manual therapy by which a therapist applies a brief stretch of 30s or less through traction and gliding along a joint surface.
This Presentation is about Mitchell relaxation technique also known a physiological relaxation technique Mitchell’s physiological relaxation technique is based on reciprocal inhibition and involves diaphragmatic breathing and a series of ordered isotonic contractions.
content from
(proprioceptive neuromuscular fascilitation article of Marymount University Fall 2009),
DPT AMIR MEMON (pnf presentation)
DPT AARTI SAREEM (pnf presentation)
An Introduction To Exercise Therapy Unit !RinkuYadav46
This Power Point Presentation is an Basic Introduction to Exercise Therapy Equipment's used in Physical Therapy Departments for Rehabilitation Purposes.
Rebox electrotherapeutic method is based on non-invasive transcutaneous application of specific electric currents to a living tissue. Main indications for using the Rebox include treatment of acute and chronic pain, immobility, musculoskeletal and neurological disorders and oedema.
Heat and cold therapy is slide aims for health sciences nursing students. Its discuss about the purpose , general principle and nurses role in giving cold and heat therapy to the client.
This presentation is complete about hydrotherapy and its role in medical care. How hydrotherapy helps patients to recover along with some precautions etc. Hydrotherapy has a lot of benefits, That why we prepare that presentation for those who are willing to learn about it. This presentation may helpful for you in your studies. I hope this will helps you a lot.
WHIRLPOOL BATH by Dr.Aneri patwari..pptxAneriPatwari
This power point throw light on whirlpool bath.
It will also improve the knowledge on principles & techniques of application of whirlpool bath.
It will also give the knowledge on therapeutic effects & actions of whirlpool
It will enhance the information on indication & contraindication of whirlpool bath.
It will serves the knowledge on uses and precautions on whirlpool bath.
It will inform you about the classification of different type of whirlpool bath.
JALA NETI
Neti is a process of cleansing and purifying the nasal passage.
Practices included in this category are : Jala neti and Sutra neti.
Materials Used : Neti pot, Luke warm with salt (one teaspoonful per half liter of water)
Previous Practice : Kapalbhati ,forceful and fast nasal sneezing (alternate nostril)
Indication :Cold
Sinusitis
Asthma, bronchitis etc.
Eye disorder like myopia etc.
Tonsillitis
Mouth breathing in children.
Epilepsy, migraine
Alleviates anxiety, anger and depression.
Hence balances both sides of nostril (Nadi)
HIP BATH
1. Definition : It is the treatment where hip region is immersed in water of required temperature to get desired effect.
2. Requirements : Hip bath tub, foot rest, wet cloth, water of required temperature.
Patient lowers the body inside the tub so that whole hip region is immersed in water.
In cold hip bath continuous friction on abdomen (clockwise direction) is given using a small towel.
In case of hot hip bath a small wet cloth is kept over head.
Types :
Cold hip bath
Hot hip bath
Revulsive hip bath
Neutral hip bath
Kuhne’s friction Sitz bath
ARM AND LEG PACK
Definition : Hydriatic application made over arm and leg with wet cotton cloth over which a woolen flannel is wrapped.
Requirement : cotton cloth, woolen flannel, water of required temperature.
Each leg and arm should be wrapped separately with wet cotton sheet. Temperature should be 60* for the cold pack, and as hot as con be borne for hot pack. A linen sheet should be used for former, a blanket for the latter.Duration: 15-20 min.
Precautions: Empty stomach, wet cotton cloth should not be seen outside the woolen flannel.
LEMON JUICE
Taste – sour/ slightly bitter
Property – light, sharp or piercing
Potency – hot
Effect on doshas – Vata balancing, Pitta nourishing, Kapha balancing.
Nutrient content – Lemons are an excellent source of vitamin C, and are low calorie and relatively high in fiber. They provide minimal amounts of other vitamins and minerals such as thiamin, vitamin B6, calcium, and potassium.
Indication :
Scurvy
Kidney stones
Throat infection
Dental problem
Obesity
Respiratory disorder
Hypertension etc.
Contra indication :
Severe acidity
GERD
Ulcers
Cold etc.
These are the main plant compounds in lemons:
Citric acid. The most abundant organic acid in lemons, citric acid may help prevent the formation of kidney stones.
Hesperidin. This antioxidant may strengthen your blood vessels and prevent atherosclerosis — the buildup of fatty deposits (plaque) inside your arteries.
Diosmin. An antioxidant which improves muscle tone and reduces chronic inflammation in blood vessels.
Eriocitrin. This antioxidant is found in lemon peel and juice.
D-limonene. Found primarily in the peel, d-limonene is the main component of lemon essential oils. In isolation, it can relieve heartburn and stomach reflux .
BLACK MUD
Mud found below the surface of sediments in lakes and rivers, the blackness is due to the occurrence of metal sulphides.
Mud baths may
#nursing
This slide includes the scientific principles. HOT APPLICATION Hot application is the application of a hot agent, warmer than skin either in a moist or dry from on the surface of the body; .
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
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New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journey
Hydrotherapy
1.
2. • Definition
• Properties
• Indications and Contraindications
• Dress for the patient and therapist
• Hydrotherapy equipments
• Types of hydrotherapy
i. Contrast bath
ii. Whirlpool bath
iii. Hubbard tank
• Safety features
• Hygiene of patient
• Maintenance
• Reference
3. • Use of therapeutic effects of water
• Refers to the use of multi depth immersion pools
or tanks that facilitate the application of various
established interventions including stretching,
joint mobilization, strengthening.
• Goals:
– Facilitate ROM exercises
– Initiate resistance exercises
– Facilitate weight exercises
– Facilitate cardiovascular exercises
– Enhance patient relaxation
4. • Upward force that works opposite to gravity
• Provides resistance to movement when an
extremity is moved against the force of
buoyancy. This helps to strengthen muscles
Buoyancy
• Pressure exerted by the water on immersed
objects
• Increased pressure reduces or limits effusion,
assist venous return, induces bradycardia etc
Hydrostatic
Pressure
• Friction occurring between molecules of
liquid resulting in resistance to flow
• Water’s resistance creates resistance with all
active movements
Viscosity
5. • Have the patient remove the clothing as
necessary
– Rolled up sleeves and pants will often get wet
• Remove all bandages, tape, brace, etc
• Appropriate swim wear
• Swimming cap for long hair
6.
7. • Relaxation
• Detoxification
• Assist wound healing
• Stiffness of whole body or limbs
• Menstrual irregularities
• Increased swelling of the extremities
• Muscular problems: muscle spasm, weakness etc
• Bony or skeletal problems: Arthritis, post fracture
stiffness etc
• Neurological problems: paralytic conditions
• Treatment of burn
8. • People with poor circulation or low vitality should not be subjected to
extremes of temperature
• Diabetes should avoid any heat treatments to their legs
• Extreme fragile skin
• Skin condition which are irritated by moisture
• Area of numbness
• Respiratory dysfunction, vital capacity of less than 1 liter( normal-5L)
• Danger of bleeding and hemorrhage
• Severe kidney diseases
• Severe angina
• Inflammatory diseases in the acute stage
• Water and air borne diseases. e.g: influenza, GIT infections, cholera etc
9. • Avoiding treatment with hydrotherapy soon after
having a meal
• People having AIDS shouldn’t be allowed to the
pool if they have any recent cut.
• If person is mentally retarded
• If the person is wearing contact lens.
• Patient have fear of water.
• Patient have epilepsy.
• If the person is wearing an hearing aids.
10. • An essential element of most hydrotherapy treatment allows a
therapist to bring water into contact with the clients body in
carefully controlled way
• Hydrotherapy equipment's varies with treatment. Eg: Hydro-tech
used for massage and bodywork uses hydro-balloon
• Following are some information you need to consider when
choosing hydrotherapy equipment's:
– Client comfort
– Design( therapist friendly, effective control of water ∆re
– Hygiene and safe
– Education( Installation, how to use, treatment , menu
planning)
– Durability(Problem free, adequate warranty, easy to repair)
13. • Treatment involves both hot and cold therapy on same
body part.
• Causes sensory stimulation due to activation of both
cutaneous hot and cold receptor
• Helps to modulate pain, decrease local edema and
increase circulation
– For pain relief, start and end with hot water
– For edema, start and end with cold water
• Method of application
• Indications:
– Post traumatic swelling, pain due to swelling, chronic
inflammation
• Contraindications
– Advanced vascular disease, arterial insufficiency, diabetes
mellitus
14.
15. • A tank that contains water with a turbine to produce
movement of water through agitation, making it easier
to assist or resist the movement.
• Types:
– Extremity Tank
– Lowboy Tank
– Highboy Tank
• Method of application
• Uses:
– Open wounds, pain relief, mobilize stiff joints of
extremities
• Advantages and disadvantages.
16.
17.
18. • Specially designed full immersion tank and mainly for
patients who are unable to stand.
• Mainly designed for underwater exercises
– Has jets for hydrotherapy massage
– Support bars for doing exercise
• Wide top and bottom, narrow middle which allow room
for exercises for the extremities and PT assist the
patients
• Patients are usually lowered on a stretcher by an over
head hydraulic hoist.
• Equipped with 2 turbines that can be moved around the
perimeter.
19.
20. • Client showers before the hydrotherapy treatment.
• Protection from slippery surfaces.
– One precaution, use anti-slip mats
– Whenever possible, assist the patient
• SCALD protection
– A feature that prevents ∆re from becoming too hot.
• Pressure balancing
– Feature that prevents fluctuation in water pressure
when water is used elsewhere.
22. • Keep it clean and polished, avoid abrasive
cleaner/ stainless still causing tiny grooves in
which Staphylococcus can grow.
• Wipe of the benches and clean the floor
• Drain the tank at the end of the day after
cleaning the turbine shaft
23. • Holistic Pain relief: How to ease muscles, joints and other
painful conditions: Leon Chaitou(pg 91)
• Hydrotherapy for health and wellness, theory programs and
treatment: Richard Edison(pg 133,164,210)
• Physiotherapy in medical conditions: Suraj Kumar and Anoop
Aggarwal(pg118)
• Introduction to physical therapy, 3rd edition: Michael A.
Pagliarulo(pg 206)
• Pedretti’s occupational therapy(Practice skill for physical
dysfunction) 6th edition(pg 1066)
• Physical therapy for children: Suzann K. Camphill, Darl W.
Vander Linden, Robert J. Palisano(pg 1028)
24. • Therapeutic Modalities in Rehabilitation, 3rd edition: William
E. Prentice(pg 29)
• Therapeutic modalities (the art and science): Kenneth L.
Knight, David O. Draper(pg 202)
• Tidy’s physiotherapy, 14th edition, South Asia Edition: Stuart
Porter(pg 445)
• Natural spa and Hydrotherapy(theory and practice): An L.
Michina, Sandra R Anderson(pg 78)
• Electrotherapy simplified(pg 271): Basanta Kumar Nanda
